A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker

Abstract

A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, belonging to the field of high-voltage circuit breakers, is disclosed to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies. It includes a housing, a floating joint, and a self-locking joint. The floating joint is slidably disposed on the top of the housing, connected to or insulated from a first shield. The self-locking joint is slidably disposed on the lower part of the housing, simultaneously connected to or insulated from the first bellows and the floating joint. When the self-locking joint is connected to the floating joint, it is simultaneously disconnected from the second shield; when the self-locking joint is disconnected from the floating joint, it is simultaneously connected to the second shield. The lower end of the self-locking joint extends downward from the housing and is connected to the actuating end of a coaxial sliding mechanism. This invention, through the structure of a coaxial vacuum interrupter, ensures low-loss transmission of high-frequency signals. Combined with the coaxial sliding mechanism, it improves the motion accuracy of the internal mechanism of the interrupter, enabling the vacuum interrupter to simultaneously possess coaxial transmission and grounding functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-voltage circuit breakers, and particularly relates to a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] Pulse partial discharge testing requires the connection of a pulse charge generator for calibrating the reference partial discharge level on the test sample using the partial discharge instrument. Since the pulse charge generator is a low-voltage circuit, its leads must be disconnected during power-up to prevent voltage surge breakdown.

[0003] Traditional mechanical high-voltage circuit breakers mostly use SF6 or insulating oil as the arc-extinguishing medium. Although they have excellent electrical properties such as extremely low conduction resistance, extremely low breaking capacity and extremely low self-partial discharge, they are large in size, require energy storage during switching, have slow operation, and generate extremely high switching noise.

[0004] Most existing vacuum arc interrupters use a single-pole switch structure. When applied to high-voltage broadband signal partial discharge testing, the insulation distance at the break point is as high as approximately 900mm. Furthermore, this single-wire conduction structure suffers significant transmission loss when transmitting signals exceeding 1 / 4 wavelength. It cannot fulfill the function of disconnecting the pulse charge generator during the voltage boosting process in the test. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker capable of achieving rapid and high-precision on / off control in high-voltage environments (such as 110kV levels), while simultaneously meeting the low-loss transmission requirements of broadband signals. The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker includes a vacuum interrupter, a coaxial sliding mechanism, and a base;

[0007] The vacuum interrupter includes a shell, a floating joint, and a self-locking joint. The shell is a cylindrical insulating component. A first shield closes the upper opening of the shell, and a second shield closes the lower opening of the shell. The floating joint includes a flange and a pin connected vertically. An insulating layer is provided on the outer periphery of the pin. The lower end of the pin passes through the first shield and extends into the shell. The pin slides vertically with the first shield. The flange is in contact with or separates from the first shield for insulation. A first bellows is connected to the upper part of the shell. The first bellows and the first shield are connected through a first conductive layer coated on the upper part of the shell.

[0008] The self-locking connector includes a fixed cover and a self-locking switch. The fixed cover is located inside the housing and is connected to the lower part of the housing through a second bellows. The second bellows and the second shield are connected through a second conductive layer coated on the lower part of the housing. A vacuum insulation cavity is formed between the first bellows and the second bellows. The self-locking switch includes a top contact, a self-locking actuator, and a bottom contact that are connected to each other from top to bottom. The self-locking actuator is an elastic component. An insulating sleeve is provided between the inner circumference of the fixed cover and the outer circumference of the self-locking switch. The bottom contact is insulated from the fixed cover through the insulating sleeve. The top contact is vertically slidably disposed on the top of the fixed cover.

[0009] The vacuum interrupter is connected vertically to the coaxial sliding mechanism, which is mounted on the base. The outer periphery of the vacuum interrupter is provided with a creepage sleeve. The top of the creepage sleeve is provided with a first anti-corona cover, and the first shield and the first anti-corona cover are electrically connected. The bottom of the creepage sleeve is provided with a second anti-corona cover, and the second shield and the second anti-corona cover are electrically connected. The bottom of the coaxial sliding mechanism is provided with a third anti-corona cover. The lower end of the bottom contact protrudes from the fixed cover and passes through the second shield to connect with the execution end of the coaxial sliding mechanism.

[0010] When the coaxial sliding mechanism moves the self-locking joint upward, the fixed cover abuts against the first bellows and conducts. The pin passes through the top wall of the fixed cover and abuts against the top contact coaxially. The self-locking joint pushes the floating joint upward, and the flange separates from the first shield for insulation. The floating joint presses down on the top contact by its own weight, causing the top contact to separate from the top wall for insulation. When the coaxial sliding mechanism moves the self-locking joint downward, the fixed cover separates from the first bellows for insulation, and the top contact separates from the floating joint for insulation. The floating joint slides down by its own weight, and the flange abuts against the first shield for conduction. The top contact abuts against the top wall for conduction through the elastic force of the self-locking actuator.

[0011] Furthermore, the insulating sleeve is a ceramic component.

[0012] Furthermore, both the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are conductive layers formed by curing conductive silver paste.

[0013] Furthermore, the self-locking actuator is a spring.

[0014] Furthermore, the coaxial sliding mechanism includes several fixed columns, the second anti-dizziness cover and the third anti-dizziness cover are connected by several fixed columns, the fixed plate is connected to the middle of several fixed columns respectively, the fixed plate is provided with several drivers, the drivers are cylinders, the fixed plate is provided with an execution plate on one side, the execution plate is the execution end of the coaxial sliding mechanism, the piston rods of several drivers are connected to the execution plate respectively, and the execution plate is connected to the bottom contact.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower end of the bottom contact is provided with a connecting post, which passes through the actuator plate and is threadedly connected to the back tightening nut. Two isolation retaining rings are fitted on the connecting post. The shoulder end face of the connecting post and the upper end face of the actuator plate abut against each other through one isolation retaining ring, and the lower end face of the actuator plate abuts against the upper end face of the back tightening nut through the other isolation retaining ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the isolation ring is an epoxy resin component.

[0017] Furthermore, the actuator board is set horizontally, perpendicular to the axis of the bottom contact, and several drivers are set vertically.

[0018] Furthermore, the number of drivers is at least three, and the drivers are evenly arranged circumferentially around the axis of the bottom contact.

[0019] Furthermore, the actuator is a spring-return cylinder.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] The high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker provided by this invention ensures low-loss transmission of high-frequency signals through the structure of a coaxial vacuum interrupter, and improves the motion accuracy of the mechanism inside the interrupter by a coaxial sliding mechanism, so that the vacuum interrupter can simultaneously have the functions of coaxial transmission and grounding. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vacuum interrupter;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the floating joint and the self-locking joint when the vacuum interrupter is in the conducting state;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial sliding mechanism;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram showing the connection between the bottom contact and the actuator plate.

[0027] In the diagram, 110. First anti-corona shield, 120. Creepage sleeve, 130. Second anti-corona shield, 140. Base, 150. Third anti-corona shield, 200. Vacuum interrupter, 201. First gap, 202. Second gap, 203. Housing, 210. Floating connector, 210a. Pin, 210b. Flange, 220. First shield, 230. Fixed cover, 230a. Top wall, 240. Insulating sleeve, 250. Self-locking connector, 251. Top contact, 252. Bottom contact, 253. Self-locking actuator, 260. Second shield, 280. Second bellows, 290. First bellows, 300. Coaxial sliding mechanism, 310. Driver, 320. Actuator plate, 321. Isolation ring, 330. Fixed plate, 340. Fixed column, 350. Connecting column. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0029] The connections mentioned in this invention are divided into fixed connections and detachable connections. Fixed connections, also known as non-detachable connections, include but are not limited to conventional fixed connection methods such as folded connections, riveted connections, adhesive connections, and welded connections. Detachable connections include but are not limited to conventional disassembly methods such as bolted connections, snap-fit ​​connections, pin connections, and hinged connections. When a specific connection method is not explicitly defined, it is assumed that at least one existing connection method can be found to achieve this function, and those skilled in the art can choose according to their needs. For example, a welded connection can be chosen for fixed connections, and a bolted connection can be chosen for detachable connections.

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are explanations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0031] Example: Figures 1-5 As shown, a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker includes a vacuum interrupter 200, a coaxial sliding mechanism 300, and a base 140.

[0032] The vacuum interrupter 200 includes a housing 203, a floating joint 210, and a self-locking joint 250. The housing 203 is a cylindrical insulating component. A first shield 220 closes the upper opening of the housing 203, and a second shield 260 closes the lower opening of the housing 203. The floating joint 210 includes a flange 210b connected vertically and a pin 210a. An insulating layer is provided on the outer periphery of the pin 210a. The lower end of the pin 210a passes through the first shield 220 and extends into the housing 203. The pin 210a slides vertically with the first shield 220. The flange 210b is vertically abutted against the first shield 220 for conduction or separation for insulation. A first bellows 290 is connected to the upper part of the housing 203. The first bellows 290 and the first shield 220 are connected through a first conductive layer coated on the upper part of the housing 203.

[0033] The self-locking connector 250 includes a fixed cover 230 and a self-locking switch. The fixed cover 230 is located inside the housing 203. The fixed cover 230 is connected to the lower inner periphery of the housing 203 through a second bellows 280. The second bellows 280 and the second shield 260 are connected through a second conductive layer coated on the lower part of the housing 203. A vacuum insulation cavity is formed between the first bellows 290 and the second bellows 280. The self-locking switch includes a top contact 251, a self-locking actuator 253 and a bottom contact 252 that are connected and abut against each other from top to bottom. The self-locking actuator 253 is an elastic member. An insulating sleeve 240 is provided between the inner periphery of the fixed cover 230 and the outer periphery of the self-locking switch. The bottom contact 252 is insulated from the fixed cover 230 through the insulating sleeve 240. The top contact 251 is vertically slidably disposed on the top of the fixed cover 230.

[0034] The vacuum interrupter 200 is connected vertically to the coaxial sliding mechanism 300. The coaxial sliding mechanism 300 is mounted on the base 140. The outer periphery of the vacuum interrupter 200 is provided with a creepage sleeve 120. The top of the creepage sleeve 120 is provided with a first anti-corona cover 110. The first shield 220 and the first anti-corona cover 110 are electrically connected. The bottom of the creepage sleeve 120 is provided with a second anti-corona cover 130. The second shield 260 and the second anti-corona cover 130 are electrically connected. The bottom of the coaxial sliding mechanism 300 is provided with a third anti-corona cover 150. The lower end of the bottom contact 252 protrudes from the fixed cover 230 and passes through the second shield 260 to connect with the execution end of the coaxial sliding mechanism 300.

[0035] When the coaxial sliding mechanism 300 moves the self-locking connector 250 upward, the fixed cover 230 abuts against the first bellows 290 and conducts. The pin 210a passes through the top wall 230a of the fixed cover 230 and abuts against the top contact 251 coaxially. The self-locking connector 250 pushes the floating connector 210 upward, and a second gap 202 is formed between the flange 210b and the first shield 220 to separate and insulate them. The floating connector 210 presses down on the top contact 251 by its own weight, causing the top... A first gap 201 is formed between the contact 251 and the top wall 230a to separate insulation; when the coaxial sliding mechanism 300 drives the self-locking joint 250 to move down, the fixed cover 230 separates insulation from the first bellows 290, the top contact 251 separates insulation from the floating joint 210, the floating joint 210 slides down by its own weight, the flange 210b abuts against the first shield 220 to conduct, and the top contact 251 abuts against the top wall 230a to conduct through the elastic force of the self-locking actuator 253.

[0036] The insulating sleeve 240 is a ceramic component.

[0037] Both the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are conductive layers formed by curing conductive silver paste.

[0038] The self-locking actuator 253 is a spring.

[0039] The coaxial sliding mechanism 300 includes several fixed columns 340. The second anti-dizziness cover 130 and the third anti-dizziness cover 150 are connected by several fixed columns 340. The fixed plate 330 is connected to the middle of several fixed columns 340 respectively. Several drivers 310 are provided on the fixed plate 330. The drivers 310 are cylinders. An execution plate 320 is provided on one side of the fixed plate 330. The execution plate 320 is the execution end of the coaxial sliding mechanism 300. The piston rods of several drivers 310 are connected to the execution plate 320 respectively. The execution plate 320 is connected to the bottom contact 252.

[0040] The lower end of the bottom contact 252 is provided with a connecting post 350. The connecting post 350 passes through the actuator plate 320 and is threadedly connected to the back tightening nut. Two isolation retaining rings 321 are sleeved on the connecting post 350. The shoulder end face of the connecting post 350 and the upper end face of the actuator plate 320 abut against each other through one isolation retaining ring 321. The lower end face of the actuator plate 320 abuts against the upper end face of the back tightening nut through the other isolation retaining ring 321.

[0041] The isolation ring 321 is an epoxy resin component.

[0042] The actuator plate 320 is set horizontally and perpendicular to the axis of the bottom contact 252, while several drivers 310 are set vertically.

[0043] The number of actuators 310 is at least three. Several actuators 310 are evenly arranged in a circle around the axis of the bottom contact 252. The actuator plate 320 and the fixed plate 330 are parallel to each other. The actuators 310 are perpendicular to the actuator plate 320 so that the driving direction of the actuators 310 is in the same direction as the moving direction of the bottom contact 252. Several actuators 310 synchronously push the actuator plate 320 to move stably through the extended piston rod.

[0044] The driver 310 is a spring-reset cylinder that, in the event of an interruption or failure of the compressed air source, works in conjunction with the vacuum retraction force of the coaxial vacuum interrupter 200 to enable the circuit breaker to conduct.

[0045] The coaxial sliding mechanism 300 is used to control the vacuum interrupter 200 to stably perform opening and closing actions. To enable the circuit breaker to be used for low-loss transmission of high-frequency signals, the vacuum interrupter 200 is designed with a coaxial signal transmission structure. The fixed cover 230, insulating sleeve 240, and bottom contact 252 constitute the lower coaxial transmission structure, while the first bellows 290 and floating joint 210 constitute the upper coaxial transmission structure. Simultaneously, the first bellows 290, second bellows 280, fixed cover 230, and housing 203 are also coaxially arranged. The coupling mechanism formed by the floating joint 210 and self-locking joint 250 has high movement accuracy. The coaxial sliding mechanism 300 ensures high-precision coaxial movement of the coupling mechanism within the vacuum interrupter 200. The coaxial sliding mechanism 300 is positioned between the second anti-corona cover 130 and the third anti-corona cover 150 via several fixed posts 340. The fixing plate 330 is used to ensure that several drivers 310 are securely installed, and the actuator plate 320 is set to be perpendicular to the moving axis of the bottom contact 252, so that when the driver 310 drives the bottom contact 252 to move through the actuator plate 320, the bottom contact 252 is guaranteed to reciprocate along the existing axis.

[0046] Reference Appendix Figure 5 The bottom contact 252 is insulated from the actuator plate 320 by means of an isolation ring 321.

[0047] During the disconnection process of the coaxial vacuum interrupter 200, the piston rod of the actuator 310 extends downward, causing the actuator plate 320 to pull the bottom contact 252 downward. The self-locking connector 250 moves down and disengages from the floating connector 210. Under the action of the self-locking actuator 253, the top contact 251 sequentially forms a path with the fixed cover 230, the second bellows 280, the second shield 260, and the second anti-corona cover 130. The floating connector 210 sinks down and sequentially forms a path with the first shield 220 and the first anti-corona cover 110. This achieves grounding when the interrupter is disconnected, protecting the low-voltage end from damage during voltage increase and improving the durability of the contacts under high-voltage conditions.

[0048] During the conduction process of the coaxial vacuum interrupter 200, the piston rod of the driver 310 retracts, while the self-locking connector 250 slides upward under the drive of the actuator plate 320 to contact the floating connector 210, and the floating connector 210 slides upward simultaneously under force. The top contact 251 is pressed down by the gravity of the floating connector 210. At this time, the floating connector 210, the top contact 251, and the bottom contact 252 are sequentially connected to form the inner conductor in the coaxial transmission structure; the first shield 220, the first conductive layer, the first bellows 290, the fixed cover 230, the second bellows 280, the second conductive layer, and the second shield 260 are sequentially connected to form the outer conductor in the coaxial transmission structure.

[0049] The high-speed circuit breaker is grounded upon disconnection and is suitable for high-frequency broadband signals of 110KV level. When the test termination impedance is 50Ω, at frequencies below 100MHz, it meets the requirements of VSWR≤20% and IL≤0.05dB, satisfying the partial discharge calibration requirements for the deviation of the partial discharge calibration pulse passing through the coaxial vacuum interrupter 200. Due to the small effective contact area between the inner conductors in this coaxial structure, and its relatively complex self-locking switch structure, high precision is required for the motion guidance of the drive mechanism. Therefore, it needs to be used in conjunction with the coaxial sliding mechanism 300 for high-speed automated control.

[0050] The high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker provided by this invention ensures low-loss transmission of high-frequency signals through the structure of the coaxial vacuum interrupter 200, and improves the motion accuracy of the mechanism inside the interrupter by the coaxial sliding mechanism 300, so that the vacuum interrupter 200 can simultaneously have the functions of coaxial transmission and grounding.

[0051] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of the present invention and do not limit its scope of protection. Those skilled in the art can make partial changes to them, as long as they do not exceed the spirit and essence of the present invention, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, characterized in that: It includes a vacuum interrupter (200), a coaxial sliding mechanism (300), and a base (140); The vacuum interrupter (200) includes a housing (203), a floating joint (210), and a self-locking joint (250). The housing (203) is a cylindrical insulating component. A first shield (220) closes the upper opening of the housing (203), and a second shield (260) closes the lower opening of the housing (203). The floating joint (210) includes a flange (210b) connected vertically and a pin (210a). An insulating layer is provided on the outer periphery of the pin (210a). The lower end of the pin (210a) passes through the first shield (220) and extends into the housing (203). The pin (210a) and the first shield (220) slide vertically together. The flange (210b) and the first shield (220) are connected or separated and insulated from each other. The first bellows (290) is connected to the upper part of the housing (203). The first bellows (290) and the first shield (220) are connected through the first conductive layer coated on the upper part of the housing (203). The self-locking connector (250) includes a fixing cover (230) and a self-locking switch. The fixing cover (230) is located inside the housing (203). The fixing cover (230) is connected to the lower part of the housing (203) through a second bellows (280). The second bellows (280) and the second shield (260) are connected through a second conductive layer coated on the lower part of the housing (203). A vacuum insulating cavity is formed between the first bellows (290) and the second bellows (280). The self-locking switch... The switch includes a top contact (251), a self-locking actuator (253), and a bottom contact (252) that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The self-locking actuator (253) is an elastic member. An insulating sleeve (240) is provided between the inner circumference of the fixed cover (230) and the outer circumference of the self-locking switch. The bottom contact (252) is insulated from the fixed cover (230) through the insulating sleeve (240). The top contact (251) is vertically slidably disposed on the top of the fixed cover (230). The vacuum interrupter (200) is connected vertically to the coaxial sliding mechanism (300). The coaxial sliding mechanism (300) is mounted on the base (140). The outer periphery of the vacuum interrupter (200) is provided with a creepage sleeve (120). The top of the creepage sleeve (120) is provided with a first anti-corona cover (110). The first shield (220) and the first anti-corona cover (110) are electrically connected. The bottom of the creepage sleeve (120) is provided with a second anti-corona cover (130). The second shield (260) and the second anti-corona cover (130) are electrically connected. The bottom of the coaxial sliding mechanism (300) is provided with a third anti-corona cover (150). The lower end of the bottom contact (252) protrudes from the fixed cover (230) and passes through the second shield (260) to connect with the execution end of the coaxial sliding mechanism (300). When the coaxial sliding mechanism (300) moves the self-locking connector (250) upward, the fixed cover (230) abuts against the first bellows (290) and conducts. The pin (210a) passes through the top wall (230a) of the fixed cover (230) and abuts against the top contact (251) coaxially. The self-locking connector (250) pushes the floating connector (210) upward, and the flange (210b) separates from the first shield (220) for insulation. The floating connector (210) presses down on the top contact (251) by its own weight, causing the top... The contact (251) is separated from the top wall (230a) and insulated. When the coaxial sliding mechanism (300) drives the self-locking joint (250) to move down, the fixed cover (230) is separated from the first bellows (290) and insulated. The top contact (251) is separated from the floating joint (210) and insulated. The floating joint (210) slides down by its own weight. The flange (210b) is abutted against the first shield (220) and conducts. The top contact (251) is abutted against the top wall (230a) and conducts through the elastic force of the self-locking actuator (253).

2. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve (240) is a ceramic component.

3. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are conductive layers formed by curing conductive silver paste.

4. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking actuator (253) is a spring.

5. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The coaxial sliding mechanism (300) includes several fixed columns (340), the second anti-dizziness shield (130) and the third anti-dizziness shield (150) are connected by several fixed columns (340), the fixed plate (330) is connected to the middle of several fixed columns (340) respectively, the fixed plate (330) is provided with several drivers (310), the drivers (310) are cylinders, the fixed plate (330) is provided with an execution plate (320) on one side, the execution plate (320) is the execution end of the coaxial sliding mechanism (300), the piston rods of several drivers (310) are connected to the execution plate (320) respectively, and the execution plate (320) is connected to the bottom contact (252).

6. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom contact (252) has a connecting post (350) at its lower end. The connecting post (350) passes through the actuator plate (320) and is threadedly connected to the back tightening nut. Two isolation retaining rings (321) are fitted on the connecting post (350). The shoulder end face of the connecting post (350) and the upper end face of the actuator plate (320) abut against each other through one isolation retaining ring (321). The lower end face of the actuator plate (320) abuts against the upper end face of the back tightening nut through another isolation retaining ring (321).

7. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that: The isolation ring (321) is an epoxy resin component.

8. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The actuator plate (320) is horizontally positioned and perpendicular to the axis of the bottom contact (252), while several drivers (310) are vertically positioned.

9. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of drivers (310) is at least three, and the drivers (310) are evenly arranged in a circle around the axis of the bottom contact (252).

10. A high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The actuator (310) is a spring-return cylinder.

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