Relay protection pressboard state on-line monitoring system based on internet of things data acquisition

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of smart grid operation and maintenance and power system automation control technology, specifically to an online monitoring system for relay protection pressure plate status based on Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition. The system includes: a data acquisition module for acquiring pressure plate pose and real-time operating status data of primary grid equipment; a semantic mapping module for mapping the pressure plate physical pose data to secondary protection logic status data; an association analysis module for constructing an association matrix; a logic verification module for generating status consistency verification results; and an operation and maintenance decision module that generates an operation interlock signal or risk alarm signal if the status consistency verification result indicates a logical conflict, and generates a system normal operation flag if the status consistency verification result indicates a valid logic. This invention effectively solves the problem of single sensors being susceptible to interference and having insufficient reliability in the strong electromagnetic environment of substations, ensuring that the original data input to the system has extremely high confidence and anti-interference capabilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smart grid operation and maintenance and power system automation control technology, specifically to an online monitoring system for the status of relay protection circuit boards based on Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the construction scale of smart substations, the operation mode of power systems is becoming increasingly complex, and the requirements for logical coordination between primary equipment and secondary relay protection devices are significantly increasing. As a bridge connecting the secondary circuit and the primary equipment, the activation and deactivation status of the relay protection pressure plate is directly related to the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] Currently, the status monitoring of substation relay protection circuit boards mainly relies on regular on-site inspections by maintenance personnel or sensor data acquisition based on a single principle. Maintenance personnel typically confirm the status of protection functions by visually observing the physical location of the circuit boards or checking the switching signals in the monitoring backend, and judge whether it matches the operating conditions of the primary equipment based on manual experience. However, traditional manual inspection methods are inefficient, cannot achieve real-time coverage around the clock, and are highly susceptible to the risk of incorrect or missed activation due to human error. Existing automated monitoring technologies often rely on a single data source, which is prone to sensor signal drift or false alarms in the strong electromagnetic interference environment of substations, resulting in insufficient accuracy of status perception. More importantly, existing technologies typically treat the operating condition data of primary power grid equipment and the activation / deactivation status data of secondary circuit boards as independent information silos, lacking an automatic correlation analysis mechanism for the coupling relationship between the two, making it difficult to detect serious logical conflicts such as primary equipment operating under energization while protection functions are deactivated in real time. Therefore, how to improve the anti-interference capability and accuracy of circuit board status acquisition, and achieve online monitoring and automatic verification of the logical consistency between the status of primary and secondary equipment, has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an online monitoring system for the status of relay protection circuit boards based on Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition. Specifically, the technical solution of this invention includes:

[0005] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the physical position and orientation data of the pressure plate at the substation site and the real-time operating status data of the primary equipment of the power grid.

[0006] The semantic mapping module is used to map the physical pose data of the pressure plate into secondary protection logic state data based on a preset secondary loop logic topology library.

[0007] The correlation analysis module is used to construct a primary-secondary state correlation matrix that reflects the coupling relationship between primary and secondary equipment based on the real-time operating condition data and the secondary protection logic status data.

[0008] The logic verification module is used to perform logic consistency verification on the primary-secondary state correlation matrix based on the relay protection principle model and generate state consistency verification results.

[0009] The operation and maintenance decision module is configured to: generate an operation lockout signal or a risk alarm signal if the state consistency verification result indicates a logical conflict; and generate a system normal operation flag if the state consistency verification result indicates a logically valid logic.

[0010] Preferably, the data acquisition module is used to acquire the physical position and orientation data of the pressure plate at the substation site and the real-time operating status data of the primary power grid equipment, including:

[0011] It calls upon the sensing signals collected by the IoT sensors deployed on the surface of the pressure plate, and calls upon the on-site images captured by the image acquisition device;

[0012] The inductive signal and the on-site image are subjected to dual-modal data verification to parse out the determined physical pose data of the pressure plate;

[0013] The circuit breaker and disconnector status is obtained from the energy management system through the communication interface, and the real-time operating status data of the primary equipment of the power grid is determined based on the circuit breaker and disconnector status.

[0014] Preferably, the semantic mapping module is used to map the physical pose data of the pressure plate into secondary protection logic state data based on a preset secondary loop logic topology library, including:

[0015] Call the physical pose data of the pressure plate and the logic topology library of the secondary circuit;

[0016] Retrieve the functional node corresponding to the physical pose data of the pressure plate from the secondary loop logic topology library;

[0017] Based on the connection relationship and on / off status of the functional nodes, determine the secondary protection logic status data of whether the protection function corresponding to the pressure plate is enabled or disabled.

[0018] Preferably, the correlation analysis module is used to construct a primary-secondary state correlation matrix reflecting the coupling relationship between primary and secondary equipment based on the real-time operating condition data and the secondary protection logic status data, including:

[0019] Call the real-time operating condition data and the secondary protection logic status data;

[0020] The real-time operating condition data is defined as a matrix row vector to represent the operation, maintenance or hot standby status of the primary equipment.

[0021] The secondary protection logic state data is defined as a matrix column vector to represent the engaged or disengaged state of the protection device function.

[0022] By associating and mapping the row vectors and column vectors of the matrix, a first- to second-order state correlation matrix containing all protection constraint relationships under the current power grid topology is generated.

[0023] Preferably, the logic verification module is used to perform logic consistency verification on the primary-secondary state correlation matrix based on the relay protection principle model, and generate a state consistency verification result, including:

[0024] Invoke the primary-secondary state correlation matrix and the preset relay protection principle model;

[0025] Traverse each state node in the first-to-second-order state correlation matrix and use the logical constraints defined by the relay protection principle model to determine the validity of the state node.

[0026] If the state node does not meet the logical constraints, a state consistency verification result indicating a logical conflict is generated.

[0027] If the state node satisfies the logical constraints, a state consistency verification result indicating that the logic is valid is generated.

[0028] Preferred options also include:

[0029] The anti-misoperation simulation module is used to simulate the virtual pressure plate state after the pre-operation command is executed, based on the current real-time operating condition data, when a pre-operation command is received.

[0030] The logic verification module is invoked to perform a logic collision analysis on the virtual pressure plate state.

[0031] If the analysis result is a logical conflict, then output an operation lockout signal;

[0032] If the analysis result is logically valid, then an operation enable signal is output.

[0033] Preferred options also include:

[0034] The panoramic visualization module is used to construct a visual monitoring view of the power grid's primary power flow and secondary protection logic superimposed on the primary-secondary state correlation matrix.

[0035] In the visual monitoring view, the areas where the state consistency verification results indicate logical conflicts are highlighted.

[0036] Preferably, dual-modal data verification is performed on the sensed signal and the on-site image to parse out the determined physical pose data of the pressure plate, including:

[0037] Determine whether the pose indicated by the sensing signal is consistent with the pose recognized by the on-site image;

[0038] If they match, the pose will be output as the determined physical pose data of the pressure plate.

[0039] If there is a discrepancy, a sensor fault self-check request is generated, and the physical pose data of the pressure plate is marked as pending verification.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. This invention effectively solves the problem of single sensors being susceptible to interference and having insufficient reliability in the strong electromagnetic environment of substations by using a dual-modal data verification mechanism of IoT sensors and field images; the system uses image recognition technology to cross-verify the sensor sensing signals, which can eliminate misjudgments caused by sensor drift or environmental interference; in conjunction with fault self-checking logic, it automatically isolates abnormal data, ensuring that the original data input to the system has extremely high confidence and anti-interference ability.

[0042] 2. This invention constructs a primary-secondary state correlation matrix that reflects the coupling relationship between primary and secondary equipment, breaking the information silo situation where the data of the two are independent in traditional monitoring; by dynamically associating and mapping the real-time operating conditions of the power grid with the logic state of secondary protection, the system can automatically identify serious logical conflicts such as the primary equipment being energized and the protection function being deactivated, realizing the paradigm shift of relay protection coordination status from manual experience judgment to digital real-time logic verification.

[0043] 3. This invention introduces a semantic mapping module, which eliminates the semantic gap between the physical pose of the pressure plate and the actual protection function. Based on the preset secondary circuit logic topology library, the system can automatically translate the underlying physical switch quantities into standardized logic state data, shielding the influence of wiring differences and non-standard naming of different devices. This standardized semantic processing not only improves the compatibility of the system, but also provides a clear and unified data foundation for subsequent logic consistency calculations.

[0044] 4. This invention establishes an active defense mechanism based on virtual simulation, moving the safety checkpoint forward. Before executing an operation, the system simulates the virtual state after the pre-operation based on the current operating conditions and performs logical collision analysis, which is equivalent to providing a trial-and-error space. If a potential logical conflict is detected, the system immediately generates a blocking signal, thereby solving the problem of serious misoperation accidents caused by human negligence and significantly improving the intrinsic safety level of the power system. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] Please see Figure 1 An online monitoring system for the status of relay protection pressure plates based on Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition includes:

[0050] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the physical position and orientation data of the pressure plate at the substation site and the real-time operating status data of the primary equipment of the power grid.

[0051] The semantic mapping module is used to map the physical pose data of the pressure plate into secondary protection logic state data based on a preset secondary loop logic topology library.

[0052] The correlation analysis module is used to construct a primary-secondary state correlation matrix that reflects the coupling relationship between primary and secondary equipment based on the real-time operating condition data and the secondary protection logic status data.

[0053] The logic verification module is used to perform logic consistency verification on the primary-secondary state correlation matrix based on the relay protection principle model and generate state consistency verification results.

[0054] The operation and maintenance decision module is configured to generate an operation lockout signal or a risk alarm signal if the status consistency verification result indicates a logical conflict.

[0055] If the state consistency verification result indicates that the logic is valid, a system normal operation flag is generated.

[0056] This embodiment details the overall architecture and data flow mechanism of the system, aiming to address the safety hazards caused by the disconnect between the status of primary equipment and the activation / deactivation status of secondary circuit boards in substation operation and maintenance. The system adopts a layered distributed deployment architecture. The data acquisition module, as the perception layer, is deployed between the station control layer network and the process layer network, achieving cross-safety zone data capture through opto-isolation devices. The semantic mapping module and the correlation analysis module, as core computing units, reside in the substation intelligent analysis server, utilizing a graph computing engine to handle complex topological relationships. The system initializes by loading the entire substation SCD configuration file, i.e., the substation configuration description file, which is a standardized XML file based on the IEC61850 standard, describing the primary system structure, secondary equipment configuration, and their relationships within the substation. It parses the connection relationships of primary equipment and the virtual terminal mappings of secondary circuits, constructing a basic logical topology library. The system then enters a real-time monitoring loop, with the data acquisition module refreshing the field data at millisecond intervals and sending it to the in-memory database.

[0057] Based on this, the semantic mapping module quickly locates the pressure plate ID through hash index, completing the translation from physical signal to logical semantics; the association analysis module dynamically refreshes the first-to-second-order state association matrix in memory, which serves as the core carrier of the digital twin and maps the coupling state of the physical world in real time; the operation and maintenance decision module drives the station-end five-prevention host or alarm bell to execute the corresponding security policy based on the Boolean value results output by the logic verification module.

[0058] This embodiment realizes a paradigm shift in relay protection status monitoring from manual inspection to digital real-time calculation by constructing a closed-loop control flow of perception-mapping-analysis-decision. In complex scenarios with frequent power grid switching operations, the system can keenly detect the risk of missed or incorrect switching of pressure plates due to human negligence, which is equivalent to equipping the substation with a tireless AI guardian, significantly improving the inherent safety level of the power system.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] The data acquisition module is used to acquire physical position and orientation data of the pressure plates at the substation site and real-time operating status data of primary power grid equipment, including:

[0061] It calls upon the sensing signals collected by the IoT sensors deployed on the surface of the pressure plate, and calls upon the on-site images captured by the image acquisition device;

[0062] The inductive signal and the field image are subjected to dual-modal data verification to parse out the physical position data of the pressure plate; the opening and closing status of the circuit breaker and disconnector is obtained from the energy management system through the communication interface, and the real-time operating status data of the primary equipment of the power grid is determined based on the opening and closing status.

[0063] This embodiment further specifies the underlying sensing logic of the data acquisition module, focusing on solving the problem of insufficient reliability of a single sensor in a strong electromagnetic environment. The module acquires the switching signal characterizing the on / off state of the pressure plate by using a passive RFID tag or Hall sensor deployed on the pressure plate handle. The source of this signal is the underlying hardware interrupt, and its physical meaning is the physical contact state of the pressure plate contacts. At the same time, an industrial-grade high-definition camera installed in front of the cabinet captures images of the pressure plate area at a fixed frame rate, and uses the computer vision algorithm built into the edge computing gateway to extract the angular features of the pressure plate.

[0064] The system executes dual-modal data verification logic to eliminate misjudgments caused by sensor drift or image illumination interference. Regarding the acquisition of primary equipment operating conditions, this module subscribes to remote signaling data from the station control layer EMS system via the MMS manufacturing message specification protocol. Specifically, the system monitors the position change signals of the circuit breaker and disconnector switch auxiliary nodes, and through preset logic gates, such as disconnector switch 1 being closed, disconnector switch 2 being closed, and the circuit breaker being closed, deduce the actual operating conditions of the line or transformer, such as operation, hot standby, or maintenance. This acquisition strategy based on multi-source heterogeneous data ensures that the raw data input to the system has extremely high confidence.

[0065] This embodiment effectively overcomes the shortcomings of traditional single sensors, which are susceptible to DC magnetic field interference and generate false alarms, by introducing a heterogeneous redundancy verification mechanism of sensor + vision. In scenarios where the DC system of a substation is grounded or the sensor is aging and drifting, the system can automatically shield false displacement signals, avoiding unnecessary trips for maintenance personnel due to false alarms and ensuring the accuracy and robustness of status perception.

[0066] Example 3:

[0067] The semantic mapping module is used to map the physical pose data of the pressure plate into secondary protection logic state data based on a preset secondary loop logic topology library, including:

[0068] Call the physical pose data of the pressure plate and the logic topology library of the secondary loop; retrieve the functional node corresponding to the physical pose data of the pressure plate from the logic topology library of the secondary loop;

[0069] Based on the connection relationship and on / off status of the functional nodes, determine the secondary protection logic status data of whether the protection function corresponding to the pressure plate is enabled or disabled.

[0070] This embodiment is a further specification of the internal processing flow of the semantic mapping module, aiming to eliminate the semantic gap between physical devices and logical functions; the process relies on a pre-built secondary loop logic topology library based on the graph database Neo4j, which defines the node connection relationship between pressure plate entity, terminal, cable and protection device;

[0071] To fully disclose the construction method of this library, this embodiment specifically performs the following steps: System initialization loads the full-site SCD configuration file based on the IEC61850 standard, and uses an XML parser to traverse the tag definition device nodes. Parse and extract the virtual terminal mapping relationship from the labels, and define the logical connection edges. Define node labels in the graph database. , in SCD Attribute mapping to node attributes The Cypher statement is used to establish the physical connection path between the pressure plate entity, the terminal, and the protection device, thereby constructing the basic logic topology library.

[0072] Based on this, the system enters the real-time monitoring phase, receiving the determined physical pose data of the pressure plate and extracting the unique device identifier (UUID) contained therein; the query engine traverses the topology library to search for pressure plate nodes that match the UUID; the algorithm traces backward along the control edges in the graph until it locates the specific protection function node, such as the activation of longitudinal differential protection; based on this, the system derives the final logical state of the protection function according to the on / off state of the physical pressure plate and the logical operation rules of the series circuit, such as the requirement that the hard pressure plate be closed and the soft pressure plate be set to 1 simultaneously; the system encapsulates this abstract logical state into a standardized data object, providing semantically clear input for subsequent matrix calculations;

[0073] This embodiment achieves automated translation from physical location to functional semantics through graph traversal technology. In the scenario of existing substations with a wide variety of protection device models and non-standardized pressure plate naming, this solution can shield the differences in underlying hardware and output standardized logical states in a unified manner, so that upper-layer applications do not need to care about specific wiring details, which greatly improves the system's compatibility and scalability.

[0074] Example 4:

[0075] The correlation analysis module is used to construct a primary-secondary state correlation matrix reflecting the coupling relationship between primary and secondary equipment based on the real-time operating condition data and the secondary protection logic status data, including:

[0076] Call the real-time operating condition data and the secondary protection logic status data; define the real-time operating condition data as a matrix row vector to represent the operation, maintenance or hot standby status of the primary equipment;

[0077] The secondary protection logic state data is defined as a matrix column vector, representing the activation or deactivation status of the protection device function; by associating and mapping the matrix row vector with the matrix column vector, a primary-secondary state correlation matrix containing all protection constraint relationships under the current power grid topology is generated.

[0078] This embodiment further specifies the core algorithm of the correlation analysis module, structuring the complex power grid coupling relationships using linear algebra. This step defines the primary equipment state vector as follows:

[0079]

[0080] in, The total number of devices is determined at one time, and the status quantification rules are made public. : Assign a value in response to the primary equipment being in operation or hot standby state, i.e., energized state. ; In response to the primary equipment being in a maintenance state, i.e., a power outage state, assign a value. This rule aims to binarize multi-state operating conditions into a risk baseline of energized / unenergized conditions; simultaneously, it defines the secondary protection state vector as follows:

[0081]

[0082] in, To protect the total number of functions, quantification rules are implemented. : Assigning values ​​in response to feature implementation ; In response to function exit, assign a value ;

[0083] Prior to this, the system defined the first- and second-order topological correlation coefficients. : Call the secondary loop logic topology library in the semantic mapping module to query the first The first primary equipment node and the first Does a logical connection edge or reachable path exist between the protection function nodes? In response to the existence of a connection, assign a value. ; In response to the absence of a connection, assign a value Thus, a site-wide topology association mask matrix is ​​constructed. The system constructs a first- and second-order state correlation matrix. , where matrix elements The generation follows a weighted composition formula:

[0084]

[0085] This formula introduces a bias constant of 1 to numerically separate effectively correlated states from uncorrelated states. Calculation results The physical semantic mapping relationship update is defined as follows:

[0086] ,Right now : Indicates no physical connection, so it can be ignored.

[0087] ,Right now The equipment is out of power and the protection is off, which corresponds to a normal maintenance state.

[0088] ,Right now The equipment is powered off but the protection is activated, which corresponds to the redundant state of the maintenance logic. It is necessary to verify whether it was mistakenly activated.

[0089] ,Right now The equipment is energized but the protection is deactivated, which corresponds to a high-risk operating state, i.e., an illegal logic.

[0090] ,Right now The equipment is energized and its protection is activated, corresponding to the normal operating state; the final generated matrix Through the above encoding mechanism, the entire station's primary and secondary coordination panorama at the current moment is fully digitized.

[0091] Example 5:

[0092] The logic verification module is used to perform logic consistency verification on the primary-secondary state correlation matrix based on the relay protection principle model, and generate state consistency verification results, including:

[0093] Invoke the primary-secondary state correlation matrix and the preset relay protection principle model;

[0094] Traverse each state node in the first-to-second-order state correlation matrix and use the logical constraints defined by the relay protection principle model to determine the validity of the state node.

[0095] If the state node does not meet the logical constraints, a state consistency verification result indicating a logical conflict is generated.

[0096] If the state node satisfies the logical constraints, a state consistency verification result indicating that the logic is valid is generated.

[0097] This embodiment further specifies the rule reasoning process of the logic verification module; to solve the problem of ambiguous variable indexes in the verification rules, this embodiment discloses a function category indexing mechanism: the attribute label vector generated by the system calling the semantic mapping module. ,in, Storage number Category codes for protection functions, such as Indicates main protection, Indicates export pressure plate, Indicates this line protection, Indicates bypass protection;

[0098] Based on this vector, define a dynamic index set: the primary protection index set. Export pressure plate index set ; Local / Bypass Protection Index Set ;

[0099] Based on this, the "Relay Protection Operation Procedures" will be transformed into executable algebraic constraint rules. :

[0100] Running the main insurance mandatory investment rule For any single device and associated main protection If the equipment is running, that is Then the main protection must be activated, that is... ;

[0101]

[0102] Maintenance and Anti-malfunction Rules For any single device and associated export pressure plate If the equipment is under maintenance, that is Then the outlet pressure plate must be withdrawn, that is ;

[0103]

[0104] Mutual exclusion operation rule c3: When bypass operation is in operation, the protection of this line is mutually exclusive with the specific bypass protection state corresponding to this line;

[0105] The system establishes a set of mutually exclusive indexes based on topology connections. Line protection and bypass protection belong to the same interval logic group.

[0106] ;

[0107] Constraints are defined as: ;

[0108] The system initiates a traversal program, scanning the association matrix one by one. The non-empty elements in; for each element, using the above method... Precise index substitution rule set for vector positioning Perform a matching judgment; if the calculation result is not 0, it is judged as a logical conflict and the index coordinates of the violation are recorded.

[0109] Example 6:

[0110] This system also includes:

[0111] The anti-misoperation simulation module is used to simulate the virtual pressure plate state after the pre-operation command is executed, based on the current real-time operating condition data, when a pre-operation command is received.

[0112] The logic verification module is invoked to perform a logic collision analysis on the virtual pressure plate state; if the analysis result is a logic conflict, an operation lockout signal is output; if the analysis result is a logic valid, an operation allow signal is output.

[0113] This embodiment extends the system's proactive defense function by introducing a sandbox simulation mechanism. The module's workflow begins with receiving a pre-operation command from maintenance personnel via the backend, such as fitting the L1 line reclosing gate. The system allocates an independent buffer in memory, copying a snapshot of the current real-time data. Within the buffer, the corresponding gate state variables are modified to construct a virtual gate state for future moments, while keeping other real-time operating condition data unchanged. Based on this, the system calls the logic verification module to perform a logic collision analysis on this dataset containing the virtual state, i.e., the consistency of the system after the pre-operation simulation. In response to a logic conflict indicated by the analysis results, such as the reclosing operation violating countermeasures under the current operating condition, the system outputs a high-priority operation interlock signal, directly cutting off the power supply to the control loop of the operating handle or displaying a modal warning window on the HMI interface. In response to a valid analysis result, an operation permission signal is output, releasing the software interlock.

[0114] This embodiment introduces a pre-emptive simulation mechanism to move the safety checkpoint forward. During the execution of the operation ticket, this technology provides a trial-and-error space to ensure that any operation instructions actually issued to the physical equipment are logically verified net instructions, thereby fundamentally eliminating the occurrence of serious misoperation accidents.

[0115] Example 7:

[0116] This system also includes:

[0117] The panoramic visualization module is used to construct a visual monitoring view of the power grid's primary power flow and secondary protection logic superimposed on the primary-secondary state correlation matrix.

[0118] In the visual monitoring view, the areas where the state consistency verification results indicate logical conflicts are highlighted.

[0119] This embodiment is a concretization of the system's human-computer interaction interface, aiming to improve the readability and intuitiveness of information; this module uses HTML5Canvas or WebGL technology to render a visual monitoring view; the system draws the primary wiring diagram of the power grid as the base map to show the topology of equipment such as busbars and switches; using layer overlay technology, the secondary protection logic status data is mapped into visual elements and overlaid on the corresponding primary equipment, such as displaying the associated protection pressure plate icon next to the circuit breaker;

[0120] Based on this, the module reads the status consistency verification result in real time. In response to the detection of logical conflict, the system calls the rendering engine to modify the pixel attributes of the corresponding area, uses high-saturation red for highlighting, and dynamically flashes at a frequency of 2Hz. At the same time, the conflict details panel automatically expands in the sidebar of the view to display the specific rule clauses violated.

[0121] This embodiment breaks down the information barriers between traditional SCADA systems and power grid security systems through a primary-secondary fusion visualization presentation. In the tense atmosphere of accident handling or emergency switching operations, dispatchers do not need to switch back and forth between multiple screens and can see at a glance the impact of the pressure plate status on the power grid operation. This intuitive information presentation method significantly reduces the cognitive load of personnel and improves the efficiency of emergency decision-making.

[0122] Example 8:

[0123] The inductive signal and the on-site image are subjected to dual-modal data verification to parse the determined physical pose data of the pressure plate, including:

[0124] Determine whether the pose indicated by the sensing signal is consistent with the pose recognized by the on-site image;

[0125] If they match, the pose will be output as the determined physical pose data of the pressure plate.

[0126] If there is a discrepancy, a sensor fault self-check request is generated, and the physical pose data of the pressure plate is marked as pending verification.

[0127] This embodiment provides a mathematical expression and detailed process for the dual-modal verification logic, aiming to establish a rigorous data cleaning mechanism; this step defines the discrete state values ​​acquired by the sensor as variables. Its source is RFID or Hall sensor, and its value is 0 or 1. The state value output by the image recognition algorithm is a variable. Its source is the CV algorithm, and its value is either 0 or 1. Specifically, the CV algorithm outputs the original confidence probability. The system performs a binarization operation: if ,but ;otherwise The system's verification function is as follows:

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] in: This is a consistency deviation. The final output is the determined physical pose data of the pressure plate; in response to the calculated If the value equals 0, the system determines that the current perceived data is reliable and directly... Write to the real-time database; respond to If the value is not equal to 0, the system determines that a perception conflict has occurred, immediately suspends the current data update operation, triggers a sensor fault self-check request, sends an abnormal data packet with a verification tag to the operation and maintenance terminal, and attaches a screenshot of the current site for manual review; this logic actually constitutes a data quality firewall to prevent contaminated data from entering the subsequent logical analysis stage.

[0131] This embodiment achieves self-purification of source data by constructing a gating mechanism based on deviation calculation. In abnormal operating conditions such as sensor failure or camera obstruction, the system can actively identify and isolate dirty data instead of blindly accepting it. This defensive design greatly reduces the false alarm rate of the system and reflects the ultimate pursuit of high reliability in industrial-grade control systems.

[0132] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online monitoring system for the status of relay protection pressure plates based on Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the physical position and orientation data of the pressure plate at the substation site and the real-time operating status data of the primary equipment of the power grid. The semantic mapping module is used to map the physical pose data of the pressure plate into secondary protection logic state data based on a preset secondary loop logic topology library. The correlation analysis module is used to construct a primary-secondary state correlation matrix that reflects the coupling relationship between primary and secondary equipment based on the real-time operating condition data and the secondary protection logic status data. The logic verification module is used to perform logic consistency verification on the primary-secondary state correlation matrix based on the relay protection principle model and generate state consistency verification results. The operation and maintenance decision module is configured to: generate an operation lockout signal or a risk alarm signal if the state consistency verification result indicates a logical conflict; and generate a system normal operation flag if the state consistency verification result indicates a logically valid logic.

2. The online monitoring system for relay protection circuit board status based on Internet of Things data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module is used to acquire the physical position and orientation data of the pressure plates at the substation site and the real-time operating status data of the primary power grid equipment, including: It calls upon the sensing signals collected by the IoT sensors deployed on the surface of the pressure plate, and calls upon the on-site images captured by the image acquisition device; The inductive signal and the on-site image are subjected to dual-modal data verification to parse out the determined physical pose data of the pressure plate; The circuit breaker and disconnector status is obtained from the energy management system through the communication interface, and the real-time operating status data of the primary equipment of the power grid is determined based on the circuit breaker and disconnector status.

3. The online monitoring system for relay protection circuit board status based on Internet of Things data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The semantic mapping module is used to map the physical pose data of the pressure plate into secondary protection logic state data based on a preset secondary loop logic topology library, including: Call the physical pose data of the pressure plate and the logic topology library of the secondary circuit; Retrieve the functional node corresponding to the physical pose data of the pressure plate from the secondary loop logic topology library; Based on the connection relationship and on / off status of the functional nodes, determine the secondary protection logic status data of whether the protection function corresponding to the pressure plate is enabled or disabled.

4. The online monitoring system for relay protection circuit board status based on Internet of Things data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The correlation analysis module is used to construct a primary-secondary state correlation matrix reflecting the coupling relationship between primary and secondary equipment based on the real-time operating condition data and the secondary protection logic status data, including: Call the real-time operating condition data and the secondary protection logic status data; The real-time operating condition data is defined as a matrix row vector to represent the operation, maintenance or hot standby status of the primary equipment. The secondary protection logic state data is defined as a matrix column vector to represent the engaged or disengaged state of the protection device function. By associating and mapping the row vectors and column vectors of the matrix, a first- to second-order state correlation matrix containing all protection constraint relationships under the current power grid topology is generated.

5. The online monitoring system for relay protection pressure plate status based on Internet of Things data acquisition according to claim 4, characterized in that, The logic verification module is used to perform logical consistency verification on the primary-secondary state correlation matrix based on the relay protection principle model, and generate state consistency verification results, including: Invoke the primary-secondary state correlation matrix and the preset relay protection principle model; Traverse each state node in the first-to-second-order state correlation matrix and use the logical constraints defined by the relay protection principle model to determine the validity of the state node. If the state node does not meet the logical constraints, a state consistency verification result indicating a logical conflict is generated. If the state node satisfies the logical constraints, a state consistency verification result indicating that the logic is valid is generated.

6. The online monitoring system for relay protection circuit board status based on Internet of Things data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The anti-misoperation simulation module is used to simulate the virtual pressure plate state after the pre-operation command is executed, based on the current real-time operating condition data, when a pre-operation command is received. The logic verification module is invoked to perform a logic collision analysis on the virtual pressure plate state. If the analysis result is a logical conflict, then output an operation lockout signal; If the analysis result is logically valid, then an operation enable signal is output.

7. The online monitoring system for relay protection circuit board status based on Internet of Things data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The panoramic visualization module is used to construct a visual monitoring view of the power grid's primary power flow and secondary protection logic superimposed on the primary-secondary state correlation matrix. In the visual monitoring view, the areas where the state consistency verification results indicate logical conflicts are highlighted.

8. The online monitoring system for relay protection pressure plate status based on Internet of Things data acquisition according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of performing dual-modal data verification on the sensed signal and the on-site image to parse the determined physical pose data of the pressure plate includes: Determine whether the pose indicated by the sensing signal is consistent with the pose recognized by the on-site image; If they match, the pose will be output as the determined physical pose data of the pressure plate. If there is a discrepancy, a sensor fault self-check request is generated, and the physical pose data of the pressure plate is marked as pending verification.

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