A triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device
By using a triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy through the frictional effect of piezoelectric sheets and copper foil. This solves the problems of large size and low space utilization of traditional generators, and achieves efficient energy harvesting. It is suitable for self-powering of smart wearable devices and biomedical devices.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
Traditional electromagnetic, piezoelectric, and triboelectric generators are bulky, have low space utilization, and cannot effectively capture environmental energy, resulting in short battery life for sensor networks and difficulty in providing continuous power in complex scenarios.
A triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device is designed. By adding materials such as piezoelectric sheets, copper foil, and PDMS films, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by utilizing the friction between the film and the copper foil and the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric sheets. This fully utilizes the device space and reduces damping consumption.
It improves energy harvesting efficiency, extends sensor battery life, and reduces maintenance costs, making it suitable for self-powered applications in smart wearable devices and the biomedical field.
Smart Images
Figure CN122137259A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the fields of smart wearable devices, biomedicine, environmental monitoring, and the Internet of Things, and in particular to a triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device. Background Technology
[0002] With the emergence and development of the Internet of Things (IoT), humans have made breakthroughs in wearable devices, distributed sensor networks, and human-computer interaction, driving electronic devices towards miniaturization, intelligence, and mobility. Currently, batteries are the primary power source for sensor networks. However, as application scenarios become increasingly complex and sensor networks grow larger, the drawbacks of batteries become more apparent, such as limited energy storage density, difficulty in regular charging and replacement, incompatibility with the biological environment, and significant environmental pollution. These shortcomings undoubtedly greatly hinder the further development of the IoT. Therefore, self-powered energy harvesting devices are an ideal choice, not only extending the battery life of sensors and reducing the maintenance costs of sensor networks, but also leveraging the characteristics of the energy harvester itself to expand the capabilities of the sensors.
[0003] Because traditional generators such as electromagnetic, piezoelectric, and triboelectric generators are large and have low space utilization, they cannot capture much environmental energy to convert into electrical energy. Therefore, to cover a wider range of energy scenarios and improve energy conversion efficiency, a triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric coupled vibration energy harvesting device was designed. Furthermore, due to its small size, this device is more advantageous for use in low-frequency and small-scale devices. For example, in the field of smart wearable devices, it can power smart bracelets, health monitoring watches, and smart insoles. The friction between the insole and the ground during walking, as well as the vibration of the arm swinging, can be collected and converted into electrical energy, enabling the device to be "self-powered" and eliminating the need for frequent charging. In the biomedical field, it can power medical devices such as pacemakers and neurostimulators. By collecting the weak energy from the peristalsis of internal organs and blood flow, it solves the problems of short battery life and the need for surgical replacement in traditional batteries, improving device safety and patient comfort. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a triboelectric electromagnetic piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device. It designs an energy harvesting device that combines piezoelectricity, electromagneticity, and triboelectric coupling. By adding materials such as piezoelectric sheets, copper foil, and PDMS films, the space of the device is fully utilized, and the damping generated by vibration is transferred to the friction between different materials and the deformation of the piezoelectric sheets. Through the mutual friction between the film and the copper foil and the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric sheets, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy to harvest more energy.
[0005] This invention provides a triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device, comprising an external excitation, a shell, a base plate, an electromagnetic part, a piezoelectric part, and a friction part. The shell encloses the magnet and magnetic core of the electromagnetic part, and the bottom of the shell is connected to the spring sheet of the piezoelectric part. The left and right sides of the piezoelectric sheet of the piezoelectric part are connected to the conductors of the friction part.
[0006] Preferably, the electromagnetic part includes a magnet, a magnetic core, and a coil, with the magnetic core located below the magnet and the coil wound around the magnetic core.
[0007] Preferably, the piezoelectric part includes a spring sheet and a piezoelectric sheet, with the piezoelectric sheet attached to the spring sheet.
[0008] Preferably, the friction portion includes a conductor, a first film, and a second film, with the first and second films attached to the opposing surfaces of the conductors. The first film is a dielectric friction layer, fixed to the opposing surface of one of the conductors; the second film is a paired friction layer, with the second film and the first film facing each other.
[0009] Preferably, the spring sheet is made of 65 manganese steel and the piezoelectric sheet is made of PZT-5 piezoelectric ceramic.
[0010] Preferably, the power generation mode of the friction component is contact-separation.
[0011] Preferably, the first film and the second film are interchangeable combinations with fixed electrical pairing, specifically two sets of adaptation schemes.
[0012] Preferably, the base plate and the outer shell are made of plastic.
[0013] Therefore, this invention adopts the above-mentioned triboelectric electromagnetic piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device to design an energy harvesting device with piezoelectric, electromagnetic and triboelectric coupling. By adding materials such as piezoelectric sheet, copper foil and PDMS film, the space of the device is fully utilized, and the damping generated by vibration is transferred to the friction between different materials and the deformation of the piezoelectric sheet. Through the mutual friction between the film and the copper foil and the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric sheet, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy to harvest more energy.
[0014] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power generation process of a triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device according to the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the PTFE film and nylon film in the triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device of the present invention.
[0016] Figure Labels 1. External excitation; 2. Magnet; 3. Shell; 4. Magnetic core; 5. Coil; 6. Spring sheet; 7. Piezoelectric sheet; 8. Conductor; 9. First thin film; 10. Second thin film; 11. Base plate. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0018] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.
[0019] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device, comprising an external excitation 1, a shell 3, a base plate 11, an electromagnetic part, a piezoelectric part, and a triboelectric part.
[0021] The outer casing 3 encloses the magnet 2 and magnetic core 4 of the electromagnetic part. The bottom of the outer casing 3 is connected to the spring plate 6 of the piezoelectric part. The left and right sides of the piezoelectric plate 7 of the piezoelectric part are connected to the conductor 8 of the friction part. The base plate 11 and the outer casing 3 are made of plastic with low interference to the experiment, and the overall size of the device is kept small enough.
[0022] The electromagnetic part includes a magnet 2, a magnetic core 4, and a coil 5. The magnetic core 4 is located below the magnet 2, and the coil 5 is wound around the magnetic core 4 to ensure that the entire coil 5 can effectively cut magnetic field lines when oscillating.
[0023] The piezoelectric component includes a spring plate 6 and a piezoelectric element 7. The piezoelectric element 7 is attached to the spring plate 6. The spring plate 6 is made of 65# manganese steel with good deformation properties, while the piezoelectric element 7 is made of PZT-5 piezoelectric ceramic with good power generation performance and a thickness of 1mm to ensure it is not easily broken during operation. The spring plate 6 serves as the connection point for the entire device, cleverly connecting the three power generation systems—the friction component, the electromagnetic component, and the piezoelectric component—together, making the entire device more compact.
[0024] The friction component includes a conductor 8, a first film 9, and a second film 10, with the first film 9 and the second film 10 attached to opposite surfaces of the conductors. The first film 9 is a dielectric friction layer, fixed to the opposite surface of one conductor. The second film 10 is a mating friction layer, fixed to the opposite surface of the other conductor. The second film 10 and the first film 9 are directly opposite each other, and their effective friction areas are perfectly matched. The first film 9 and the second film 10 are interchangeable combinations with fixed electrical pairing, specifically two sets of adaptation schemes: when the first film 9 is a PDMS film, the second film 10 is a copper foil; when the first film 9 is a PTFE film, the second film 10 is a nylon film.
[0025] Under the action of external excitation 1, the magnet 2 encased in the outer shell 3 swings left and right, causing the magnetic core 4 below to swing back and forth as well. At this time, the magnet 2 and the magnetic core 4 move relative to each other, and the coil 5 wound on the magnetic core 4 begins to cut the magnetic field lines. Due to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the magnetic flux through the closed circuit changes, and an induced current is generated in the closed circuit.
[0026] The magnetic core 4 is enclosed by the outer shell 3, and the bottom of the outer shell 3 is connected to the spring plate 6. When the outer shell 3 swings back and forth, it drives the spring plate 6 to swing and generates damping. The piezoelectric plate 7 placed on the spring plate 6 is subjected to elastic force and undergoes repeated stretching and compression. The piezoelectric plate 7 deforms and generates a piezoelectric effect, thereby generating voltage. This process converts part of the damping into mechanical energy and outputs electrical energy.
[0027] Making full use of the space in this power generation device, conductors 8 are connected to the left and right sides of the piezoelectric sheet 7. PDMS film 9 and copper foil are respectively attached to the two opposite surfaces of the conductors 8. Under the action of elasticity and damping, one conductor 8 tilts towards the other, causing the PDMS film 9 and copper foil to come into contact. Subsequently, the two conductors 8 separate. Due to the continuous contact and separation between the PDMS film 9 and the copper foil, after separation, the side that loses electrons retains a positive charge, and the side that gains electrons retains a negative charge, forming a stable potential difference (i.e., triboelectric potential) between the surfaces of the PDMS film 9 and the copper foil. Since the PDMS film 9 and the copper foil are connected by conductors 8, charges flow along the circuit to balance the potential difference, forming an instantaneous current.
[0028] The conductors 8 on the left and right sides are rigidly fixed to the left and right ends of the piezoelectric sheet 7 only through their roots, without any other fixing structure to the base plate 11. They can deflect and tilt synchronously with the reciprocating swing of the spring plate 6. The process of conductor tilting and contact-separation is as follows: Under the action of external excitation 1, the outer shell 3 drives the spring plate 6 to swing back and forth, and the spring plate 6 drives the piezoelectric sheet 7 and the left and right conductors at both ends to deflect synchronously; when the spring plate 6 swings to the left, the left conductor deflects to the right and the right conductor deflects to the left, causing the first film 9 and the second film 10 to come into contact and stick together; when the spring plate 6 swings to the right to reset, the left and right conductors return to their original positions with the spring plate 6, and the first film 9 and the second film 10 separate from each other; with the continuous reciprocating swing of the spring plate 6, the two films complete a continuous contact-separation cycle.
[0029] Therefore, this invention employs the aforementioned triboelectric, electromagnetic, and piezoelectric coupled vibration energy harvesting device. Traditional energy harvesting devices are bulky and have low space utilization, resulting in limited energy generation. During vibration, induction of electromotive force is generated, along with damping, which reduces energy harvesting capacity and consumes energy. This invention designs a piezoelectric, electromagnetic, and triboelectric coupled energy harvesting device. By adding materials such as piezoelectric sheets, copper foil, and PDMS films, the space of the device is fully utilized. The damping generated by vibration is transferred to friction between different materials and deformation of the piezoelectric sheet. Through the mutual friction between the film and copper foil, and the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric sheet, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy to harvest more energy.
[0030] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1. A triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device, characterized in that, It includes an external excitation, a housing, a base plate, an electromagnetic part, a piezoelectric part, and a friction part. The housing encloses the magnet and magnetic core of the electromagnetic part. The bottom of the housing is connected to the spring sheet of the piezoelectric part. The left and right sides of the piezoelectric sheet of the piezoelectric part are connected to the conductors of the friction part.
2. A triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic component includes a magnet, a magnetic core, and a coil. The magnetic core is located below the magnet, and the coil is wound around the magnetic core.
3. A triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piezoelectric component includes a spring sheet and a piezoelectric sheet, with the piezoelectric sheet attached to the spring sheet.
4. A triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction component includes a conductor, a first film, and a second film, with the first and second films attached to the opposing surfaces of the conductors. The first film is a dielectric friction layer, fixed to the opposing surface of one of the conductors; the second film is a mating friction layer, positioned opposite the first film.
5. A triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spring sheet is made of 65 manganese steel, and the piezoelectric element is made of PZT-5 piezoelectric ceramic.
6. A triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power generation mode of the friction component is contact-separation.
7. A triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first and second films are interchangeable combinations with fixed electrical pairings.
8. A triboelectric piezoelectric coupling vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate and outer shell are made of plastic.