Process for comprehensive utilization of medium-thick interlayer phosphate ore by layer mining

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of mining, especially to a middle-thick interlayer phosphate ore layer-by-layer mining and comprehensive utilization process, comprising S1-S5 and a laser photoelectric detection and separation head, S1, layer-by-layer processing of the ore body, including upper lean ore, upper rich ore, middle rich ore and lower lean ore; S2, blasting operation on the upper lean ore, middle rich ore and lower lean ore in S1; S3, slagging operation on the upper lean ore, middle rich ore and lower lean ore after the blasting operation in S2; S4, top pressure blasting operation on the upper rich ore in S1, and slagging operation on the upper rich ore after the blasting operation; S5, layer-by-layer transportation of the upper lean ore, upper rich ore, middle rich ore and lower lean ore; the photoelectric concentrator is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism, and the bottom of the angle adjusting mechanism is connected with the laser photoelectric detection and separation head. The present application adopts the above technical scheme, and layer-by-layer processing and differential blasting and slagging of the upper lean ore, upper rich ore, middle rich ore and lower lean ore are in line with the characteristics of the middle-thick interlayer phosphate ore with lean and rich ores.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining technology, and in particular to a comprehensive utilization process for the layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock. Background Technology

[0002] my country's phosphate resources are widely distributed, and in most cases, rich and poor phosphates coexist in the same ore body. In order to realize the "combination mining of rich and poor phosphate resources", achieve sustainable utilization of phosphate resources and improve economic efficiency, my country has carried out a lot of exploration in the field of phosphate mining and has achieved significant results.

[0003] However, mining medium-thick interlayer phosphate deposits is more difficult than mining thin or thick ore bodies. If beneficiation is not precise, dolomitic or argillaceous bands can easily be mixed into the phosphate rock, leading to a decrease in phosphate grade. This is detrimental to the classification and application of rich and poor ores. Currently, photoelectric mineral processing technology, due to its advantages of high automation, energy saving and environmental protection, no chemical reagent pollution, and high separation efficiency, has gradually replaced traditional heavy media beneficiation processes and become the core equipment for beneficiation operations after stratified mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate deposits. It is widely used for the separation and purification of phosphate ores of different particle sizes and grades after stratified mining. It can effectively improve the concentrate grade when the raw ore grade is low, while reducing the generation of flotation tailings. This provides favorable conditions for subsequent tailings filling of underground goaf areas and realizing integrated mining, beneficiation and filling, which is of great significance for promoting the green transformation and upgrading of the phosphate mining industry.

[0004] However, considering the actual technological requirements of layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock, the photoelectric concentrators currently used in this process still have key technical defects. The most prominent one is that the detection and sorting head of the photoelectric concentrator adopts a fixed angle installation structure, which cannot be adapted to the complex characteristics of the ore after layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock, and seriously restricts the sorting accuracy and resource recovery efficiency.

[0005] On the one hand, during the layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate deposits, the particle size of phosphate ore produced from different ore layers and mining levels varies significantly, and the ore has irregular shape, volume, and weight, and its posture changes frequently during transport. At the same time, the layered phosphate ore not only contains the target phosphate ore components, but also contains gangue interlayers such as dolomitic bands and different types of associated minerals. The optical reflection and transmission characteristics of different types of ores are significantly different. However, the detection and sorting head with a fixed angle has a fixed illumination range and angle of the detection light, which cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the changes in ore particle size, shape, and type. For large-particle irregular phosphate ore and small-particle fine phosphate ore, there is a problem that the laser cannot reach them and the detection signal is weak, which leads to the formation of detection blind spots. This results in some qualified phosphate ore being misjudged as waste rock and discarded, or low-grade waste rock being mistakenly selected as concentrate, which seriously affects the sorting accuracy and resource recovery rate, making it difficult to meet the process requirements of graded sorting and accurate recovery after layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate deposits. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to effectively improve the overall grade of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock and thus enhance its economic benefits, this application provides a comprehensive utilization process for the layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock.

[0007] The comprehensive utilization process for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock provided by this invention adopts the following technical solution: The comprehensive utilization technology for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock includes: S1. The ore body is divided into layers, including upper lean ore, upper rich ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore; S2. Blasting operations are carried out on the upper lean ore, medium rich ore and lower lean ore in S1; S3. Perform slag removal operations on the upper lean ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore after the blasting operation in S2. S4. Perform a top-pressure blasting operation on the upper-rich ore in S1. After the blasting operation is completed, perform a slag removal operation on the upper-rich ore. S5. The upper lean ore, upper rich ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore are transported in layers; A photoelectric mineral separator is used to separate phosphate ore. The photoelectric mineral separator is equipped with an angle adjustment mechanism. The bottom of the angle adjustment mechanism is connected to a laser photoelectric detection separation head. The laser photoelectric detection separation head and the angle adjustment mechanism are connected by a flange, and a locking component is provided between two adjacent flanges. The angle adjustment mechanism includes a support base, a docking plate, a locking seat, a docking plate, a pull rope, a winding reel, and a servo motor. The support base is fixed inside the photoelectric mineral separator. Multiple docking plates are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the support base. Locking seats are fixed at the center of the upper and lower sides of each docking plate, and the locking seats of two adjacent docking plates are perpendicular to each other. The two ends of the docking plate are rotatably connected between the locking seats of two adjacent docking plates. One end of the pull rope passes through multiple docking discs and is fixed to the flange, while the other end is wound around the take-up reel. The take-up reel is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the servo motor, and the servo motor is fixed to the side wall of the support base.

[0008] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the ore is processed in layers according to upper lean ore, upper rich ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore, with differentiated blasting and slag removal. This aligns with the coexistence of lean and rich ore in medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock, thus achieving the basis for separate mining. The process of this application effectively solves the problem of low recovery rate in medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock in related technologies. Through layered blasting, separate mining, and separate transportation, the recovery rate is increased from 65% to 80.3%. At the same time, photoelectric mineral separation is carried out based on the difference in surface color of the phosphate rock, which significantly improves the overall grade after mining. In other words, the process provided in this application represents a significant improvement in both production volume and mineral quality. This application effectively enhances the overall grade of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock, thereby increasing economic benefits. Furthermore, the mounting brackets on the upper and lower sides of multiple docking plates are perpendicular to each other, and the docking plates are rotatably connected between adjacent mounting brackets, allowing for flexible multi-angle adjustment. A servo motor drives the winding reel to wind the rope, which in turn drives the laser photoelectric detection sorting head to precisely adjust its angle. The adjustment accuracy is high, the response is rapid, and the structure is highly stable, adapting to vibration and dust interference in the mining industrial environment. The angle adjustment mechanism of the photoelectric concentrator is integrated with the laser photoelectric detection sorting head, eliminating the need for additional adjustment equipment. The compact structure allows for efficient connection with the layered transportation and sorting processes after layered mining, precisely matching the differentiated sorting needs of upper-lean ore, upper-rich ore, medium-rich ore, and lower-lean ore, further improving the overall efficiency and resource recovery rate of the comprehensive utilization of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock through layered mining.

[0009] Optionally, the layered transportation process includes two steps: combined tank beneficiation and photoelectric beneficiation.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solutions, the combined binning and photoelectric beneficiation processes are integrated in the layered transportation to construct a dual beneficiation system. This system overcomes the limitations of a single beneficiation method, significantly improves beneficiation accuracy, effectively removes impurities, and enhances the overall grade of phosphate rock.

[0011] Optionally, the process of mineral processing in the combined medium tank is jointly executed by the combined medium tank, the combined medium pump, and the hydrocyclone. The combined medium pump can pump the medium in the combined medium tank into the hydrocyclone for ore separation.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the combined medium tank, combined medium pump, and hydrocyclone are used to perform combined medium tank beneficiation in a coordinated manner, forming a standardized gravity separation process. The combined medium pump stably delivers the medium to the hydrocyclone, ensuring the continuous and efficient separation process and improving the stability and efficiency of ore separation.

[0013] Optionally, the photoelectric mineral processing step is performed by a color sorter located downstream of the hydrocyclone, which is capable of identifying color differences on the surface of phosphate rock.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the color sorter is located downstream of the hydrocyclone. It can accurately screen phosphate ore by identifying color differences on the surface, adapt to the appearance characteristics of phosphate ore of different grades, provide accurate identification basis for subsequent separation operations, and enhance the targeting of mineral processing.

[0015] Optionally, the actuator of the photoelectric mineral sorting step further includes a pneumatic separation device, which is electrically connected to the color sorter.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the pneumatic separation device is electrically connected to the color sorter to form an integrated process of "color recognition-pneumatic separation", which realizes the rapid and automated separation of impurities and qualified phosphate rock, and improves the efficiency and separation accuracy of photoelectric mineral separation.

[0017] Optionally, the layered transportation process also includes a pre-treatment step, and the actuators for the pre-treatment step include a vibrating screen, an intermediate ore bin, a de-powdering screen, and a desliming screen.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solutions, and using pretreatment steps in conjunction with vibrating screens, intermediate ore bins, powder removal screens, and desliming screens, powder and mud impurities on the ore surface can be removed in advance, optimizing the feeding state, providing high-quality raw materials for subsequent mineral processing operations, and ensuring the overall mineral processing effect.

[0019] Optionally, the stratified transportation process also includes waste residue recycling, and the waste residue recycling implementers include sedimentation tanks and tailings bins.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solutions, a waste recycling system is constructed using sedimentation tanks and tailings bins, enabling centralized collection and standardized disposal of mining waste, reducing the interference of waste on the production process, aligning with the concept of sustainable utilization of phosphate resources, and reducing environmental impact.

[0021] Optionally, the concentrates screened by the combined tank beneficiation, photoelectric beneficiation, and pretreatment steps are all sent to the concentrate bin.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, concentrates screened through various mineral processing steps are uniformly stored in a concentrate silo, achieving centralized storage and management of concentrates, optimizing material flow processes, facilitating subsequent processing and application, and improving overall production efficiency and economic benefits.

[0023] Optionally, the locking assembly includes a threaded rod, a nut, and a locking plate. One end of the threaded rod passes through the through holes of two adjacent flanges. The nut is coaxially threaded onto the threaded rod and abuts against the flange. A groove is provided radially on the side wall of the threaded rod. The locking plate is slidably engaged in the groove, and one end near the outer side of the threaded rod abuts against the inner wall of the through hole of the flange.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the nut and the threaded rod are threaded together and abut against the flange to achieve initial locking; the groove on the side wall of the threaded rod allows the locking plate to slide and engage, and one end of the locking plate abuts against the inner wall of the flange through hole to form secondary locking. The double engagement simplifies the locking operation and prevents the threaded rod from rotating, thus improving the reliability of locking.

[0025] Optionally, the locking assembly further includes a linkage rod, an abutment rod, an adjusting rod, and a clamp ring. The abutment rod is coaxially fixed to one end of the linkage rod, and both are slidably connected to the axis of the threaded rod. The end of the abutment rod near the linkage rod has a frustum-shaped structure and slidably abuts against the locking plate. The adjusting rod is coaxially rotatably connected to the end of the linkage rod away from the abutment rod and engages with the internal threads of the threaded rod. The clamp ring is sleeved on the outside of the locking plate.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the linkage rod and engages with the internal thread of the threaded rod. Rotating the adjusting rod can drive the linkage rod and the abutment rod to move, thereby pushing the locking plate to accurately fit against the inner wall of the flange through hole. This allows for flexible adjustment of the locking plate's abutment force and adapts to locking requirements under different working conditions.

[0027] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This application employs a stratified treatment approach, dividing ore into upper-lean, upper-rich, medium-rich, and lower-lean layers, and differentiates blasting and slag removal methods. This aligns with the coexistence of lean and rich ore in medium-thick interlayer phosphate deposits, establishing a foundation for separate mining. The process described in this application effectively solves the problem of low recovery rates in related technologies for medium-thick interlayer phosphate deposits. Through stratified blasting, separate mining, and separate transportation, the recovery rate is increased from 65% to 80.3%. Simultaneously, photoelectric mineral processing is used based on differences in the surface color of the phosphate ore, resulting in a significant improvement in the overall grade after mining. In other words, both in terms of production volume and ore quality, the process provided in this application represents a substantial improvement. This application is capable of effectively enhancing the overall grade of medium-thick interlayer phosphate deposits, thereby increasing economic benefits. The combined media tank, combined media pump, and hydrocyclone work together to perform combined media tank beneficiation, forming a standardized gravity separation process. The combined media pump stably delivers the medium to the hydrocyclone, ensuring continuous and efficient separation, and improving the stability and efficiency of ore separation. The color sorter is located downstream of the hydrocyclone and can accurately screen phosphate ore by identifying color differences on the surface. It is adapted to the appearance characteristics of phosphate ore of different grades, providing accurate identification basis for subsequent separation operations, enhancing the targeting of beneficiation. The pneumatic separation device is electrically connected to the color sorter to form an integrated process of "color recognition-pneumatic separation", realizing the rapid and automated separation of impurities and qualified phosphate ore, and improving the execution efficiency and separation accuracy of photoelectric beneficiation. By utilizing the perpendicularly aligned mounting brackets on the upper and lower sides of multiple docking plates, the docking plates can be rotatably connected between adjacent mounting brackets, enabling flexible multi-angle adjustment. A servo motor drives the winding reel to wind the pull rope, which in turn drives the laser photoelectric detection sorting head to precisely adjust its angle. The adjustment is highly accurate, responsive, and structurally stable, adapting to the vibration and dust interference of the mining industrial environment. The angle adjustment mechanism of the photoelectric mineral separator is integrated with the laser photoelectric detection sorting head, eliminating the need for additional adjustment equipment. The compact structure allows for efficient connection with the layered transportation and sorting processes after layered mining, precisely matching the differentiated sorting needs of upper lean ore, upper rich ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore, further improving the overall efficiency and resource recovery rate of comprehensive utilization of medium-thick interlayer phosphate mines. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the comprehensive utilization process of layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock in this embodiment.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the photoelectric mineral separator in this embodiment.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the angle adjustment mechanism and the laser photoelectric detection sorting head in this embodiment.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the docking plate and its overall connection structure in this embodiment.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component structure in this embodiment.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the locking plate and its connection structure in this embodiment.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Photoelectric mineral separator; 2. Angle adjustment mechanism; 21. Support base; 22. Connecting plate; 23. Locking seat; 24. Connecting plate; 25. Pull rope; 26. Rewinding reel; 27. Servo motor; 3. Laser photoelectric detection sorting head; 4. Flange; 5. Locking assembly; 51. Threaded rod; 52. Nut; 53. Locking plate; 54. Linkage rod; 55. Abutment rod; 56. Adjusting rod; 57. Hoop ring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0036] This invention discloses a comprehensive utilization process for the layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The comprehensive utilization process of layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock includes S1-S5 and laser photoelectric detection sorting head 3. S1 is used to process the ore body into layers, including upper lean ore, upper rich ore, medium rich ore and lower lean ore. S2, Blasting operations are carried out on the upper lean ore, medium rich ore and lower lean ore in S1; S3. Perform slag removal operations on the upper lean ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore after the blasting operation in S2. S4. Perform a top-pressure blasting operation on the upper rich ore in S1. After the blasting operation is completed, perform slag removal operation on the upper rich ore. S5. Transport the upper lean ore, upper rich ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore in layers; An angle adjustment mechanism 2 is installed inside the photoelectric mineral separator 1. A laser photoelectric detection sorting head 3 is connected to the bottom of the angle adjustment mechanism 2. The laser photoelectric detection sorting head 3 is connected to the angle adjustment mechanism 2 through a flange 4, and a locking component 5 is installed between two adjacent flanges 4. The angle adjustment mechanism 2 includes a support base 21, a docking plate 22, a clamping seat 23, a docking plate 24, a pull rope 25, a winding reel 26, and a servo motor 27. By adopting the above technical solution, it processes and differentiates blasting and slag removal according to the upper lean ore, upper rich ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore layers, conforming to the coexistence of lean and rich ore in medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock, thus realizing the basis for separate mining. The process of this application effectively solves the problem of low recovery rate of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock in related technologies. Through layered blasting, separate mining, and separate transportation, the recovery rate is increased from 65% to 80.3%. At the same time, photoelectric mineral separation is carried out by the difference in surface color of phosphate rock, which greatly improves the overall grade of the ore. In other words, both from the perspective of mass production and the quality of minerals, the process provided in this application represents a significant improvement. This application can effectively improve the overall grade of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock, thereby enhancing economic benefits. Furthermore, the mounting seats 23 on the upper and lower sides of multiple docking plates 22 are perpendicular to each other, and the docking plates 24 are rotatably connected between adjacent mounting seats 23, enabling flexible adjustment at multiple angles. The servo motor 27 drives the winding reel 26 to wind the pull rope 25, thereby driving the laser photoelectric detection sorting head 3 to precisely adjust the angle. The adjustment accuracy is high, the response is rapid, and the structure is highly stable, adapting to the vibration and dust interference of the mining industrial operating environment. The angle adjustment mechanism 2 of the photoelectric mineral separator 1 is integrated with the laser photoelectric detection sorting head 3, eliminating the need for additional adjustment equipment. The structure is compact and can be efficiently connected with the layered transportation and sorting process after layered mining, accurately matching the differentiated sorting needs of upper lean ore, upper rich ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore, further improving the overall efficiency and resource recovery rate of the comprehensive utilization of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock through layered mining.

[0039] Specifically, the support base 21 is fixed inside the photoelectric mineral separator 1. Multiple docking plates 22 are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the support base 21. A retainer 23 is fixed at the center of the upper and lower sides of the docking plate 22, and the retainers 23 of two adjacent docking plates 22 are perpendicular to each other. The two ends of the docking plate 24 are rotatably connected between the retainers 23 of two adjacent docking plates 22. One end of the pull rope 25 passes through multiple docking plates 22 and is fixed to the flange 4. The other end is wound on the winding reel 26. The winding reel 26 is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor 27. The servo motor 27 is fixed on the side wall of the support base 21.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the layered transportation process includes two steps: combined tank beneficiation and photoelectric beneficiation. The layered transportation integrates combined tank beneficiation and photoelectric beneficiation to construct a dual beneficiation system, which makes up for the limitations of a single beneficiation method, greatly improves the beneficiation accuracy, effectively removes impurities, and improves the overall grade of phosphate rock.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, the medium-coated tank beneficiation process is jointly executed by the medium-coated tank, the medium-coated pump, and the hydrocyclone. The medium-coated pump can pump the medium in the medium-coated tank into the hydrocyclone for ore separation. By using the medium-coated tank, the medium-coated pump, and the hydrocyclone to perform medium-coated tank beneficiation in coordination, a standardized gravity separation process is formed. The medium-coated pump stably delivers the medium to the hydrocyclone, ensuring that the separation process is continuous and efficient, and improving the stability and efficiency of ore separation.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the photoelectric mineral processing step is performed by a color sorter, which is located downstream of the hydrocyclone. The color sorter can identify color differences on the surface of phosphate ore. Being located downstream of the hydrocyclone, the color sorter can accurately screen phosphate ore by identifying color differences on the surface of phosphate ore, adapting to the appearance characteristics of phosphate ore of different grades, providing accurate identification basis for subsequent separation operations, and enhancing the targeting of mineral processing.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, the actuator of the photoelectric mineral processing step also includes a pneumatic separation device, which is electrically connected to the color sorter. By using the pneumatic separation device and the color sorter to form an integrated process of "color recognition-pneumatic separation", the impurities and qualified phosphate rock can be separated quickly and automatically, thereby improving the efficiency and separation accuracy of photoelectric mineral processing.

[0044] The layered transportation process also includes a pre-treatment step. The pre-treatment step is executed by a vibrating screen, an intermediate ore bin, a de-powdering screen, and a desliming screen. By using the pre-treatment step in conjunction with the vibrating screen, intermediate ore bin, de-powdering screen, and desliming screen, powder and mud impurities on the surface of the ore can be removed in advance, the feeding state can be optimized, high-quality raw materials can be provided for subsequent mineral processing operations, and the overall mineral processing effect can be guaranteed.

[0045] The stratified transportation process also includes waste residue recycling. The waste residue recycling is carried out by sedimentation tanks and tailings bins. By using sedimentation tanks and tailings bins to form a waste residue recycling system, the waste residue from mining can be collected and disposed of in a standardized manner, reducing the interference of waste residue on the production process, which is in line with the concept of sustainable utilization of phosphate resources and reduces environmental impact.

[0046] The concentrates screened by the combined tank beneficiation, photoelectric beneficiation, and pretreatment steps are all put into the concentrate silo. The concentrates screened by various beneficiation steps are all put into the concentrate silo, realizing centralized storage and management of concentrates, optimizing the material flow process, facilitating subsequent processing and application, and improving overall production efficiency and economic benefits.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The locking assembly 5 includes a threaded rod 51, a nut 52, and a locking plate 53. One end of the threaded rod 51 passes through the through holes of two adjacent flanges 4. The nut 52 is coaxially threaded onto the threaded rod 51 and abuts against the flange 4. A groove is provided radially on the side wall of the threaded rod 51. The locking plate 53 is slidably engaged in the groove, and one end near the outside of the threaded rod 51 abuts against the inner wall of the through hole of the flange 4. The initial locking is achieved by the threaded engagement of the nut 52 and the threaded rod 51 and their abutment against the flange 4. The groove on the side wall of the threaded rod 51 allows the locking plate 53 to slide and engage. One end of the locking plate 53 abuts against the inner wall of the through hole of the flange 4, forming a secondary locking. This double engagement simplifies the locking operation and prevents the threaded rod 51 from rotating, thus improving the reliability of the locking.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The locking assembly 5 also includes a linkage rod 54, an abutment rod 55, an adjusting rod 56, and a clamp ring 57. The abutment rod 55 is coaxially fixed to one end of the linkage rod 54, and both are slidably connected to the axis of the threaded rod 51. The end of the abutment rod 55 near the linkage rod 54 has a frustum-shaped structure and slides against the locking plate 53. The adjusting rod 56 is coaxially rotatably connected to the end of the linkage rod 54 away from the abutment rod 55 and engages with the internal threads of the threaded rod 51. The clamp ring 57 is sleeved on the outside of the locking plate 53. By rotating the adjusting rod 56 and rotating it to the linkage rod 54 and engaging with the internal threads of the threaded rod 51, rotating the adjusting rod 56 can drive the linkage rod 54 and the abutment rod 55 to move, thereby pushing the locking plate 53 to accurately fit against the inner wall of the through hole of the flange 4, which facilitates flexible adjustment of the abutment force of the locking plate 53 and adapts to the locking requirements under different working conditions.

[0049] The implementation principle of the comprehensive utilization process of layered mining of thick interlayer phosphate rock in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: First, the phosphate rock from different layers transported in step S5 is fed into the photoelectric mineral separator 1 in sequence to complete the raw material feeding preparation before separation. Then, the servo motor 27 of the angle adjustment mechanism 2 is started. The servo motor 27 drives the coaxially fixed winding reel 26 to rotate, winding or releasing the pull rope 25. One end of the pull rope 25 passes through multiple docking plates 22 of the angle adjustment mechanism 2 and is fixed to the flange 4. The winding or releasing of the pull rope 25 drives the flange 4 and the connected laser photoelectric detection separation head 3 to move synchronously. Under the drive of the pull rope 25, the docking plate 22 rotates around the card seat 23 through the docking plate 24 to achieve multi-angle adjustment, thereby driving the laser photoelectric detection separation head 3 to adjust to the detection angle suitable for the current ore layer. After the laser photoelectric detection sorting head 3 and the angle adjustment mechanism 2 are connected through the flange 4, the locking component 5 is locked: one end of the threaded rod 51 is passed through the through holes of two adjacent flanges 4, and the nut 52 is rotated so that the nut 52 and the threaded rod 51 are threaded together and abut against the flange 4 to achieve initial locking. Then, the adjusting rod 56 is rotated. The adjusting rod 56 is coaxially rotatably connected to the linkage rod 54 and is threadedly engaged with the threaded rod 51. The rotation of the adjusting rod 56 drives the linkage rod 54 and the coaxially fixed abutting rod 55 to slide along the axis of the threaded rod 51. The end of the abutting rod 55 near the linkage rod 54 has a frustum-shaped structure. During its sliding process, it slides against the locking plate 53 which is slidably engaged in the groove on the side wall of the threaded rod 51, pushing the locking plate 53 to move away from the axis of the threaded rod 51, so that the end of the locking plate 53 near the outside of the threaded rod 51 is tightly abutted against the inner wall of the through hole of the flange 4 to form a secondary locking and prevent the flange 4 from loosening. After the photoelectric mineral separator 1 completes the separation of phosphate ore in the current ore layer, the angle of the laser photoelectric detection separation head 3 can be readjusted through the angle adjustment mechanism 2 to adapt to the separation requirements of the next ore layer, so as to realize the continuous and accurate separation of phosphate ore in different ore layers after layered mining, and complete the entire process of comprehensive utilization of medium-thick interlayer phosphate ore layered mining.

[0050] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive utilization technology for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock, characterized in that, include: S1. The ore body is divided into layers, including upper lean ore, upper rich ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore; S2. Blasting operations are carried out on the upper lean ore, medium rich ore and lower lean ore in S1; S3. Perform slag removal operations on the upper lean ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore after the blasting operation in S2. S4. Perform a top-pressure blasting operation on the upper-rich ore in S1. After the blasting operation is completed, perform a slag removal operation on the upper-rich ore. S5. The upper lean ore, upper rich ore, medium rich ore, and lower lean ore are transported in layers; Photoelectric mineral separator (1) is used to sort phosphate ore. An angle adjustment mechanism (2) is provided inside the photoelectric mineral separator (1). A laser photoelectric detection sorting head (3) is connected to the bottom of the angle adjustment mechanism (2). The laser photoelectric detection sorting head (3) and the angle adjustment mechanism (2) are connected by a flange (4). A locking component (5) is provided between two adjacent flanges (4). The angle adjustment mechanism (2) includes a support base (21), a docking plate (22), a card holder (23), a docking plate (24), a pull rope (25), a winding reel (26), and a servo motor (27). The support base (21) is fixed inside the photoelectric mineral separator (1). Multiple docking plates (22) are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the support base (21). Card holders (23) are fixed at the center of the upper and lower sides of the docking plate (22), and the card holders (23) of two adjacent docking plates (22) are perpendicular to each other. The two ends of the docking plate (24) are rotatably connected between the card holders (23) of two adjacent docking plates (22). One end of the pull rope (25) passes through multiple docking discs (22) and is fixed to the flange (4), while the other end is wound around the take-up reel (26). The take-up reel (26) is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the servo motor (27), which is fixed to the side wall of the support base (21).

2. The comprehensive utilization process for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The layered transportation process includes two steps: combined tank beneficiation and photoelectric beneficiation.

3. The comprehensive utilization process for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of mineral processing in the combined medium tank is jointly executed by the combined medium tank, the combined medium pump, and the hydrocyclone. The combined medium pump can pump the medium in the combined medium tank into the hydrocyclone for ore separation.

4. The comprehensive utilization process for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock according to claim 3, characterized in that, The photoelectric mineral separation step is performed by a color sorter located downstream of the hydrocyclone. The color sorter is capable of identifying color differences on the surface of phosphate rock.

5. The comprehensive utilization process for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock according to claim 4, characterized in that, The actuator for the photoelectric mineral sorting step also includes a pneumatic separation device, which is electrically connected to the color sorter.

6. The comprehensive utilization process for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock according to claim 2, characterized in that, The layered transportation process also includes a pre-treatment step, and the actuators for the pre-treatment step include a vibrating screen, an intermediate ore bin, a de-powdering screen, and a desliming screen.

7. The comprehensive utilization process for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stratified transportation process also includes waste residue recycling, and the waste residue recycling implementers include sedimentation tanks and tailings bins.

8. The comprehensive utilization process for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock according to claim 6, characterized in that, The concentrates screened out by the combined tank beneficiation, photoelectric beneficiation, and pretreatment steps are all sent to the concentrate bin.

9. The comprehensive utilization process for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking assembly (5) includes a threaded rod (51), a nut (52), and a locking plate (53). One end of the threaded rod (51) passes through the through holes of two adjacent flanges (4). The nut (52) is coaxially threaded onto the threaded rod (51) and abuts against the flange (4). A groove is provided radially on the side wall of the threaded rod (51). The locking plate (53) is slidably engaged in the groove, and one end near the outside of the threaded rod (51) abuts against the inner wall of the through hole of the flange (4).

10. The comprehensive utilization process for layered mining of medium-thick interlayer phosphate rock according to claim 9, characterized in that, The locking assembly (5) further includes a linkage rod (54), an abutment rod (55), an adjusting rod (56), and a hoop (57). The abutment rod (55) is coaxially fixed to one end of the linkage rod (54), and both are slidably connected to the axis of the threaded rod (51). The end of the abutment rod (55) near the linkage rod (54) has a frustum-shaped structure and slides against the locking plate (53). The adjusting rod (56) is coaxially rotatably connected to the end of the linkage rod (54) away from the abutment rod (55) and engages with the internal thread of the threaded rod (51). The hoop (57) is sleeved on the outside of the locking plate (53).

Images