Oil-immersed transformer with high protection performance

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of transformer protection technology, providing a high-protection oil-immersed transformer, comprising a transformer with a sealing shell fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the top of the transformer. An elastic plate group is connected to the inner wall of the sealing shell group via a detection component. A piston is installed at the bottom of the elastic plate group, and a U-shaped rod is installed at the top of the sealing shell group and passes through it. The piston detects whether the pressure inside the chamber is high by pressing the elastic plate group to lift the U-shaped rod. Through real-time pressure monitoring and an active pressure relief structure, it achieves early detection and precise release of pressure anomalies, optimizes the sealing and pressure relief channels, avoids tank deformation and oil leakage, reduces safety hazards from the source, and improves operational safety. Simultaneously, it achieves linkage between the protection and cooling systems, automatically enhancing heat dissipation when pressure rises, rapidly cooling and suppressing pressure, improving circulation and heat exchange efficiency, delaying insulation aging, extending equipment lifespan, and adapting to high-load, high-protection scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer protection technology, specifically to an oil-immersed transformer with high protection performance. Background Technology

[0002] Oil-immersed transformers, as core equipment in power transmission and distribution systems, are widely used in key areas such as industrial production, urban power supply, power grid hubs, new energy grid connection, and rail transit. They undertake important functions of voltage transformation, power distribution, and power transmission. Their operational stability, reliability, and safety are directly related to the overall power supply quality of the power grid, the continuity of industrial production, and the safety of public electricity use. They are key basic equipment to ensure the stable and efficient operation of modern power systems.

[0003] Conventional pressure protection devices are mostly passive structures, only able to release pressure when it exceeds the limit. They cannot achieve real-time high-pressure monitoring, precise release, and coordinated control. Cooling systems often operate independently, not linked to internal pressure and oil temperature, and cannot quickly enhance cooling when pressure rises sharply. This makes it difficult to fundamentally suppress oil vaporization and pressure surges. Some devices have inadequate sealing structures and pressure relief channels, making them prone to insulating oil leakage and poor pressure relief under high pressure. Furthermore, the cooling circuit has low circulation efficiency and poor heat exchange, failing to meet the stable operation requirements under high load and high protection scenarios. This leads to a high transformer failure rate, shortened service life, and significant safety hazards. Therefore, a high-protection-performance oil-immersed transformer is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an oil-immersed transformer with high protection performance, thus solving the problem.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-protection oil-immersed transformer, comprising: A transformer, wherein a sealing shell is fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the top of the transformer, and an elastic plate group is connected to the inner wall of the sealing shell through a detection component. A piston is installed at the bottom of the elastic plate group, and a U-shaped rod is installed at the top of the sealing shell and passes through it. The piston detects whether the cavity is under high pressure by pressing the elastic plate group to lift the U-shaped rod. An oil drain pipe is fixedly connected to and passes through an outer wall of a sealing shell. A locking block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the oil drain pipe through an oil drain assembly. A through pipe is provided on the outer wall of the oil drain pipe at one end opposite to the locking block. The through pipe is used to drain the insulating oil inside the transformer when the locking block is lifted by high voltage. The housing is a first housing. A sliding rod is connected to the top of the housing via a synchronization assembly. A lifting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding rod. A spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding rod. The bottom of the spring is fixedly connected to the top of the housing. When the internal pressure of the transformer drops below the tension of the spring, the lifting plate can be reset by the spring. The main shaft has a sealing shell rotatably connected to its outer wall via a circulation assembly. An impeller is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main shaft corresponding to the interior of the sealing shell 2. A motor is fixedly connected to the front end of the main shaft. The impeller is driven to rotate by the main shaft, thereby driving the insulating oil inside the transformer to circulate. A spline shaft, the outer wall of which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the main shaft, and a meshing washer is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spline shaft through a transmission assembly. A driven shaft is rotatably connected inside the housing, and a meshing washer is installed on the end of the driven shaft corresponding to the spline shaft. When the meshing washer engages, the spline shaft drives the driven shaft to rotate. A collar is slidably connected to the outer wall of the spline shaft. The second housing is fixedly connected to the rear end of the transformer. The inner wall of the second housing is equipped with a second rotating shaft. The outer wall of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a fan blade through a cooling assembly. A condenser pipe is installed on the inner wall of the second housing and passes through it. The bottom end of the second housing is fixedly connected to the third housing. The bottom end of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the second impeller. The condenser pipe is connected to the third housing to drive the coolant to circulate.

[0006] Preferably, the detection component includes a stop block fixedly connected to the outer wall of the U-shaped rod. The stop block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing shell. The stop block is located at the intersection of the outer wall of the sealing shell and the outer wall of the oil drain pipe to block the insulating oil from flowing into the oil drain pipe. When the pressure is too high, the stop block is raised with the U-shaped rod to allow the insulating oil to flow into the oil drain pipe. The outer wall of the elastic plate group has a through hole so that it can squeeze the U-shaped rod to achieve the effect of raising the stop block.

[0007] Preferably, the oil drain assembly includes a pull rod installed at the top of the locking block. The top of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the U-shaped rod. A spring is fixedly connected to the top of the pull rod, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the oil drain pipe. When the pressure decreases, its elastic force can push the locking block downward to prevent the insulating oil from leaking out. An oil storage box is fixedly connected to one end of the oil drain pipe to store the insulating oil discharged after pressure relief.

[0008] Preferably, the synchronization component includes a retractable sleeve installed at the bottom of the lifting plate. The retractable sleeve can effectively protect its internal structure from damage when it is raised or lowered. The front end of the lifting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pull rod. The bottom end of the lifting plate is rotatably connected to a rocker arm, and the bottom end of the rocker arm is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the collar.

[0009] Preferably, the circulation assembly includes an oil supply pipe fixedly connected to and passing through the bottom end of the second sealing shell. The oil supply pipe inputs insulating oil from the front side of the bottom end of the second sealing shell, and delivers it to the rear side of the bottom end through the first impeller.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes bevel gears fixedly connected to the outer walls of the first and second rotating shafts at their respective ends, with the outer diameters of the two bevel gears meshing.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling assembly includes a water tank fixedly connected to the rear end of the transformer, the outer wall of the condenser tube penetrates the right end of the water tank, and the outer wall of the oil delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the water tank.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom end of the second housing is fixedly connected to the top end of the third housing, and the front end of the second housing has an air inlet and an air outlet on the upper and lower sides respectively. The second and third housings divide the cooling and circulation functions into two spaces.

[0013] Preferably, small heat dissipation fins are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water tank, which are used for initial heat dissipation when the pressure inside the transformer does not trigger the cooling components.

[0014] Preferably, a number of high-voltage bushings are fixedly connected to the left side of the top of the transformer, a number of low-voltage bushings are fixedly connected to the right side of the top of the transformer, and large heat dissipation fins are installed on the outer wall of the transformer.

[0015] Working Principle: During normal operation, the transformer's internal pressure is within a safe range. The elastic plates remain in their natural state, the piston is not pushed by high pressure, and the U-shaped rod and stop are in a low position, sealing the connection between the sealing shell and the oil drain pipe. The clamp, under the tension of the spring, blocks the oil drain pipe, preventing the insulating oil from flowing out and ensuring reliable sealing. At this time, the motor drives the main shaft and impeller to rotate continuously, causing the insulating oil to circulate along the oil pipe between the transformer and the water tank. This, combined with small and large heat dissipation fins, achieves basic heat dissipation, maintaining stable oil temperature. Under the tension of the spring, the plate is in a low position, the meshing gaskets are separated, the cooling system is in standby mode, and the overall operation is energy-saving and stable. When the transformer load suddenly increases, the internal oil temperature rises, causing the oil to vaporize and the pressure to rise abnormally, the high pressure acts on the piston, pushing the elastic plate group to deform upward and lift the U-shaped rod. The stop block moves upward to open the oil passage. At the same time, the U-shaped rod pulls the pull rod, causing the locking block to move upward, so that the oil drain pipe is open. The insulating oil inside the transformer is discharged to the oil storage box through the pipe, realizing rapid and accurate pressure relief and avoiding the risk of oil tank deformation, oil spraying or explosion. Simultaneously with pressure relief, the U-shaped rod and pull rod drive the lifting plate to move upwards in sync. The rocker arm pushes the collar and spline shaft to move axially, causing the meshing gaskets to engage. The motor power is transmitted through the main shaft, spline shaft, driven shaft one, and bevel gear to driven shaft two, driving the fan blades and impeller two to rotate synchronously. The fan blades generate forced air cooling, and impeller two drives the coolant to circulate in the condenser tube and shell three. This, combined with the water tank and oil pipeline, achieves efficient heat exchange, quickly reducing the temperature of the insulating oil and fundamentally inhibiting oil vaporization and pressure rise. This forms a closed-loop protection system of pressure monitoring, active pressure relief, and linked cooling. When the internal pressure drops to a safe range, the elastic plate group resets, and springs one and two drive the U-shaped rod, locking block, and lifting plate back to their initial positions. The pressure relief channel closes, the meshing gaskets separate, the cooling system stops working, and the transformer automatically returns to its normal stable operating state.

[0016] This invention provides an oil-immersed transformer with high protection performance. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through real-time pressure monitoring and active pressure relief structure, can quickly respond in the early stage of pressure rise inside the transformer, replacing the traditional passive pressure relief method. It can realize early detection and precise release of pressure anomalies, effectively avoiding the risks of tank deformation, insulating oil leakage and oil spraying caused by sudden pressure rise. At the same time, it optimizes the sealing and pressure relief channel design, greatly improving the sealing performance and pressure relief smoothness under high pressure, reducing safety hazards such as explosion and fire from the source, and significantly improving the safety of equipment operation.

[0017] 2. This invention achieves linkage control between the high-voltage protection system and the cooling system. When the pressure rises, it automatically strengthens the cooling cycle and heat dissipation intensity, quickly reduces the temperature of the insulating oil, inhibits the vaporization and expansion of the oil, and slows down the rise of internal pressure from the source. The circulation efficiency and heat exchange effect of the cooling circuit are significantly improved. Combined with air cooling and condensation heat dissipation, the transformer can be maintained in a reasonable temperature range for a long time, delaying the aging of insulation materials, reducing the equipment failure rate, effectively extending the service life of the transformer, and better meeting the long-term stable operation requirements of high load and high protection scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The three-dimensional representation of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The three-dimensional representation of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the oil drain pipe of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spline shaft connection of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing shell II of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing shell three of the present invention.

[0019] The components are as follows: 1. Transformer; 2. High-voltage bushing; 3. Low-voltage bushing; 4. Sealing shell one; 5. Elastic plate group; 6. Piston; 7. U-shaped rod; 8. Oil drain pipe; 9. Clamping block; 10. Pull rod; 11. Spring one; 12. Housing one; 13. Motor; 14. Main shaft; 15. Sealing shell two; 16. Impeller one; 17. Splined shaft; 18. Engaging gasket; 19. Driven shaft one; 20. Bevel gear; 21. Housing two; 22. Driven shaft two; 23. Fan blade; 24. Condenser pipe; 25. Housing three; 26. Impeller two; 27. Oil delivery pipe; 28. Rocker arm; 29. ​​Lifting plate; 30. Slide rod; 31. Spring two; 32. Stop block. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example: Please see the appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 This invention provides a high-protection oil-immersed transformer, including a transformer body 1, a high-voltage protection and detection mechanism, a linkage pressure relief and oil discharge mechanism, a synchronous transmission mechanism, an oil circulation assembly, and a forced cooling and heat dissipation assembly. Several high-voltage bushings 2 are fixedly installed on the left side of the top of the transformer 1, and several low-voltage bushings 3 are fixedly installed on the right side of the top. The outer wall of the transformer 1 is provided with large heat dissipation fins for auxiliary heat dissipation under normal operating conditions.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 3 The top left and right sides of the transformer 1 are fixedly connected to the sealing shell 4. The inner wall of the sealing shell 4 is equipped with a detection component, which includes an elastic plate group 5, a piston 6, a U-shaped rod 7 and a stop block 32. The elastic plate group 5 is installed inside the sealing shell 4 and the bottom end is connected to the piston 6. The piston 6 is connected to the inner cavity of the transformer 1 and can sense changes in internal oil pressure. The U-shaped rod 7 passes through the top of the sealing shell 4 and the stop block 32 is fixed on the outer wall. The stop block 32 is located at the connection between the sealing shell 4 and the oil drain pipe 8. Under normal conditions, it closes the oil circuit to prevent insulating oil from entering the oil drain pipe 8. When the internal pressure of the transformer 1 rises abnormally, the piston 6 is pressed up and pushes the elastic plate group 5. The elastic plate group 5 lifts the U-shaped rod 7 and moves the stop block 32 upward, opening the oil circuit channel and completing the real-time detection and action triggering of the high voltage signal.

[0023] Please see the appendix Figure 3The outer wall of the sealing shell 4 is fixedly connected to the oil drain pipe 8. The oil drain pipe 8 is equipped with an oil drain assembly, including a locking block 9, a pull rod 10, and a spring 11. The locking block 9 is slidably installed inside the oil drain pipe 8 and normally closes the oil drain channel. The upper end of the pull rod 10 is connected to the U-shaped rod 7, and the lower end is connected to the locking block 9. The upper end of the spring 11 is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the oil drain pipe 8, and the lower end is connected to the pull rod 19. It is used to reset the locking block 9 and seal it after the pressure is restored. The outer end of the oil drain pipe 8 is equipped with an oil storage box to recover the insulating oil discharged under pressure and avoid leakage and pollution. When the pressure exceeds the standard, the U-shaped rod 7 lifts the pull rod 10 and the locking block 9, and the oil drain pipe 8 is connected to achieve precise pressure relief. When the pressure drops, the spring 11 pulls the locking block 9 to reset and automatically close the oil circuit.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 3 Appendix Figure 4 The top of housing 12 is connected to slide rod 30 via a synchronization assembly. Lifting plate 29 is fixed to the top of slide rod 30, and spring 31 is connected to the bottom. The lower end of spring 31 is fixed to the top of housing 12 and is used to drive lifting plate 29 to reset after pressure decreases. The front end of lifting plate 29 is fixed to pull rod 10, and the bottom end is connected to collar on the outer wall of spline shaft 17 via rocker arm 28. When the pressure increases and lifting plate 29 moves upward, rocker arm 28 pushes collar and spline shaft 17 to move axially, so that the engagement pad 18 at the end of spline shaft 17 and engagement pad 18 at the end of rotating shaft 19 engage with each other to realize power transmission. When the pressure is normal, engagement pad 18 separates and the cooling system does not start, realizing automatic control of pressure-triggered cooling linkage.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 4 Appendix Figure 5 The main shaft 14 is driven by the motor 13. A second sealing shell 15 is provided on the outside of the main shaft 14. An impeller 16 is fixed inside the second sealing shell 15. The bottom end of the second sealing shell 15 is connected to the oil supply pipe 27. The oil supply pipe 27 is connected to the inner cavity of the transformer 1 and the cooling water tank respectively. The motor 13 drives the main shaft 14 and the impeller 16 to rotate, so that the insulating oil flows in a directional circulation along the oil supply pipe 27, delivering the high-temperature oil to the cooling area and the low-temperature oil to the inside of the transformer 1, thereby improving the heat exchange uniformity and heat dissipation speed.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 4 Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6The transmission between the first rotating shaft 19 and the second rotating shaft 22 is achieved through a pair of meshing bevel gears 20. The second rotating shaft 22 is installed inside the second housing 21, and the fan blades 23 are fixed on the outer wall. The condenser pipes 24 are arranged inside the second housing 21, and the bottom end is connected to the third housing 25. The lower end of the second rotating shaft 22 is connected to the second impeller 26. The condenser pipes 24 and the third housing 25 form a coolant circulation loop. The rear end of the transformer 1 is fixed to a water tank, and the condenser pipes 24 pass through the water tank. The oil pipes 27 are arranged close to the water tank. After the meshing gaskets 18 are engaged, the power is transmitted through the bevel gears 20, which drives the fan blades 23 and the second impeller 26 to operate synchronously, enhance air cooling and coolant circulation, quickly reduce oil temperature, and inhibit oil vaporization and pressure from continuing to rise. The outer wall of the water tank is provided with small heat dissipation fins to provide basic pre-heat dissipation when the linkage cooling is not triggered.

[0027] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-protection oil-immersed transformer, characterized in that, include: A transformer (1) is fixedly connected to a sealing shell (4) on both the left and right sides of the top of the transformer (1). An elastic plate group (5) is connected to the inner wall of the sealing shell (4) through a detection component. A piston (6) is installed at the bottom of the elastic plate group (5). A U-shaped rod (7) is installed at the top of the sealing shell (4) and passes through it. The piston (6) detects whether the cavity is under high pressure by pressing the elastic plate group (5) to lift the U-shaped rod (7). Oil drain pipe (8), the oil drain pipe (8) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing shell (4) and passes through it. The inner wall of the oil drain pipe (8) is slidably connected to the clamp (9) through the oil drain assembly. The outer wall of the oil drain pipe (8) is provided with a through pipe at one end opposite to the clamp (9). The through pipe is used to discharge the insulating oil inside the transformer (1) when the clamp (9) is lifted by high voltage. The housing (12) has a sliding rod (30) connected to its top end via a synchronization assembly. A lifting plate (29) is fixedly connected to the top end of the sliding rod (30). A spring (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding rod (30). The bottom end of the spring (31) is fixedly connected to the top end of the housing (12). When the internal pressure of the transformer (1) drops below the tension of the spring (31), the lifting plate (29) can be reset by the spring (31). The main rotating shaft (14) has a sealing shell two (15) rotatably connected to its outer wall via a circulation assembly. An impeller one (16) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main rotating shaft (14) corresponding to the inside of the sealing shell two (15). A motor (13) is fixedly connected to the front end of the main rotating shaft (14). The impeller one (16) is driven to rotate by the main rotating shaft (14), thereby driving the insulating oil inside the transformer (1) to circulate. Spline shaft (17), the outer wall of the spline shaft (17) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the main shaft (14), the outer wall of the spline shaft (17) is fixedly connected to a meshing washer (18) through a transmission assembly, the housing (12) is rotatably connected to a slave shaft (19), the slave shaft (19) is equipped with a meshing washer (18) at the end of the slave shaft (17) that is close to the spline shaft (17), when the meshing washer (18) meshes, the spline shaft (17) drives the slave shaft (19) to rotate, and the outer wall of the spline shaft (17) is slidably connected to a collar; The second housing (21) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the transformer (1). The inner wall of the second housing (21) is equipped with the second rotating shaft (22). The outer wall of the second rotating shaft (22) is fixedly connected with the fan blade (23) through the cooling assembly. The inner wall of the second housing (21) is equipped with the condenser pipe (24) which passes through it. The bottom end of the second housing (21) is fixedly connected to the third housing (25). The bottom end of the second rotating shaft (22) is fixedly connected to the impeller (26). The condenser pipe (24) is connected to the third housing (25) to drive the coolant to circulate.

2. The oil-immersed transformer with high protection performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection component includes a stop (32) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the U-shaped rod (7). The stop (32) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing shell (4). The stop (32) is located at the intersection of the outer wall of the sealing shell (4) and the outer wall of the drain pipe (8) to block the insulating oil from flowing into the drain pipe (8). When the pressure is too high, the stop (32) is lifted along with the U-shaped rod (7) to allow the insulating oil to flow into the drain pipe (8). The outer wall of the elastic plate group (5) is provided with a through hole so that it can squeeze the U-shaped rod (7) to achieve the effect of lifting the stop (32).

3. The oil-immersed transformer with high protection performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil drain assembly includes a pull rod (10) installed at the top of the locking block (9). The top of the pull rod (10) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the U-shaped rod (7). A spring (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the pull rod (10). The other end of the spring (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the oil drain pipe (8) so that its elastic force can push the locking block (9) downward when the pressure decreases, preventing the insulating oil from leaking out. An oil storage box is fixedly connected to one end of the oil drain pipe (8) to store the insulating oil discharged after pressure relief.

4. The oil-immersed transformer with high protection performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronization component includes a retractable sleeve installed at the bottom of the lifting plate (29). The retractable sleeve can effectively protect its internal structure from damage when it is raised or lowered. The front end of the lifting plate (29) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pull rod (10). The bottom end of the lifting plate (29) is rotatably connected to a rocker arm (28). The bottom end of the rocker arm (28) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the collar.

5. A high-protection oil-immersed transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulation assembly includes an oil supply pipe (27) fixedly connected to and passing through the bottom end of the sealing shell (25). The oil supply pipe (27) inputs insulating oil from the front side of the bottom end of the sealing shell (25), and delivers it to the rear side of the bottom end through the impeller (16).

6. The oil-immersed transformer with high protection performance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes bevel gears (20) fixedly connected to one end of the outer wall of shaft one (19) and the outer wall of shaft two (22), with the outer diameters of the two bevel gears (20) meshing.

7. A high-protection oil-immersed transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cooling assembly includes a water tank fixedly connected to the rear end of the transformer (1), the outer wall of the condenser pipe (24) penetrates the right end of the water tank, and the outer wall of the oil pipe (27) is fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the water tank.

8. A high-protection oil-immersed transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the second housing (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the third housing (25). The front end of the second housing (21) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet on the upper and lower sides respectively. The second housing (21) and the third housing (25) divide the cooling and circulation functions into two spaces.

9. A high-protection oil-immersed transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the water tank is fixedly connected with small heat dissipation fins, which are used for initial heat dissipation when the pressure inside the transformer (1) does not trigger the cooling components.

10. A high-protection oil-immersed transformer according to claim 9, characterized in that, Several high-voltage bushings (2) are fixedly connected to the left side of the top of the transformer (1), and several low-voltage bushings (3) are fixedly connected to the right side of the top of the transformer (1). Large heat dissipation fins are installed on the outer wall of the transformer (1).

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