A dryer for compound fertilizer processing

Abstract

This invention relates to a dryer for compound fertilizer processing, comprising: a casing, multiple mesh belts disposed within the casing, and a drying unit and a dehumidification unit disposed on the casing wall. The multiple mesh belts, from top to bottom, include at least a first mesh belt layer, a second mesh belt layer, and a third mesh belt layer. A dispersing mechanism is provided between adjacent mesh belt layers. The dispersing mechanism includes: a housing having a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom; a horizontal shaft passing horizontally through the housing; and multiple S-shaped disturbance plates axially disposed on the horizontal shaft, with side plates provided on the S-shaped disturbance plates. This invention achieves collision polishing by setting up a dispersing mechanism to cause material to tumble and scatter between layers. At the same time, a bottom air blower mechanism is set below the mesh belts, and a side air blower mechanism is set on the upper side. This not only achieves particle shaping but also prevents wet material from sticking together by combining airflows, greatly improving the product appearance quality and production continuity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compound fertilizer processing equipment technology, and in particular to a dryer for compound fertilizer processing. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the compound fertilizer processing industry, drying is a key process to ensure product quality and yield. Existing compound fertilizer drying equipment is mainly divided into two types: rotary drum dryers and mesh belt dryers.

[0003] Rotary drum dryers are widely used due to their mature technology. They utilize lifting plates within a rotating drum to continuously lift and disperse materials, creating a dynamic, dispersed material curtain. This drying method offers two main advantages: first, the particles undergo surface polishing during the throwing and collision process, improving the roundness and marketability of the finished product; second, the continuous tumbling and dispersion of the material effectively prevents adhesion and clumping during the wet stage, ensuring the stability of the drying process.

[0004] In contrast, belt dryers use a static layering method where materials are laid out on a mesh belt, which has inherent drawbacks: First, they lack particle shaping capabilities. The static material layer prevents effective collisions between particles, hindering polishing and resulting in a rough surface and poor roundness of the finished product. Second, wet material adhesion is a significant problem. In the initial stages of drying, highly viscous compound fertilizers easily adhere to the mesh belt and clog the mesh openings, obstructing ventilation, reducing drying efficiency, and in severe cases, requiring shutdown for cleaning, thus affecting production continuity.

[0005] Therefore, how to design a dryer that can effectively shape and polish compound fertilizer granules and solve the problem of material adhesion in the early stage of drying to ensure smooth production has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a dryer for compound fertilizer processing.

[0007] The technical solution is as follows: A dryer for compound fertilizer processing includes: a casing, multiple mesh belts disposed within the casing, and a drying unit and a dehumidification unit disposed on the casing wall. The multiple mesh belts, from top to bottom, include at least a first mesh belt layer, a second mesh belt layer, and a third mesh belt layer. A dispersing mechanism is provided between adjacent mesh belt layers. The dispersing mechanism includes: a housing having a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom; a horizontal shaft passing horizontally through the housing; and multiple S-shaped disturbance plates axially disposed on the horizontal shaft. The S-shaped disturbance plates are provided with side plates, and the side plates and the S-shaped disturbance plates form a trough-shaped structure for accommodating and distributing materials. The drying unit includes a bottom blowing mechanism disposed below each mesh belt layer and a side blowing mechanism disposed at least on the sides of the first mesh belt layer and the second mesh belt layer.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above solution, multiple partitions are arranged horizontally inside the housing, which divide the interior of the housing into multiple independent chambers arranged horizontally.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above solution, the S-shaped disturbance plate includes a long disturbance plate and a short disturbance plate arranged at an angle at the same axial position on the horizontal axis, and the side plates are respectively spaced apart along the length direction of the long disturbance plate and the short disturbance plate.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above solution, the bottom air blower mechanism includes a bottom air supply shroud, and a first circulating fan and a first heater disposed on the bottom air supply shroud; the side air blower mechanism includes a side air supply shroud, and a second circulating fan and a second heater disposed on the side air supply shroud.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above solution, the air outlet of the side air supply hood is provided with an adjustable airflow guide plate, which is configured such that the angle between the air outlet direction and the mesh belt plane is 3° to 80°.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above solution, multiple side blower mechanisms are provided along the conveyor belt direction, and the angle of the guide plates of the multiple side blower mechanisms is set to gradually increase along the material conveying direction.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above solution, each layer of the mesh belt is provided with a brush roller at the bottom. The brush roller is in close contact with the corresponding mesh belt surface and rotates in the opposite direction to the mesh belt conveying direction.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above solution, the surface of the mesh belt is provided with an anti-stick coating.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the operating speed of the upper mesh belt is greater than the operating speed of the adjacent lower mesh belt.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention achieves collision polishing by setting up a dispersion mechanism to make the material tumble and scatter between layers. At the same time, a bottom blower mechanism is set below the mesh belt and a side blower mechanism is set on the upper side. This not only achieves particle shaping, but also prevents wet material from sticking by combining airflow, which greatly improves the product appearance quality and production continuity.

[0017] 2. By setting multiple partitions inside the shell to form independent chambers, the present invention increases the frequency and probability of collisions when materials flow between chambers, further enhancing the shaping and polishing effect of the dispersion mechanism and significantly improving the roundness and surface smoothness of the finished particles.

[0018] 3. This invention optimizes the collision effect between particles by arranging long and short disturbance plates at an angle at the same axial position and setting side plates at intervals along their length, so that the material is subjected to impacts of different intensities and directions during the throwing process, thereby further improving the shaping efficiency and uniformity.

[0019] 4. By configuring independent air supply hoods, circulating fans and heaters for the bottom air blowing mechanism and the side air blowing mechanism respectively, the present invention achieves independent and precise control of the air field of each layer. The air volume and temperature can be flexibly adjusted according to the material drying stage, which ensures drying efficiency and avoids over-drying.

[0020] 5. This invention, by setting a guide plate at the air outlet of the side air hood and controlling the angle between the air outlet direction and the mesh belt plane to 3° to 80°, enables the horizontal airflow to accurately cut into the material layers to form disturbance, effectively breaking the static contact between the wet material and the mesh belt, and significantly reducing the risk of adhesion.

[0021] 6. This invention uses multiple side blower mechanisms with gradually increasing angles along the material conveying direction to gradually increase the intensity of airflow disturbance as the moisture content of the material decreases. This not only gently prevents the wet material from being blown away in the feeding section, but also strongly disturbs and accelerates drying in the downstream section, thus achieving optimized control of the entire process.

[0022] 7. This invention uses counter-rotating brush rollers at the bottom of each mesh belt to continuously clean residual material inside the mesh during equipment operation, effectively preventing mesh blockage, ensuring ventilation area and drying efficiency, and avoiding production line shutdowns due to adhesion.

[0023] 8. This invention reduces the affinity between materials and the conveyor belt at the material level by setting an anti-stick coating on the surface of the conveyor belt, thereby reducing the adhesion of wet materials at the source. It works in conjunction with airflow disturbance and mechanical cleaning to form a multi-level anti-stick system.

[0024] 9. The upper mesh belt of the present invention runs at a higher speed than the lower mesh belt. During the stage when wet materials are prone to sticking, a thin material layer is maintained to facilitate hot air penetration and disturbance. In the downstream stage, the material layer thickness is increased to ensure the processing capacity. This not only prevents sticking but also ensures production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chassis of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dispersion mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the S-shaped disturbance plate of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brush roller of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom blower mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side blower mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0033] Meaning of the reference numerals in the diagram: 10: Chassis; 20: Multi-layer mesh belt; 21: First mesh belt layer; 22: Second mesh belt layer; 23: Third mesh belt layer; 30: Drying unit; 31: Bottom air blower mechanism; 32: Side air blower mechanism; 321: Lead screw module; 322: Connecting rod; 33: Bottom air supply hood; 34: First circulating fan; 35: First heater; 36: Side air supply hood; 37: Second circulating fan; 38: Second heater; 39: Guide plate; 40: Dehumidification unit; 50: Dispersion mechanism; 51: Housing; 52: Inlet; 53: Outlet; 54: Horizontal shaft; 55: S-shaped disturbance plate; 55a: Long disturbance plate; 55b: Short disturbance plate; 56: Side plate; 58: Partition plate; 59: Independent chamber; 60: Brush roller; 61: Large gear; 62: Small gear. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a dryer for processing compound fertilizers. The dryer includes a casing 10, with a material inlet 11 on one side for inputting compound fertilizer granules to be dried, and a material outlet 12 on the other side for outputting the dried finished material. Drying units 30 for providing hot air are installed at the bottom and sides of the casing 10, and a dehumidification unit 40 for discharging humid air is installed at the top of the casing 10 to ensure a stable drying environment inside the casing.

[0036] refer to Figure 2Inside the casing 10, multiple layers of mesh belts 20 for conveying materials are arranged from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the multiple mesh belts 20 include at least a first mesh belt layer 21 at the top, a second mesh belt layer 22 in the middle, and a third mesh belt layer 23 at the bottom. After the material enters from the material inlet 11, it is conveyed sequentially through the first mesh belt layer 21, the second mesh belt layer 22, and the third mesh belt layer 23, and finally discharged from the material outlet 12. By setting up multiple mesh belts, the drying path of the material is extended.

[0037] refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a dispersing mechanism 50 is provided between adjacent mesh belt layers, specifically between the first mesh belt layer 21 and the second mesh belt layer 22, and between the second mesh belt layer 22 and the third mesh belt layer 23 in this embodiment. This dispersing mechanism 50 is used to receive material falling from the upper mesh belt and to disperse and scatter the material through its internal structure, simulating the dynamic effect of a drum dryer. Specifically, the dispersing mechanism 50 includes a housing 51. The top of the housing 51 has an inlet 52 for receiving material falling from the upper mesh belt, and the bottom of the housing 51 has an outlet 53 for releasing the processed material to the lower mesh belt. A horizontal shaft 54 ​​is horizontally inserted inside the housing 51 and is driven to rotate by a servo motor. Multiple S-shaped disturbance plates 55 are fixedly arranged axially on the horizontal shaft 54. Each S-shaped disturbance plate 55 also has a side plate 56. The side plate 56 and the body of the S-shaped disturbance plate 55 together form multiple trough-shaped structures for receiving and scattering material. When the material falls into the housing 51 from the feed inlet 52, the rotating S-shaped disturbance plate 55 picks up the material through the trough structure and throws the material out in the subsequent rotation, so that the material collides with the inner wall of the housing 51 and then falls into the lower mesh belt, thereby realizing the collision and friction between particles, achieving the effect of polishing and shaping and preventing agglomeration.

[0038] To further improve the dispersion and polishing effect, such as Figure 3 As shown, multiple partitions 58 are arranged horizontally inside the housing 51. These partitions 58 divide the interior of the housing 51 into multiple independent chambers 59 arranged horizontally. After the material enters the housing 51, it is dispersed in the multiple independent chambers 59, thereby increasing the frequency of contact between the material and the S-shaped disturbance plate 55 and the probability of collision between material particles, further enhancing the shaping and polishing effect.

[0039] Regarding the specific structure of the S-shaped disturbance plate 55, as a further improvement, such as Figure 4As shown, a long disturbance plate 55a and a short disturbance plate 55b are installed simultaneously at the same axial position on the horizontal axis 54, with the long disturbance plate 55a and the short disturbance plate 55b arranged at a certain angle. Meanwhile, side plates 56 are spaced apart along the length of the long disturbance plate 55a and the short disturbance plate 55b. This structure, combining long and short disturbance plates arranged at an angle, allows disturbance plates of different lengths to reach different depths of the material layer during rotation, generating impact forces of different intensities and directions. This results in more uniform material distribution and more thorough collisions, significantly improving shaping efficiency and the roundness of the finished particles.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the drying unit 30 of this dryer includes a bottom air blower 31 and a side air blower 32. The bottom air blower 31 is located below each layer of mesh belt 20, specifically below the first mesh belt layer 21, the second mesh belt layer 22, and the third mesh belt layer 23. It provides vertical airflow from bottom to top to the material on the mesh belt, penetrating the material layer and directly removing moisture; it is the main heat source for drying. The side air blower 32 is located at least to the sides of the first mesh belt layer 21 and the second mesh belt layer 22. It provides horizontal airflow between the mesh belt layers to agitate the upper wet material and prevent it from statically adhering to the mesh belt. In terms of specific installation location, for the first mesh belt layer 21, since it carries the freshly fed material with the highest moisture content, the side blower mechanism 32 is set above this layer of mesh belt, blowing obliquely from above towards the surface of the material layer, which can both assist in drying and loosen the material layer; for the second mesh belt layer 22, the side blower mechanism 32 is set below this layer of mesh belt, blowing obliquely upward from below towards the bottom of the material layer, working in conjunction with the bottom blower mechanism 31 to quickly dry the material.

[0041] For details, please refer to the following: Figure 6 As shown, the bottom air blowing mechanism 31 specifically includes a bottom air supply hood 33, and a first circulating fan 34 and a first heater 35 mounted on the bottom air supply hood 33. The first circulating fan 34 drives the airflow, and the first heater 35 heats the air. The hot air is evenly blown upward through the bottom air supply hood 33 onto the material layer on the mesh belt 20.

[0042] For details, please refer to the following: Figure 7 As shown, the side air blowing mechanism 32 specifically includes a side air supply hood 36, and a second circulating fan 37 and a second heater 38 mounted on the side air supply hood 36. The second circulating fan 37 drives airflow, the second heater 38 heats the air, and the hot air is blown out through the side air supply hood 36 into the mesh belt layers. Further, as... Figure 7As shown, an adjustable airflow deflector 39 is provided at the air outlet of the side air hood 36. By adjusting the angle of the deflector 39, the airflow direction can be precisely controlled. The deflector 39 is configured such that the angle between the airflow direction and the mesh belt plane can be adjusted within the range of 3° to 80°. Figure 8 As shown Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram at point A shows that, specifically, to achieve precise adjustment of the guide plate 39, a set of lead screw modules 321 is installed on the side of the side air supply hood 36. The guide plate 39 is connected to the side air supply hood 36 via a rotating shaft. All the rotating shafts of the guide plates 39 are connected to a connecting rod 322, which is connected to the nut end of the lead screw module 321. When the lead screw rotates, the nut moves along the lead screw, thereby driving the connecting rod to move synchronously. The connecting rod then drives all the rotating shafts to rotate, achieving synchronous and precise adjustment of the angle of the guide plate 39. Users can flexibly adjust the blowing angle according to the material's humidity, viscosity, and other characteristics to obtain the best anti-sticking and drying effect.

[0043] As a further improvement to this solution, multiple side-blowing mechanisms 32 are arranged along the conveyor belt direction. Furthermore, to accommodate the gradual reduction in moisture and viscosity of the material during the drying process, the angles of the guide plates 39 of the multiple side-blowing mechanisms 32 are set to gradually increase along the material conveying direction. For example, near the inlet, where the material viscosity is high, the guide plate angle can be adjusted to a smaller value (e.g., 3°-20°) to prevent the wet material from being blown away with a gentle airflow; near the outlet, where the material moisture has been significantly reduced, the guide plate angle can be adjusted to a larger value (e.g., 60°-80°) to achieve final drying and agitation with strong penetrating force.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a brush roller 60 is provided at the bottom of each layer of the mesh belt 20. This brush roller 60 is in close contact with the corresponding mesh belt surface, and its rotation direction is opposite to the conveying direction of the mesh belt. This allows it to continuously brush off material particles stuck in the mesh openings and fine powder adhering to the mesh belt surface, achieving automatic online cleaning, effectively preventing mesh blockage, and ensuring ventilation area and drying efficiency. Figure 5 As shown, to achieve power transmission, a small gear 62 is installed on the main shaft of the brush roller 60, while a large gear 61 is installed on the adjacent mesh belt drive main shaft. The large gear 61 meshes with the small gear 62. When the mesh belt is running, its drive main shaft drives the large gear 61 to rotate, which in turn drives the small gear 62 to rotate, thereby driving the brush roller 60 to rotate at high speed in the opposite direction to the conveying direction of the mesh belt, thus completing the cleaning action.

[0045] In addition, an anti-stick coating is applied to the surface of the conveyor belt 20, preferably a polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) coating. This coating has extremely low surface energy and coefficient of friction, which can greatly reduce the affinity between wet materials and the conveyor belt, reduce adhesion at the material level, and form a multi-level anti-stick system with airflow disturbance and mechanical cleaning.

[0046] Furthermore, in the drive system design, the operating speed of the upper conveyor belt is greater than that of the adjacent lower conveyor belt. Specifically, the operating speed of the first conveyor belt layer 21 is greater than that of the second conveyor belt layer 22, and the operating speed of the second conveyor belt layer 22 is greater than that of the third conveyor belt layer 23. The purpose of this design is to maintain a thinner material layer in the upper layer, where wet materials are prone to sticking, by using a faster speed to facilitate the penetration and agitation of hot air from the bottom and sides, and to reduce the contact time between the wet material and the conveyor belt surface, thereby effectively preventing sticking. As the moisture content of the material decreases and it enters the lower drying stage, the material layer naturally thickens by slowing down the speed, thus ensuring the total throughput and drying efficiency of the equipment.

[0047] The working principle and working steps of the present invention are described below: During operation, the compound fertilizer granules to be dried enter the casing 10 through the material inlet 11, first falling onto the first mesh belt layer 21. The first mesh belt layer 21 conveys the material forward at a relatively high speed. Simultaneously, the bottom blower mechanism 31 below it blows vertical airflow upwards, penetrating the thin material layer for heating and drying; the side blower mechanism 32 above it gently sweeps the surface of the material layer at a small angle to prevent the material from initially sticking to the mesh belt. When the material is conveyed to the end of the first mesh belt layer 21, it falls into the feed inlet 52 of the first dispersion mechanism 50 located below it under the action of gravity. After entering the casing 51, the rotating horizontal shaft 54 ​​drives the S-shaped disturbance plate 55 to rotate. The long disturbance plate 55a and the short disturbance plate 55b scoop up and throw the material out through the groove structure 57 on them. The material tumbles and collides in multiple independent chambers 59, achieving polishing and shaping. After sufficient dispersion and collision, the material falls from the discharge port 53 onto the second mesh belt layer 22.

[0048] On the second mesh belt layer 22, the material is conveyed at a slightly slower speed than the first layer. The bottom blower mechanism 31 below it continues to provide vertical airflow for drying. Simultaneously, the side blower mechanism 32 located below this layer blows air upwards at a medium angle, agitating the bottom of the material layer and assisting in drying, further preventing adhesion and accelerating drying. Subsequently, the material falls again into the second dispersing mechanism 50 for a second spreading and shaping. Finally, the material falls onto the third mesh belt layer 23, conveyed at a slower speed. The bottom blower mechanism 31 below it provides a final strong airflow to dry the material to the required moisture content, ultimately discharging it from the material outlet 12. Throughout the drying process, the dehumidification unit 40 continuously operates, expelling hot and humid air from the casing 10 to maintain a dry environment. Simultaneously, the brush rollers 60 at the bottom of each mesh belt continuously rotate in opposite directions, constantly cleaning the mesh openings to ensure unobstructed ventilation. Through the synergistic effect of the above processes, efficient drying, surface polishing, and complete anti-adhesion of the compound fertilizer granules are achieved.

[0049] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications, improvements, and substitutions without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dryer for processing compound fertilizers, comprising: The chassis (10), the multi-layer mesh belt (20) disposed inside the chassis, and the drying unit (30) and dehumidification unit (40) disposed on the chassis wall are characterized in that the multi-layer mesh belt (20) includes at least a first mesh belt layer (21), a second mesh belt layer (22) and a third mesh belt layer (23) from top to bottom. A dispersing mechanism (50) is provided between two adjacent mesh belt layers. The dispersing mechanism (50) includes: The housing (51) has a feed inlet (52) at the top and a discharge outlet (53) at the bottom. A horizontal axis (54) is horizontally inserted inside the housing (51); and Multiple S-shaped disturbance plates (55) are arranged axially on the transverse axis (54). The S-shaped disturbance plates (55) are provided with side plates (56). The side plates (56) and the S-shaped disturbance plates (55) form a trough-shaped structure for accommodating and scattering materials. The drying unit (30) includes a bottom air blower (31) located below each mesh belt (20) and a side air blower (32) located at least on the sides of the first mesh belt layer (21) and the second mesh belt layer (22).

2. The dryer for compound fertilizer processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (51) has multiple partitions (58) arranged in the horizontal direction, which divide the interior of the housing (51) into multiple independent chambers (59) arranged in the horizontal direction.

3. The dryer for compound fertilizer processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S-shaped disturbance plate (55) includes a long disturbance plate (55a) and a short disturbance plate (55b) arranged at an angle at the same axial position on the transverse axis (54), and the side plate (56) is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the long disturbance plate (55a) and the short disturbance plate (55b).

4. The dryer for compound fertilizer processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom air blower mechanism (31) includes a bottom air supply hood (33), and a first circulating fan (34) and a first heater (35) disposed on the bottom air supply hood (33); the side air blower mechanism (32) includes a side air supply hood (36), and a second circulating fan (37) and a second heater (38) disposed on the side air supply hood (36).

5. The dryer for compound fertilizer processing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side air supply hood (36) has an adjustable airflow guide plate (39) at its air outlet, and the guide plate (39) is configured such that the angle between the air outlet direction and the mesh belt plane is 3° to 80°.

6. The dryer for compound fertilizer processing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side blower mechanism (32) is provided in multiple ways along the conveyor belt direction, and the angle of the guide plate (39) of the multiple side blower mechanisms (32) is set to gradually increase along the material conveying direction.

7. The dryer for compound fertilizer processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each layer of the mesh belt (20) is provided with a brush roller (60) at the bottom. The brush roller (60) is in close contact with the corresponding mesh belt surface and rotates in the opposite direction to the mesh belt conveying direction.

8. The dryer for compound fertilizer processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the mesh belt (20) is provided with an anti-stick coating.

9. The dryer for compound fertilizer processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating speed of the upper mesh belt is greater than the operating speed of the adjacent lower mesh belt.

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