A single-port dual-band dual-polarization integrated antenna

Abstract

This invention discloses a single-port dual-band dual-polarization integrated antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, a feed port, and a radiating element. The feed port is electrically connected to the radiating element, which is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and includes two transverse dipoles and two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles. The two transverse dipoles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feed port for radiating horizontally polarized waves in the first frequency band. One end of each of the two longitudinal dipoles is connected to the feed port for radiating vertically polarized waves in the second frequency band. The longitudinal dipoles and transverse dipoles are arranged perpendicularly and electrically connected at their intersection, forming an integrated composite radiator. Through the synergistic design of the composite radiating structure and orthogonal polarization, dual-band operation is achieved under a single feed port, naturally blocking signal coupling between frequency bands, eliminating the need for additional duplexers and isolation circuits, and suppressing cross-polarization interference. This solves the problems of traditional dual-band dual-polarization antennas, such as a large number of ports, strong mutual coupling interference, and significant cross-polarization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and more specifically to a single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna. Background Technology

[0002] As wireless communication technology develops towards multi-protocol and multi-band concurrent operation, and with the integrated application of technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and IoT, terminal devices need to support dual-band operation of 2.4GHz (wide coverage and strong penetration) and 5.5GHz (high speed and less interference) to balance communication coverage and transmission efficiency. This places higher demands on the frequency band compatibility, integration, and anti-interference capabilities of antennas.

[0003] Traditional dual-band dual-polarization antennas typically have 2 or 4 ports. The 4-port solution requires 2 sets of antenna elements (one horizontal and one vertical), each with 2 independent ports to adapt to the dual bands. It also requires an additional duplexer to achieve frequency band separation, which not only increases hardware costs and circuit losses, but also easily generates strong electromagnetic coupling effects when the 4 ports are arranged close together, leading to signal crosstalk between frequency bands and reducing communication stability and spectrum utilization. The 2-port solution only has 1 set of antenna elements placed perpendicularly to each other. Each element supports dual-band operation, but the structural design is complex, and the cross-polarization component is large, which destroys the polarization purity of signal transmission. In multi-user concurrent communication scenarios, it is easy to cause signal confusion. At the same time, independent antenna elements and multi-port structures occupy a lot of internal space of the device, which restricts the miniaturization and thinning of terminal devices and makes it difficult to adapt to the compact layout requirements of modern wireless terminals.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna technology solution with high integration, few ports, strong anti-interference capability, and high polarization purity to solve the inherent defects of traditional designs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by providing a single-port dual-band dual-polarization integrated antenna. Through the synergistic design of a composite radiation structure and polarization orthogonality, it achieves single-port dual-band dual-polarization operation, simplifies the RF front-end layout, suppresses cross-polarization and inter-band coupling, and improves integration and polarization purity. This solves the problems of existing dual-band dual-polarization antennas, such as a large number of ports, the need for additional duplexers and isolation circuits, strong mutual coupling interference, significant cross-polarization, and low integration.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a feed port, and a radiating element. The dielectric substrate carries the radiating element and the feed port, and the feed port is electrically connected to the radiating element. The radiating element is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and includes two transverse dipoles and two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles. Two transverse dipoles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feed port and are separated from the feed port, for radiating horizontally polarized waves in the first frequency band; two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles are opposite each other at one end, and the opposite ends are both connected to the feed port, and the two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feed port, each longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole forming a closed annular loop for radiating vertically polarized waves in the second frequency band; The two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles are arranged perpendicularly to the two transverse dipoles and are electrically connected at the intersection point to form an integrated composite radiator.

[0007] Furthermore, the dielectric substrate is an FR4 dielectric substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the two transverse dipole structures have the same parameters, with each transverse dipole having an arm length of 17.5 mm and an arm width of 2 mm. The total length of each transverse dipole is half the wavelength, which is used to excite horizontally polarized half-wave mode radiation in the 2.4 GHz band.

[0009] Furthermore, the two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole structures have the same parameters, both being rectangular ring structures. The long side of a single longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole is 16.5 mm, the narrow side is 2.5 mm, and the ring width is 0.4 mm. The total length of the ring of a single longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole is 1 wavelength, which is used to excite vertically polarized full-wave mode radiation in the 5.5 GHz band.

[0010] Furthermore, both of the transverse dipoles and both of the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles are copper-plated radiators.

[0011] Furthermore, the power supply port is a single-port structure and is connected to the radiating unit via a coaxial cable.

[0012] Furthermore, in the connecting cable of the power supply port, the inner core of the cable is connected to the left metal part of one of the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles, and the outer core of the cable is connected to the right metal part of another longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole, for synchronous excitation of the dual-band radiation unit by a single port.

[0013] Furthermore, the dielectric substrate, the two lateral dipoles, and the two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles are integrally formed using PCB technology.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Simplified design with single-port architecture: Dual-frequency dual-polarization can be achieved with only one power supply port. Compared with traditional two-port or four-port solutions, it eliminates the need for additional ports and supporting duplexers and isolation circuits, greatly simplifying the RF front-end layout and reducing hardware costs and circuit losses.

[0015] 2. Polarization Orthogonal Coupling Suppression: Relying on the orthogonal characteristics of 2.4GHz horizontal polarization and 5.5GHz vertical polarization, it naturally blocks signal coupling between frequency bands, eliminating the need for additional isolation design, effectively reducing mutual coupling interference and improving communication stability.

[0016] 3. Significantly reduced cross-polarization: Through the symmetrical design of the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole and the optimization of the composite structure, the cross-polarization discrimination XPD is improved to more than 32dB, and the polarization purity is far superior to the traditional design, effectively avoiding signal confusion in multi-user concurrent scenarios.

[0017] 4. Stable dual-band performance: Maintains good impedance matching (|S11|≤-10dB) and stable radiation characteristics in both the 2.4GHz and 5.5GHz target frequency bands, meeting the requirements of Wi-Fi 802.11b / g / n and Wi-Fi 802.11ac / ax protocols.

[0018] 5. High integration and simple process: It adopts a single-layer dielectric board and PCB integrated process, which has a compact structure, small space occupation, adapts to the miniaturization and thinning requirements of terminal devices, has low processing cost, and is suitable for large-scale mass production applications. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna according to the present invention; Figure 2 shows the current distribution of the antenna of the present invention, where (a) is the current distribution at 2.4 GHz and (b) is the current distribution at 5.5 GHz. Figure 3 The corresponding values ​​for the number of transverse dipoles in the antenna of this invention are 1 and 2. S Parameter curves; Figure 4 shows the radiation pattern of the antenna of the present invention, where (a) is the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna at a frequency of 2.4 GHz, (b) is the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna at a frequency of 2.4 GHz, (c) is the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna at a frequency of 5.5 GHz, and (d) is the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna at a frequency of 5.5 GHz. Figure 5 In the antenna of this invention S Parameter simulation diagram.

[0020] In the figure, 1. dielectric substrate, 2. feed port, 3. radiating element, 31. transverse dipole I, 32. transverse dipole II, 33. longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole I, 34. longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole II. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0023] Example This embodiment provides a single-port dual-band dual-polarization integrated antenna, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a dielectric substrate 1, a power supply port 2, and a radiation unit 3.

[0024] Among them, dielectric substrate 1 is made of FR4 material with a relative permittivity of 1000 kJ / m². ε r =4.4, thickness h =1.6mm, providing a stable bearing foundation for radiating element 3, ensuring the mechanical strength and electromagnetic performance stability of the antenna structure.

[0025] In this embodiment, the radiating unit 3 is specifically a composite structure of a transverse dipole and a longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole. Each component is a copper foil radiator. The radiating unit 3 and the dielectric board 1 are integrally formed by PCB process, which has strong process compatibility and is suitable for large-scale production. Specifically, it includes transverse dipole I31, transverse dipole II32, and longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole I33 and longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole II34.

[0026] Among them, transverse dipole I31 and transverse dipole II32 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of feed port 2, that is, transverse dipole I31 and transverse dipole II32 are symmetrically and parallelly distributed on both sides of feed port 2 and are not directly connected to feed port 2. The length of a single dipole arm is... L 1=17.5mm, arm width W =2mm, the dipole is half the wavelength in length, and it serves as the main radiator in the 2.4GHz band to excite horizontally polarized half-wave mode radiation; The longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole I33 and the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole II34 are arranged in a symmetrical closed ring around the feed port 2, that is, the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole I33 and the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole II34 are opposite each other at one end and are both connected to the feed port 2, such as Figure 1As shown, transverse dipole I31 is perpendicularly distributed to longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole I33, and transverse dipole II32 is perpendicularly distributed to longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole II34. The intersections formed by the perpendicular distributions are electrically connected; the long side of a single annular narrow strip... L 2=16.5mm, narrow side W 2=2.5mm, ring width d =0.4mm, with a ring length of 1 wavelength, conforming to the full-wave dipole resonance principle, and used as a radiator in the 5.5GHz band to excite vertically polarized full-wave mode radiation.

[0027] The power supply port 2 is a single-port structure, which is connected to the radiation unit 3 via a coaxial cable. The inner core of the cable is connected to the left metal part of the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole I33, and the outer core of the cable is connected to the right metal part of the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole II34. This connection method ensures that the single-port signal can simultaneously excite the dual-band radiation unit and realize dual-frequency dual-polarization synchronous operation.

[0028] In this embodiment, the dual transverse dipole structure plays a dual role: firstly, as the main radiator in the 2.4 GHz band; secondly, by forming a balanced feed network through a symmetrical layout, it adjusts the overall current distribution and input impedance of the antenna, achieving impedance matching with the longitudinal ring structure in the 5.5 GHz band, thus providing the necessary conditions for efficiently exciting high-frequency vertical polarization modes. Figure 3 As shown, it can be clearly seen that when using two symmetrical transverse dipoles, the 2.4GHz and 5.5GHz dual-band |S 11 |≤-10dB, good impedance matching. When using only one transverse dipole, the matching deteriorates, the resonant point shifts, and the dual-band operation fails; therefore, a symmetrical structure with two transverse dipoles is the key to achieving dual-band matching.

[0029] The working principle of the antenna in this embodiment is as follows: (1) 2.4GHz horizontal polarization excitation: At a frequency of 2.4GHz, sinusoidal currents are generated on transverse dipole I31 and transverse dipole II32, forming current antinodes at the midpoint of the dipole arm and nodes at both ends, which conforms to the current distribution characteristics of half-wave mode, thereby generating horizontal polarization radiation to ensure the signal coverage capability of this frequency band.

[0030] (2) 5.5GHz vertical polarization excitation: As shown in Figure 2, comparing Figure 2(a) and Figure 2(b), at the frequency of 5.5GHz, the current is mainly concentrated in the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole I33 and the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole II34. The current flows along the vertical direction of the ring and exhibits the typical characteristics of the full-wave mode. Clear current nodes and antinodes are formed at the positions of 0° (midpoint of the right long side), 90° (midpoint of the upper narrow side), 180° (midpoint of the left long side), and 270° (midpoint of the lower narrow side) of the annular structure, respectively. The positions of 0° and 180° are current antinodes, and the positions of 90° and 270° are current nodes. The phase difference between adjacent antinodes is π, which makes the annular structure form a superposition of electric fields in the vertical direction and cancel each other out in the horizontal direction, ultimately producing high-purity vertical polarization radiation.

[0031] (3) Cross-polarization suppression mechanism: The symmetrical design of the longitudinal ring narrow strip dipole enables the current of the two ring structures to be superimposed and enhanced in the vertical direction, while canceling the cross-polarization current in the horizontal direction; combined with the orthogonal characteristics of 2.4GHz horizontal polarization and 5.5GHz vertical polarization, it further blocks cross-polarization interference between frequency bands, and improves the cross-polarization discrimination XPD to more than 32dB, ensuring polarization purity.

[0032] As shown in Figures 4(a) to (d), the antenna in this embodiment has a circular H-plane radiation pattern and an 8-shaped E-plane radiation pattern, which conforms to the characteristics of a dipole radiation pattern. The main polarization component is much larger than the cross-polarization component, and the cross-polarization suppression effect is significant. Both frequency bands meet the radiation requirements for Wi-Fi coverage.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, it can be clearly seen that the antenna in this embodiment has obvious resonance peaks in both the 2.4GHz and 5.5GHz target frequency bands; dual-band |S 11 |≤-10dB, impedance matching meets engineering standards; dual-frequency operation can be achieved with a single port without a duplexer, verifying the effectiveness of the solution.

[0034] In summary, this invention provides a single-port dual-band dual-polarization integrated antenna that overcomes the technical bottlenecks of traditional multi-port solutions, meeting the demands of wireless terminals for antennas with high integration, low interference, and high polarization purity. Through innovative design of a single-port feed and composite radiation structure, combined with orthogonal polarization characteristics, it solves many shortcomings of traditional dual-band dual-polarization antennas, achieving the technical goals of high integration, low interference, and high polarization purity. This provides a high-performance antenna solution for wireless terminal devices such as Wi-Fi routers and IoT gateways, and has broad engineering application prospects.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0036] This article uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a feed port, and a radiating element. The dielectric substrate carries the radiating element and the feed port, and the feed port is electrically connected to the radiating element. The radiating element is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and includes two transverse dipoles and two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles. Two transverse dipoles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feed port and are separated from the feed port, for radiating horizontally polarized waves in the first frequency band; two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles are opposite each other at one end, and the opposite ends are both connected to the feed port, and the two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feed port, each longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole forming a closed annular loop for radiating vertically polarized waves in the second frequency band; The two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles are arranged perpendicularly to the two transverse dipoles and are electrically connected at the intersection point to form an integrated composite radiator.

2. The single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is an FR4 dielectric substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm.

3. The single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two transverse dipole structures have the same parameters. The arm length of a single transverse dipole is 17.5 mm and the arm width is 2 mm. The total length of a single transverse dipole is half the wavelength, which is used to excite horizontally polarized half-wave mode radiation in the 2.4 GHz band.

4. The single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole structures have the same parameters. Both are rectangular ring structures. The long side of a single longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole is 16.5 mm, the narrow side is 2.5 mm, and the ring width is 0.4 mm. The total length of the ring of a single longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole is 1 wavelength, which is used to excite vertically polarized full-wave mode radiation in the 5.5 GHz band.

5. A single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both of the transverse dipoles and both of the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles are copper-plated radiators.

6. A single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply port is a single-port structure and is connected to the radiating unit via a coaxial cable.

7. A single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, In the connecting cable of the power supply port, the inner core of the cable is connected to the left metal part of one of the longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles, and the outer core of the cable is connected to the right metal part of another longitudinal annular narrow strip dipole, which is used for the synchronous excitation of the dual-band radiation unit by a single port.

8. A single-port dual-frequency dual-polarization integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate, the two transverse dipoles, and the two longitudinal annular narrow strip dipoles are integrally formed using PCB technology.

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