Fire hydrant communication heartbeat adaptive scheduling method based on multi-state coupling

Abstract

This invention discloses an adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeats based on multi-state coupling, belonging to the field of communication scheduling technology. It addresses the problems of unbalanced reporting rhythm, increased link congestion, and decreased communication resource utilization efficiency in scenarios with significant flow fluctuations or frequent changes in channel occupancy. By introducing a multi-state coupling analysis mechanism involving equipment operating status, flow change characteristics, and communication link status during the fire hydrant valve triggering process, a triggering hierarchy based on physical outflow changes and link carrying capacity is constructed. Communication rhythm characteristics are extracted by combining historical heartbeat arrival times, and wireless retransmission behavior is quantified to assess link reliability. Based on this, a heartbeat scheduling coefficient is generated, and the communication heartbeat reporting interval is adaptively adjusted. This achieves dynamic optimization of the heartbeat rhythm under conditions of significant flow fluctuations or limited links, improving the real-time performance, stability, and communication resource utilization efficiency of fire hydrant operating status monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication scheduling technology, and more specifically, to an adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling. Background Technology

[0002] With the informatization upgrade of urban fire protection infrastructure, smart fire hydrants are gradually being connected to the Internet of Things system. They periodically report their operating status to the platform via wireless communication to achieve remote supervision and emergency response support. In the existing technical system, most fire hydrant terminals adopt a communication heartbeat reporting mechanism based on a fixed period or simple event trigger. That is, data reporting is initiated when the device is turned on or when a change in flow is detected, and status information is continuously sent at preset time intervals.

[0003] The existing technology has the following shortcomings:

[0004] Currently, existing technologies mainly construct communication heartbeat mechanisms based on single triggering conditions or fixed reporting cycles. They lack the ability to comprehensively analyze the coupling relationship between equipment operating status evolution, pipeline traffic changes, and communication link carrying capacity. It is difficult to dynamically and adaptively adjust the heartbeat reporting rhythm according to actual operating conditions, resulting in unbalanced reporting rhythm, increased link congestion, and decreased communication resource utilization efficiency in scenarios with significant traffic fluctuations or frequent changes in channel occupancy. Therefore, a fire hydrant communication heartbeat adaptive scheduling method based on multi-state coupling is proposed.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeats based on multi-state coupling. By employing a multi-dimensional coupling modeling mechanism that combines equipment operating status, pipeline flow characteristics, and communication link status, a trigger tiered hierarchy is constructed and heartbeat arrival rhythm characteristics are extracted. Simultaneously, wireless retransmission behavior is combined to quantitatively evaluate link reliability, generating heartbeat scheduling coefficients to achieve an adaptive dynamic adjustment strategy for communication heartbeat reporting intervals, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: When the valve triggering operation is performed on the fire hydrant under test, the equipment operation status information of the fire hydrant under test is retrieved and the terminal activation status is identified. The magnetic triggering duration of the reed switch inside the fire hydrant under test is collected, and the heartbeat monitoring mechanism is determined in combination with the terminal activation status.

[0009] Step S2: In the heartbeat monitoring mechanism, the pipeline flow data of the fire hydrant to be tested is called, the channel occupancy data of the corresponding access communication area of ​​the fire hydrant to be tested is detected and the interference stripping coefficient is calculated. The triggering level of the fire hydrant to be tested is analyzed in combination with the pipeline flow data.

[0010] Step S3: Based on the trigger grading level, determine whether to adjust the communication heartbeat reporting interval, access the historical heartbeat log to retrieve the heartbeat arrival time, and use the heartbeat arrival time to evaluate the beat distribution characteristics of the reporting rhythm of the fire hydrant under test.

[0011] Step S4: Detect the number of wireless retransmission triggers of the fire hydrant under test, analyze the link compensation status of the fire hydrant under test in combination with the beat distribution characteristics, set the heartbeat scheduling coefficient using the link compensation status, and adjust the communication heartbeat reporting interval based on the heartbeat scheduling coefficient.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, when the valve triggering operation is performed on the fire hydrant under test, the equipment operation status information of the fire hydrant under test is retrieved through the terminal main control unit, including the online status of the communication module and the sensor acquisition enable status.

[0013] When the current status values ​​of the online status of the communication module and the sensor acquisition enable status are both valid, the smart terminal corresponding to the fire hydrant under test will be identified as the terminal active state.

[0014] The triggering state of the reed switch is detected by the terminal main control unit. The triggering state includes the disconnected state and the on state. The moment when the disconnected state switches to the on state is recorded as the magnetic trigger start time.

[0015] The moment when the conduction state is restored to the disconnection state is recorded as the magnetic triggering end time;

[0016] The time difference between the end time of magnetic triggering and the start time of magnetic triggering is taken as the duration of magnetic triggering;

[0017] When the terminal is activated and the magnetic trigger duration is greater than or equal to the preset trigger duration threshold, the heartbeat monitoring mechanism is entered.

[0018] Conversely, it will not enter the heart rate monitoring mechanism.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, in the heartbeat monitoring mechanism, a monitoring time window is preset and divided into multiple monitoring moments, and the instantaneous flow value of the fire hydrant to be tested is called through the output interface of the flow sensor, and the instantaneous flow value is used as the pipeline flow data;

[0020] The link status detection interface of the communication module is accessed through the communication terminal to detect the channel occupancy data of the corresponding access communication area of ​​the fire hydrant under test, and the channel occupancy data shows the percentage of busy channel time.

[0021] Pipeline flow data at adjacent monitoring times are selected in chronological order and the flow change value is calculated. The product of the median of each flow change value and the preset change amplification factor is selected as the flow change benchmark value.

[0022] The median of the busy duration percentage for each channel is selected as the baseline value for channel occupancy.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the traffic change value and its channel busy duration percentage corresponding to each monitoring time are read, the traffic change value is compared with the traffic change benchmark value, and the channel busy duration percentage is compared with the channel occupancy benchmark value.

[0024] When the traffic change value is greater than or equal to the traffic change benchmark value and the channel busy duration percentage is less than the channel occupancy benchmark value, the corresponding monitoring time will be marked as the physical change identification time.

[0025] When the traffic change value is greater than or equal to the traffic change baseline value and the channel busy duration percentage is greater than or equal to the channel occupancy baseline value, the corresponding monitoring time will be marked as the communication interference associated time.

[0026] Otherwise, the monitoring time will not be marked.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the interference stripping coefficient is calculated based on the number of physical change identification moments and the number of communication interference associated moments;

[0028] Adjacent physical change identification times are combined into continuous physical change segments. In each continuous physical change segment, the standard deviation of the flow rate change value is taken as the segment fluctuation characteristic.

[0029] The product of the average value of the fluctuation characteristics of each segment and the interference stripping coefficient is used as the trigger fluctuation index.

[0030] If the trigger fluctuation index is greater than the preset trigger fluctuation threshold, the trigger level of the fire hydrant under test is determined to be the fluctuation trigger level.

[0031] Conversely, the triggering level of the fire hydrant under test is determined to be a stable triggering level.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, when the trigger grading level is the fluctuation triggering level, the communication heartbeat reporting interval is adjusted, and the communication heartbeat reporting interval adjustment process is started.

[0033] Conversely, if the current communication heartbeat reporting interval remains unchanged, this step will be terminated.

[0034] After initiating the communication heartbeat reporting interval adjustment process, access the historical heartbeat log to retrieve the communication record corresponding to the fire hydrant under test;

[0035] Historical heartbeat logs refer to the collection of communication records formed by the monitoring platform continuously receiving and storing heartbeat data packets reported by each fire hydrant smart terminal during long-term operation. The communication records include the device's unique identifier and the heartbeat data packet reception timestamp.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the historical heartbeat log is filtered based on the device's unique identifier, and the heartbeat data packet reception timestamp of the fire hydrant under test within a preset time window is extracted to obtain the heartbeat arrival time.

[0037] Based on the heartbeat arrival time, the time interval between adjacent heartbeats is calculated to obtain the communication heartbeat reporting interval. The communication heartbeat reporting intervals are statistically analyzed to calculate the average and standard deviation, thus obtaining the average arrival interval and the standard deviation of the interval.

[0038] The ratio of the standard deviation of the interval to the average arrival interval is used as a characteristic of the beat distribution.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the communication module operation log is accessed to extract the wireless retransmission trigger record of the fire hydrant under test within a preset time window;

[0040] The wireless retransmission trigger record is an event marker generated when the terminal performs a retransmission operation according to the communication protocol when it does not receive an acknowledgment response;

[0041] The number of wireless retransmission trigger records within the preset time window is counted to obtain the number of wireless retransmission triggers. The number of wireless retransmission triggers is divided by the duration of the preset time window to obtain the retransmission trigger frequency.

[0042] When the retransmission trigger frequency is greater than the preset retransmission judgment threshold and the clock distribution characteristics are greater than the preset clock judgment threshold, the link compensation state is determined to be the compensation transmission state.

[0043] When the retransmission trigger frequency is less than or equal to the retransmission judgment threshold and the clock distribution characteristic is less than or equal to the clock judgment threshold, the link compensation state is determined to be a smooth transmission state.

[0044] All other cases are classified as transitional transmission states.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, when the link compensation state is the compensation transmission state, the extended heartbeat scheduling coefficient is set: ;

[0046] When the link compensation status is smooth transmission, set the compact heartbeat scheduling coefficient: ;

[0047] in, For extended heart rate scheduling coefficients, This is the contraction-type heart rate regulation coefficient. For retransmission trigger frequency, The preset retransmission threshold is used for determining the retransmission. For rhythm distribution characteristics, The preset beat determination threshold, and The preset weighting coefficients, This is the preset adjustment coefficient;

[0048] When the link compensation state is in the transitional transmission state, set the hold-type heartbeat scheduling coefficient, which is equal to 1.

[0049] The heartbeat scheduling coefficient obtained from the determination is multiplied by the communication heartbeat reporting interval to adjust the communication heartbeat reporting interval. The adjusted communication heartbeat reporting interval is then sent to the fire hydrant communication module under test to update the sending cycle of subsequent heartbeat data packets.

[0050] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0051] This invention introduces a multi-state coupling analysis mechanism that incorporates equipment operating status, flow change characteristics, and communication link status during the fire hydrant valve triggering process. It constructs a triggering hierarchy based on physical outflow changes and link carrying capacity, extracts communication rhythm characteristics by combining historical heartbeat arrival times, and quantitatively evaluates link reliability by integrating wireless retransmission behavior. Based on this, it generates a heartbeat scheduling coefficient and adaptively adjusts the communication heartbeat reporting interval. This enables dynamic optimization of heartbeat rhythm under conditions of significant flow fluctuations or limited links, thereby improving the real-time performance, stability, and communication resource utilization efficiency of fire hydrant operating status monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of a fire hydrant communication heartbeat adaptive scheduling method based on multi-state coupling according to the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of an adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] This invention introduces a multi-state coupling analysis mechanism that incorporates equipment operating status, flow change characteristics, and communication link status during the fire hydrant valve triggering process. It constructs a triggering hierarchy based on physical outflow changes and link carrying capacity, extracts communication rhythm characteristics by combining historical heartbeat arrival times, and quantitatively evaluates link reliability by integrating wireless retransmission behavior. Based on this, it generates a heartbeat scheduling coefficient and adaptively adjusts the communication heartbeat reporting interval, thereby achieving dynamic optimization of heartbeat rhythm under conditions of significant flow fluctuations or limited links, and improving the real-time performance of fire hydrant operating status monitoring.

[0056] Example 1, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, an adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling includes the following steps:

[0057] Step S1: When the valve triggering operation is performed on the fire hydrant under test, the equipment operation status information of the fire hydrant under test is retrieved and the terminal activation status is identified. The magnetic triggering duration of the reed switch inside the fire hydrant under test is collected, and the heartbeat monitoring mechanism is determined in combination with the terminal activation status.

[0058] Step S2: In the heartbeat monitoring mechanism, the pipeline flow data of the fire hydrant to be tested is called, the channel occupancy data of the corresponding access communication area of ​​the fire hydrant to be tested is detected and the interference stripping coefficient is calculated. The triggering level of the fire hydrant to be tested is analyzed in combination with the pipeline flow data.

[0059] Step S3: Based on the trigger grading level, determine whether to adjust the communication heartbeat reporting interval, access the historical heartbeat log to retrieve the heartbeat arrival time, and use the heartbeat arrival time to evaluate the beat distribution characteristics of the reporting rhythm of the fire hydrant under test.

[0060] Step S4: Detect the number of wireless retransmission triggers of the fire hydrant under test, analyze the link compensation status of the fire hydrant under test in combination with the beat distribution characteristics, set the heartbeat scheduling coefficient using the link compensation status, and adjust the communication heartbeat reporting interval based on the heartbeat scheduling coefficient.

[0061] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0062] In step S1, when the valve triggering operation is performed on the fire hydrant under test, the equipment operation status information of the fire hydrant under test is retrieved through the terminal main control unit. The equipment operation status information is a set of status parameters that reflect the current operating capability and function activation status of the built-in communication terminal of the fire hydrant under test, including the online status of the communication module and the sensor acquisition enable status.

[0063] The online status of the communication module is returned by the communication module through the network registration interface, which is used to indicate whether the communication terminal in the fire hydrant under test has completed network access to the monitoring platform and is in a communicable state. The sensor acquisition enable status is obtained by the terminal main control unit accessing the local acquisition control register area, which is used to indicate whether the flow sensor and reed switch acquisition channel are in the open state.

[0064] When the current status values ​​of the online status of the communication module and the sensor acquisition enable status are both valid, the smart terminal corresponding to the fire hydrant under test will be identified as the terminal active state.

[0065] Otherwise, the smart terminal corresponding to the fire hydrant to be tested will be identified as not ready.

[0066] It should be explained that the terminal main control unit is a control and processing unit located inside the fire hydrant under test, used to retrieve equipment operating status information and read status parameters; the communication terminal is a communication module inside the fire hydrant under test used to complete data transmission with the monitoring platform, used to report equipment status data and maintain the communication link.

[0067] The triggering state of the reed switch is detected by the terminal main control unit. The triggering state includes the off state and the on state. The moment when the off state switches to the on state is recorded as the magnetic trigger start time; the moment when the on state returns to the off state is recorded as the magnetic trigger end time.

[0068] The time difference between the end time and the start time of magnetic triggering is taken as the magnetic triggering duration. The longer the magnetic triggering duration, the longer the valve component is held in the triggering process.

[0069] It should be explained that the reed switch is set at the action sensing position of the fire hydrant valve to be tested, and is used to output the corresponding conduction signal change based on the process of the magnetic field approaching or moving away when the valve component rotates, opens or resets.

[0070] When the terminal is activated and the magnetic trigger duration is greater than or equal to the preset trigger duration threshold, it is determined that the fire hydrant under test has performed a valid valve triggering behavior and has the operating conditions to perform subsequent data collection and communication reporting, and enters the heartbeat monitoring mechanism.

[0071] When the smart terminal is not in the terminal activation state, or the magnetic trigger duration is less than the preset trigger duration threshold, it is determined that the current fire hydrant under test does not meet the entry conditions of the heartbeat monitoring mechanism, and will not enter the heartbeat monitoring mechanism. The corresponding determination result will be written into the trigger event record.

[0072] It should be noted that the preset trigger duration threshold is used to distinguish between the actual operation behavior of the valve and the instantaneous trigger caused by short-term false triggering or structural vibration. It can be set according to the mechanical response characteristics of the fire hydrant valve structure and the duration distribution of on-site operation behavior. For example, in actual operation, the average duration range of the reed switch conduction time during normal opening or closing can be statistically analyzed.

[0073] In step S2, in the heartbeat monitoring mechanism, a monitoring time window is preset and divided into multiple monitoring moments. The instantaneous flow value of the fire hydrant under test is called through the output interface of the flow sensor. The instantaneous flow value is used as the pipeline flow data to reflect the actual water usage change of the fire hydrant under test after the valve is triggered.

[0074] The link status detection interface of the communication module is accessed through the communication terminal to detect the channel occupancy data of the corresponding access communication area of ​​the fire hydrant under test. The channel occupancy data is returned in real time by the communication module in the current access communication area, including the percentage of busy channel time.

[0075] Among them, the channel busy time ratio refers to the proportion of the time that the wireless channel accessed by the communication terminal is occupied within the preset monitoring time window. It reflects the channel occupancy level of the current communication link. The larger the value, the longer the channel is occupied and the higher the communication competition intensity.

[0076] It should be explained that the preset monitoring time window can be set based on the statistical results of the duration of the outflow change after the fire hydrant valve is triggered in historical data; the flow sensor output interface is a data acquisition and interaction interface set between the terminal main control unit and the flow sensor, which reads the instantaneous flow measurement value from the flow sensor and outputs it; the link status detection interface is a link status query interface set between the communication terminal and the communication module, which is used to call the channel status monitoring unit inside the communication module; the access communication area refers to the wireless communication coverage area to which the fire hydrant under test belongs when it is currently connected to the monitoring platform through the communication terminal; the channel occupancy data is the channel resource occupancy status returned by the communication terminal interface within the access communication area, reflecting the communication competition intensity of the current communication link.

[0077] Pipeline flow data at adjacent monitoring times are selected in chronological order. The difference between the pipeline flow data at adjacent monitoring times is calculated and the absolute value is taken to obtain the flow change value corresponding to each monitoring time.

[0078] The product of the median of each flow change value and the preset change amplification factor is selected as the baseline value of the flow change.

[0079] The median of the busy duration percentage for each channel is selected as the baseline value for channel occupancy.

[0080] Read the percentage of busy channel time corresponding to the traffic change value, and compare the traffic change value with the percentage of busy channel time:

[0081] If the traffic change value corresponding to the current monitoring time is greater than or equal to the traffic change benchmark value, and the channel busy duration percentage is less than the channel occupancy benchmark value, the current monitoring time will be marked as the physical change identification time.

[0082] If the traffic change value at the current monitoring time is greater than or equal to the traffic change baseline value, and the channel busy duration percentage at the current monitoring time is greater than or equal to the channel occupancy baseline value, the current monitoring time will be marked as a communication interference associated time.

[0083] Otherwise, the current monitoring time will not be marked.

[0084] The total number of judgment times is obtained by summing the number of physical change identification times and the number of communication interference associated times. The proportion of the number of physical change identification times to the total number of judgment times is used as the interference stripping coefficient. The smaller the value, the less the link carrying capacity.

[0085] The marking results of the monitoring time are traversed in chronological order, and adjacent physical change identification times are combined into continuous physical change segments. The pipeline flow data within the continuous physical change segments reflect the actual flow changes under conditions of good communication carrying capacity.

[0086] In each continuous physical change segment, the standard deviation of the flow change value is taken as the segment fluctuation characteristic, and the product of the average value of the fluctuation characteristics of each segment and the interference stripping coefficient is taken as the trigger fluctuation index.

[0087] The trigger fluctuation index is compared with the preset trigger fluctuation threshold to analyze the triggering level of the fire hydrant under test:

[0088] If the trigger fluctuation index is greater than the preset trigger fluctuation threshold, the trigger level of the fire hydrant under test is determined to be the fluctuation trigger level.

[0089] Conversely, the triggering level of the fire hydrant under test is determined to be a stable triggering level.

[0090] When the trigger level is the stable trigger level, it means that the actual flow change process of the fire hydrant under test is relatively smooth after communication interference is removed within the current monitoring time window, and the outflow state after the valve is triggered has become stable.

[0091] When the trigger level is the fluctuation trigger level, it indicates that the fire hydrant under test has a significant flow change under the current link carrying conditions.

[0092] It should be noted that the preset change amplification factor can be set according to the historical flow fluctuation amplitude distribution, for example, a coefficient in the range of 1.2 to 1.8 can be used; the preset trigger fluctuation threshold can be set according to the segment fluctuation characteristic distribution corresponding to each continuous segment of physical change in the historical monitoring sample; for example, the upper quantile value of the average segment fluctuation value corresponding to the historical stable outflow sample can be selected as the preset trigger fluctuation threshold.

[0093] In step S3, when the triggering level is the fluctuation triggering level, the communication heartbeat reporting interval is adjusted and the communication heartbeat reporting interval adjustment process is started.

[0094] Conversely, if the current communication heartbeat reporting interval remains unchanged, this step will be terminated.

[0095] After initiating the communication heartbeat reporting interval adjustment process, access the historical heartbeat log to retrieve the communication records corresponding to the fire hydrant under test. The historical heartbeat log refers to the collection of communication records formed by continuously receiving and storing the heartbeat data packets reported by each fire hydrant smart terminal. Each communication record includes a unique device identifier and a heartbeat data packet reception timestamp, which is automatically generated by the monitoring platform at the data access layer to reflect the actual arrival status of the heartbeat report from the terminal side after network transmission.

[0096] Based on the device's unique identifier, historical heartbeat logs are filtered to extract the heartbeat data packet reception timestamps within a preset time window for the fire hydrant under test, thus obtaining the heartbeat arrival time. The heartbeat arrival time characterizes the arrival sequence position of the heartbeat in the actual communication link.

[0097] It should be noted that the preset time window is a fixed time interval that traces back from the current time. It is preset according to the default heartbeat reporting cycle and statistical stability requirements to ensure the sufficiency of samples for rhythm analysis.

[0098] Based on the heartbeat arrival time, the time interval between adjacent heartbeats is calculated to obtain the communication heartbeat reporting interval. The communication heartbeat reporting interval represents the actual arrival time interval between two consecutive heartbeats on the monitoring platform side, reflecting the beat performance of the communication heartbeat of the fire hydrant under test after network transmission.

[0099] Based on this, statistics were collected on the communication heartbeat reporting intervals, and the average and standard deviations were calculated to obtain the average arrival interval and the standard deviation of the interval, as expressed below:

[0100] ;

[0101] in, For the average arrival interval, The standard deviation of the interval. The time interval between adjacent heartbeats. This represents the total number of heartbeat arrival times. This is the index value for the heartbeat arrival time.

[0102] The average arrival interval represents the overall reporting rhythm level of the fire hydrant communication heartbeats under test within the current time window. The larger the value, the longer the average reporting period. The standard deviation of the interval represents the dispersion of the heartbeat arrival interval around the average value. The larger the value, the greater the deviation of the arrival time of each heartbeat from the average rhythm, that is, the more obvious the fluctuation of the communication rhythm.

[0103] The ratio of the standard deviation of the interval to the average arrival interval is used as the beat distribution feature. The beat distribution feature is a normalized measure of the dispersion of the time interval sequence, used to characterize the stability of the communication heartbeat reporting rhythm of the fire hydrant under test, reflecting the degree of disturbance of the actual communication link to the terminal reporting rhythm. The smaller the value of the beat distribution feature, the more concentrated the arrival time intervals of each heartbeat are, and the stable reporting rhythm of the fire hydrant under test remains within the current time window. The larger the value of the beat distribution feature, the stronger the dispersion of the arrival time intervals of the heartbeat, the higher the degree of beat dispersion, and the worse the stability of the communication rhythm.

[0104] In step S4, the wireless retransmission behavior of the fire hydrant under test within a preset statistical time window is detected and quantified. Specifically, the communication module's operation log is accessed to extract the wireless retransmission trigger records of the fire hydrant under test within the preset time window. The wireless retransmission trigger records are event markers generated when the terminal performs a retransmission operation according to the communication protocol when it does not receive an acknowledgment response.

[0105] The number of wireless retransmission trigger records within a preset time window is counted to obtain the wireless retransmission trigger count. The wireless retransmission trigger count represents the total number of retransmission events that occur within the preset time window, reflecting the frequency of data transmission failures or unreliable transmissions in the current communication link. The larger the value, the worse the link quality and the higher the degree to which communication relies on retransmissions to maintain itself.

[0106] To eliminate the influence of different time window lengths on the statistical results, the number of wireless retransmission triggers is divided by the duration of the preset time window to obtain the retransmission trigger frequency. The retransmission trigger frequency characterizes the instantaneous reliability level of the communication link. The larger the value, the more frequent the retransmission behavior per unit time, and the worse the link stability.

[0107] Set retransmission and clock cycle thresholds, and perform joint analysis of retransmission trigger frequency and clock cycle distribution characteristics to determine the current link compensation status of the fire hydrant under test:

[0108] When the retransmission trigger frequency is greater than the retransmission judgment threshold and the beat distribution characteristic is greater than the beat judgment threshold, it is determined that the current communication link of the fire hydrant under test is in the compensation transmission state, that is, the communication process depends on frequent retransmission to maintain.

[0109] When the retransmission trigger frequency is less than or equal to the retransmission judgment threshold and the beat distribution characteristic is less than or equal to the beat judgment threshold, the communication link is determined to be in a smooth transmission state, that is, the data transmission is stable and the heartbeat rhythm is concentrated.

[0110] The remaining cases are judged as transitional transmission states, which are used to characterize the communication link as being in an intermediate stage where there is a slight disturbance but the compensation mechanism has not yet been fully entered.

[0111] After determining the link compensation status, a heartbeat scheduling coefficient is set based on different link compensation statuses. The heartbeat scheduling coefficient is an adjustment factor that scales the original communication heartbeat reporting interval.

[0112] Specifically, when the link compensation state is the compensation transmission state, an extended heartbeat scheduling coefficient is set, with a value greater than 1, and the expression is as follows:

[0113] ;

[0114] in, For extended heart rate scheduling coefficients, For retransmission trigger frequency, The retransmission threshold is set as follows: For rhythm distribution characteristics, Threshold for determining the beat, and , which is a weighting coefficient used to adjust the proportion of the impact of retransmission frequency and clock frequency dispersion on the scheduling result.

[0115] A larger value for the extended heartbeat scheduling coefficient indicates a more unstable link and a greater increase in the heartbeat interval, thereby reducing the communication load caused by frequent retransmissions.

[0116] When the link compensation status is smooth transmission, a compact heartbeat scheduling coefficient is set, with a value between 0 and 1. Its calculation method is as follows:

[0117] ;

[0118] in, This is the contraction-type heart rate regulation coefficient. For retransmission trigger frequency, The retransmission threshold is set as follows: For rhythm distribution characteristics, Threshold for determining the beat, This is an adjustment factor whose value is used to control the extent to which the heart rate interval shortens.

[0119] The smaller the compacted heartbeat scheduling coefficient, the more stable the link and the more concentrated the rhythm, thus allowing for higher frequency heartbeat reporting to improve the monitoring accuracy of the fire hydrant operation process.

[0120] When the link compensation state is in the transitional transmission state, a hold-type heartbeat scheduling coefficient is set with a value of 1 to maintain the current communication heartbeat reporting interval without change, so as to avoid over-adjustment when the link state is unclear.

[0121] Finally, the communication heartbeat reporting interval is adjusted by multiplying the heartbeat scheduling coefficient obtained from the determination by the communication heartbeat reporting interval. The adjusted communication heartbeat reporting interval is then sent to the fire hydrant communication module under test to update the sending cycle of subsequent heartbeat data packets, thereby realizing adaptive communication heartbeat scheduling based on link compensation status.

[0122] It should be noted that the communication module operation log refers to the collection of communication behavior records automatically generated and stored by the built-in wireless communication module of the fire hydrant smart terminal during operation; the fire hydrant communication module under test refers to the wireless communication unit integrated in the fire hydrant smart terminal, which is used to realize the data interaction function between the terminal and the remote monitoring platform; when setting the retransmission judgment threshold and the beat judgment threshold, a historical time interval without obvious communication anomalies is selected during the normal operation phase. Based on the historical heartbeat log and the communication module operation log, the retransmission trigger frequency sequence and the beat distribution feature sequence within the corresponding time window are extracted. The mean and standard deviation of the retransmission trigger frequency and the mean and standard deviation of the beat distribution feature are calculated respectively, and each threshold is set as the sum of the mean and standard deviation; when setting the weight coefficient, the retransmission is constructed based on historical sample data. The contribution model of trigger frequency and beat distribution characteristics to communication quality is proposed. In multiple data samples with labeled link states, communication performance indicators under different combinations of retransmission trigger frequency and beat distribution characteristics are statistically analyzed. An influence factor matrix is ​​constructed through normalization, and a least-squares fitting is used to establish the objective function. Weighting coefficients are determined by minimizing the error between predicted values ​​and actual communication quality indicators. When setting adjustment coefficients, the optimal heartbeat reporting interval adjustment ratio under different retransmission trigger frequency and beat distribution characteristics is extracted from historical datasets where the link is in a smooth transmission state. The trade-off between actual communication load and monitoring accuracy is modeled to construct an objective optimization function. By performing historical playback calculations on different adjustment coefficient values, the objective function is minimized, thereby determining the adjustment coefficients.

[0123] Finally, it should be noted that in this paper, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0124] Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0125] In this document, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that terms such as “comprising / including” or “having” specify the presence of the stated features, integrals, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Meanwhile, the term “and / or” as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0126] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The various embodiments can be combined as needed, and the same or similar parts can be referred to each other.

[0127] The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable those skilled in the art to make or use various modifications to these embodiments. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fire hydrant communication heartbeat adaptive scheduling method based on multi-state coupling, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: When the valve triggering operation is performed on the fire hydrant under test, the equipment operation status information of the fire hydrant under test is retrieved and the terminal activation status is identified. The magnetic triggering duration of the reed switch inside the fire hydrant under test is collected, and the heartbeat monitoring mechanism is determined in combination with the terminal activation status. Step S2: In the heartbeat monitoring mechanism, the pipeline flow data of the fire hydrant to be tested is called, the channel occupancy data of the corresponding access communication area of ​​the fire hydrant to be tested is detected and the interference stripping coefficient is calculated. The triggering level of the fire hydrant to be tested is analyzed in combination with the pipeline flow data. Step S3: Based on the trigger grading level, determine whether to adjust the communication heartbeat reporting interval, access the historical heartbeat log to retrieve the heartbeat arrival time, and use the heartbeat arrival time to evaluate the beat distribution characteristics of the reporting rhythm of the fire hydrant under test. Step S4: Detect the number of wireless retransmission triggers of the fire hydrant under test, analyze the link compensation status of the fire hydrant under test in combination with the beat distribution characteristics, set the heartbeat scheduling coefficient using the link compensation status, and adjust the communication heartbeat reporting interval based on the heartbeat scheduling coefficient.

2. The adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, when the valve triggering operation is performed on the fire hydrant under test, the equipment operation status information of the fire hydrant under test is retrieved through the terminal main control unit, including the online status of the communication module and the sensor acquisition enable status. When the current status values ​​of the online status of the communication module and the sensor acquisition enable status are both valid, the smart terminal corresponding to the fire hydrant under test will be identified as the terminal active state. The triggering state of the reed switch is detected by the terminal main control unit. The triggering state includes the disconnected state and the on state. The moment when the disconnected state switches to the on state is recorded as the magnetic trigger start time. The moment when the conduction state is restored to the disconnection state is recorded as the magnetic triggering end time; The time difference between the end time of magnetic triggering and the start time of magnetic triggering is taken as the duration of magnetic triggering; When the terminal is activated and the magnetic trigger duration is greater than or equal to the preset trigger duration threshold, the heartbeat monitoring mechanism is entered. Conversely, it will not enter the heart rate monitoring mechanism.

3. The adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, in the heartbeat monitoring mechanism, a monitoring time window is preset and divided into multiple monitoring moments. The instantaneous flow value of the fire hydrant to be tested is called through the output interface of the flow sensor, and the instantaneous flow value is used as the pipeline flow data. The link status detection interface of the communication module is accessed through the communication terminal to detect the channel occupancy data of the corresponding access communication area of ​​the fire hydrant under test, and the channel occupancy data shows the percentage of busy channel time. Pipeline flow data at adjacent monitoring times are selected in chronological order and the flow change value is calculated. The product of the median of each flow change value and the preset change amplification factor is selected as the flow change benchmark value. The median of the busy duration percentage for each channel is selected as the baseline value for channel occupancy.

4. The adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the traffic change value and the channel busy duration percentage corresponding to each monitoring time are read, the traffic change value is compared with the traffic change benchmark value, and the channel busy duration percentage is compared with the channel occupancy benchmark value. When the traffic change value is greater than or equal to the traffic change benchmark value and the channel busy duration percentage is less than the channel occupancy benchmark value, the corresponding monitoring time will be marked as the physical change identification time. When the traffic change value is greater than or equal to the traffic change baseline value and the channel busy duration percentage is greater than or equal to the channel occupancy baseline value, the corresponding monitoring time will be marked as the communication interference associated time. Otherwise, the monitoring time will not be marked.

5. The adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the interference stripping coefficient is calculated based on the number of times physical change is identified and the number of times communication interference is associated. Adjacent physical change identification times are combined into continuous physical change segments. In each continuous physical change segment, the standard deviation of the flow rate change value is taken as the segment fluctuation characteristic. The product of the average value of the fluctuation characteristics of each segment and the interference stripping coefficient is used as the trigger fluctuation index. If the trigger fluctuation index is greater than the preset trigger fluctuation threshold, the trigger level of the fire hydrant under test is determined to be the fluctuation trigger level. Conversely, the triggering level of the fire hydrant under test is determined to be a stable triggering level.

6. The adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, when the triggering level is the fluctuation triggering level, the communication heartbeat reporting interval is adjusted and the communication heartbeat reporting interval adjustment process is started. Conversely, if the current communication heartbeat reporting interval remains unchanged, this step will be terminated. After initiating the communication heartbeat reporting interval adjustment process, access the historical heartbeat log to retrieve the communication record corresponding to the fire hydrant under test; Historical heartbeat logs refer to the collection of communication records formed by the monitoring platform continuously receiving and storing heartbeat data packets reported by each fire hydrant smart terminal during long-term operation. The communication records include the device's unique identifier and the heartbeat data packet reception timestamp.

7. The adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the historical heartbeat logs are filtered based on the device's unique identifier, and the heartbeat data packet reception timestamp of the fire hydrant under test within the preset time window is extracted to obtain the heartbeat arrival time. Based on the heartbeat arrival time, the time interval between adjacent heartbeats is calculated to obtain the communication heartbeat reporting interval. The communication heartbeat reporting intervals are statistically analyzed to calculate the average and standard deviation, thus obtaining the average arrival interval and the standard deviation of the interval. The ratio of the standard deviation of the interval to the average arrival interval is used as a characteristic of the beat distribution.

8. The adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, the communication module operation log is accessed to extract the wireless retransmission trigger records of the fire hydrant under test within a preset time window; The wireless retransmission trigger record is an event marker generated when the terminal performs a retransmission operation according to the communication protocol when it does not receive an acknowledgment response; The number of wireless retransmission trigger records within the preset time window is counted to obtain the number of wireless retransmission triggers. The number of wireless retransmission triggers is divided by the duration of the preset time window to obtain the retransmission trigger frequency. When the retransmission trigger frequency is greater than the preset retransmission judgment threshold and the clock distribution characteristics are greater than the preset clock judgment threshold, the link compensation state is determined to be the compensation transmission state. When the retransmission trigger frequency is less than or equal to the retransmission judgment threshold and the clock distribution characteristic is less than or equal to the clock judgment threshold, the link compensation state is determined to be a smooth transmission state. All other cases are classified as transitional transmission states.

9. The adaptive scheduling method for fire hydrant communication heartbeat based on multi-state coupling according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, when the link compensation state is the compensation transmission state, the extended heartbeat scheduling coefficient is set: ; When the link compensation status is smooth transmission, set the compact heartbeat scheduling coefficient: ; in, For extended heart rate scheduling coefficients, This is the contraction-type heart rate regulation coefficient. For retransmission trigger frequency, The preset retransmission threshold is used for determining the retransmission. For rhythm distribution characteristics, The preset beat determination threshold, and The preset weighting coefficients, This is the preset adjustment coefficient; When the link compensation state is in the transitional transmission state, set the hold-type heartbeat scheduling coefficient, which is equal to 1. The heartbeat scheduling coefficient obtained from the determination is multiplied by the communication heartbeat reporting interval to adjust the communication heartbeat reporting interval. The adjusted communication heartbeat reporting interval is then sent to the fire hydrant communication module under test to update the sending cycle of subsequent heartbeat data packets.

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