Multimodal antimicrobial bioheterojunction, methods of making and applications thereof
By constructing MXene/FeCu-MOF heterojunctions and combining CDT, PDT, and PTT therapies, the drug resistance problem of MRSA was solved, achieving highly efficient and precise antibacterial effects, avoiding antibiotic resistance, and improving antibacterial efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SUZHOU INST OF BIOMEDICAL ENG & TECH CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, antibiotic treatment for MRSA infection suffers from drug resistance issues, and traditional nanomaterials such as MXene have low ROS generation efficiency, which limits their antibacterial effects.
By constructing MXene/FeCu-MOF heterojunctions and modulating their band structure and near-infrared plasma effects, synergistic effects of chemokinetic therapy (CDT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photothermal therapy (PTT) are achieved, thereby enhancing the antibacterial effect.
It achieves highly efficient eradication of MRSA, avoids antibiotic resistance, improves antibacterial efficiency, and reduces damage to normal tissues, providing a novel solution for non-antibiotic treatment.
Smart Images
Figure CN122140932A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the fields of nanomaterials and biology, and particularly to a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure, its preparation method and application. Background Technology
[0002] Infections caused by pathogens remain a challenging problem in clinical treatment. While antibiotic treatment can effectively alleviate infections, it can lead to various adverse reactions, such as bacterial resistance, seriously threatening human health and safety. More than 40% of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA is a highly resistant pathogen whose biofilm can adhere to implant surfaces, exhibiting strong anti-host immunity and inhibiting the penetration of bactericidal agents (especially antibiotics), significantly increasing the difficulty of treatment. Therefore, exploring antibiotic-free treatment platforms to rapidly and effectively combat MRSA-induced clinical infections is urgently needed.
[0003] Currently, photothermal therapy (PTT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT) based on the properties of nanomaterials have attracted much attention due to their low invasiveness, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, and low drug resistance. CDT utilizes the Fenton reaction to convert endogenous H2O2 into ROS via metal ions, thereby achieving bactericidal and therapeutic effects. Although highly toxic ROS has been proven effective in eliminating drug-resistant bacteria, the limited supply of endogenous H2O2 restricts the antibacterial effect of CDT. To improve antibacterial efficiency, PTT, CDT, and PDT are often used in combination to achieve a synergistic effect greater than the sum of their parts (1+1>2).
[0004] Bioheterostructures can effectively combine multimodal antibacterial strategies. Their construction involves connecting two semiconductor elements with different band gaps, thereby modifying the chemical composition and band gap of the elements to incorporate multiple functional properties. MXene nanosheets, as a semiconductor, are widely used in the construction of bioheterostructures due to their strong photothermal effect under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. Furthermore, many studies have shown that MXene nanosheets can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under specific conditions, thus exhibiting antibacterial effects. However, the efficiency of MXene in generating ROS is often low, limiting its application as an ideal antibacterial material on its own. The design of novel bioheterostructures that combine MXene with other materials holds promise for achieving potent antipathogenic effects and promoting healing in infected wounds. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure, its preparation method, and its applications. This invention innovatively constructs an MXene / FeCu-MOF heterostructure, effectively promoting directional charge transfer by modulating its band structure and near-infrared plasma effects, thereby significantly enhancing the efficacy of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), and producing a synergistic effect with photothermal therapy (PTT). Based on this, this invention designs a novel multimodal non-antibiotic treatment strategy that can achieve highly efficient killing and elimination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for preparing a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of a dispersion of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets; S2. Preparation of Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework materials: FeCu-MOF; S3. The multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure is prepared by combining a single layer of Ti3C2 nanosheets with FeCu-MOF.
[0007] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes: S1-1, Preparation of multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene: HCl solution and LiF were mixed to obtain HF etching solution; MAX powder was added to HF etching solution and reacted under heating. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed, and the resulting precipitate was dried to obtain multilayer Ti3C2T. x MXene; S1-2, Take multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene was added to deionized water, sonicated and centrifuged under N2 atmosphere, and the supernatant was collected to obtain a dispersion for preparing monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets.
[0008] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes: Terephthalic acid and PVP were added to DMF solution and stirred until completely dissolved. Then FeCl3•6H2O and CuCl2•2H2O were added and stirred. The resulting mixture was added to a high-pressure reactor and reacted under heating. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged, and the resulting precipitate was washed and dried to obtain Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework material, denoted as FeCu-MOF.
[0009] Preferably, step S3 specifically involves: adding FeCu-MOF to a dispersion of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets, sonicating, centrifuging, washing and drying the solid product to obtain a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure.
[0010] Preferably, the method for preparing the multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of a dispersion of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets: S1-1, Preparation of multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene: Mix 10-40 mL of 9M HCl solution with 1-4 g of LiF and stir at room temperature for 15-60 min to obtain an HF etching solution; add 0.5-2 g of MAX powder to the HF etching solution and react at 40-50 °C for 18-72 h. Wash the product with deionized water and ethanol alternately by centrifugation until the pH of the supernatant is 5-7. Dry the precipitate under vacuum at 40-60 °C overnight to obtain multilayer Ti3C2T. x MXene; S1-2, Take 150-600 mg of multilayer Ti3C2T x Add MXene to 15-60 mL of deionized water, sonicate at 20-80 W for 15-60 min under N2 atmosphere, then centrifuge at 1750-7000 rpm for 0.5-2 h, collect the supernatant to obtain the dispersion for preparing monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets. S2. Preparation of Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework materials: Add 0.5-2 g of terephthalic acid and 0.35-1.4 g of PVP to 35-140 mL of DMF solution and stir until completely dissolved. Then add 0.81-3.24 g of FeCl3•6H2O and 0.34-1.36 g of CuCl2•2H2O and stir for 15-60 min. Add the resulting mixture to a high-pressure reactor and react at 100-140 °C for 3-12 h. After cooling to room temperature, centrifuge at 1500-7000 rpm for 2-10 min. Wash the resulting precipitate twice with DMF and methanol by centrifugation, respectively. Dry under vacuum at 40-60 °C overnight and grind to obtain Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework material, denoted as FeCu-MOF. S3. Composite Ti3C2 nanosheets with FeCu-MOF: Add 10-40 mg of FeCu-MOF powder to a dispersion of 0.5-2 mL of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets with a concentration of 5-20 mg / mL, sonicate for 5-20 minutes, centrifuge, wash the precipitate with deionized water, and vacuum dry to obtain a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure.
[0011] Preferably, the method for preparing the multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of a dispersion of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets: S1-1, Preparation of multilayer Ti3C2T xMXene: Mix 20 mL of 9 M HCl solution and 2 g of LiF at room temperature for 30 min to obtain an HF etching solution; add 1.0 g of MAX powder to the HF etching solution and react at 45 °C for 36 h. Wash the product with deionized water and ethanol alternately by centrifugation until the pH of the supernatant is 6. Dry the precipitate under vacuum at 50 °C overnight to obtain multilayer T3C2T. x MXene; S1-2, Take 300mg of multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene was added to 30 mL of deionized water and sonicated at 40 W for 30 min under N2 atmosphere. Then it was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 1 h and the supernatant was collected to obtain the dispersion for preparing monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets. S2. Preparation of Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework materials: 1 g of terephthalic acid and 0.7 g of PVP were added to 70 mL of DMF solution and stirred until completely dissolved. Then, 1.62 g of FeCl3•6H2O and 0.68 g of CuCl2•2H2O were added and stirred for 30 min. The resulting mixture was added to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 120 °C for 6 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 min. The resulting precipitate was washed twice by centrifugation with DMF and methanol, respectively, and dried under vacuum at 50 °C overnight. After grinding, Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework material was obtained, denoted as FeCu-MOF. S3. Composite Ti3C2 nanosheets with FeCu-MOF: 20 mg of FeCu-MOF powder was added to 1 mL of a dispersion of 10 mg / mL monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets, sonicated for 10 minutes, centrifuged, the precipitate was washed with deionized water and vacuum dried to obtain a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure.
[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure, which is prepared by the method described above.
[0013] A third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure described above in the preparation of antibacterial materials.
[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an antimicrobial material comprising a multimodal antimicrobial bioheterostructure as described above, the antimicrobial material being used to kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
[0015] Preferably, the antibacterial material is subjected to infrared light irradiation during use to kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The MXene / FuCu-MOF heterojunction constructed in this invention innovatively integrates three antibacterial mechanisms: chemodynamic (CDT), photodynamic (PDT), and photothermal (PTT). The three mechanisms produce a cascade synergistic effect, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional single therapy, such as limited efficiency and easy development of tolerance, and can achieve powerful and comprehensive elimination of drug-resistant bacteria such as MRSA; (2) The solution of the present invention can avoid the risk of inducing bacteria to develop further drug resistance by using a “non-antibiotic” bactericidal pathway that combines physical (photothermal) and chemical (reactive oxygen) methods without relying on traditional antibiotics, and provides a novel and sustainable solution to the global antibiotic resistance crisis. (3) This invention utilizes the high photothermal conversion efficiency of MXene and the catalytic properties of FuCu-MOF to achieve efficient coupling and performance enhancement of functional components through a heterojunction structure. This design not only significantly improves antibacterial efficiency, but also has the potential to reduce damage to normal tissues through precise spatiotemporal control (such as near-infrared light triggering), demonstrating superior treatment precision. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 The microscopic characterization results of monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF and M / M are shown, including: (a) transmission electron microscope image of monolayer MXene; (b) scanning electron microscope image of FeCu-MOF; (c) transmission electron microscope image of M / M heterojunction. Figure 2 (a) X-ray diffraction patterns and (b) X-ray photoelectron spectra of monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF and M / M heterojunctions; Figure 3 (a) Thermal imaging images of monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF and M / M heterojunctions and (b) Temperature changes at different times; Figure 4 Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of (a) hydroxyl radicals, (b) singlet oxygen and (c) superoxide anions in monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF and M / M heterojunctions; Figure 5 (a) Antibacterial effect and (b) antibacterial rate of monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF and M / M heterojunction on MRSA; Figure 6 Laser confocal microscopy images of live and dead staining of MRSA treated with monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF and M / M heterojunction. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.
[0019] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.
[0020] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available. For examples where specific conditions are not specified, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed. For reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified, they are all commercially available products.
[0021] Example 1 A multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure, the preparation method of which includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of a dispersion of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets: S1-1, Preparation of multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene: Using MAX (Ti3AlC2) as raw material, Al was etched with HF acid to obtain multilayer MXene (Ti3C2T) x The specific steps are as follows: Take 20 mL of 9M HCl solution and 2 g of LiF, mix and stir at room temperature for 30 min to obtain HF etching solution; take 1.0 g of MAX (Ti3AlC2) powder and slowly add it to the HF etching solution, react in a reactor at 45℃ for 36 h, wash the product with deionized water and ethanol alternately by centrifugation until the pH of the supernatant is 6, and vacuum dry the precipitate at 50℃ overnight to obtain multilayer T3C2T x MXene.
[0022] S1-2. Preparation of monolayer Ti3C2MXene by ultrasonication: The specific steps are as follows: Take 300 mg of multilayer Ti3C2MXene... x MXene was added to 30 mL of deionized water and sonicated at 40 W for 30 min under N2 atmosphere. Then it was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 1 h. The supernatant was collected to obtain the dispersion for preparing monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets. It was then stored in a refrigerator at 4 °C for later use.
[0023] S2. One-step solvothermal method for preparing Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework materials: 1 g of terephthalic acid (BDC) and 0.7 g of PVP were added to 70 mL of DMF solution and stirred until completely dissolved. Then, 1.62 g of FeCl3•6H2O and 0.68 g of CuCl2•2H2O were added and stirred for 30 min. The resulting mixture was added to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 120 °C for 6 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 min. The resulting precipitate was washed twice by centrifugation with DMF and methanol, respectively, and dried under vacuum at 50 °C overnight. The dried precipitate was then ground in a mortar to obtain the Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework material, denoted as FeCu-MOF.
[0024] S3. Composite Ti3C2 nanosheets with FeCu-MOF: 20 mg of FeCu-MOF powder was added to 1 mL of a dispersion of 10 mg / mL monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets. The mixture was sonicated for 10 minutes, centrifuged, and the precipitate was washed with deionized water and dried under vacuum to obtain a multimodal antibacterial bioheterojunction, denoted as MXene / FeCu-MOF or M / M heterojunction.
[0025] Performance characterization and testing 1. Reference Figure 1 The microscopic characterization results of the monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF and M / M prepared in Example 1 are shown, including: (a) transmission electron microscope image of monolayer MXene; (b) scanning electron microscope image of FeCu-MOF; and (c) transmission electron microscope image of M / M heterojunction.
[0026] 2. Reference Figure 2 The X-ray diffraction pattern (a) and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (b) of the monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF and M / M heterojunction prepared in Example 1 are shown.
[0027] 3. Reference Figure 3 The images shown are (a) thermal imaging images and (b) thermal images of the monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF, and M / M heterojunctions prepared in Example 1 at 1.5 W / cm². -2 Temperature changes at different times under NIR irradiation with different power; 4. Reference Figure 4The following are the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of (a) hydroxyl radicals, (b) singlet oxygen, and (c) superoxide anions of the monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF, and M / M heterojunctions prepared in Example 1. Specifically, hydroxyl radicals were captured using DMPO (5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrrolline-N-oxide) as a probe; singlet oxygen was captured using TEMP (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine) as a probe; and superoxide anions were captured using BMPO (5-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrrolline-N-oxide) as a probe. H2O2 was added as a trigger, and the samples were placed in an EPR resonant cavity for testing.
[0028] Experimental results show that M / M heterojunctions can generate stronger hydroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen, and superoxide anions in the presence of H2O2, thus achieving highly efficient antibacterial activity.
[0029] 5. Antibacterial performance test Using methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300) as a model pathogen, the antibacterial activity of M / M heterojunctions was evaluated by plate spreading method. First, Luria-Bertani (LB) broth and Luria-Bertani agar were used as culture media. The bacteria were incubated in LB broth at 37°C and 200 rpm for 24 hours. To observe the antibacterial effect, 2 μL of 1 mg / mL M / M dispersion was mixed with 1 mL of bacterial suspension (10... 7 Mix (CFU / mL), incubate at 180 rpm at room temperature for 12 h, dilute 100 times, spread 30 μL of bacterial mixture evenly on LB agar plates, incubate at 37℃ for 24 hours, and then take colony images with a digital camera.
[0030] Using PBS, monolayer Ti3C2MXene, and FeCu-MOF with the same added amounts as the M / M ratios above, multiple experimental groups were set up, including the following groups: The blank control group (using PBS), the MXene group (using the monolayer Ti3C2MXene of Example 1), the FeCu-MOF group (using the FeCu-MOF of Example 1), and the M / M group (using the M / M heterojunction of Example 1) were all tested under conditions of no infrared light (NIR-) and infrared light (NIR+). The infrared light irradiation parameters were: 808 nm near-infrared light (power density 1.5 W / cm²) for 10 minutes.
[0031] Test results are as follows Figure 5As shown, the antibacterial effects (a) and antibacterial rates (b) of monolayer Ti3C2MXene, FeCu-MOF, and M / M heterojunctions on MRSA are illustrated. The test results show that compared with the MXene group and the FeCu-MOF group, the M / M heterojunction group exhibits a higher antibacterial rate, reaching approximately 100% under NIR irradiation conditions.
[0032] 6. CLSM-based bacterial activity assessment Visible / dead bacteria were visually assessed using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), and bacterial cells were fluorescently stained using a Calcein, AM / PI double staining kit. Bacteria (10... 9 After incubating the bacterial suspension (CFU / mL) with PBS, MXene (2 μg / mL), FeCu-MOF (2 μg / mL), and M / M (2 μg / mL) for 12 hours, the suspension was collected and washed three times with PBS. Subsequently, the suspension was stained with Calcein-AM and PI. After staining, the treated bacteria were washed twice with PBS. Images of the stained bacteria were then observed and captured from two different microscopic views using a CLSM. The control group consisted of untreated bacteria, not co-incubated with the material, and subjected to the same staining procedure.
[0033] The results are as follows Figure 6 As shown, NIR- and NIR+ represent the experimental groups without infrared light and with infrared light, respectively. The test results show that, under conditions without near-infrared laser irradiation, the antibacterial performance of the M / M heterojunction group is significantly improved compared to the MXene and FeCu-MOF groups. Under near-infrared laser irradiation, due to the PDT and PTT effects, the M / M heterojunction group achieves the highest antibacterial effect.
[0034] In summary, this invention successfully prepared a multimodal synergistic antibacterial bioheterojunction based on MXene and FuCu-MOF. This heterojunction system integrates multiple bactericidal mechanisms of chemodynamic therapy (CDT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photothermal therapy (PTT), enabling highly efficient and antibiotic-free clearance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and exhibiting excellent antibacterial activity.
[0035] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of a dispersion of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets; S2. Preparation of Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework materials: FeCu-MOF; S3. The multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure is prepared by combining a single layer of Ti3C2 nanosheets with FeCu-MOF.
2. The method for preparing the multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 is as follows: S1-1, Preparation of multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene: HCl solution and LiF were mixed to obtain HF etching solution; MAX powder was added to HF etching solution and reacted under heating. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed, and the resulting precipitate was dried to obtain multilayer Ti3C2T. x MXene; S1-2, Take multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene was added to deionized water, sonicated and centrifuged under N2 atmosphere, and the supernatant was collected to obtain a dispersion for preparing monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets.
3. The method for preparing the multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 is as follows: Terephthalic acid and PVP were added to DMF solution and stirred until completely dissolved. Then FeCl3•6H2O and CuCl2•2H2O were added and stirred. The resulting mixture was added to a high-pressure reactor and reacted under heating. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged, and the resulting precipitate was washed and dried to obtain Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework material, denoted as FeCu-MOF.
4. The method for preparing the multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically involves adding FeCu-MOF to a dispersion of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets, sonicating, centrifuging, washing and drying the solid product to obtain a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure.
5. The method for preparing the multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of a dispersion of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets: S1-1, Preparation of multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene: Mix 10-40 mL of 9M HCl solution with 1-4 g of LiF and stir at room temperature for 15-60 min to obtain an HF etching solution; add 0.5-2 g of MAX powder to the HF etching solution and react at 40-50 °C for 18-72 h. Wash the product with deionized water and ethanol alternately by centrifugation until the pH of the supernatant is 5-7. Dry the precipitate under vacuum at 40-60 °C overnight to obtain multilayer T3C2T. x MXene; S1-2, Take 150-600 mg of multilayer Ti3C2T x Add MXene to 15-60 mL of deionized water, sonicate at 20-80 W for 15-60 min under N2 atmosphere, then centrifuge at 1750-7000 rpm for 0.5-2 h, collect the supernatant to obtain the dispersion for preparing monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets. S2. Preparation of Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework materials: Add 0.5-2 g of terephthalic acid and 0.35-1.4 g of PVP to 35-140 mL of DMF solution and stir until completely dissolved. Then add 0.81-3.24 g of FeCl3•6H2O and 0.34-1.36 g of CuCl2•2H2O and stir for 15-60 min. Add the resulting mixture to a high-pressure reactor and react at 100-140 °C for 3-12 h. After cooling to room temperature, centrifuge at 1500-7000 rpm for 2-10 min. Wash the resulting precipitate twice with DMF and methanol by centrifugation, respectively. Dry under vacuum at 40-60 °C overnight and grind to obtain Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework material, denoted as FeCu-MOF. S3. Composite Ti3C2 nanosheets with FeCu-MOF: Add 10-40 mg of FeCu-MOF powder to a dispersion of 0.5-2 mL of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets with a concentration of 5-20 mg / mL, sonicate for 5-20 minutes, centrifuge, wash the precipitate with deionized water, and vacuum dry to obtain a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure.
6. The method for preparing the multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of a dispersion of monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets: S1-1, Preparation of multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene: Mix 20 mL of 9 M HCl solution with 2 g of LiF and stir at room temperature for 30 min to obtain an HF etching solution; add 1.0 g of MAX powder to the HF etching solution and react at 45 °C for 36 h. Wash the product with deionized water and ethanol alternately by centrifugation until the pH of the supernatant is 6. Dry the precipitate under vacuum at 50 °C overnight to obtain multilayer Ti3C2T. x MXene; S1-2, Take 300mg of multilayer Ti3C2T x MXene was added to 30 mL of deionized water and sonicated at 40 W for 30 min under N2 atmosphere. Then it was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 1 h and the supernatant was collected to obtain the dispersion for preparing monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets. S2. Preparation of Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework materials: 1 g of terephthalic acid and 0.7 g of PVP were added to 70 mL of DMF solution and stirred until completely dissolved. Then, 1.62 g of FeCl3•6H2O and 0.68 g of CuCl2•2H2O were added and stirred for 30 min. The resulting mixture was added to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 120 °C for 6 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 min. The resulting precipitate was washed twice by centrifugation with DMF and methanol, respectively, and dried under vacuum at 50 °C overnight. After grinding, Fe and Cu-doped metal-organic framework material was obtained, denoted as FeCu-MOF. S3. Composite Ti3C2 nanosheets with FeCu-MOF: 20 mg of FeCu-MOF powder was added to 1 mL of a dispersion of 10 mg / mL monolayer Ti3C2 nanosheets, sonicated for 10 minutes, centrifuged, the precipitate was washed with deionized water and vacuum dried to obtain a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure.
7. A multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1-6.
8. The application of a multimodal antibacterial bioheterostructure as described in claim 7 in the preparation of antibacterial materials.
9. An antibacterial material, characterized in that, It includes the multimodal antimicrobial bioheterostructure as described in claim 7, the antimicrobial material being used to kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
10. The antibacterial material according to claim 9, characterized in that, This antibacterial material is used in conjunction with infrared irradiation to kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.