Adjustable tree-shaped rubbing and rolling air blowing type sea-buckthorn harvester

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of adjustable imitative tree shape kneading and rolling air blowing type sea-buckthorn harvester, belong to agricultural machinery technical field.The harvester includes mobile adjustable vehicle frame, airflow generating device, tree-shaped air blowing chamber, transport collection device and power transmission system;Tree-shaped air blowing chamber can be lifted, open and close, and the inner wall is provided with food-grade buffer pad, and the internal air pipe nozzle is distributed in imitation tree shape;Airflow generating device generates pulse airflow, cooperates with air blowing cylinder rotation to form kneading and rolling cooperative fruit removal, realizes low-damage fruit drop;Transport collection device is located below air blowing chamber, efficiently collects fruit, reduces impurities mixing.The present application can be adapted to different tree age, height, crown width sea-buckthorn plant, with high harvesting efficiency, low fruit breakage rate, no chemical pollution, suitable for large-scale sea-buckthorn plantation mechanized harvesting, solve the problem of traditional harvesting mode, such as large damage, low efficiency, many impurities, poor adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an adjustable tree-shaped rolling and blowing seabuckthorn harvester. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, the harvesting of sea buckthorn fruit still faces many bottlenecks. While manual harvesting can ensure fruit integrity to some extent, it is extremely inefficient, with limited daily harvesting capacity per person. Furthermore, the thorny branches of sea buckthorn easily cause cuts and injuries to harvesters, resulting in high labor intensity and safety risks, making it unsuitable for the harvesting needs of large-scale plantations. Traditional shake-drop harvesting relies on mechanical vibration to remove the fruit, which not only easily causes branch breakage and fruit damage but also results in a high rate of fruit residue. Some operations require spraying chemical agents to assist in fruit removal, affecting fruit quality and polluting the soil and surrounding environment. While pruning harvesting improves efficiency, it requires cutting off a large number of branches, damaging the plant's growth structure and affecting subsequent annual yields. Moreover, the process of separating fruit from branches is cumbersome and easily introduces a large amount of leaf and twig impurities, increasing subsequent processing costs.

[0004] Among existing harvesting machinery, some airflow-based devices have structural design flaws: insufficient airflow guidance precision prevents even fruit drop, resulting in low harvest yield; improper airflow control easily causes fruit impact damage; and poor connection between the collection system and the airflow device allows impurities such as mud, sand, and broken leaves to easily mix in during fruit drop, making subsequent sorting difficult. Furthermore, these devices often lack flexible operational adjustment mechanisms, making them difficult to adapt to sea buckthorn plants of different ages and growth stages, thus limiting their applicability.

[0005] With the large-scale development of the sea buckthorn industry, the market urgently needs a mechanized equipment that can achieve low-damage separation of fruits and plants, high harvesting efficiency, and low impurity content. Based on this, this invention proposes an air-blowing sea buckthorn harvester, aiming to solve the problems of low efficiency, high damage, and high impurity content in existing harvesting methods, meet the needs of efficient mechanized operations in large-scale sea buckthorn plantations, and provide technical support for the sustainable development of the sea buckthorn industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a seabuckthorn harvester suitable for industrial production. The present invention adopts pulse airflow injection and air-blowing drum to remove fruit in a coordinated manner, so as to achieve gentle fruit removal in a closed buffer space, significantly reducing fruit damage and plant damage, and with no chemical fruit removal and low impurities throughout the process.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: 1. An adjustable tree-shaped rolling air-blowing seabuckthorn harvester, comprising a movable adjustable frame (1), an airflow generating device (2), a tree-shaped air-blowing chamber (3), a cab (4), a transport and collection device (5), and a power transmission system, characterized in that: the movable adjustable frame (1) comprises an engine (11), a lifting hydraulic rod (12), a front steering wheel (13), a rear steering wheel (14), and a guide rail (15); The upper end of the lifting hydraulic rod (12) is connected to the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3), and the lower end is connected to the frame, which is used to drive the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) to rise and fall; the airflow generating device (2) is located on the upper end of the movable adjustable frame (1), including a centrifugal fan (21), a regulating valve (22), and an air pipe (23). The centrifugal fan (21) can generate pulse airflow, and the regulating valve (22) is used to adjust the airflow intensity and pulse frequency; The tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) is located on the upper end of the movable adjustable frame (1). The bottom of its outer shell (31) is provided with a pulley (37). The pulley (37) slides with the guide rail (15). Horizontal hydraulic rods (36) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame. The horizontal hydraulic rods (36) drive the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) to open and close horizontally. The tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) is provided with a main air pipe (32), a branch air pipe (34), an air pipe nozzle (35) and an air blowing roller (33). The air pipe nozzle (35) is connected to the branch air pipe (34). The air blowing roller (33) is arranged radially in layers according to the height and width of the sea buckthorn canopy along the outer wall of the air blowing roller (33). The inner wall of the outer shell (31) is covered with a food-grade cushioning pad. The transport and collection device (5) is located at the lower end of the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) and the upper end of the movable adjustable frame (1); the power transmission system uses the engine (11) as the power source to drive the air blowing drum (33) to rotate, and cooperates with the pulse airflow to form a coordinated fruit removal.

[0008] Furthermore, the centrifugal fan (21) introduces the pulsed airflow into the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) through the air pipe (23). The airflow is evenly applied to the sea buckthorn plant through the radially arranged air pipe nozzles (35). The air blowing roller (33) has branch pipes arranged in layers along the vertical direction of the outer wall. The rotation speed is 30-60 r / min. The diameter of the air pipe nozzles (35) is 3-5 mm. The airflow spray direction is arranged at a 60° angle with the tangent direction of the outer circle of the air blowing roller (33). The rotation of the air blowing roller (33) is combined to achieve flexible fruit removal.

[0009] Furthermore, the centrifugal fan (21) outputs a pulse airflow frequency of 10 to 50 Hz, and the airflow speed is adjustable in the range of 10 to 30 m / s.

[0010] Furthermore, the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) consists of two symmetrical shells (31), with the main air pipe (32) located in the middle of the shell (31) and the branch air pipe (34) connected to the side of the main air pipe (32). The food-grade buffer pad on the inner wall of the shell (31) is ≥5mm thick and is used to buffer the impact of the fruit and reduce the breakage rate.

[0011] Furthermore, the horizontal hydraulic rods (36) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable adjustable frame (1) to drive the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) to open and close horizontally in both directions along the guide rail (15) for centering.

[0012] Furthermore, the engine (11) is located on the upper end of the movable adjustable frame (1), and the power transmission system is connected to the walking mechanism, the lifting hydraulic rod (12), the horizontal hydraulic rod (36), the centrifugal fan (21) and the air blowing drum (33) respectively, so as to realize the integrated power drive of the whole machine.

[0013] Furthermore, both the front steering wheel (13) and the rear steering wheel (14) are equipped with shock absorption mechanisms and anti-skid tires to adapt to mountain and slope working environments.

[0014] Furthermore, the transport and collection device (5) includes a belt plate (51), a belt plate baffle (52), a conveyor belt side plate (53), a drive shaft (54), a driven shaft (55), and a collection box (56). The belt plate (51) is arranged at an angle to realize the collection and transport of fruits.

[0015] Furthermore, the regulating valve (22) adjusts the airflow speed and pulse frequency by controlling the valve port size to adapt to the harvesting needs of sea buckthorn fruits with different maturity levels.

[0016] Furthermore, the tree-shaped finger bronchioles are arranged radially in layers along the height and width of the sea buckthorn plant canopy, ensuring that the airflow fully covers the fruiting parts of the plant.

[0017] In response to the problems of high labor intensity, low efficiency, high fruit damage rate, severe plant damage, poor adaptability, and easy ecological pollution in existing sea buckthorn harvesting technologies, this invention provides a low-damage sea buckthorn harvesting device that uses pulsed airflow and air-blown drum rotation in synergy, enabling efficient and green harvesting in large-scale plantations while ensuring fruit quality and plant growth. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] By using pulsed airflow and air-blowing drum rotation in synergy, combined with the tree-shaped airflow distribution in the tree-shaped air-blowing chamber (3), the fruit is subjected to uniform force and falls off gently, greatly reducing the fruit breakage rate and branch damage, and ensuring fruit quality and subsequent plant growth.

[0019] The height of the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) can be adjusted by lifting hydraulic rod (12), and the opening and closing angle is controlled by horizontal hydraulic rod (36) and servo motor. It can adapt to sea buckthorn plants of different ages, heights and crown widths, and has a wider range of applications.

[0020] The interior of the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) is covered with a food-grade buffer pad. The airflow intensity is precisely controlled by the regulating valve (22) to reduce fruit impact damage. The collection device is seamlessly connected with the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) and the conveying device to reduce impurities and alleviate subsequent sorting pressure.

[0021] No chemical agents need to be sprayed throughout the process, avoiding ecological pollution; the mechanized continuous operation mode greatly improves harvesting efficiency, solves the pain points of high labor intensity of manual harvesting and high residue rate of traditional mechanical harvesting, and is suitable for the needs of large-scale plantations. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the tree-shaped air blowing chamber of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the movable adjustable frame and lifting mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow generating device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tree-shaped air tube distribution inside the tree-shaped air blowing chamber of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the conveying device and the collecting device of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Movable and adjustable frame; 2. Airflow generator; 3. Tree-shaped air blowing chamber; 4. Cab; 5. Transport and collection device; 11. Engine; 12. Lifting hydraulic rod; 13. Front steering wheel; 14. Rear steering wheel; 15. Guide rail; 21. Centrifugal fan; 22. Regulating valve; 23. Air pipe; 31. Outer casing; 32. Main air pipe; 33. Air blowing drum; 34. Branch air pipe; 35. Air pipe nozzle; 36. Horizontal hydraulic rod; 37. Pulley; 51. Belt plate; 52. Belt plate baffle; 53. Conveyor belt side plate; 54. Drive shaft; 55. Driven shaft; 56. Collection box. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Key details of each implementation step are described in detail. All embodiments involved are based on the core concept of the present invention and do not exceed the scope of protection.

[0030] The machine adopts a modular design, with each component arranged compactly and smoothly. The movable and adjustable frame is made of high-strength and lightweight alloy material, which takes into account both structural stability and maneuverability. The front and rear steering wheels at the bottom, together with the walking motor, can realize flexible steering and smooth movement during operation, adapting to the complex field road conditions in sea buckthorn plantations. The power mechanism on the top of the frame integrates core components such as centrifugal fan (21), engine (11), horizontal hydraulic rod (36), and lifting hydraulic rod (12), providing stable power support for the machine's movement, air blowing, lifting, opening and closing actions.

[0031] The airflow generating device (2) is the core of the harvesting process. The airflow generated by the centrifugal fan (21) is precisely controlled by the regulating valve (22) to regulate the flow rate and pulse frequency, and is introduced into the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) through the main air pipe (32). The regulating valve (22) can flexibly adjust the airflow intensity according to the maturity of the sea buckthorn fruit and the toughness of the branches, so as to avoid fruit damage due to excessive airflow or incomplete harvesting due to insufficient airflow. The air pipe nozzles (35) are distributed in a tree-like shape along the branch pipes (34) on the side of the main air pipe (32), which can make the airflow evenly cover the plant canopy, ensuring that the fruit in different positions can be subjected to the appropriate airflow, thereby improving the harvesting rate.

[0032] The tree-shaped air-blowing chamber (3) adopts an openable and closable structure. The outer shell (31) is connected to the guide rail (15) through pulleys (37), and the horizontal hydraulic rods (36) on both sides drive it to open and close smoothly, which is convenient for wrapping sea buckthorn plants with different crown widths. The inner wall of the tree-shaped air-blowing chamber (3) is covered with a food-grade cushioning pad, which is soft and wear-resistant, and can effectively buffer the impact force when the fruit falls, further reducing the risk of damage. The power transmission system drives the air-blowing roller (33) to rotate, and works in coordination with the pulse airflow. It assists the fruit to fall off through gentle mechanical disturbance, while avoiding excessive bending and damage to the branches. During operation, after the tree-shaped air-blowing chamber (3) wraps the plant, the airflow and rolling action start synchronously, and the fruit falls to the transport and collection device below, realizing a closed-loop connection of the harvesting process.

[0033] The conveying device is located below the tree-shaped air-blowing chamber (3) and consists of a belt plate (51), belt plate baffles (52), and side plates (53) on both sides. The surface of the belt plate (51) is made of anti-slip and wear-resistant material, and the belt plate is tilted at 15° to ensure that the fruit is conveyed smoothly without slipping. The belt plate baffles (52) can prevent the fruit from falling from both sides, and the conveying speed is precisely matched with the harvesting rhythm to avoid fruit accumulation. The end of the conveying device is tightly connected to the fruit collection device, which adopts a large-capacity collection box (56) with a flexible lining inside to further protect the integrity of the fruit and facilitate subsequent centralized transfer.

[0034] The lifting hydraulic rod (12) connects the bottom of the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) to the vehicle frame, and can flexibly adjust the working height of the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) according to the height of the sea buckthorn plant, adapting to both low shrubs and taller plants. During operation, the lifting, opening and closing, wind speed, frequency, and rotation speed are all centrally controlled in the cab, allowing for one-button adaptation to sea buckthorn of different ages, heights, and crown widths.

[0035] The specific usage is as follows: The seabuckthorn harvester is carried by a movable adjustable frame (1), and the cab (4) centrally controls the operation of the whole machine. The engine (11) provides power for walking, air blowing, lifting, opening and closing, and conveying. During operation, the front steering wheel (13) and the rear steering wheel (14) drive the equipment to move. The lifting hydraulic rod (12) adjusts the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) to the appropriate height. The horizontal hydraulic rod (36) drives the outer shell (31) to open and close horizontally along the guide rail (15) to wrap the seabuckthorn plant. The centrifugal fan (21) of the airflow generating device (2) generates pulse airflow. After the wind speed and frequency are adjusted by the regulating valve (22), the airflow is evenly sprayed out through the air pipe (23), the main air pipe (32), and the branch air pipe (34) by the air pipe nozzle (35). At the same time, the air blowing drum (33) rotates. The pulse airflow and the drum tumbling work together to remove the fruit. The fallen fruit falls into the lower transport and collection device (5) and is transported to the collection box (56) by the belt plate (51) to complete the collection.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. If those skilled in the art, inspired by this description, design similar structural methods and embodiments without departing from the inventive spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable tree-shaped rolling and blowing seabuckthorn harvester, comprising a movable and adjustable frame (1), an airflow generating device (2), a tree-shaped blowing chamber (3), a cab (4), a transport and collection device (5), and a power transmission system, characterized in that: The movable adjustable frame (1) includes an engine (11), a lifting hydraulic rod (12), a front steering wheel (13), a rear steering wheel (14), and a guide rail (15). The upper end of the lifting hydraulic rod (12) is connected to the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3), and the lower end is connected to the frame. It is used to drive the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) to rise and fall vertically. The airflow generating device (2) is located on the upper end of the movable adjustable frame (1) and includes a centrifugal fan (21), a regulating valve (22), and an air pipe (23). The centrifugal fan (21) is used to generate pulsed airflow, and the regulating valve (22) is used to adjust the airflow intensity and pulse frequency. The tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) is located on the upper end of the movable adjustable frame (1). The bottom of its outer shell (31) is provided with a pulley (37). The pulley (37) slides with the guide rail (15). Horizontal hydraulic rods (36) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame. The horizontal hydraulic rods (36) drive the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) to open and center horizontally in both directions. The tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) is provided with a main air pipe (32), a branch air pipe (34), an air pipe nozzle (35) and an air blowing roller (33). The air pipe nozzle (35) is connected to the branch air pipe (34). The air blowing roller (33) is arranged radially in layers according to the height and width of the sea buckthorn canopy along the outer wall of the air blowing roller (33). The inner wall of the outer shell (31) is covered with a food-grade cushioning pad. The transport and collection device (5) is located at the lower end of the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) and the upper end of the movable adjustable frame (1); the power transmission system uses the engine (11) as the power source to drive the air blowing drum (33) to rotate, and works together with the pulse airflow to achieve fruit removal.

2. The adjustable tree-shaped rolling and air-blowing seabuckthorn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal fan (21) introduces pulsed airflow into the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) through the air pipe (23). The airflow is evenly applied to the sea buckthorn plant through the radially arranged air pipe nozzles (35). The air blowing roller (33) has branch pipes arranged in layers along the vertical direction of the outer wall. The rotation speed is 30-60 r / min. The diameter of the air pipe nozzles (35) is 3-5 mm. The spray direction of the air pipe nozzles (35) is at a 60° angle with the tangent direction of the outer circle of the air blowing roller (33).

3. The adjustable tree-shaped rolling and air-blowing seabuckthorn harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The centrifugal fan (21) outputs a pulse airflow frequency of 10 to 50 Hz, and the airflow speed is adjustable in the range of 10 to 30 m / s.

4. The adjustable tree-shaped rolling and air-blowing seabuckthorn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) consists of two symmetrical shells (31). The main air pipe (32) is located in the middle of the shell (31), and the branch air pipe (34) is connected to the side of the main air pipe (32). The food-grade buffer pad on the inner wall of the shell (31) is ≥5mm thick and is used to buffer the impact of the fruit and reduce the damage rate.

5. The adjustable tree-shaped rolling and air-blowing seabuckthorn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal hydraulic rod (36) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable adjustable frame (1), and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the corresponding outer shell (31) to drive the tree-shaped air blowing chamber (3) to open and close horizontally along the guide rail (15) for alignment.

6. The adjustable tree-shaped rolling and air-blowing seabuckthorn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engine (11) is located on the upper end of the movable adjustable frame (1), and the power transmission system is connected to the walking mechanism, the lifting hydraulic rod (12), the horizontal hydraulic rod (36), the centrifugal fan (21) and the air blowing drum (33) respectively, so as to realize the integrated power drive of the whole machine.

7. The adjustable tree-shaped rolling and air-blowing seabuckthorn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the front steering wheel (13) and the rear steering wheel (14) are equipped with shock absorption mechanisms and anti-skid tires, making them suitable for mountain and slope operations.

8. The adjustable tree-shaped rolling and air-blowing seabuckthorn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transport and collection device (5) includes a belt plate (51), a belt plate baffle (52), a conveyor belt side plate (53), a drive shaft (54), a driven shaft (55), and a collection box (56). The belt plate (51) is arranged at an inclination of 15° to realize the collection and transport of fruits.

9. The adjustable tree-shaped rolling and air-blowing seabuckthorn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regulating valve (22) adopts an adjustable valve structure, and the airflow speed and pulse frequency can be precisely controlled by adjusting the valve opening degree.

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