Power line power pickup measurement circuit, method, and apparatus

Abstract

This application provides a power extraction measurement circuit, method, and device for transmission lines. The circuit includes an inductive power extraction coil, a measurement circuit, a control module, a first energy storage module, a switch module, a transformer module, and a locking circuit. The inductive power extraction coil is connected to the primary side of the measurement circuit, and the secondary side of the measurement circuit is connected to the control module. If the control module receives a target measurement command and the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than a preset voltage threshold, the control module locks the output of the switch module through the locking circuit. The first energy storage module stores energy, and the transformer module stops electromagnetic energy transfer until the voltage of the first energy storage module reaches the preset voltage threshold. Then, the target measurement command is executed. After the target test command is completed, if the voltage of the first energy storage module reaches the preset voltage threshold, the output of the switch module is opened through the locking circuit, and the transformer module resumes electromagnetic energy transfer. This improves measurement accuracy and reduces the weight and size of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of online monitoring technology for power transmission lines, and in particular to a power supply measurement circuit, method, and device for power transmission lines. Background Technology

[0002] Transmission lines span large distances and are widely distributed, with complex and variable terrain and climate, and freezing and snow damage occur frequently. Based on this, power measurement equipment for transmission lines, such as conductor ice-observation devices, has been deployed extensively, effectively improving ice observation results and facilitating timely handling by maintenance personnel.

[0003] In related technologies, conductor ice observation equipment typically involves two sets of magnetic core coils for power supply and measurement, resulting in a large weight and size of the equipment and making assembly difficult. Furthermore, the solution in related technologies that directly abandons the measurement magnetic core coil leads to low accuracy in measuring data such as transmission line current. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a power supply measurement circuit, method, and device for power transmission lines, which can reduce the weight and volume of the power supply measurement device for power transmission lines while ensuring the accuracy of power transmission line data measurement.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a power extraction and measurement circuit for a transmission line, comprising: an inductive power extraction coil, a measurement circuit, a control module, a first energy storage module, a switch module, a transformer module, and a lockout circuit; the inductive power extraction coil is connected to the primary side of the measurement circuit, and the secondary side of the measurement circuit is connected to the control module;

[0006] When the control module receives a target measurement command, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than a preset voltage threshold, the control module will lock the output of the switch module through the lockout circuit so that the first energy storage module can store energy and the transformer module can stop electromagnetic energy transfer. When the voltage of the first energy storage module is equal to or greater than the preset voltage threshold, the control module will perform measurement according to the target measurement command.

[0007] After the target measurement command is executed, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control module opens the output of the switch module through the interlocking circuit so that the transformer module can transfer electromagnetic energy.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a protection module; one end of the protection module is connected to the primary side of the measurement circuit, and the other end is connected to the first energy storage module;

[0009] The protection module includes at least one of the following: an air discharge tube protection circuit, an overvoltage thyristor discharge circuit, a varistor discharge circuit, a transient voltage suppressor discharge circuit, and a common-mode inductor protection circuit.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a rectifier module; one end of the rectifier module is connected to the protection module, the other end is connected to the first energy storage module, and the third end is connected to the switch module; the rectifier module includes an uncontrollable rectifier circuit or a controllable rectifier circuit.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a current limiting module; the current limiting module is connected to both the switch module and the transformer module; the current limiting module is used to output a current sampling signal to the switch module.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a voltage regulator module; the voltage regulator module is connected to both the switch module and the transformer module; the voltage regulator module includes a rectifier filter circuit and an opto-isolation circuit.

[0013] The opto-isolation circuit is used to receive the DC output voltage and output the voltage feedback result to the switching module; the switching module is used to receive the voltage feedback result and output the on / off signal to the transformer module.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the transformer module includes a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding, wherein the first winding is an input terminal, and the second and third windings are output terminals; the first winding is connected to a current limiting module, the second winding is connected to a voltage regulating module, and the third winding is connected to the switching module; the transformer module is used to receive the on / off signal output by the switching module to transmit electromagnetic energy.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the latching circuit is an AND gate circuit; the input terminal of the latching circuit is connected to the control module and the switch module; the output terminal of the latching circuit is connected to the transformer module.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the target measurement command includes at least one of a calibration command, a timing measurement command, or an active measurement command;

[0017] The control module is used to acquire current data of the target period according to the target measurement command and output the target current data.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a second energy storage module and a power management module; the power management module is connected to the control module and the voltage regulator module; the second energy storage module is connected to the control module; the power management module includes an energy discharge circuit.

[0019] The control module receives the voltage information of the second energy storage module, and when the voltage information meets the first preset voltage condition, it outputs an energy discharge signal to the power management module to turn on the energy discharge circuit.

[0020] When the voltage information meets the second preset voltage condition, the control module stops outputting the energy discharge signal to the power management module and outputs the energy storage signal to the second energy storage module.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a current classification control module; one end of the current classification control module is connected to the power management module, and the other end is connected to the second energy storage module.

[0022] The current grading control module includes multiple current limiting control circuits; the control module outputs a current limiting control signal to the current grading control module according to the transmission line current;

[0023] The current grading control module is used to receive the current limiting control signal sent by the control module and to turn on the current limiting control circuit corresponding to the current limiting control signal.

[0024] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a power supply measurement method for transmission lines, applied to the power supply measurement circuit for transmission lines described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0025] When the control module receives a target measurement command, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than a preset voltage threshold, the control module will lock the output of the switch module based on the lockout circuit, so that the first energy storage module can store energy and the transformer module can stop electromagnetic energy transfer. When the voltage of the first energy storage module is equal to or greater than the preset voltage threshold, the control module will perform measurement according to the target measurement command.

[0026] After the target measurement command is executed, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control module opens the output of the switch module through the interlocking circuit so that the transformer module can transfer electromagnetic energy.

[0027] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a power supply measurement device for transmission lines, including the power supply measurement circuit for transmission lines as described in any of the first aspects.

[0028] The transmission line power extraction measurement circuit, method, and device provided in this application embodiment include an inductive power extraction coil, a measurement circuit, a control module, a first energy storage module, a switch module, a transformer module, and a locking circuit. The inductive power extraction coil is connected to the primary side of the measurement circuit, and the secondary side of the measurement circuit is connected to the control module. When the control module receives a target measurement command, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than a preset voltage threshold, the control module locks the output of the switch module through the locking circuit, so that the first energy storage module stores energy and the transformer module stops electromagnetic energy transfer. If the voltage of the first energy storage module is equal to or greater than the preset voltage threshold, the control module performs measurement according to the target measurement command. After the target measurement command is executed, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control module unlocks the output of the switch module through the locking circuit, so that the transformer module transfers electromagnetic energy. In this application, the power acquisition and measurement circuit for transmission lines eliminates the measuring magnetic core and measuring coil, adopting an integrated power acquisition and measurement architecture. This reduces the weight, size, and assembly difficulty of the power acquisition and measurement equipment for transmission lines. When measuring the transmission line, energy is stored when the voltage of the first energy storage module is low, and the transformer module stops power output, which reduces the impact of load fluctuations on the accuracy of current acquisition. When the voltage of the first energy storage module is high, the transformer module performs electromagnetic energy transfer, which avoids the situation where magnetic saturation affects the accuracy of current measurement and improves the accuracy of current measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a power supply measurement circuit for a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another power supply measurement circuit for a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a power supply measurement circuit for a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a graded control charging circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 5A circuit diagram of a control module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic flowchart illustrating a power sampling measurement method for a transmission line, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement process of a power supply measurement device for a power transmission line, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0037] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments and drawings described herein are merely for explaining this application and are not intended to limit this application. It should be emphasized that "A and B connection" in this application can refer to a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B based on other modules. For example, the cases of A and C connection, and C and B connection, also fall under the category of "A and B connection" in this application.

[0039] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Furthermore, the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0040] Due to the uneven distribution of energy resources, transmission lines typically span large distances and are widely distributed, traversing mountains, valleys, basins, and plains. The terrain and climate are complex and varied, making freezing and snow damage to transmission lines a frequent occurrence. Manual inspections allow maintenance personnel to better understand ice conditions, demonstrating strong initiative and ensuring timely handling of anomalies. For example, image monitoring of transmission line icing is a commonly used method. Image monitoring equipment is generally deployed on towers, making installation relatively convenient. Powered by solar energy, the equipment allows for relatively direct observation of icing conditions on towers or transmission lines using fixed-focus or zoom lenses.

[0041] However, in recent years, with the frequent occurrence of snow and ice disasters and dense fog in various regions, higher requirements have been placed on conductor ice monitoring. In foggy conditions, it is necessary to observe the icing situation of nearby conductors, and in fog-free conditions, it is necessary to observe the icing situation of the entire conductor span. Based on this, conductor ice monitoring equipment with better icing effects (such as conductor ice monitoring devices) has been widely deployed. These devices are mounted on transmission lines and can extract energy through induction, using measuring coils to measure the current information in the transmission line. This facilitates the tracking and analysis of the operating status of the conductor ice monitoring equipment, thereby improving its operational stability and enhancing the early warning level of the transmission line.

[0042] In related technologies, power transmission line ice observation equipment, which is a type of power measurement device, typically includes a measuring coil and an energy extraction coil. A microprocessor (MCU) detects the AC and DC signals obtained from the measuring coil and the energy extraction coil, respectively, and controls them through a DC protection circuit, so that the current-powered power supply can operate safely, stably and reliably for a long time under wide range and high current input conditions.

[0043] The power extraction and measurement equipment for transmission lines in related technologies consists of two sets of magnetic cores and coils for power extraction and measurement. Although the energy extraction efficiency and current measurement accuracy are relatively high, the equipment cost is high and the equipment weight is large. When manually going up the line for power outages or equipotential installation, it is inconvenient to carry, difficult to install, and difficult to maintain, which to some extent affects the deployment of conductor ice observation equipment.

[0044] Although conductor ice monitoring equipment can be mounted on drones, the relatively large weight of such equipment typically necessitates the use of larger drones. However, these larger drones are inconvenient to carry and present significant limitations in mountainous and other geographically challenging environments. Furthermore, while some attempts to reduce the overall weight and size of the equipment have involved eliminating the measuring magnetic core and integrating it with the electromagnetizing core, this integrated design negatively impacts power extraction efficiency and measurement accuracy, resulting in lower precision in measuring data such as transmission line current.

[0045] Therefore, for conductor ice observation equipment in related technologies, how to reduce the weight and volume of power supply measurement equipment for transmission lines while ensuring the accuracy of transmission line data measurement is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0046] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a power extraction measurement circuit, method, and device for transmission lines. The power extraction measurement circuit includes an induction coil, with the primary side of the measurement circuit connected to this coil. The secondary side of the measurement circuit is connected to a control module for sampling. By eliminating the measurement core and coil and adopting an integrated power extraction and measurement architecture, this application reduces the weight, size, and assembly difficulty of the power extraction measurement device for transmission lines. Furthermore, during transmission line measurement, when the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than a preset voltage threshold, the control module locks the output of the switch module through a lockout circuit, storing energy through the first energy storage module and stopping the transformer module from extracting power. This reduces the impact of load fluctuations on current acquisition accuracy. When the voltage of the first energy storage module is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control module unlocks the output of the switch module through the lockout circuit, allowing the transformer module to transfer electromagnetic energy. This avoids magnetic saturation affecting current measurement accuracy and improves current measurement accuracy.

[0047] The following detailed description of the solution presented in this application is provided through specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments may exist independently or in combination with each other; identical or similar content will not be repeated in different embodiments.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply measurement circuit for a power transmission line, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the power extraction and measurement circuit of the transmission line includes an induction power extraction coil, a measurement circuit, a control module, a first energy storage module, a switch module, a transformer module, and a blocking circuit.

[0049] The induction power extraction coil is connected to the primary side of the measurement circuit, and the secondary side of the measurement circuit is connected to the control module. The measurement circuit is connected to the first energy storage module, and the transformer module is connected to the first energy storage module, the interlocking circuit, and the switch module. The interlocking circuit is connected to the control module, the switch module, and the transformer module.

[0050] In this embodiment, the inductive power-taking coil is an integrated power-taking and measurement magnetic core coil. Specifically, the magnetic core of the inductive power-taking coil can be two semi-circular rings with closed, seamless sections, and the coil is wound around one of the semi-circular ring magnetic cores. This inductive power-taking coil is connected to the primary side of the measurement circuit, that is, the primary side of the current transformer in the measurement circuit is connected in series in the power-taking circuit. The secondary side of the measurement circuit is connected to the analog / digital (AD) sampling terminal of the control module after resistance sampling and signal amplification. In this way, the power-taking and measurement circuit of the transmission line in this application adopts an integrated power-taking and measurement design. The power-taking circuit does not affect the measurement, which can improve the measurement accuracy, reduce the cost and circuit control difficulty, solve the problem of mutual interference of magnetic flux between two coils in one magnetic core, and also solve the problem of open circuit of the time-sharing gap transformer coil and the problem of measurement affecting power taking, thus improving the reliability of the circuit; at the same time, it can also reduce the weight, volume and assembly difficulty of the power-taking and measurement equipment for the transmission line.

[0051] When the control module receives the target measurement command, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than the preset voltage threshold, the control module will lock the output of the switch module through the interlocking circuit so that the first energy storage module can store energy and the transformer module can stop the electromagnetic energy transfer. When the voltage of the first energy storage module is equal to or greater than the preset voltage threshold, the control module will perform the measurement according to the target measurement command.

[0052] After the target measurement command is executed, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control module opens the output of the switch module through the interlocking circuit so that the transformer module can transfer electromagnetic energy.

[0053] In this embodiment, the target measurement command may refer to the transmission line data measurement command received by the control module. The preset voltage threshold may refer to a pre-set voltage threshold value. The first energy storage module may include a voltage sampling circuit, which can output a voltage sampling signal (e.g., VCAP1_ADC) of the first energy storage module to the control module. The control module can determine the relationship between the voltage of the first energy storage module and the preset voltage threshold based on the voltage sampling signal.

[0054] Specifically, when the power extraction and measurement circuit of the transmission line receives a target measurement command to measure transmission line parameters, such as detecting the current data of the transmission line, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than a preset voltage threshold, the control module can lock the output of the switch module through a lockout circuit, causing the transformer module to stop extracting power and store energy in the first energy storage module until its voltage reaches the preset voltage threshold. Then, the control module performs data measurement based on the target measurement command. This reduces the impact of load fluctuations on current acquisition accuracy, improving current measurement accuracy without affecting power extraction capacity. After the target measurement command is executed, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control module can open (or release) the output of the lockout switch module through the lockout switch, allowing the transformer module to extract power. This solves the problem of magnetic saturation affecting current measurement accuracy, achieving integrated control of energy extraction and measurement, and improving the data measurement accuracy of the transmission line.

[0055] It should be emphasized that the modules included in the accompanying drawings of this application should not be regarded as a limitation on the power supply measurement circuit of the transmission line in this application. That is, the power supply measurement circuit of the transmission line may also include other modules to achieve the corresponding functions, and the specific configuration can be made according to actual needs.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another power supply measurement circuit for a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply measurement circuit for a transmission line, provided as an embodiment of this application. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 2 , Figure 3 This application describes the specific modules and circuit structure involved in the power supply measurement circuit for transmission lines.

[0057] like Figure 2The power supply measurement circuit shown includes an induction coil, a measurement circuit, a protection module, a rectifier module, a first energy storage module, a transformer module, a current limiting module, a voltage stabilizing module, a switch module, a control module, a power management module, a current grading control module, and a second energy storage module. The induction coil is connected to the primary side of the measurement circuit, and the secondary side of the measurement circuit, after resistor sampling and amplification, is connected to the control module. The other end of the primary side of the measurement circuit is sequentially connected to the protection module, rectifier module, first energy storage module, transformer module, current limiting module, and voltage stabilizing module. The voltage stabilizing module, current limiting module, and the other winding of the transformer are respectively connected to the switch module. The third end of the voltage stabilizing module is connected to the power management module. One end of the power management module is connected to the current grading control module, and the other end is connected to the control module. The output of the current grading control module is connected to the second energy storage module, and the second energy storage module is connected to the control module. The control module is connected to one input of a blocking circuit, the other input of which is connected to the switch module, and its output is connected to a set of coils (windings) of the transformer.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the inductive power-taking coil interface CN0301 is used to draw power from the transmission line. The measurement circuit includes a current transformer T0301, a sampling resistor R0301, and an amplifier circuit U0302. The primary side of the current transformer T0301 is connected in series with the power-taking circuit, and the secondary side, together with the sampling resistor R0301, forms a measurement AC voltage. This AC voltage is level-up by a DC 1.5V reference voltage (VREF_1V5) to ensure that all AC voltage values ​​are positive. After being amplified by the U0302 amplifier circuit, it is sent to the control module for AD sampling and calculation. Figure 3 The current acquisition signal is obtained from the circuit. The amplification factor A of U0302 is... CURRENT_ADC Specifically, it can be:

[0059] A CURRENT_ADC =(1+R0308 / R0306)*U +IN

[0060] Among them, U +IN =(U R0301 *R0304+1.5*R0303) / (R0303+R0304), U +IN U is the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal. R0301 This is the voltage across the sampling resistor R0301. Thus, in this application, the primary side of the current transformer in the power extraction measurement circuit for transmission lines is connected in series in the power extraction circuit. Compared to a parallel circuit, this reduces the impact of power extraction on the measurement and improves measurement accuracy. Simultaneously, the integrated power extraction measurement magnetic core coil reduces equipment weight, size, and assembly difficulty while ensuring measurement accuracy, thereby lowering equipment costs.

[0061] It should be emphasized that the modules in the embodiments of this application also include other peripheral circuit devices, such as resistors and capacitors, which serve functions such as grounding and protection. Examples include R0308, C0301, C0303, and C0304 in the measurement circuit. These peripheral circuit devices can be configured based on actual functional requirements, and will not be specifically described in this application's specification. Furthermore, the pins of the components used in the embodiments of this application are also conventional pins of the components, and their specific meanings will not be specifically explained or limited in this application's specification. In addition, the appendix to the specification... Figure 3 The specific values ​​of component models, resistor values, capacitor sizes, voltage values, etc. included are for reference only and should not be regarded as limitations on the embodiments of this application. In actual use, other models or other sizes of components may be used, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a protection module; one end of the protection module is connected to the primary side of the measurement circuit, and the other end is connected to the first energy storage module; the protection module includes at least one of an air discharge tube protection circuit, an overvoltage thyristor discharge circuit, a varistor discharge circuit, a transient voltage suppressor discharge circuit, and a common-mode inductor protection circuit.

[0063] In this embodiment, one end of the protection module can be connected to the primary side of the measurement circuit, and the other end can be connected to the first energy storage module through a rectifier module. The protection module can be composed of a differential mode protection circuit and a common mode protection circuit, specifically including an air discharge tube protection circuit, an overvoltage thyristor discharge circuit, a varistor discharge circuit, a transient voltage suppressor (TVS) discharge circuit, and a common mode inductor protection circuit.

[0064] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the differential mode protection circuit in the protection module includes an air discharge tube D0301, a thyristor high current overcurrent discharge path composed of D0302, R0305, D0303, and Q0301 (i.e., an overvoltage thyristor discharge circuit), a varistor discharge circuit RV0301, and a TVS discharge circuit D0304. The common mode protection circuit in the protection module is a common mode inductor protection circuit L0301, which plays a role in common mode inductor suppression.

[0065] It should be noted that the protection capabilities of the air discharge tube protection circuit, overvoltage thyristor discharge circuit, varistor discharge circuit, and TVS discharge circuit in the differential mode protection circuit of the protection module gradually decrease, while the common mode inductor protection circuit provides common mode protection. This further enhances the protection function of the protection module and ensures the safety of the circuit. Of course, the protection module of the power supply measurement circuit of the transmission line in this embodiment may include at least one of the above five protection circuits, and the specific configuration can be based on actual needs. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a rectifier module; one end of the rectifier module is connected to the protection module, the other end is connected to the first energy storage module, and the third end is connected to the switch module; the rectifier module includes an uncontrolled rectifier circuit or a controlled rectifier circuit.

[0067] In this embodiment, the rectifier module may include an uncontrolled rectifier circuit or a controllable rectifier circuit, specifically including an uncontrolled full-wave rectifier circuit, an uncontrolled bridge rectifier circuit, and a controllable full-wave rectifier circuit, etc., which can be used to convert the AC power output from the protection module into DC power, providing stable DC power for the use of other subsequent parts. Figure 3 As shown, the rectification in this embodiment includes an uncontrolled bridge rectifier circuit D0306. Of course, other rectifier circuits can also be used, and this embodiment does not limit them.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a current limiting module; the current limiting module is connected to both the switch module and the transformer module; the current limiting module is used to output a current sampling signal to the switch module.

[0069] In this embodiment, the current limiting module is connected to the switching module and the transformer module. The current limiting module includes a current limiting circuit, which includes a sampling resistor R0317 for providing a current sampling signal to the switching module.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a voltage regulator module; the voltage regulator module is connected to both the switching module and the transformer module; the voltage regulator module includes a rectifier filter circuit and an opto-isolation circuit; the opto-isolation circuit is used to receive the DC output voltage and output voltage feedback results to the switching module; the switching module is used to receive the voltage feedback results and output on / off signals to the transformer module.

[0071] In this embodiment, the voltage regulator module mainly includes a voltage regulator circuit, specifically including a rectifier and filter circuit composed of Schottky diodes D0309, R0324, R0321, R0322, R0320, C0309, etc., and an opto-isolation circuit composed of R0319, U0304, U0305, etc. The input of the opto-isolation circuit in the voltage regulator module is the DC output voltage (i.e., DC output VCHARGE), and then it provides a voltage feedback signal to the switching module. The switching module adjusts the switching frequency of the transformer module according to the voltage feedback signal.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the transformer module includes a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding, wherein the first winding is an input terminal, and the second and third windings are output terminals; the first winding is connected to a current limiting module, the second winding is connected to a voltage regulating module, and the third winding is connected to a switching module; the transformer module is used to receive the on / off signal output by the switching module to transmit electromagnetic energy.

[0073] In this embodiment, the transformer module mainly includes a multi-winding transformer T0302, comprising three sets of coils: a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding. The first winding (1-2) is the primary high-frequency power supply winding, and the second winding (3-4) and the third winding (5-6) are secondary output windings. The first winding of the transformer module is connected to a current-limiting module to provide overcurrent triggering conditions for the switching module; the second winding is connected to a voltage regulator module; and the third winding is connected to the switching module, enabling electromagnetic energy transfer through the switching module's on / off states. Furthermore, the first winding is also connected to a lockout circuit and a first energy storage module, which is an energy storage capacitor C0305.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the latching circuit is an AND gate circuit; the input terminal of the latching circuit is connected to the control module and the switch module; the output terminal of the latching circuit is connected to the transformer module.

[0075] In this embodiment, the interlocking circuit mainly includes an interlocking switch U0303. This interlocking circuit is an AND gate circuit, with its two input terminals connected to the switch module and the control module, respectively. It can control the on / off state of the energy transfer path of the transformer module through the logical relationship between the switch module and the control module. Specifically, the control module sends a latching signal (BS_CON) to pin A of latching switch U0303. The output gate pin (GATE) of switch module U0301 is connected to pin B of latching switch U0303. The output of latching switch U0303 is connected to the gate of N-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) switch Q0302. When either pin A or pin B of latching switch U0303 is low, Q0302 is turned off, the latching circuit latches the output of the switch circuit, and the first energy storage module and the first winding (high-frequency coil) of the transformer module store energy. When both pin A and pin B of latching switch U0303 are high, Q0302 is turned on, the latching circuit releases the output of the switch circuit, and the transformer module performs electromagnetic energy transfer, such as charging the second energy storage module.

[0076] In addition, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the power supply measurement circuit of the transmission line, D0308, R0318, and C0307 are the downstream power supply windings (downstream start-up circuit) of the switch module U0301, providing power to U0301 and realizing the downstream start-up function; R0316, C0306, and D0307 are the energy discharge path of the first winding 1-2 of T0302 when Q0302 is turned off.

[0077] The switching module mainly includes a switching circuit, specifically a switching transistor (or switching control chip) U0301, an over-temperature protection resistor R0310, and a switching transistor frequency setting resistor R0307. The FB pin of the switching transistor U0301 is a DC output voltage feedback pin, used to receive the voltage feedback signal output by the voltage regulator module. The switching transistor U0301 can be of the CR6842 type, etc. When the power supply (VDD) of the switching module has no output, the front-end is started by connecting pin 3 (VIT) to R0315 and R0314. After the power supply of the switching module is working and there is power output in the subsequent stage, power is supplied to U0301 through the U0301 subsequent stage power supply winding composed of the third winding 5-6 of transformer T0302, D0308, R0318, and C0307. The U0301 switching transistor can operate in a green energy-saving mode, ensuring high conversion efficiency under light load or no-load conditions by reducing the pulse width modulation (PWM) frequency to meet the stringent requirements for low power consumption under light load and no-load conditions. To avoid acoustic noise, the minimum PWM frequency can be above 20 kHz.

[0078] Specifically, when the DC output voltage VCHARGE exceeds the limit (e.g., the DC output voltage exceeds the first preset threshold), the opto-isolation circuit of R0319, U0304, and U0305 in the voltage regulator module is turned on, the voltage feedback signal FB is pulled low, and the switching transistor U0301 adjusts the output duty cycle to regulate the voltage. When the control module receives a target measurement command, such as AC current measurement, if the voltage of the first energy storage module C0305 does not reach the preset voltage threshold, the current is low. The control module pulls down the latch signal BS_CON, causing the latch circuit to lock the output of the switching circuit, stopping the power output of the transformer module. Energy is stored through the first energy storage module and the high-frequency coil. This is a low-current operating mode, which can reduce the impact of load fluctuations on the current acquisition accuracy and improve the current measurement accuracy without affecting the power extraction capacity.

[0079] When the voltage of the first energy storage module C0305 reaches (equal to or greater than) the preset voltage threshold, the current is relatively large. The control module can pull up the discharge signal DL_CON to trigger the discharge switch Q0301 in the overvoltage thyristor discharge circuit to conduct, thus discharging energy. At the same time, the control module can pull up the lockout signal BS_CON to release the lockout switch and output the lockout switch circuit. The transformer module can then draw power and transfer electromagnetic energy. This is a high-current operating mode, which can solve the problem of magnetic saturation affecting the accuracy of current measurement, realize integrated control of energy harvesting and measurement, and improve the accuracy of current measurement.

[0080] In one possible implementation, the target measurement command includes at least one of a calibration command, a timing measurement command, or an active measurement command; the control module is used to collect current data of the target period according to the target measurement command and output the target current data.

[0081] In this embodiment, the target measurement command may include a calibration command and a measurement command, wherein the measurement command further includes a timed measurement command and an active measurement command. The calibration command may refer to calibrating the power supply measurement circuit of the transmission line. Calibration can be performed in the initial state, usually only once, but periodic calibration can also be performed to improve the accuracy of equipment detection. The timed measurement command may perform data measurement based on a set time, such as measuring every 10 milliseconds. The active test command, also known as the active recall command, may refer to directly measuring data on the transmission line.

[0082] In this embodiment, the control module can acquire a target measurement command, and according to the command, collect current data for the target period for calculation to obtain target current data. Specifically, the target current data may refer to the effective value of the current, etc. For example, the current transformer ratio in the test circuit can be 5 amps (A): 2.5 milliamps (mA), the sampling resistor value can be 100 ohms, and the signal is amplified and output to the analog unit of the control module's MCU. The power-taking time can be 5 minutes, and the measurement period can be set to 20 milliseconds. During induced power taking, one target current period is 20 milliseconds. 64 points are sampled within one target period. After sampling, a Fourier transform is performed to calculate the effective value of the current for one period.

[0083] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a graded control charging circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a control module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the control module mainly includes an MCU and peripheral circuits. The specific structure of the peripheral circuits is not limited to... Figure 5 The circuit structure shown in this application does not limit the specific structure of the peripheral circuit. The following... Figure 4 , Figure 5 Based on this, the specific modules of the power supply measurement circuit of the power transmission circuit in the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0084] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a second energy storage module and a power management module; the power management module is connected to the control module and the voltage regulator module; the second energy storage module is connected to the control module; the power management module includes an energy discharge circuit.

[0085] The control module receives voltage information from the second energy storage module, and when the voltage information meets the first preset voltage condition, it outputs an energy discharge signal to the power management module to turn on the energy discharge circuit; when the voltage information meets the second preset voltage condition, the control module stops outputting the energy discharge signal to the power management module and outputs an energy storage signal to the second energy storage module.

[0086] In this embodiment, the power extraction and measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a second energy storage module and a power management module. The second energy storage module includes a rechargeable battery (e.g., a lithium battery CN0201) and a supercapacitor CN0202 for energy storage. This second energy storage module is connected to a control module and provides power and AD sampling signals to the control module. The AD sampling signals include battery sampling signals (VBAT_ADC) and capacitor sampling signals (VCAP_ADC). The power management module is used to implement the charging function of the second energy storage module. The control module samples the voltage information of the second energy storage module and can control the charging sequence of the second energy storage module through charging signals, as well as control the discharge of excess extracted energy.

[0087] Specifically, the DC output voltage VCHARGE of the transformer module controls the charging of the second energy storage module through the power management module U0201. The power management module includes an energy discharge circuit (i.e., an energy discharge control circuit), whose on / off state is based on the energy discharge enable control signal NLXF_EN. When the voltage information of the second energy storage module meets the first preset voltage condition, the control module can output an energy discharge signal to the power management module. Specifically, it can pull NLXF_EN high, causing Q0201 in the energy discharge circuit to conduct, and the DC output voltage VCHARGE discharges energy through R0202, preventing the second energy storage module from overcharging. When the energy of the second energy storage module is gradually consumed and its voltage information meets the second preset voltage condition, the control module stops outputting the energy discharge signal to the power management module. Specifically, it can pull NLXF_EN low, causing Q0201 in the energy discharge circuit to turn off, and opening the charging path through Q0210 and Q0211 to charge the second energy storage module.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a current classification control module; one end of the current classification control module is connected to the power management module, and the other end is connected to the second energy storage module.

[0089] The current grading control module includes multiple current limiting control circuits; the control module outputs current limiting control signals to the current grading control module according to the transmission line current; the current grading control module is used to receive the current limiting control signals sent by the control module and to turn on the current limiting control circuits corresponding to the current limiting control signals.

[0090] In this embodiment of the application, the power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line further includes a current grading control module. The current grading control module includes three sets of current limiting control circuits: Q0204, R0213, Q0205, R0214, Q0203, and R0212. FJ01, FJ02, and FJ03 are control pins. The current grading control provides a current signal that can be fed back to the power management circuit to provide a suitable charging current for the second energy storage module.

[0091] The control module can select the corresponding current-limiting resistor based on the measured current of the transmission line and output a current-limiting control signal to the current-grading control module. The current-grading control module receives the current-limiting control signal and activates the corresponding current-limiting control circuit to control the charging current. Specifically, the current-limiting values ​​corresponding to the three sets of current-limiting control circuits can be combined to achieve current combinations such as 150mA, 300mA, 450mA, 600mA, 750mA, 900mA, and 1.05A. The corresponding combinations of FJ01, FJ02, and FJ03 can be 100, 010, 110, 001, 101, 011, and 111. Of course, the current-grading control module can also include more current-limiting control circuits, corresponding to more current combinations. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0092] In addition, in the second energy storage module, the rechargeable battery (such as a lithium battery) can have a corresponding battery charging control pin VBAT_CHARGE_EN, and the supercapacitor can have a corresponding supercapacitor charging control pin VCAP_CHARGE_EN. These two control pins are connected to the control module MCU.

[0093] In this embodiment, the power supply measurement circuit for transmission lines reduces the frequency of power management chip shutdown due to insufficient power supply by using graded charging current control, thereby improving charging efficiency and reliability. The control module calculates the corresponding charging power based on the measured AC current, dynamically switches the charging current limiting resistor, and controls the charging current, thus avoiding the phenomenon of output current interruption due to insufficient power at the input end. This improves charging efficiency, enhances the power supply capability of the conductor ice observation equipment, meets the needs of ice observation under extreme weather conditions, and has significant practical value.

[0094] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a power extraction measurement method for transmission lines, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 The power measurement method for this transmission line, as shown, includes the following steps:

[0095] S601. When the control module receives the target measurement command, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than the preset voltage threshold, the control module locks the output of the switch module based on the interlocking circuit, so that the first energy storage module stores energy and the transformer module stops electromagnetic energy transfer. When the voltage of the first energy storage module is equal to or greater than the preset voltage threshold, the control module performs measurement according to the target measurement command.

[0096] S602. After the target measurement command is executed, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control module opens the output of the switch module through the interlocking circuit so that the transformer module can transfer electromagnetic energy.

[0097] In this embodiment, when the control module receives the target measurement command and measures the transmission line, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than a preset voltage threshold, the control module locks the output of the switch module through the interlocking circuit, stores energy through the first energy storage module, and stops the transformer module from drawing power. When the voltage of the first energy storage module reaches the preset voltage threshold, the control module can perform measurement based on the target measurement command and output the target current data. This reduces the impact of load fluctuations on the current acquisition accuracy. After the target measurement command is completed, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control module unlocks the output of the switch module through the interlocking circuit, allowing the transformer module to transfer electromagnetic energy. This avoids magnetic saturation affecting the current measurement accuracy and improves the current measurement accuracy.

[0098] For example, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement process for a power supply measurement device for a power transmission line, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the power supply measurement equipment for the transmission line starts working. The control module MCU receives the target measurement command and first determines the command type. If the target measurement command is a calibration command, it waits for the standard current source to output the set current value in the simulated conductor. The control module controls the blocking circuit to block the output of the blocking switch module, collects current data for N cycles (N is a positive integer, such as 1, 3, 5, 10, etc.), performs filtering and Fourier Transform (FFT) to calculate the effective value of the current. Then, it can calculate the ratio of the measured effective value of the current to the set current value to obtain the calibration coefficient. When the calibration coefficient is within the set range, the calibration is successful, and the calibration coefficient is stored.

[0099] If the target measurement command received by the control module MCU is a measurement command, it further determines whether the received measurement command is a timed measurement command or an active measurement command. If the target measurement command is a timed measurement command, the control module starts timing and releases the latching circuit from the output of the switching module. The switching module controls the transformer module to conduct, performing electromagnetic energy transfer to charge the second energy storage module. When the MCU timer reaches the set value in the timed measurement command, the MCU pulls the latching switch pin low, controlling the latching circuit to latch the switching module, performing rectification and energy storage, and stopping the external energy output. After a set delay, the MCU samples the current data for N (positive integer) target cycles using an AD converter, performs a Fourier transform, and calculates the effective value of the current scalar. Then, the MCU multiplies this effective value by a calibration coefficient to calculate the effective value of the current. During timed reading, the data is stored locally, waiting for retrieval by the server, and then timing continues until the next test time arrives.

[0100] If the target test command is an active test command, the MCU pulls the latching circuit pin low to control the switch module to latch, perform rectification and energy storage, and stop outputting energy to the outside. After the MCU delays for a set time, it samples the current data for N cycles through the AD converter, performs Fourier transform, calculates the effective value of the current scalar, multiplies the effective value of the scalar by the calibration coefficient, calculates the effective value of the current, and then uploads the effective value of the current (i.e., the target current data) to the server.

[0101] It should be noted that during this measurement process, when the MCU performs FFT transformation and calculates the RMS value, the maximum and minimum RMS values ​​of N periods can be removed during filtering. The remaining RMS values ​​are then summed and averaged to improve the accuracy of the data measurement. After the MCU delays for a set time (e.g., 10ms), current data from N periods is sampled by the AD converter, Fourier transform is performed, and the RMS value of the current scalar is calculated. N can be 1, or 10 for improved accuracy, etc. The average value is calculated after filtering. During current measurement, the MCU pulls the latch signal BS_CON low, causing the latch circuit input pin to go low, controlling the switch U0303 to latch, perform rectification and energy storage, and stop outputting energy. This ensures efficient energy utilization while maintaining measurement accuracy.

[0102] In addition, this application embodiment also provides a power supply measurement device for transmission lines, including the power supply measurement circuit for transmission lines in the foregoing embodiments.

[0103] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0104] It should be emphasized that in this application, the term "comprising" and its variations can refer to non-limiting inclusion; the term "or" and its variations can refer to "and / or". The terms "first", "second", etc., in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0105] The above are only some embodiments of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A power supply measurement circuit for transmission lines, characterized in that, It includes an inductive power extraction coil, a measuring circuit, a control module, a first energy storage module, a switch module, a transformer module, and a lockout circuit; the inductive power extraction coil is connected to the primary side of the measuring circuit, and the secondary side of the measuring circuit is connected to the control module; When the control module receives a target measurement command, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than a preset voltage threshold, the control module will lock the output of the switch module through the lockout circuit so that the first energy storage module can store energy and the transformer module can stop electromagnetic energy transfer. When the voltage of the first energy storage module is equal to or greater than the preset voltage threshold, the control module will perform measurement according to the target measurement command. After the target measurement command is executed, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control module opens the output of the switch module through the interlocking circuit so that the transformer module can transfer electromagnetic energy.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line also includes a protection module; one end of the protection module is connected to the primary side of the measurement circuit, and the other end is connected to the first energy storage module. The protection module includes at least one of the following: an air discharge tube protection circuit, an overvoltage thyristor discharge circuit, a varistor discharge circuit, a transient voltage suppressor discharge circuit, and a common-mode inductor protection circuit.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line also includes a rectifier module; one end of the rectifier module is connected to the protection module, the other end is connected to the first energy storage module, and the third end is connected to the switch module; the rectifier module includes an uncontrollable rectifier circuit or a controllable rectifier circuit.

4. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line also includes a current limiting module; the current limiting module is connected to the switch module and the transformer module respectively; the current limiting module is used to output a current sampling signal to the switch module.

5. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line also includes a voltage regulator module; the voltage regulator module is connected to both the switch module and the transformer module; the voltage regulator module includes a rectifier filter circuit and an opto-isolation circuit; The opto-isolation circuit is used to receive the DC output voltage and output the voltage feedback result to the switching module; the switching module is used to receive the voltage feedback result and output the on / off signal to the transformer module.

6. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transformer module includes a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding, wherein the first winding is the input terminal, and the second and third windings are the output terminals; the first winding is connected to the current limiting module, the second winding is connected to the voltage regulating module, and the third winding is connected to the switching module; the transformer module is used to receive the on / off signal output by the switching module to transmit electromagnetic energy.

7. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interlocking circuit is an AND gate circuit; the input terminal of the interlocking circuit is connected to the control module and the switch module; the output terminal of the interlocking circuit is connected to the transformer module.

8. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target measurement command includes at least one of calibration command, timing measurement command, or active measurement command; The control module is used to acquire current data of the target period according to the target measurement command and output the target current data.

9. The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line also includes a second energy storage module and a power management module; the power management module is connected to the control module and the voltage regulator module; the second energy storage module is connected to the control module; the power management module includes an energy discharge circuit; The control module receives the voltage information of the second energy storage module, and when the voltage information meets the first preset voltage condition, it outputs an energy discharge signal to the power management module to turn on the energy discharge circuit. When the voltage information meets the second preset voltage condition, the control module stops outputting the energy discharge signal to the power management module and outputs the energy storage signal to the second energy storage module.

10. The circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power supply measurement circuit for the transmission line also includes a current classification control module; one end of the current classification control module is connected to the power management module, and the other end is connected to the second energy storage module. The current grading control module includes multiple current limiting control circuits; the control module outputs a current limiting control signal to the current grading control module according to the transmission line current; The current grading control module is used to receive the current limiting control signal sent by the control module and to turn on the current limiting control circuit corresponding to the current limiting control signal.

11. A method for measuring power intake from a transmission line, characterized in that, The power supply measurement circuit for transmission lines according to any one of claims 1 to 10 includes: When the control module receives a target measurement command, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is less than a preset voltage threshold, the control module will lock the output of the switch module based on the lockout circuit, so that the first energy storage module can store energy and the transformer module can stop electromagnetic energy transfer. When the voltage of the first energy storage module is equal to or greater than the preset voltage threshold, the control module will perform measurement according to the target measurement command. After the target measurement command is executed, if the voltage of the first energy storage module is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control module opens the output of the switch module through the interlocking circuit so that the transformer module can transfer electromagnetic energy.

12. A power supply measurement device for transmission lines, characterized in that, The power supply measurement device for power transmission lines includes the power supply measurement circuit for power transmission lines as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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