Pile foundation ramming frequency monitoring system and method based on multi-sensor fusion

Abstract

This invention provides a pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system and method based on multi-sensor fusion, including a mounting base assembly, a compaction acquisition module, a wireless transmission module, a cloud processing module, and a terminal display module. The mounting base assembly mounts the compaction acquisition module, wireless transmission module, cloud processing module, and terminal display module onto a compaction machine. The compaction acquisition module includes an accelerometer, a laser diffuse reflection sensor, an edge computing unit, a data transmission unit, and a power supply unit. The mounting base assembly includes a box-type mounting base, a first mounting base, and a second mounting base. The system employs multi-sensor fusion technology, with its core being the comprehensive decision-making based on data from the accelerometer (monitoring dynamic impact) and the laser diffuse reflection sensor (confirming static position). Furthermore, through a "dual trigger" algorithm, the system only determines a valid compaction operation when it simultaneously captures an impact vibration signal exceeding a threshold and a precise hammer placement signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically to a pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system and method based on multi-sensor fusion. Background Technology

[0002] During construction, the foundation is usually compacted by repeatedly dropping heavy objects onto the soil or fill material to increase its density. The most commonly used equipment for compaction is a tamping machine. The working parts of the tamping machine are the hammer head and the hammer rod. A pair of working grooved wheels, driven by the transmission system, can clamp the hammer rod, lift the hammer head to a certain height, and then release the hammer rod to allow the hammer head to fall freely, thus completing the compaction operation.

[0003] Patent publication number CN222456031U discloses a pile foundation compaction device for foundations. This utility model relates to the field of compaction devices and discloses a pile foundation compaction device for foundations, including a vehicle body. A top frame is fixedly connected to the top of the vehicle body, and a cable take-up assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the vehicle body. An iron block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cable take-up assembly. Pushing assemblies are fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the vehicle body. Telescopic columns one is fixedly connected to the bottom of each of the two pushing assemblies. Telescopic columns two are slidably connected inside each of the two telescopic columns one. Pushing springs are sleeved on the outer sides of each of the two telescopic columns one. Two connecting seats two are fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the vehicle body. In this utility model, the compaction device is supported by an additional support device to maintain a uniform distribution of compaction force, achieve uniform compaction of the pile foundation, avoid uneven settlement of the foundation, and ensure the stability of the overall structure. By delineating the pile foundation to be compacted, dust splashing is avoided. Patent publication number CN220266518U discloses an underground pile foundation compaction device. This utility model discloses an underground pile foundation compaction device, including a support plate and a hollow disc. The bottom of the hollow disc is provided with multiple sliding grooves, and multiple sliding columns are slidably inserted into the grooves. The bottom ends of the multiple sliding columns are fixedly connected to a first compaction disc. The top inner wall of the hollow disc is fixedly inserted with two telescopic rods, and the bottom ends of the two telescopic rods are fixedly connected to a second compaction disc. The top of the second compaction disc is fixedly connected with a spring, and the top of the spring is fixedly connected to the hollow disc. A first motor is fixedly connected to one side of the support plate. The output end of the first motor is keyed to a screw. A slider is threaded on the outer wall of the screw, and a sliding plate is fixedly connected to one side of the slider. This invention uses a first compaction plate to compact the underground pile. At the same time, the second compaction plate, under the inertia of its movement, strikes the first compaction plate, thereby causing the first compaction plate to compact the underground pile again, thus achieving better compaction.

[0004] Although the aforementioned patents can achieve better uniform compaction, they still have the following shortcomings: 1. In pile foundation compaction operations, the "number of consecutive compaction cycles" (e.g., 8 consecutive cycles) is a key process indicator to ensure the density of the pile body and meet the bearing capacity requirements. The current monitoring method mainly relies on manual counting, supplemented by traditional single sensor equipment, which leads to problems such as large counting errors, difficulty in action recognition, and poor real-time performance; 2. At present, after the single sensor equipment is installed, it is easy for the sensor equipment to become loose or even fall off during compaction operations, resulting in invalid monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pile foundation compaction number monitoring system and method based on multi-sensor fusion, which aims to solve the problems of inaccurate compaction number monitoring and cumbersome monitoring in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the pile foundation compaction number monitoring system and monitoring method based on multi-sensor fusion includes a mounting base assembly, a compaction acquisition module, a wireless transmission module, a cloud processing module, and a terminal display module, so that the compaction acquisition module, the wireless transmission module, the cloud processing module, and the terminal display module are installed on the compaction machine through the mounting base assembly; The compaction acquisition module includes an accelerometer, a laser diffuse reflection sensor, an edge computing unit, a data transmission unit, and a power supply unit; the mounting bracket assembly includes a housing mounting bracket, a first mounting bracket, and a second mounting bracket. The housing mounting base is installed on the frame of the compactor, and the wireless transmission module, cloud processing module, edge computing unit, data transmission unit and power supply unit are all installed inside the housing mounting base; The first mounting base is installed on the side of the hammer head, and the acceleration sensor is installed on the first mounting base; The second mounting base is installed on the frame at the end of the hammer stroke of the compactor, and the laser diffuse reflection sensor is installed on the second mounting base.

[0007] Preferably, the housing mounting base includes a protective shell, a first magnet, a positioning bolt, a rectangular nut, and a locking element for limiting the rectangular nut; The wireless transmission module, cloud processing module, edge computing unit, data transmission unit, and power supply unit are all installed inside the protective housing; The positioning bolts are two in number and fixed to the bottom of the protective housing. The first magnet is fixed to the bottom of the protective housing. The frame of the compactor has bolt holes that run vertically through it. The positioning bolts pass through the bolt holes and are threadedly connected to a rectangular nut.

[0008] Preferably, the locking element includes a bolt groove formed at the bottom of the frame of the compactor and a baffle threadedly connected to the bolt groove, wherein the baffle is engaged with and adapted to a rectangular nut.

[0009] Preferably, the first mounting base includes a fixed mounting plate and an elastic sleeve; The fixed mounting plate is fixedly connected to the elastic sleeve, and the end of the fixed mounting plate away from the elastic sleeve is installed on the top of the hammer head of the compactor by bolts. The acceleration sensor is installed inside the elastic sleeve. The bottom of the elastic sleeve has a through hole, and the detection end of the acceleration sensor corresponds to the through hole.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the mounting plate has an opening-oriented groove, and a second magnet is fixed in the groove.

[0011] Preferably, the second mounting base includes a cup seat, a ball joint, a snap-fit ​​assembly, and a connecting rod; The bowl seat is bolted to the frame at the end of the hammer stroke of the compactor. The bowl seat is wrapped around the outside of the universal ball. The universal ball has several circular grooves on the side near the bowl seat. The side of the universal ball away from the bowl seat is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The end of the connecting rod away from the universal ball is fixedly connected to the snap-fit ​​assembly. The bowl seat has a socket that matches the circular groove. The bowl seat is threadedly connected to the circular groove by bolts passing through the socket, so that the bowl seat and the universal ball are fixedly connected.

[0012] Preferably, the snap-fit ​​assembly includes a fixing plate, a spring insert, and an elastic snap-fit ​​block; The elastic block is fixed to the lower side of the laser diffuse reflection sensor, the fixing plate is fixed to the end of the connecting rod away from the universal ball, the fixing plate has an upward-facing cavity inside, and there are two spring rods, which are respectively guided and inserted into the left and right ends of the fixing plate.

[0013] Preferably, the wireless transmission module, cloud processing module, and terminal display module are connected via a controller.

[0014] Preferably, the specific operation is as follows: S1, First, the accelerometer and the laser diffuse reflection sensor are installed on the side of the hammer head of the compactor and on the frame at the end of the hammer head stroke of the compactor through the first mounting base and the second mounting base, respectively. S2, then the wireless transmission module, cloud processing module, edge computing unit, data transmission unit and power supply unit are installed on the frame of the compactor through the box mounting base; S3, the power supply unit supplies power to the accelerometer, the laser diffuse reflection sensor, the edge computing unit, and the data transmission unit. The edge computing unit starts reading data from the accelerometer and the laser diffuse reflection sensor through the serial port and uploads it to the cloud processing module. S4, start the compactor and run it empty 3 times. The system counts in real time, the impact intensity curve is normal, and there is no abnormal alarm. Threshold calibration: fine-tune the impact threshold according to the soil hardness on site to avoid misjudgment of soft soil impact. S5, the terminal display module completes the number binding, and the cloud processing module receives the label information number and begins to create a table in the MySQL database; S6, start real-time counting. During pile construction, the terminal display module updates the continuous count after each compaction. S7: When the number of consecutive pile compactions reaches 8, the terminal display module will pop up a notification indicating completion, and the mini-program will simultaneously push a reminder; if the compactor supports a signal interface, the system will automatically send a stop signal, and the compactor will stop within 3 seconds.

[0015] The beneficial effects are: 1. The system adopts multi-sensor fusion technology, the core of which lies in using data from an accelerometer (monitoring dynamic impact) and a laser diffuse reflection sensor (confirming static position) for comprehensive decision-making. Furthermore, through a "dual-trigger" algorithm, the system only determines a valid compaction operation when it simultaneously captures an impact vibration signal exceeding a threshold and a precise hammerhead positioning signal. This design fundamentally overcomes the shortcomings of single sensors being susceptible to machine vibration or invalid displacement interference, achieving a simultaneous leap in counting accuracy and anti-interference capability.

[0016] 2. The enclosure mounting base is designed to provide a stable mounting foundation for the various functional modules (including wireless transmission, cloud processing, edge computing, data transmission, and power supply units) within the protective enclosure. This structure can effectively withstand the severe impacts and vibrations generated during compaction operations, preventing modules from loosening or being damaged due to prolonged shaking; at the same time, its sealed enclosure structure also provides good physical protection for internal components, avoiding accidental damage caused by the intrusion of foreign objects.

[0017] 3. The first mounting base is fixed to the side of the compactor hammer, and its built-in elastic sleeve can securely hold the acceleration sensor in place. The sensor detection head is precisely aligned with the through hole of the mounting base, ensuring that it can directly sense the impact acceleration of the hammer while the sensor body is buffered and protected by the elastic sleeve. This design provides a reliable mounting foundation for the sensor while effectively isolating it from direct vibration and impact, thereby extending its service life and ensuring the accuracy of the detection data.

[0018] 4. The second mounting bracket enables rapid initial fixation of the laser diffuse reflection sensor via a snap-fit ​​assembly. Furthermore, its integrated cup-shaped base and omnidirectional ball joint structure allow for multi-dimensional angular fine-tuning of the laser diffuse reflection sensor, thereby precisely aligning it with the specific detection position at the end of the hammer's stroke. This design ensures both ease of installation and accurate positioning of the detection optical path. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a planar structural diagram illustrating the usage process of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing mounting base of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first mounting base of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second mounting base of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the fixing plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system architecture of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 101, Accelerometer; 102, Laser diffuse reflection sensor; 103, Edge computing unit; 104, Data transmission unit; 105, Power supply unit; 2, Wireless transmission module; 3, Cloud processing module; 4, Terminal display module; 5, Housing mounting base; 501, Protective housing; 502, First magnet; 503, Positioning bolt; 504, Rectangular nut; 6, First mounting base; 601, Fixed mounting plate; 602, Elastic sleeve; 7, Second mounting base; 701, Bowl seat; 702, Universal ball; 703, Connecting rod; 8, Compactor; 9, Bolt hole; 10, Baffle; 11, Second magnet; 12, Fixing plate; 13, Spring insert rod; 14, Elastic block. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] The pile foundation compaction number monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion includes a mounting base assembly, a compaction acquisition module, a wireless transmission module 2, a cloud processing module 3, and a terminal display module 4. It is mainly used to install the compaction acquisition module, wireless transmission module 2, cloud processing module 3, and terminal display module 4 on the compactor 8 through the mounting base assembly, and to achieve accurate monitoring of the compaction number through a four-level architecture of "multi-sensor fusion acquisition - wireless transmission - cloud counting analysis - terminal display and early warning".

[0023] like Figures 1-4As shown, the mounting bracket assembly includes a housing mounting bracket 5, a first mounting bracket 6, and a second mounting bracket 7. The housing mounting bracket 5, the first mounting bracket 6, and the second mounting bracket 7 improve the installation stability of the accelerometer 101, the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102, the edge computing unit 103, the data transmission unit 104, and the power supply unit 105, and reduce interference caused by the vibration of the compactor 8. The compaction acquisition module includes the accelerometer 101, the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102, the edge computing unit 103, the data transmission unit 104, and the power supply unit 105. The accelerometer 101 and the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102, through a "dual trigger" algorithm, determine a valid compaction only when they simultaneously capture an impact vibration signal exceeding a threshold and a precise hammerhead positioning signal. This design fundamentally overcomes the shortcomings of single sensors being susceptible to machine vibration or invalid displacement interference, achieving a simultaneous leap in counting accuracy and anti-interference capability.

[0024] Specifically, the accelerometer 101 is an industrial-grade triaxial accelerometer (model ADXL355, range ±16g, sampling frequency 100Hz), mounted on the side of the hammer head of the compactor 8 via the first mounting base 6, to detect the vibration peak value generated by the compaction impact, with ">5g" set as the effective impact threshold; the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102 is an NPN type magnetic switch (model TL-N5ME1, detection distance ≤5mm, response time ≤1ms), mounted on the frame at the end of the hammer head stroke of the compactor 8, triggered when the hammer head reaches its position (outputting a high level when the metal hammer head approaches); the edge computing unit 103 uses an ARM processor. The Cortex-M4 processor (168MHz) integrates a 4G full network module and operates with "dual triggering". The data transmission unit 104 uses a DTU4G module, which adopts "TCP / IP connection + MQTT protocol". The lightweight characteristics of the MQTT protocol are adapted to the low power consumption requirements of the acquisition module, and the transmission latency is ≤500ms. The power supply unit 105 uses a 12V / 8Ah lithium polymer battery, which supports fast charging (fully charged in 2.5 hours). The working time on a single charge is ≥8 hours. When the battery is low (<20%), a hardware indicator light (flashing red light) and cloud reminder are triggered.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing mounting base 5 is installed on the frame of the compactor 8. The wireless transmission module 2, cloud processing module 3, edge computing unit 103, data transmission unit 104, and power supply unit 105 are all installed inside the housing mounting base 5 to ensure stable operation of the wireless transmission module 2, cloud processing module 3, edge computing unit 103, data transmission unit 104, and power supply unit 105, preventing them from becoming loose or falling off due to the shaking of the compactor 8.

[0026] Specifically, the housing mounting base 5 includes a protective shell 501, a first magnet 502, a positioning bolt 503, a rectangular nut 504, and a locking component for limiting the rectangular nut 504. In this embodiment, the first magnet 502 is a neodymium iron boron strong magnet (with a suction force of 50 kg). The wireless transmission module 2, cloud processing module 3, edge computing unit 103, data transmission unit 104, and power supply unit 105 are all installed inside the protective shell 501. There are two positioning bolts 503, which are fixed to the bottom of the protective shell 501. The first magnet 502 is fixed to the bottom of the protective shell 501. The frame of the compactor 8 has bolt holes 9 that run vertically through it. The positioning bolts 503 pass through the bolt holes 9 and are threadedly connected to the rectangular nut 504. In this embodiment, the rectangular nut 504 can lock the protective shell 501 to the bottom of the frame of the compactor 8.

[0027] In this embodiment, the first magnet 502 can also strengthen the connection of the protective shell 501, making the connection of the protective shell 501 more stable.

[0028] The locking component includes a bolt groove at the bottom of the frame of the compactor 8 and a baffle 10 threadedly connected to the bolt groove. The baffle 10 is engaged with the rectangular nut 504 so that after the rectangular nut 504 is installed, the baffle 10 is bolted to the bottom of the frame of the compactor 8 to lock the rotation direction of the rectangular nut 504 and prevent the rectangular nut 504 from loosening.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the first mounting base 6 is installed on the side of the hammer head, and the acceleration sensor 101 is installed on the first mounting base 6. This ensures that the sensor can directly sense the impact acceleration of the hammer head, and also provides buffer protection for the sensor body by the elastic sleeve 602, thereby extending its service life and ensuring the accuracy of the detection data.

[0030] Specifically, the first mounting base 6 includes a fixed mounting plate 601 and an elastic sleeve 602; the fixed mounting plate 601 and the elastic sleeve 602 are fixedly connected, and the end of the fixed mounting plate 601 away from the elastic sleeve 602 is installed on the top of the hammer head of the compactor 8 by bolts. The acceleration sensor 101 is installed in the elastic sleeve 602 so that the elastic sleeve 602 can both protect the acceleration sensor 101 and serve as the mounting base for the acceleration sensor 101; a through hole is opened at the bottom of the elastic sleeve 602, and the detection end of the acceleration sensor 101 corresponds to the through hole so that the acceleration sensor 101 can detect acceleration.

[0031] The bottom of the mounting plate 601 has a groove with an opening facing the direction. A second magnet 11 is fixed in the groove. The second magnet 11 can strengthen the connection. In this embodiment, the second magnet 11 is a neodymium iron boron strong magnet (with a suction force of 50 kg).

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the second mounting base 7 is installed on the frame at the end of the hammer stroke of the compactor 8, and the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102 is installed on the second mounting base 7. The laser diffuse reflection sensor 102 can be finely adjusted in multiple dimensions through the second mounting base 7, so as to accurately align with the specific detection position at the end of the hammer stroke. This design not only ensures the convenience of installation, but also realizes the accurate positioning of the detection optical path.

[0033] Specifically, the second mounting base 7 includes a bowl seat 701, a universal ball 702, a snap-fit ​​assembly, and a connecting rod 703. The bowl seat 701 is bolted to the frame at the end of the hammer stroke of the compactor 8. The bowl seat 701 wraps around the universal ball 702. The side of the universal ball 702 closest to the bowl seat 701 has several circular grooves. The side of the universal ball 702 away from the bowl seat 701 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 703. The end of the connecting rod 703 away from the universal ball 702 is fixedly connected to the snap-fit ​​assembly. The bowl seat 701 has insertion holes that are compatible with the circular grooves. The bowl seat 701 is bolted through the insertion holes and threadedly connected to the circular grooves, so that the bowl seat 701 and the universal ball 702 are relatively fixedly connected, so as to adjust the angle of the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102 and make the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102 aligned with a specific position when the hammer reaches the end point.

[0034] The snap-fit ​​assembly includes a fixing plate 12, a spring insert 13, and an elastic locking block 14. In this embodiment, the spring insert 13 is composed of a second spring and a push rod assembly. The push rod is inserted into the fixing plate 12, and one end of the push rod near the fixing plate 12 is fixedly connected to the second spring. The other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing plate 12. When the push rod is pressed, the second spring is compressed. Without external force, the second spring will drive the push rod back to its initial position. The elastic locking block 14 is fixed to the lower side of the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102, and the fixing plate 12 is fixed to the connecting rod 703 away from the wall. At one end of the ball 702, the fixed plate 12 has an upward-facing chamber inside. There are two spring rods 13, which are respectively guided and inserted into the left and right ends of the fixed plate 12. After the elastic block 14 is inserted into the chamber, the elastic block 14 can abut against the inner top wall of the chamber due to its elasticity. When the two spring rods 13 are pressed, the spring rods 13 can press against the elastic block 14, causing the elastic block 14 to disengage from the inner top wall of the chamber. At this time, the elastic block 14 is not engaged with the inside of the fixed plate 12, so that the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102 can be removed from the fixed plate 12.

[0035] In other embodiments, a first spring is fixed on the inner wall of the chamber. When the elastic block 14 is inserted into the chamber, it will squeeze the first spring. When the elastic block 14 is disengaged from the inner top wall of the chamber, it can be ejected from the chamber by the action of the first spring.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the wireless transmission module 2, cloud processing module 3, and terminal display module 4 are connected through a controller. By configuring the wireless transmission module 2, cloud processing module 3, and terminal display module 4, detection data can be transmitted to the terminal display module 4.

[0037] Specifically, the wireless transmission module 2 adopts a "TCP / IP connection + MQTT protocol". The lightweight characteristics of the MQTT protocol are adapted to the low power consumption requirements of the acquisition module, with a transmission latency of ≤500ms. Data transmission content: Data is uploaded immediately after each effective compaction (including timestamp, current number of consecutive times, single impact intensity, and sensor status). When there is no compaction action, "standby status" data is uploaded once every 30 seconds. Anti-interference processing: Data transmission uses CRC check (cyclic redundancy check) to ensure data integrity. The module shell uses a metal shielding layer to reduce electromagnetic interference.

[0038] The cloud processing module 3 uses CVM (4 cores, 8GB RAM, 100GB SSD storage) and supports elastic expansion; Data parsing: Verifies the CRC code of uploaded data, extracts the number of consecutive impacts, impact intensity, and timestamp; Continuous impact count: Checks the number of consecutive impacts according to the "dual trigger" algorithm logic (avoids misjudgment by the acquisition module), and generates a "cumulative curve of consecutive impacts"; Identification algorithm: When the peak acceleration is >5g (effective impact) and the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102 is triggered (hammer head in place), it is determined as one "effective compaction"; Record the time interval between two effective compactions. If it is <3 seconds, the number of consecutive impacts is accumulated (e.g., 1→2→3). If it is ≥3 seconds, the number of consecutive impacts is reset to zero (re-counting from 1); Calculate the single impact intensity (peak acceleration). If the fluctuation with the average value is >30%, it is marked as "abnormal impact"; Standard judgment: Standard met, consecutive impacts ≥ preset standard (e.g., 8 times), marked as "green standard met"; During construction, consecutive impacts < preset standard, marked as "blue construction in progress"; Abnormal, impact intensity fluctuation >30%, consecutive impacts reset >5 times. If the interval between actions is too long, it is marked as "red abnormality"; Parameter reset: "Continuous number of times standard", "impact threshold (e.g. 5g)" and "interval threshold (e.g. 3 seconds)" can be modified through the Web management interface, and the changes are immediately synchronized to the acquisition module; Data storage: Historical data is stored in a PostgreSQL database with a retention time of ≥1 year, and "cumulative number of times process" and "impact intensity distribution" can be queried by pile foundation number and date.

[0039] The terminal display module 4 supports both web (Chrome browser) and mobile app displays. The web interface layout includes: left side: pile distribution map (labeled with numbers and status); middle: real-time data area (selected piles show "current consecutive counts / preset counts", "cumulative total counts", and "average impact intensity"); right side: impact intensity curve (peak values ​​from the last 10 compactions, with an average line); bottom: compliance reminder area (compliant piles display pop-up notifications, abnormal piles flash red); interactive functions: clicking the pile icon displays "compaction process details" (time, impact intensity, and cumulative consecutive counts for each compaction), and supports exporting single-pile compaction quality reports (including compliance time, abnormal counts, and impact intensity analysis).

[0040] The monitoring method based on the multi-sensor fusion pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system is as follows: S1. First, install the accelerometer 101 and the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102 on the side of the hammer head of the compactor 8 and the frame at the end of the hammer head stroke of the compactor 8 respectively through the first mounting base 6 and the second mounting base 7, and adjust the position of the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102 (to ensure that it is triggered when the hammer head is in position). S2, then the wireless transmission module 2, cloud processing module 3, edge computing unit 103, data transmission unit 104 and power supply unit 105 are installed on the frame of the compactor 8 through the housing mounting base 5; S3, the power supply unit 105 supplies power to the accelerometer 101, the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102, the edge computing unit 103, and the data transmission unit 104. The edge computing unit 103 starts reading data from the accelerometer 101 and the laser diffuse reflection sensor 102 through the serial port, while the data transmission unit 104 starts uploading to the cloud processing module 3. S4, start the compactor 8 and run it empty 3 times. The system counts "3 times" in real time. The impact intensity curve is normal and there is no abnormal alarm. Threshold calibration: According to the soil hardness on site, the impact threshold is finely adjusted (from 5g to 5.2g) to avoid misjudgment of soft soil impact. S5, Start Operation: Terminal display module 4 completes the binding of "module number - pile number" (e.g., module HF01 is bound to H01), and cloud processing module 3 receives the annotation information number and starts creating a table in the MySQL database; S6, start real-time counting, (H01) during pile construction, the terminal display module 4 updates the number of consecutive times after each compaction (e.g., "1→2→…→8"), the impact strength curve shows that the peak value is concentrated in 7-8g (fluctuation <10%). S7, Compliance Control: When the number of consecutive compaction cycles of pile (H01) reaches 8, the terminal display module 4 will pop up a window to prompt "(H01) pile compaction meets the standard", and the mini program will push a reminder simultaneously; if the compactor 8 supports a signal interface, the system will automatically send a stop signal, and the compactor 8 will stop within 3 seconds. S8, Abnormal Handling: (H01) During pile construction, if the interval between compaction reaches 4 seconds, the system immediately resets the consecutive counts (re-counts from 0) and marks it as "interval too long abnormal"; after inspection by the construction personnel, it was found that the hammer head was stuck, and after handling, the system returned to normal counting. S9, Process monitoring: Construction personnel can view process data through terminal display module 4. The data includes (H01) pile compliance time (15:30), number of consecutive times (8), impact intensity fluctuation (8%); whether all meet the standard (T\F); data on the completion of work on the day, and the number of online equipment, etc.; Equipment reuse: After the project is completed, the parameters (10 consecutive standard times, impact threshold 6g) can be modified through the terminal display module 4 interface. The compaction acquisition module can be disassembled and installed in another lime-soil pile project without hardware modification. The adaptation can be completed within 3 minutes. S10, Construction Monitoring: Construction personnel can view the depth data of pile (H01) through terminal display module 4 (e.g., the depth of pile H01 gradually increases from 0m to 12m), and the depth-time curve is updated in real time; Compliance Reminder: When the depth of pile H01 reaches 12.00m, terminal display module 4 will pop up a window to prompt "H01 pile depth meets the standard", and the mini program will simultaneously push an SMS reminder (to the mobile phone of the person in charge of construction).

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. The basic concept of the present invention lies in improving the counting accuracy through the cooperation of multiple sensors, and the mounting bracket assembly can improve the installation stability of the sensors, thereby indirectly improving the detection effect. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion, characterized in that, It includes a mounting base assembly, a compaction acquisition module, a wireless transmission module (2), a cloud processing module (3), and a terminal display module (4), so that the compaction acquisition module, the wireless transmission module (2), the cloud processing module (3), and the terminal display module (4) are installed on the compactor (8) through the mounting base assembly; The compaction acquisition module includes an accelerometer (101), a laser diffuse reflection sensor (102), an edge computing unit (103), a data transmission unit (104), and a power supply unit (105). The mounting bracket assembly includes a housing mounting bracket (5), a first mounting bracket (6), and a second mounting bracket (7). The housing mounting base (5) is installed on the frame of the compactor (8), and the wireless transmission module (2), cloud processing module (3), edge computing unit (103), data transmission unit (104) and power supply unit (105) are all installed inside the housing mounting base (5); The first mounting base (6) is mounted on the side of the hammer head, and the acceleration sensor (101) is mounted on the first mounting base (6); The second mounting base (7) is mounted on the frame at the end of the hammer stroke of the compactor (8), and the laser diffuse reflection sensor (102) is mounted on the second mounting base (7).

2. The pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing mounting base (5) includes a protective shell (501), a first magnet (502), a positioning bolt (503), a rectangular nut (504), and a locking element for limiting the rectangular nut (504); The wireless transmission module (2), cloud processing module (3), edge computing unit (103), data transmission unit (104), and power supply unit (105) are all installed inside the protective housing (501); The positioning bolts (503) are two and fixed at the bottom of the protective housing (501). The first magnet (502) is fixed at the bottom of the protective housing (501). The frame of the compactor (8) has bolt holes (9) that run vertically through it. The positioning bolts (503) pass through the bolt holes (9) and are threadedly connected to the rectangular nut (504).

3. The pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking component includes a bolt groove at the bottom of the frame of the compactor (8) and a baffle (10) threadedly connected to the bolt groove. The baffle (10) is engaged with a rectangular nut (504).

4. The pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first mounting base (6) includes a fixed mounting plate (601) and an elastic sleeve (602); The fixed mounting plate (601) is fixedly connected to the elastic sleeve (602). The end of the fixed mounting plate (601) away from the elastic sleeve (602) is installed on the top of the hammer head of the compactor (8) by bolts. The acceleration sensor (101) is installed inside the elastic sleeve (602). The bottom of the elastic sleeve (602) has a through hole, and the detection end of the acceleration sensor (101) corresponds to the through hole.

5. The pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the fixed mounting plate (601) has an opening-oriented groove, and a second magnet (11) is fixed in the groove.

6. The pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second mounting base (7) includes a cup seat (701), a universal ball (702), a snap-fit ​​assembly, and a connecting rod (703); The bowl seat (701) is bolted to the frame at the end of the hammer stroke of the compactor (8). The bowl seat (701) is wrapped around the outside of the universal ball (702). The universal ball (702) has several circular grooves on the side near the bowl seat (701). The side of the universal ball (702) away from the bowl seat (701) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (703). The end of the connecting rod (703) away from the universal ball (702) is fixedly connected to the snap-fit ​​assembly. The bowl seat (701) has an insertion hole that matches the circular groove. The bowl seat (701) is threadedly connected to the circular groove by a bolt passing through the insertion hole, so that the bowl seat (701) and the universal ball (702) are relatively fixedly connected.

7. The pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion according to claim 6, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​assembly includes a fixing plate (12), a spring insert (13), and an elastic snap block (14). The elastic block (14) is fixed on the lower side of the laser diffuse reflection sensor (102), the fixing plate (12) is fixed on the end of the connecting rod (703) away from the universal ball (702), the fixing plate (12) has an upward-facing chamber inside, and there are two spring rods (13), which are respectively guided and inserted into the left and right ends of the fixing plate (12).

8. The pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless transmission module (2), cloud processing module (3) and terminal display module (4) are connected through a controller.

9. A monitoring method for a pile foundation compaction frequency monitoring system based on multi-sensor fusion, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1, first install the accelerometer (101) and the laser diffuse reflection sensor (102) on the side of the hammer head of the compactor (8) and the frame at the end of the hammer head stroke of the compactor (8) respectively through the first mounting base (6) and the second mounting base (7); S2, then the wireless transmission module (2), cloud processing module (3), edge computing unit (103), data transmission unit (104) and power supply unit (105) are installed on the frame of the compactor (8) through the housing mounting base (5); S3, the power supply unit (105) supplies power to the accelerometer (101), the laser diffuse reflection sensor (102), the edge computing unit (103), and the data transmission unit (104). The edge computing unit (103) starts reading data from the accelerometer (101) and the laser diffuse reflection sensor (102) through the serial port and uploads it to the cloud processing module (3). S4, start the compactor (8) and run it empty 3 times. The system counts in real time. The impact intensity curve is normal and there is no abnormal alarm. Threshold calibration: adjust the impact threshold according to the soil hardness on site to avoid misjudgment of soft soil impact. S5, the terminal display module (4) completes the number binding, and the cloud processing module (3) receives the label information number and starts to create a table in the MySQL database; S6, start real-time counting. During pile construction, the terminal display module (4) updates the continuous count after each compaction. S7, when the number of consecutive piles reaches 8, the terminal display module (4) will pop up a window to indicate completion, and the mini program will push a reminder simultaneously; if the compactor (8) supports the signal interface, the system will automatically send a stop signal, and the compactor (8) will stop within 3 seconds.

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