Raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production

Abstract

The application discloses a raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production and relates to the technical field of compound fertilizer production.Technical points of the application include a first crushing box, a multi-stage crushing mechanism arranged inside the first crushing box, a powder separation mechanism arranged outside the first crushing box, the multi-stage crushing mechanism including a primary crushing assembly, a screening assembly and a secondary crushing assembly, and the screening assembly including a crankshaft rotatably arranged inside the first crushing box.The application is provided with a transmission assembly, a negative pressure generating assembly and a powder suction separation assembly, the crankshaft drives the reciprocating movement of a piston plate to form negative pressure, the suction opening corresponding to the outlet of the second material channel precisely sucks powder, the design that the aperture of a filter screen plate is smaller than that of a screening plate and the aperture of the screening plate is the same as the crushing particle size of the secondary crushing roller can efficiently separate powder and particles, avoids the stratification of mixed materials, and guarantees the accuracy of subsequent batching and the uniformity of the fertilizer efficiency of the compound fertilizer product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compound fertilizer production technology, specifically to a raw material crushing device for compound fertilizer production. Background Technology

[0002] Compound fertilizer is a fertilizer containing two or more of the following nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It is made through chemical synthesis or physical mixing and can simultaneously meet the multiple nutritional needs of crops.

[0003] In the compound fertilizer production process, raw material crushing is a crucial preliminary step to ensure the quality of subsequent processes. The particle size uniformity and powder-particle separation effect of the crushed material directly affect the quality stability of the finished fertilizer. In practical applications, existing compound fertilizer raw material crushing equipment often results in the powder and granules being mixed after crushing. Such materials are prone to stratification due to differences in density and flowability during subsequent conveying and batching, leading to uneven distribution of nutrients and reducing the consistency of fertilizer efficacy in the finished compound fertilizer. Furthermore, when the raw materials after primary crushing enter the screening stage, there is a lack of effective flow control structure, resulting in a short residence time of the raw materials on the screening plate and insufficient screening. Therefore, it is necessary to design a raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a raw material crushing device for compound fertilizer production, which solves the problems of easy stratification of powder and granules after crushing and insufficient screening due to lack of control over raw material screening flow rate in existing compound fertilizer raw material crushing devices.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a raw material crushing device for compound fertilizer production, comprising a first crushing box, wherein a multi-stage crushing mechanism is provided inside the first crushing box, and a powder separation mechanism is provided outside the first crushing box; The multi-stage crushing mechanism includes a primary crushing component, a screening component, and a secondary crushing component. The screening component includes a crankshaft rotatably installed inside the first crushing box, and a first driven wheel is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the crankshaft. The powder separation mechanism includes a transmission component connected to the crankshaft drive, a negative pressure generating component linked to the transmission component, and a powder suction and separation component connected to the negative pressure generating component and cooperating with the first crushing box. The transmission component is used to convert the rotational motion of the crankshaft into linear reciprocating motion, the negative pressure generating component is used to generate negative pressure to provide powder suction power, and the powder suction and separation component is used to realize the suction and collection separation of powder.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a transmission frame fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing chamber. Inside the transmission frame, a transmission shaft and two reciprocating lead screws are rotatably installed. Both the transmission shaft and the outer wall of the crankshaft are fixedly installed with bevel gears, which mesh perpendicularly. A driving spur gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the transmission shaft. Both reciprocating lead screws are fixedly installed with driven spur gears that mesh with the driving spur gear. Spur sleeves are rotatably installed on the outer walls of both reciprocating lead screws. Movable plates are fixedly installed on the outer walls of both screw sleeves.

[0008] Furthermore, the negative pressure generating component includes a piston box fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing chamber. The piston box has two piston chambers inside, each with a piston plate slidably and sealed inside. The upper surfaces of both piston plates are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of a movable plate on the same side via connecting rods. An air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe, communicating with the interiors of the two piston chambers, are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the piston box. An air inlet check valve is fixedly installed inside each of the two air inlet pipes, and an exhaust check valve is fixedly installed inside each of the two exhaust pipes. A first three-way pipe is fixedly installed on the outer walls of both air inlet pipes, and a second three-way pipe is fixedly installed on the outer walls of both exhaust pipes. A first connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first three-way pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the powder absorption and separation assembly includes a negative pressure box fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing chamber. The first connecting pipe communicates with the interior of the negative pressure box. A dust filter bag is slidably installed inside the negative pressure box via a limiting plate. A pressure plate that mates with the dust filter bag is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the limiting plate via multiple second bolts. A connecting pipe communicating with the interior is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the negative pressure box. An absorption hood is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting pipe. A first sealing gasket that mates with the absorption hood is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the negative pressure box. The absorption hood is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the negative pressure box via multiple third bolts. An absorption opening that mates with the absorption hood is opened on the inner wall of the first crushing chamber. A filter screen plate that mates with the absorption opening is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first crushing chamber. A sealing plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the negative pressure box via multiple fourth bolts. A second sealing gasket is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the sealing plate. A vacuum pump is fixedly installed on the back of the negative pressure box. The inlet pipe of the vacuum pump extends into the interior of the negative pressure box.

[0010] Furthermore, the primary crushing assembly includes two primary crushing rollers rotatably mounted inside the first crushing box. A first spur gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of each of the two primary crushing rollers, and the two first spur gears mesh with each other. A motor connected to one of the rotating shafts of the primary crushing rollers is fixedly mounted on the back of the first crushing box via a fixing plate. A first protective cover that engages with the two first spur gears is fixedly mounted on the back of the first crushing box via multiple first bolts. A first drive wheel is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of one of the primary crushing rollers, and a second drive wheel is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the other primary crushing roller.

[0011] Furthermore, the first driven wheel is connected to the first driving wheel via a first synchronous belt. A crank is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the crankshaft, and a connecting frame is rotatably mounted at the end of the crank. A screening plate is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the connecting frame. The aperture of the filter screen is smaller than that of the screening plate. The screening plate is inclined, and its outer contour fits against the inner wall of the first crushing box. A screening opening that mates with the screening plate is opened on the outer wall of the first crushing box. The secondary crushing assembly includes a first material guide channel fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the first crushing box. The inlet end of the first material guide channel corresponds to the screening opening, and a second crushing box is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the outlet end of the first material guide channel. Two secondary crushing rollers are rotatably installed inside the second crushing box. The aperture of the screening plate is the same as the crushing particle size of the two secondary crushing rollers. A second driven wheel is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of one of the secondary crushing rollers. The second driven wheel is connected to the first driving wheel by a second synchronous belt. A second spur gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of both secondary crushing rollers. The two second spur gears mesh with each other. The cross-section of the second crushing box is an inverted trapezoid. A second material guide channel communicating with the interior is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the second crushing box. The outlet of the second material guide channel extends into the interior of the first crushing box. The first material guide channel and the second material guide channel are symmetrically inclined.

[0012] Furthermore, a first fixing rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of one of the movable plates, a movable opening that cooperates with the first fixing rod is opened on the outer wall of the first crushing box, a scraper that fits against the outer wall of the filter plate is fixedly installed at the end of the first fixing rod, a baffle plate that cooperates with the movable opening is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first fixing rod, a second connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second three-way pipe, a blower pipe is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second connecting pipe, and multiple diversion pipes communicating with the interior are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the blower pipe. Each diversion pipe penetrates into the interior of the first crushing box, and a heating resistance wire is sleeved on the outer wall of the blower pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, both ends of the first crushing box are open-type designs. A cover plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the first crushing box by multiple sixth bolts. A feeding hopper communicating with the bottom is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the cover plate. Support plates are fixedly installed on both outer walls of the first crushing box by multiple fifth bolts. A bottom plate is fixedly installed on the bottom walls of the two support plates. A collection box that matches the bottom of the first crushing box is slidably installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate. A second fixing rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of another movable plate. A tamping rod is slidably installed inside the feeding hopper. The end of the second fixing rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the tamping rod.

[0014] Furthermore, an installation plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box, and a sliding rod is slidably installed through the upper surface of the installation plate. One end of the sliding rod is fixedly installed with an insert plate through an assembly plate. The upper surface of the first material guide channel has an open opening that cooperates with the insert plate. A top plate is fixedly installed on the other end of the sliding rod. A return spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod. The two ends of the return spring are elastically connected to the upper surface of the installation plate and the bottom wall of the top plate, respectively. An upper top plate that cooperates with the top plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second fixing rod.

[0015] Furthermore, a controller is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box, and the controller, vacuum pump, motor, and heating resistance wire are electrically connected.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a raw material crushing device for compound fertilizer production, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up a transmission component, a negative pressure generating component, and a powder suction and separation component, the piston plate is driven to reciprocate by the crankshaft drive to form a negative pressure. Combined with the suction opening corresponding to the outlet of the second guide channel, the powder is accurately sucked up. The filter plate aperture is smaller than the sieve plate, and the sieve plate aperture is the same as the particle size of the secondary crushing roller. This design can efficiently separate powder and particles, avoid the stratification of the mixed materials, and ensure the accuracy of subsequent batching and the uniformity of the fertilizer effect of the compound fertilizer product.

[0017] 2. By setting up components such as sliding rods, insert plates, return springs, receiving plates, and upper plates, the reciprocating movement of the second fixed rod drives the upper plate to periodically push the receiving plate, thereby realizing the flow control of raw materials in the first guide channel by the insert plate. This can increase the residence time of raw materials on the screening plate to improve screening sufficiency, and also prevent excessive raw materials from entering the second crushing box, thus preventing blockage in the secondary crushing area and ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0018] 3. By setting up components such as a second connecting pipe, a blower pipe, a diverter pipe, and a heating resistance wire, the gas discharged from the negative pressure generating component can be introduced into the blower pipe, heated by the heating resistance wire, and then blown into the first crushing chamber through the diverter pipe. This not only helps the crushed material fall quickly, but also dries the material, reduces the adhesion of material to the inner wall of the chamber, improves the material processing effect, and eliminates the need for additional drive components, thus reducing equipment energy consumption.

[0019] 4. By setting up components such as the first fixed rod, scraper and baffle, and the second fixed rod and tamping rod, the moving plate reciprocates and moves in conjunction with the scraper to clean the filter screen, preventing the filter screen from clogging and ensuring powder absorption efficiency. At the same time, it drives the tamping rod to reciprocate and tamp the material in the feeding hopper to prevent the raw material from clogging the feeding channel. The baffle can prevent dust from leaking from the moving opening, improve the smoothness of equipment operation, and reduce the frequency of manual maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a raw material crushing device for compound fertilizer production proposed in this invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the vertical section structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a raw material crushing device for compound fertilizer production proposed in this invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the vertical section structure; Figure 5 This is a side view of a raw material crushing device for compound fertilizer production proposed in this invention. Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the vertical section structure; Figure 7 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram; Figure 8 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the diagram; Figure 9 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 10 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point D in the diagram.

[0021] In the diagram: 1 First crushing box, 2 Multi-stage crushing mechanism, 21 Primary crushing assembly, 22 Screening assembly, 23 Secondary crushing assembly, 211 Primary crushing roller, 212 First spur gear, 213 Fixed plate, 214 Motor, 215 First protective cover, 216 First drive wheel, 217 Second drive wheel, 221 Crankshaft, 222 First driven wheel, 223 Crank, 224 Connecting frame, 225 Screening plate, 231 First guide channel, 232 Second crushing box, 233 Secondary crushing roller, 234 Second driven wheel, 235 Second spur gear, 236 Second protective cover, 237 Second guide channel, 3 Powder separation mechanism, 31 Transmission assembly, 32 Negative pressure generating assembly, 33 Powder suction and separation assembly, 311 Transmission frame, 312 Transmission shaft, 313 Reciprocating screw, 314 Bevel gear, 3 15 Driving spur gear, 316 Driven spur gear, 317 Lead screw sleeve, 318 Moving plate, 321 Piston box, 322 Piston plate, 323 Connecting rod, 324 First tee pipe, 325 Second tee pipe, 326 First connecting pipe, 331 Negative pressure box, 332 Limiting plate, 333 Dust filter bag, 334 Connecting pipe, 335 Suction cover, 336 Filter screen plate, 337 Sealing plate, 338 Vacuum pump, 4 First fixing rod, 5 Scraper, 6 Baffle plate, 7 Second connecting pipe, 8 Blowing pipe, 9 Diverter pipe, 10 Heating resistance wire, 11 Cover plate, 12 Feeding hopper, 13 Support plate, 14 Base plate, 15 Collection box, 16 Second fixing rod, 17 Tamping rod, 18 Mounting plate, 19 Slide rod, 20 Assembly plate, 21 Insert plate, 22 Top plate, 23 Return spring, 24 Top plate, 25 Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0022] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the directional terms such as "up" and "down" generally refer to the directions shown in the accompanying drawings, or to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left" and "right" generally refer to the left and right shown in the accompanying drawings; "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not intended to limit this invention.

[0023] This invention provides a technical solution for raw material crushing equipment used in compound fertilizer production: Please see Figures 1-10 A raw material crushing device for compound fertilizer production includes a first crushing box 1. The first crushing box 1 is used to carry the internal multi-stage crushing mechanism 2 and cooperate with the external powder separation mechanism 3, providing a dedicated space for raw material crushing and processing. The first crushing box 1 is equipped with a multi-stage crushing mechanism 2, which can grade and crush the raw materials, gradually refine the particle size of the raw materials, and ensure the uniformity of particle size of the crushed material. The powder separation mechanism 3 is provided on the outside of the first crushing box 1, which can separate the powder generated during the crushing process and prevent the mixing of powder particles from affecting subsequent processes. The multi-stage crushing mechanism 2 includes a primary crushing component 21, a screening component 22, and a secondary crushing component 23. The primary crushing component 21 can initially crush the raw material and reduce its initial volume. The screening component 22 can screen the particle size of the crushed raw material and separate the qualified and unqualified raw materials. The secondary crushing component 23 is used to further refine the unqualified raw materials. The screening component 22 includes a crankshaft 221 rotatably installed inside the first crushing box 1, which can drive the crank 223 to rotate and provide power support for the shaking of the screening plate 225. A first driven wheel 222 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the crankshaft 221, which can receive power and drive the crankshaft 221 to rotate. The powder separation mechanism 3 includes a transmission component 31 that is connected to the crankshaft 221, a negative pressure generating component 32 that is linked to the transmission component 31, and a powder suction and separation component 33 that is connected to the negative pressure generating component 32 and cooperates with the first crushing box 1. The transmission component 31 is used to convert the rotational motion of the crankshaft 221 into linear reciprocating motion to provide power to the negative pressure generating component 32. The negative pressure generating component 32 can generate negative pressure to provide a power source for powder suction. The powder suction and separation component 33 can realize the suction, collection and separation of powder.

[0024] The transmission assembly 31 includes a transmission frame 311 fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the first crushing chamber 1, providing a mounting and support base for the internal transmission components. A transmission shaft 312 and two reciprocating screws 313 are rotatably mounted inside the transmission frame 311. The transmission shaft 312 transmits power from the crankshaft 221 to the reciprocating screws 313, which convert rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion. Both the transmission shaft 312 and the outer wall of the crankshaft 221 are fixedly mounted with bevel gears 314, which can change the direction of power transmission. The two bevel gears 314 are perpendicular to each other. The drive shaft 312 is fixedly mounted with a driving spur gear 315, which can transmit power to the driven spur gear 316. The outer walls of the two reciprocating screws 313 are fixedly mounted with driven spur gears 316 that mesh with the driving spur gear 315, which can drive the reciprocating screws 313 to rotate. The outer walls of the two reciprocating screws 313 are rotatably mounted with screw sleeves 317, which can drive the moving plate 318 to perform linear reciprocating motion. The outer walls of the two screw sleeves 317 are fixedly mounted with moving plates 318, which can drive related moving parts to perform reciprocating motion.

[0025] The negative pressure generating component 32 includes a piston box 321 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing chamber 1, providing a sealed working space for the movement of the piston plate 322. The piston box 321 has two piston chambers inside to accommodate the piston plate 322 and ensure its movement stroke. The piston plate 322 is slidably installed in both piston chambers, generating negative pressure and exhaust effect through reciprocating sliding. The upper surfaces of both piston plates 322 are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the moving plate 318 on the same side via connecting rods 323, transmitting power to the moving plate 318. A connection is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the piston box 321 that communicates with the interior of the two piston chambers. The intake and exhaust pipes are used for the entry and exit of gas, respectively. Both intake pipes are equipped with one-way valves to control the one-way entry of gas. Both exhaust pipes are equipped with one-way valves to control the one-way exit of gas. The outer walls of the two intake pipes are jointly equipped with a first three-way pipe 324, which is used to collect the intake and connect to the first connecting pipe 326. The outer walls of the two exhaust pipes are jointly equipped with a second three-way pipe 325, which can collect the exhaust and connect to the second connecting pipe 7. The outer wall of the first three-way pipe 324 is equipped with a first connecting pipe 326, which can transmit negative pressure to the negative pressure box 331.

[0026] The powder absorption and separation assembly 33 includes a negative pressure box 331 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box 1, which can form a negative pressure environment. A first connecting pipe 326 communicates with the inside of the negative pressure box 331 to transmit negative pressure. A dust filter bag 333 is slidably installed inside the negative pressure box 331 through a limiting plate 332. The limiting plate 332 can limit the dust filter bag 333, which can filter and collect powder. A pressure plate that cooperates with the dust filter bag 333 is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the limiting plate 332 through multiple second bolts to fix the dust filter bag 333 and prevent it from shifting under the action of negative pressure. A connecting pipe 334 communicating with the inside is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the negative pressure box 331, which can transmit negative pressure to the suction hood 335. The suction hood 335 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting pipe 334, which can expand the powder absorption range. A first connecting pipe 326 that cooperates with the suction hood 335 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the negative pressure box 331. A sealing gasket enhances the sealing of the connection. The suction hood 335 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the negative pressure box 331 by multiple third bolts to achieve a stable installation of the suction hood 335. The inner wall of the first crushing box 1 has a suction opening that cooperates with the suction hood 335 to provide a channel for powder suction. The inner wall of the first crushing box 1 is fixedly installed with a filter screen plate 336 that cooperates with the suction opening to block particles and allow only powder to pass through. The upper end face of the negative pressure box 331 is fixedly installed with a sealing plate 337 by multiple fourth bolts to seal the negative pressure box 331. A second sealing gasket is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the sealing plate 337 to further improve the sealing effect. A vacuum pump 338 is fixedly installed on the back of the negative pressure box 331. The inlet pipe of the vacuum pump 338 extends into the inside of the negative pressure box 331. The vacuum pump 338 is used to work in conjunction with the negative pressure generating component 32 to enhance the negative pressure intensity inside the negative pressure box 331 and improve the powder suction efficiency.

[0027] The primary crushing assembly 21 includes two primary crushing rollers 211 rotatably mounted inside the first crushing box 1, which can directly crush raw materials. A first spur gear 212 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of each of the two primary crushing rollers 211, enabling the two primary crushing rollers 211 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The two first spur gears 212 mesh with each other. A motor 214 connected to the rotating shaft of one of the primary crushing rollers 211 is fixedly mounted on the back of the first crushing box 1 via a fixing plate 213. The fixing plate 213 is used to fix the motor 214, which provides power for primary crushing. A first protective cover 215 that cooperates with the two first spur gears 212 is fixedly mounted on the back of the first crushing box 1 via multiple first bolts, which can protect the first spur gears 212 and prevent impurities from interfering. A first drive wheel 216 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of one of the primary crushing rollers 211, which can transmit power to the screening assembly 22 and the secondary crushing assembly 23. A second drive wheel 217 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the other primary crushing roller 211.

[0028] The first driven wheel 222 is connected to the first driving wheel 216 via a first synchronous belt to transmit power. A crank 223 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the crankshaft 221, which can connect the crankshaft 221 to the connecting frame 224 to change the motion mode. The connecting frame 224 is rotatably mounted at the end of the crank 223, which can transmit power to the screening plate 225. The screening plate 225 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the connecting frame 224 and can reciprocate to screen raw materials. The aperture of the filter screen 336 is smaller than the aperture of the screening plate 225 to ensure the compatibility of screening and filtration. The screen plate 225 is inclined to facilitate the sliding of substandard raw materials. Its outer contour fits against the inner wall of the first crushing box 1 to prevent leakage. The outer wall of the first crushing box 1 has a screening opening that mates with the screen plate 225 to discharge substandard raw materials. The secondary crushing assembly 23 includes a first guide channel 231 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box 1, which guides substandard raw materials into the second crushing box 232. The inlet end of the first guide channel 231 corresponds to the screening opening, and the outlet end of the first guide channel 231 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second crushing box 232. To provide space for secondary crushing, two secondary crushing rollers 233 are rotatably mounted inside the second crushing box 232, which can further crush the raw materials by compression. The aperture of the screening plate 225 is the same as the crushing particle size of the two secondary crushing rollers 233, ensuring that the crushed raw materials meet the standards. A second driven wheel 234 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of one of the secondary crushing rollers 233, which can receive power and drive the secondary crushing roller 233 to rotate. The second driven wheel 234 is connected to the first driving wheel 216 by a second synchronous belt. The outer walls of the rotating shafts of both secondary crushing rollers 233 are fixed. A second spur gear 235 is fixedly installed, enabling the two secondary crushing rollers 233 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The two second spur gears 235 mesh with each other. The cross-section of the second crushing box 232 is an inverted trapezoid, which facilitates the concentration of raw materials. A second guide channel 237, which communicates with the interior, is fixedly installed on the outer bottom wall of the second crushing box 232. It can guide the raw materials after secondary crushing back to the first crushing box 1. The outlet of the second guide channel 237 extends into the interior of the first crushing box 1. The first guide channel 231 and the second guide channel 237 are symmetrically inclined to ensure smooth flow of raw materials.

[0029] One of the movable plates 318 has a first fixed rod 4 fixedly installed on its upper end, which can drive the scraper 5 to move. The outer wall of the first crushing box 1 has a movable opening that cooperates with the first fixed rod 4, providing space for the first fixed rod 4 to move. The end of the first fixed rod 4 is fixedly installed with a scraper 5 that fits against the outer wall of the filter plate 336, which can clean impurities on the surface of the filter plate 336 and prevent clogging. The outer wall of the first fixed rod 4 is fixedly installed with a baffle plate 6 that cooperates with the movable opening, which can prevent dust leakage. The outer wall of the second three-way pipe 325 is fixedly installed with a second connecting pipe 7, which can guide exhaust to the blower pipe 8. The outer wall of the second connecting pipe 7 is fixedly installed with a blower pipe 8, which is used to contain gas and connect to the diversion pipe 9. The outer wall of the blower pipe 8 is fixedly installed with multiple diversion pipes 9 that communicate with the interior, which can blow gas into the first crushing box 1. Each diversion pipe 9 penetrates into the interior of the first crushing box 1. The outer wall of the blower pipe 8 is fitted with a heating resistance wire 10, which can heat the gas and dry the material.

[0030] Both ends of the first crushing box 1 are open-type designs, which facilitates equipment maintenance and material conveying. The upper end of the first crushing box 1 is fixedly installed with a cover plate 11 by multiple sixth bolts to seal the upper end of the first crushing box 1. The upper end of the cover plate 11 is fixedly installed with a feeding hopper 12 that communicates with the bottom, which can add raw materials and guide them to fall. The outer walls of both sides of the first crushing box 1 are fixedly installed with support plates 13 by multiple fifth bolts to support the first crushing box 1. The bottom walls of the two support plates 13 are fixedly installed with a bottom plate 14 to provide support for the support plates 13 and the entire equipment. The upper end of the bottom plate 14 is slidably installed with a collection box 15 that matches the bottom of the first crushing box 1 to collect qualified granular raw materials. The upper end of another moving plate 318 is fixedly installed with a second fixing rod 16, which can drive the tamping rod 17 and the upper top plate 24 to move. The tamping rod 17 is slidably installed inside the feeding hopper 12 to prevent raw material blockage. The end of the second fixing rod 16 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the tamping rod 17.

[0031] A mounting plate 18 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box 1 to support the slide rod 19. The slide rod 19 is slidably installed through the upper end surface of the mounting plate 18, which can drive the insertion plate 21 to move. One end of the slide rod 19 is fixedly installed with the insertion plate 21 through the assembly plate 20, which can control the raw material flow in the first material guide channel 231. The upper end surface of the first material guide channel 231 has an movable opening that cooperates with the insertion plate 21, providing space for the insertion plate 21 to move. The other end of the slide rod 19 is fixedly installed with a top plate 22, which can receive the force of the top plate 24. A return spring 23 is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod 19, which can provide the return power for the slide rod 19 and the insertion plate 21. The two ends of the return spring 23 are elastically connected to the upper end surface of the mounting plate 18 and the bottom wall of the top plate 22, respectively. The outer wall of the second fixing rod 16 is fixedly installed with a top plate 24 that cooperates with the top plate 22, which can periodically push the top plate 22.

[0032] A controller 25 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box 1. The controller 25 is electrically connected to the motor 214, the vacuum pump 338 and the heating resistance wire 10. It can realize the start and stop of the motor 214 and the vacuum pump 338, the speed, the on and off of the heating resistance wire 10 and the heating power, so as to ensure the stable operation of the equipment.

[0033] In practical use, the working principle of this invention is as follows: The first crushing box 1 is stably placed by the cooperation of two support plates 13 and the base plate 14. The controller 25 controls the operation of the motor 214, which drives one of the primary crushing rollers 211 to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of two first spur gears 212, the two primary crushing rollers 211 rotate synchronously in opposite directions. At the same time, the rotating shaft of the primary crushing roller 211 drives the first driving wheel 216 to rotate synchronously. The first driving wheel 216 drives the first driven wheel 222 to rotate through the first synchronous belt, which in turn drives the crankshaft 221 to rotate. The bevel gear 314 on the outer wall of the crankshaft 221 meshes perpendicularly with the bevel gear 314 on the outer wall of the transmission shaft 312, driving the transmission shaft 312 to rotate. The drive shaft 312 rotates, driving the active spur gear 315 to rotate. The active spur gear 315 meshes with the driven spur gear 316 on the outer wall of the two reciprocating screws 313, driving the two reciprocating screws 313 to rotate synchronously. The reciprocating screws 313 cooperate with the screw sleeve 317 to convert the rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion, driving the moving plate 318 on the outer wall of the screw sleeve 317 to move back and forth. The second fixed rod 16 fixed on the upper end face of the moving plate 318 moves back and forth synchronously with the moving plate 318, thereby driving the tamping rod 17 connected at the end to slide back and forth inside the feeding hopper 12 to prevent the raw material from blocking and ensure that the raw material falls smoothly between the two primary crushing rollers 211 for primary crushing. After primary crushing, the raw material falls onto the screening plate 225. The first driving wheel 216 drives the first driven wheel 222 to rotate via the first synchronous belt, which in turn drives the crankshaft 221 to rotate. The crankshaft 221 drives the screening plate 225 to reciprocate through the crank 223 and the connecting frame 224, thus screening the raw material. Since the aperture of the screening plate 225 is the same as the crushing particle size of the two secondary crushing rollers 233, the raw material that meets the particle size requirements falls through the screening plate 225, while the raw material that does not meet the requirements enters the first guide channel 231 through the screening opening. During the reciprocating movement, the second fixed rod 16 drives the upper top plate 24 to periodically push the receiving top plate 22. The receiving top plate 22 drives the sliding rod 19 to slide along the mounting plate 18 and stretch the return spring 23. With the help of the spring 23, the material is swayed back to its original position. The sliding rod 19 drives the insert plate 21 to reset, so that the insert plate 21 moves back and forth in the movable opening of the first guide channel 231 to control the flow of raw materials in the channel, increase the residence time of raw materials on the screening plate 225, and at the same time prevent too much raw materials from flooding into the second crushing box 232 and causing blockage. The raw materials entering the first guide channel 231 fall into the second crushing box 232. The first driving wheel 216 drives the second driven wheel 234 to rotate through the second synchronous belt, which in turn drives one of the secondary crushing rollers 233 to rotate. The two second spur gears 235 mesh with each other, driving the two secondary crushing rollers 233 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions to perform secondary crushing of the raw materials. The crushed raw materials fall into the first crushing box 1 through the second guide channel 237. While the two moving plates 318 move up and down alternately, they drive the piston plate 322 to slide back and forth in the piston chamber of the piston box 321 through the connecting rod 323. With the help of the inlet one-way valve and the exhaust one-way valve, when the piston chamber is sucking in air, it forms a basic negative pressure in the negative pressure box 331 through the first three-way pipe 324 and the first connecting pipe 326. The vacuum pump 338 runs synchronously, further enhancing the negative pressure intensity in the negative pressure box 331 and improving the stability and efficiency of powder absorption. The negative pressure acts on the absorption opening through the connecting pipe 334 and the absorption hood 335. Since the absorption opening corresponds to the outlet of the second material guide channel 237, it can accurately absorb the powder generated during the secondary crushing process. The aperture of the filter plate 336 is smaller than that of the sieve plate 225, which can prevent particles from entering the negative pressure box 331. After the powder passes through the filter plate 336, it is collected by the dust filter bag 333. The sealing plate 337 and the second sealing gasket ensure the sealing of the negative pressure box 331 and improve the powder absorption effect. When the piston chamber is venting gas, it discharges the gas into the blower pipe 8 through the second three-way pipe 325 and the second connecting pipe 7. The controller 25 can control the heating resistance wire 10 to heat the gas in the blower pipe 8. The heated gas is blown into the first crushing box 1 through the diversion pipe 9 to help the crushed raw material fall quickly and at the same time dry the raw material to reduce the adhesion of the raw material to the inner wall of the first crushing box 1. During the reciprocating movement of one of the moving plates 318, the first fixed rod 4 moves synchronously. The first fixed rod 4 drives the scraper 5 to slide against the outer wall of the filter plate 336 to clean the particles adsorbed on the surface of the filter plate 336 and prevent the filter plate 336 from clogging. The baffle plate 6 can prevent dust from leaking from the moving opening of the first crushing box 1. Finally, the raw material particles that meet the particle size requirements fall into the collection box 15 for collection. The collection box 15 slides with the bottom plate 14 to facilitate the operator to take out the collected raw material.

[0034] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on the present invention to solve essentially the same technical problems and achieve essentially the same technical effects are all covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A raw material crushing device for compound fertilizer production, comprising a first crushing box (1), characterized in that, The first crushing box (1) is equipped with a multi-stage crushing mechanism (2) inside, and a powder separation mechanism (3) is provided outside the first crushing box (1); The multi-stage crushing mechanism (2) includes a primary crushing component (21), a screening component (22) and a secondary crushing component (23). The screening component (22) includes a crankshaft (221) rotatably installed inside the first crushing box (1). A first driven wheel (222) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the crankshaft (221). The powder separation mechanism (3) includes a transmission assembly (31) connected to the crankshaft (221), a negative pressure generating assembly (32) linked to the transmission assembly (31), and a powder suction and separation assembly (33) connected to the negative pressure generating assembly (32) and cooperating with the first crushing box (1). The transmission assembly (31) is used to convert the rotational motion of the crankshaft (221) into linear reciprocating motion. The negative pressure generating assembly (32) is used to generate negative pressure to provide powder suction power. The powder suction and separation assembly (33) is used to realize the suction and collection separation of powder.

2. The raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (31) includes a transmission frame (311) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box (1). Inside the transmission frame (311), a transmission shaft (312) and two reciprocating screws (313) are rotatably installed. Both the transmission shaft (312) and the outer wall of the crankshaft (221) are fixedly installed with bevel gears (314). The two bevel gears (314) mesh vertically. The outer wall of the transmission shaft (312) is fixedly installed with a driving spur gear (315). The outer walls of the two reciprocating screws (313) are fixedly installed with driven spur gears (316) that mesh with the driving spur gears (315). The outer walls of the two reciprocating screws (313) are rotatably installed with screw sleeves (317). The outer walls of the two screw sleeves (317) are fixedly installed with moving plates (318).

3. The raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production according to claim 2, characterized in that, The negative pressure generating component (32) includes a piston box (321) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box (1). The piston box (321) has two piston chambers inside. Piston plates (322) are slidably installed in both piston chambers. The upper surfaces of the two piston plates (322) are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the moving plate (318) on the same side through connecting rods (323). An air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe communicating with the inside of the two piston chambers are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the piston box (321). An air inlet one-way valve is fixedly installed inside the two air inlet pipes. An exhaust one-way valve is fixedly installed inside the two exhaust pipes. A first three-way pipe (324) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the two air inlet pipes. A second three-way pipe (325) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the two exhaust pipes. A first connecting pipe (326) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first three-way pipe (324).

4. The raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The powder absorption and separation assembly (33) includes a negative pressure box (331) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box (1). The first connecting pipe (326) communicates with the inside of the negative pressure box (331). A dust filter bag (333) is slidably installed inside the negative pressure box (331) through a limiting plate (332). A pressure plate that cooperates with the dust filter bag (333) is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the limiting plate (332) through multiple second bolts. A connecting pipe (334) communicating with the inside is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the negative pressure box (331). An absorption hood (335) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting pipe (334). A suction hood (335) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the negative pressure box (331). (335) The first sealing gasket is used in conjunction with the suction cover (335). The suction cover (335) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the negative pressure box (331) by multiple third bolts. The inner wall of the first crushing box (1) is provided with a suction opening that cooperates with the suction cover (335). The inner wall of the first crushing box (1) is fixedly installed with a filter plate (336) that cooperates with the suction opening. The upper end face of the negative pressure box (331) is fixedly installed with a sealing plate (337) by multiple fourth bolts. The bottom wall of the sealing plate (337) is fixedly installed with a second sealing gasket. The back of the negative pressure box (331) is fixedly installed with a vacuum pump (338). The inlet pipe of the vacuum pump (338) extends into the inside of the negative pressure box (331).

5. The raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production according to claim 4, characterized in that, The primary crushing assembly (21) includes two primary crushing rollers (211) rotatably mounted inside the first crushing box (1). A first spur gear (212) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of each of the two primary crushing rollers (211). The two first spur gears (212) mesh with each other. A motor (214) connected to the rotating shaft of one of the primary crushing rollers (211) is fixedly mounted on the back of the first crushing box (1) by a fixing plate (213). A first protective cover (215) cooperating with the two first spur gears (212) is fixedly mounted on the back of the first crushing box (1) by multiple first bolts. A first drive wheel (216) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of one of the primary crushing rollers (211), and a second drive wheel (217) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the other primary crushing roller (211).

6. The raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first driven wheel (222) is connected to the first driving wheel (216) via a first synchronous belt. A crank (223) is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the crankshaft (221). A connecting frame (224) is rotatably mounted at the end of the crank (223). A screening plate (225) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the connecting frame (224). The aperture of the filter plate (336) is smaller than the aperture of the screening plate (225). The screening plate (225) is inclined. The outer contour of the screening plate (225) fits against the inner wall of the first crushing box (1). The outer wall of the first crushing box (1) has a screening opening that cooperates with the screening plate (225). The secondary crushing component (23) includes a first material guide channel (231) fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the first crushing box (1). The inlet end of the first material guide channel (231) corresponds to the screening opening. A second crushing box (232) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the outlet end of the first material guide channel (231). The second crushing box (232) is rotatably installed with two secondary crushing rollers (233). The aperture of the screening plate (225) is the same as the crushing particle size of the two secondary crushing rollers (233). A second driven wheel (234) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of one of the secondary crushing rollers (233). The second driven wheel (234) is connected to the first driving wheel (216) by a second synchronous belt. A second spur gear (235) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of both secondary crushing rollers (233). The two second spur gears (235) mesh with each other. The cross section of the second crushing box (232) is an inverted trapezoid. A second material guide channel (237) communicating with the interior is fixedly installed on the outer bottom wall of the second crushing box (232). The outlet of the second material guide channel (237) extends into the interior of the first crushing box (1). The first material guide channel (231) and the second material guide channel (237) are symmetrically inclined.

7. The raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production according to claim 6, characterized in that, One of the movable plates (318) is fixedly mounted with a first fixed rod (4) on its upper end face. The outer wall of the first crushing box (1) is provided with a movable opening that cooperates with the first fixed rod (4). The end of the first fixed rod (4) is fixedly mounted with a scraper (5) that fits against the outer wall of the filter plate (336). The outer wall of the first fixed rod (4) is fixedly mounted with a baffle plate (6) that cooperates with the movable opening. The outer wall of the second three-way pipe (325) is fixedly mounted with a second connecting pipe (7). The outer wall of the second connecting pipe (7) is fixedly mounted with a blower pipe (8). The outer wall of the blower pipe (8) is fixedly mounted with multiple diversion pipes (9) that communicate with the interior. Each diversion pipe (9) penetrates into the interior of the first crushing box (1). The outer wall of the blower pipe (8) is fitted with a heating resistance wire (10).

8. The raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first crushing box (1) has an open design at both ends. The upper surface of the first crushing box (1) is fixedly installed with a cover plate (11) by multiple sixth bolts. The upper surface of the cover plate (11) is fixedly installed with a feeding hopper (12) that communicates with the bottom. The outer walls of both sides of the first crushing box (1) are fixedly installed with support plates (13) by multiple fifth bolts. The bottom walls of the two support plates (13) are fixedly installed with a bottom plate (14). The upper surface of the bottom plate (14) is slidably installed with a collection box (15) that cooperates with the bottom of the first crushing box (1). The upper surface of another moving plate (318) is fixedly installed with a second fixing rod (16). The feeding hopper (12) is slidably installed with a tamping rod (17). The end of the second fixing rod (16) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the tamping rod (17).

9. The raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production according to claim 8, characterized in that, An installation plate (18) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box (1). A sliding rod (19) is slidably installed through the upper end face of the installation plate (18). One end of the sliding rod (19) is fixedly installed with a plug plate (21) through an assembly plate (20). The upper end face of the first material guide channel (231) is provided with an movable opening that cooperates with the plug plate (21). The other end of the sliding rod (19) is fixedly installed with a top plate (22). A return spring (23) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod (19). The two ends of the return spring (23) are elastically connected to the upper end face of the installation plate (18) and the bottom wall of the top plate (22), respectively. An upper top plate (24) that cooperates with the top plate (22) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second fixing rod (16).

10. The raw material crushing equipment for compound fertilizer production according to claim 9, characterized in that, A controller (25) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first crushing box (1). The controller (25) is electrically connected to the motor (214), the vacuum pump (338), and the heating resistance wire (10).

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