A flue gas separation apparatus for fly ash based material production

Abstract

The application discloses a flue gas separation device for fly ash-based material production, which is applied to the technical field of fly ash-based material flue gas separation and comprises a base, a shell, a plurality of groups of electrode mechanisms and a dust collecting mechanism, the dust collecting mechanism is arranged at the top of the base, and the shell is arranged at the top of the dust collecting mechanism; the dust collecting mechanism comprises a dust collecting frame, a dust collecting hopper, a guide opening, four groups of ash guiding assemblies and a dredging assembly; the ash guiding assembly comprises an ash guiding plate, an ash guiding side plate, a spring one, two groups of jacking parts, a plurality of detection parts and two groups of sliding lifting parts; the ash guiding plate is in a trapezoidal shape; the ash guiding plate is spaced apart from the inner wall of the bottom of the dust collecting hopper; the narrow end of the ash guiding plate is close to the ash outlet and is hingedly connected with the dust collecting hopper; the end, away from the ash outlet, of the ash guiding plate is hingedly connected with the ash guiding side plate; and the two ends of the spring one are fixedly connected with the ash guiding plate and the ash guiding side plate respectively; and the application can avoid the caking and blocking of the fly ash-based material in the ash hopper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flue gas separation technology for fly ash-based materials, specifically to a flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials. Background Technology

[0002] Fly ash-based materials are new building materials made primarily from fly ash produced by coal-fired power plants. Their production process requires efficient separation and collection of fly ash from flue gas to obtain pure fly ash raw materials. Electrostatic precipitators, with their advantages of large air volume handling capacity, high separation efficiency, and low operating resistance, have become key flue gas separation equipment in fly ash-based material production lines.

[0003] In an electrostatic precipitator, dust-laden flue gas passes through a high-voltage electric field zone. Fly ash particles become charged and are captured on the surface of the anode plate. After being vibrated and cleaned, the ash falls into the ash collection hopper and is finally discharged by the ash unloading system and transported to the ash silo. Existing electrostatic precipitators typically use gravity unloading for their ash collection hoppers, relying on the hopper's inclination angle and lining material to prevent ash accumulation. Some equipment is equipped with loosening devices such as air cannons and silo vibrators to assist in ash removal.

[0004] However, with the increasing demands for finer raw materials in fly ash-based materials, the particle size of fly ash collected in flue gas is becoming increasingly smaller, resulting in a significantly larger specific surface area. This type of ultrafine fly ash has poor flowability and is prone to agglomeration, easily forming bridging or rat-hole phenomena within the ash collection hopper. Existing loosening devices can only provide intermittent external intervention, making it difficult to continuously break up the already formed agglomerated layer, leading to frequent blockages at the ash collection hopper outlet. A continuous rise in ash level may flood the electric field area, causing short circuits between the anode and cathode, forcing equipment shutdown, and severely impacting the continuity of fly ash-based material production and the stability of raw material supply.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials, which can prevent fly ash-based materials from caking and clogging in the ash hopper, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials, comprising a base, a shell, several sets of electrode mechanisms and a dust collection mechanism, wherein the dust collection mechanism is disposed on the top of the base, the shell is disposed on the top of the dust collection mechanism, and the several sets of electrode mechanisms are arranged in a matrix inside the shell; The dust collection mechanism includes a dust collection frame, a dust collection hopper, a guide port, four sets of dust guiding components, and a dredging component. The dust guiding components include a dust guiding plate, a dust guiding side plate, a spring, two sets of lifting parts, several detection parts, and two sets of sliding parts. The dust guiding plate is trapezoidal in shape, and there is a gap between the dust guiding plate and the inner wall of the bottom of the dust collection hopper. The narrower end of the dust guiding plate is close to the dust outlet and hinged to the dust collection hopper, and the end of the dust guiding plate away from the dust outlet is hinged to the dust guiding side plate. The spring is disposed between the dust guiding plate and the dust guiding side plate, and the two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the dust guiding plate and the dust guiding side plate, respectively. Both sets of lifting sections are located at the bottom of the dust guide plate, both sets of sliding sections are located on the dust collection hopper, and several detection sections are fixed at equal intervals on the dust collection hopper.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the dust collection frame is fixed on the top of the base, the shell is fixed on the top of the dust collection frame, the dust collection hopper is fixed inside the dust collection frame, the guide port is fixed on the top of the dust collection hopper, the guide port is located inside the dust collection frame and below the shell, the top cross-sectional size of the guide port matches the bottom opening size of the shell, and the guide port is an opening with a large top cross-sectional size and a small bottom cross-sectional size. According to the above technical solution, the bottom of the dust collection hopper is tapered, and an ash outlet is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the dust collection hopper. The ash guiding component is set inside the bottom of the dust collection hopper, and four sets of the ash guiding components are equidistantly arranged inside the dust collection hopper along the circumferential direction of the ash outlet.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the lifting part includes a slide block, a slider, an extension rod and a telescopic rod. The slide block is fixed to the bottom of the guide plate. The slider is disposed inside the slide block and slidably connected to the slide block. The slider has a movable hole. The bottom of the slider is hinged to the extension rod. The hinge point between the slider and the extension rod is located inside the movable hole. The bottom of the dust collection hopper is fixedly connected to several limiting cylinders, the limiting cylinders correspond to the positions of the extension rods, the extension rods are located inside the limiting cylinders, and the extension rods are slidably connected to the limiting cylinders.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the detection unit includes a pressure block, a fixed cylinder, a second spring, and a pressure sensor. The bottom of the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the dust collection hopper. The pressure block, the second spring, and the pressure sensor are all disposed inside the fixed cylinder. The pressure block is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder. The pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder. The two ends of the second spring are fixedly connected to the pressure block and the pressure sensor, respectively.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the sliding part includes a second sliding block and a second sliding block. The side wall of the dust collection hopper is provided with two sets of limiting ports. The second sliding block is disposed in the limiting ports and is fixedly connected to the dust collection hopper. The second sliding block is disposed in the second sliding block. The top of the dust guiding side plate is hinged to the second sliding block on the side near the second sliding block. The side of the dust guiding side plate near the second sliding block is also provided with a scraper. The scraper contacts the inner wall of the dust collection hopper. A top block is fixedly connected to the top of the ash guide side plate near the guide port.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the unblocking component includes a motor, a drive cylinder, several guide fan blades and a propeller blade. The bottom of the dust collection hopper is fixedly connected to a support. The motor is fixed on the support. The drive cylinder is set inside the ash outlet and rotatably connected to the ash outlet. The ash outlet has a transmission port on the side near the support. The output end of the motor passes through the support and is gear-driven connected to the drive cylinder. The transmission connection between the motor and the drive cylinder is located inside the transmission port. The top sidewall of the drive cylinder has several ash guide ports at equal intervals, and several guide fan blades are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the drive cylinder. The guide fan blades are fixedly connected to the drive cylinder, and the guide fan blades and ash guide ports are arranged alternately. The propeller blades are fixed to the top of the drive cylinder.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, an air inlet and an air outlet are respectively provided on both sides of the housing. A temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet, and a particulate matter sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air outlet.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the electrode mechanism includes several cathode wires and several anode plates. The cathode support and anode support are fixedly connected inside the housing. The cathode wires are disposed on the cathode support, and the anode plates are disposed on the anode support. The cathode wires and anode plates are arranged alternately. The cathode wires and anode plates are connected to a high-voltage power supply system.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the flue gas separation equipment also includes a monitoring system for monitoring the flue gas dust removal effect. The monitoring system is electrically connected to a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a particulate matter sensor, and a pressure sensor. The monitoring system is also electrically connected to a dust collection mechanism and a high-voltage power supply system. The monitoring system is used to control the operation of the integrated mechanism and to regulate the voltage and current of the high-voltage power supply system.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: The present invention, by setting up a dust guiding component, can utilize the hinged connection between the dust guiding plate and the dust guiding side plate, in conjunction with the lifting part, the sliding part and the spring, to synchronously change the angle between the dust guiding plate and the bottom of the dust collection hopper and the angle between the dust guiding side plate and the side wall of the dust collection hopper under the drive of the telescopic rod, thereby breaking the dust caking state; the scraper on the dust guiding side plate continuously scrapes off the dust adhering to the side wall of the dust collection hopper during the lifting process, and the top block collides with the guide port at the end of the stroke to generate vibration, realizing multi-stage self-cleaning of the dust collection hopper, dust guiding plate, dust guiding side plate and guide port, effectively avoiding dust accumulation and caking, and achieving adaptive dust cleaning and anti-caking effect inside the dust collection hopper; By incorporating a dust collection component, the motor drives the drive cylinder to rotate, guiding the fan blades to gather dust from the bottom of the dust collection hopper towards the center. The propeller blades provide downward conveying force, and the dust is smoothly discharged after entering the drive cylinder through the dust guide port, effectively preventing clogging of the dust outlet and achieving active dust collection and continuous dust discharge. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic front sectional view of the dust collection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle; Figure 7 This is an equiaxed sectional view of the lifting section of the dust collection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram of area B in the middle; Figure 9 This is the invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of region C in the middle; Figure 10 This is an isometric sectional view of the sliding portion of the dust collection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is the invention Figure 10 A magnified structural diagram of region D in the middle; Figure 12 This is a top view of the exploded structure of the dust collection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the operating state of the dust guiding component of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Housing; 21. Air inlet; 22. Air outlet; 3. Electrode mechanism; 31. Cathode wire; 32. Anode plate; 4. Dust collection mechanism; 41. Dust collection frame; 42. Dust collection hopper; 43. Ash outlet; 431. Transmission port; 44. Guide port; 45. Limiting cylinder; 5. Ash guiding assembly; 51. Ash guiding plate; 52. Ash guiding side plate; 53. Spring 1; 54. Slide 1; 55. Slider 1; 56. Movable hole; 57. Extension rod; 58. Telescopic rod; 59. Pressure block; 510. Fixing cylinder; 511. Spring 2; 512. Slide 2; 513. Slider 2; 514. Top block; 515. Pressure sensor; 6. Unblocking assembly; 61. Motor; 62. Drive cylinder; 63. Guide fan blade; 64. Propeller blade; 65. Support. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-13 The present invention provides a technical solution: a flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials, comprising a base 1, a shell 2, several sets of electrode mechanisms 3 and a dust collection mechanism 4. The dust collection mechanism 4 is disposed on the top of the base 1, the shell 2 is disposed on the top of the dust collection mechanism 4, and the several sets of electrode mechanisms 3 are arranged in a matrix inside the shell 2. The shell 2 is used to form a sealed flue gas channel and support internal components. The electrode mechanisms 3 are used to generate an electric field and realize the charging and collection of dust. The dust collection mechanism 4 is used to collect and discharge dust.

[0020] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, an air inlet 21 and an air outlet 22 are respectively provided on both sides of the housing 2. The air inlet 21 is used to guide the flue gas to enter evenly, and the air outlet 22 is used to guide the flue gas to exit. A temperature sensor for detecting the flue gas temperature and a humidity sensor for detecting the flue gas humidity are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet 21. A particulate matter sensor for detecting the particulate content in the flue gas after dust removal is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air outlet 22.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the electrode mechanism 3 includes several cathode wires 31 and several anode plates 32. The cathode support and anode support are fixedly connected inside the housing 2. The cathode wires 31 are disposed on the cathode support, and the anode plates 32 are disposed on the anode support. The cathode wires 31 and anode plates 32 are arranged alternately. The cathode wires 31 and anode plates 32 are connected to a high-voltage power supply system for providing power support.

[0022] It should be noted that the cathode support and anode support are respectively equipped with a rapping mechanism for rapping the cathode wire 31 and anode plate 32 to make the dust attached to them fall off. The rapping mechanism is an existing basic structure, which is not shown in the figure and will not be described in detail here.

[0023] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the dust collection mechanism 4 includes a dust collection frame 41, a dust collection hopper 42, a guide port 44, four sets of dust guiding components 5 and a dredging component 6. The dust collection frame 41 is fixed to the top of the base 1, the housing 2 is fixed to the top of the dust collection frame 41, the dust collection hopper 42 is fixed inside the dust collection frame 41, and the guide port 44 is fixed to the top of the dust collection hopper 42. The guide port 44 is located inside the dust collection frame 41 and below the housing 2. The top cross-sectional size of the guide port 44 matches the bottom opening size of the housing 2. The guide port 44 is an opening with a large top cross-sectional size and a small bottom cross-sectional size. The guide port 44 is used to guide the dust cleaned off the cathode wire 31 and the anode plate 32 into the dust collection hopper 42. The bottom of the dust collection hopper 42 is tapered, and the ash outlet 43 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the dust collection hopper 42. The ash guiding component 5 is set inside the bottom of the dust collection hopper 42. Four sets of ash guiding components 5 are equidistantly arranged inside the dust collection hopper 42 along the circumference of the ash outlet 43. The ash guiding component 5 is used to assist in ash cleaning and avoid dust accumulation. The unblocking component 6 is used to guide the dust at the ash outlet 43 and prevent the ash outlet 43 from being blocked.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figures 5-10 As shown, the dust guiding assembly 5 includes a dust guiding plate 51, a dust guiding side plate 52, a spring 53, two sets of lifting parts, several detection parts, and two sets of sliding parts. The dust guiding plate 51 is trapezoidal in shape, with its narrower end close to the dust outlet 43. There is a gap between the dust guiding plate 51 and the inner wall of the bottom of the dust collection hopper 42. The end of the dust guiding plate 51 close to the dust outlet 43 is hinged to the dust collection hopper 42, and the end of the dust guiding plate 51 away from the dust outlet 43 is hinged to the dust guiding side plate 52. The spring 53 is disposed between the dust guiding plate 51 and the dust guiding side plate 52, and the two ends of the spring 53 are fixedly connected to the dust guiding plate 51 and the dust guiding side plate 52, respectively.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 12As shown, both sets of lifting parts are set at the bottom of the guide plate 51. The lifting part includes a slide block 54, a slider 55, an extension rod 57 and a telescopic rod 58. The slide block 54 is fixed at the bottom of the guide plate 51. The slider 55 is set inside the slide block 54 and is slidably connected to the slide block 54. The slider 55 has a movable hole 56. The bottom of the slider 55 is hinged to the extension rod 57. The hinge point between the slider 55 and the extension rod 57 is located inside the movable hole 56. Several limiting cylinders 45 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the dust collection hopper 42. The limiting cylinders 45 correspond to the positions of the extension rods 57. The extension rods 57 are located inside the limiting cylinders 45 and are slidably connected to the limiting cylinders 45.

[0026] It should be noted that when the telescopic rod 58 is fully retracted, the dust guide plate 51 remains parallel to the dust collection hopper 42; the bottom of the telescopic rod 58 is fixed to the external support surface.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, several detection units are fixed at equal intervals on the dust collection hopper 42. Each detection unit includes a pressure block 59, a fixed cylinder 510, a second spring 511, and a pressure sensor 515. The bottom of the fixed cylinder 510 is fixedly connected to the dust collection hopper 42. The pressure block 59, the second spring 511, and the pressure sensor 515 are all located inside the fixed cylinder 510. The pressure block 59 is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 510, and the pressure sensor 515 is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder 510. The two ends of the second spring 511 are fixedly connected to the pressure block 59 and the pressure sensor 515, respectively.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, two sets of sliding sections are installed on the dust collection hopper 42. The sliding section includes a second sliding block 512 and a second sliding block 513. Two sets of limiting ports are opened on the side wall of the dust collection hopper 42. The second sliding block 512 is installed in the limiting ports and is fixedly connected to the dust collection hopper 42. The second sliding block 513 is installed in the second sliding block 512. The top of the dust guiding side plate 52 is hinged to the second sliding block 513 on the side near the second sliding block 512. A scraper is also provided on the side of the dust guiding side plate 52 near the second sliding block 512. The scraper contacts the inner wall of the dust collection hopper 42 and is used to scrape off the dust on the side wall of the dust collection hopper 42. A top block 514 is fixedly connected to the top of the dust guide side plate 52 near the guide port 44. When the slider 2 513 is located at the top of the slider 2 512, the top block 514 contacts and collides with the top of the guide port 44 near the dust collection hopper 42.

[0029] In practice, such as Figure 13As shown, the extension rod 58 is extended, causing the extension rod 57 to rise, so that the hinge of the extension rod 57 and the slider 55 is located at the top of the movable hole 56. Then, the slider 55 lifts the dust guide plate 51, causing the dust guide plate 51 to rotate counterclockwise around the hinge of the dust guide plate 51 and the dust collection hopper 42, increasing the angle between the dust guide plate 51 and the dust collection hopper 42, so that the dust on the dust guide plate 51 can slide down to the center of the dust collection hopper 42 and be discharged from the ash outlet 43. Since the position of the limiting cylinder 45 is fixed, the extension rod 57 can only move in the vertical direction, but the slider 55 is slidably set in the slide seat 54. When the dust guide plate 51 is lifted, the slider 55 moves away from the hinge of the dust guide plate 51 and the dust collection hopper 42 in the slide seat 54, so that the dust guide plate 51, the bottom of the dust collection hopper 42, and the extension rod 57 continue to form a triangular support state, ensuring the support effect of the dust guide plate 51. Meanwhile, since the dust guide side plate 52 is hinged to the dust guide plate 51, and the dust guide side plate 52 is hinged to the slider 513, and the slider 513 is slidably disposed in the slide block 512, and the slide block 512 is vertically disposed, when the dust guide plate 51 is lifted, the dust guide side plate 52 will also be lifted simultaneously, causing the slider 513 to slide upward in the slide block 512. The scraper on the side of the dust guide side plate 52 near the dust collection hopper 42 scrapes away the dust on the side wall of the dust collection hopper 42, preventing dust from adhering to the side wall of the dust collection hopper 42, thus achieving dust collection hopper 42 Self-cleaning; during this process, the angle between the dust guide side plate 52 and the side wall of the dust collection hopper 42 increases, the angle between the dust guide side plate 52 and the dust guide plate 51 increases, the spring 53 is stretched, which disrupts the original fixed setting angle of the dust guide plate 51 and the dust guide side plate 52, thereby disrupting the dust agglomeration state on the dust guide plate 51 and the dust guide side plate 52 and the original dust accumulation state that slid down along the dust guide side plate 52 and accumulated at the hinge of the dust guide side plate 52 and the dust guide plate 51, so that the dust can slide down along the dust guide plate 51 with the increased angle; When the telescopic rod 58 is fully extended, the top block 514 on the top of the dust guide side plate 52 contacts the guide port 44 and is in a slight collision state. Under the action of the vibration and interaction force of the collision, the dust adhering to the guide port 44, the dust guide side plate 52, and the dust guide plate 51 falls off, realizing the self-cleaning of the guide port 44, the dust guide side plate 52, and the dust guide plate 51, and keeping the surface clean.

[0030] Conversely, when the telescopic rod 58 retracts, the hinge between the extension rod 57 and the slider 55 is located at the bottom of the movable hole 56. Then, the downward-moving extension rod 57 drives the slider 55 downward, causing the guide plate 51 to descend, reducing the angle between the guide plate 51 and the dust hopper 42. Then, through the hinge between the guide plate 51 and the guide side plate 52 and the contraction of the spring 53, the angle between the guide plate 51 and the guide side plate 52 and the angle between the guide side plate 52 and the side wall of the dust hopper 42 are reduced, causing the slider 513 to slide down in the slide block 512 until the guide plate 51 and the dust hopper 42 are parallel, and the angle between the guide side plate 52 and the side wall of the dust hopper 42 is reduced to the minimum.

[0031] When the telescopic rod 58 is fully retracted, if there is no dust accumulation on the dust guide plate 51, the dust guide plate 51 is parallel to the dust collection hopper 42, the dust guide plate 51 is close to or in contact with the pressure block 59, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 515 is small or barely noticeable, that is, it remains within the set safety range, which is set by the staff. If dust accumulates on the dust guide plate 51, under the weight of the dust guide plate 51 and the gravity of the dust, the dust guide plate 51 rotates around the hinge point with the dust collection hopper 42 towards the bottom of the dust collection hopper 42. This reduces the distance between the end of the dust guide plate 51 away from the dust collection hopper 42 and the dust collection hopper 42, causing the dust guide plate 51 to contact the pressure block 59. The pressure block 59 slides to one side of the fixed cylinder 510 within the fixed cylinder 510, and is then transmitted to the pressure sensor 515 through the second spring 511. This causes the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 515 to increase until the pressure value exceeds the set safety range. During this process, the hinge point between the slider 55 and the extension rod 57 moves from the bottom of the movable hole 56 to the top of the movable hole 56. The slider 55 slides adaptively within the slide block 54 to maintain the stability of the triangular relationship formed by the dust guide plate 51, the dust collection hopper 42, and the extension rod 57. If the dust is in block form and falls directly onto the dust guide plate 51 from inside the housing 2 or the guide port 44, or if the telescopic rod 58 retracts rapidly and the dust guide plate 51 rotates around the hinge point with the dust collection hopper 42 towards the side closer to the fixed cylinder 510 due to the inertia of the dust guide plate 51, the dust guide plate 51 will suddenly come into contact with the pressure block 59 or even collide with it. This will cause the spring 511 to compress and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 515 to increase. At the same time, the interaction force will cause the dust collection hopper 42 and the dust guide plate 51 to vibrate, thereby causing the dust on the dust collection hopper 42, the dust guide plate 51, and the dust guide side plate 52 hinged to the dust guide plate 51 to fall off, preventing the continuous accumulation of dust and achieving a self-cleaning effect.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figures 5-7As shown, the unblocking component 6 includes a motor 61, a drive cylinder 62, several guide fan blades 63 and propeller blades 64. A support 65 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dust collection hopper 42. The motor 61 is fixed on the support 65. The drive cylinder 62 is set in the ash outlet 43 and rotatably connected to the ash outlet 43. A transmission port 431 is opened on the side of the ash outlet 43 near the support 65. The output end of the motor 61 passes through the support 65 and is gear-driven connected to the drive cylinder 62. The transmission connection between the motor 61 and the drive cylinder 62 is located in the transmission port 431. The top sidewall of the drive cylinder 62 is provided with several ash guide ports at equal intervals, and several guide fan blades 63 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the drive cylinder 62. The guide fan blades 63 are fixedly connected to the drive cylinder 62, and the guide fan blades 63 and the ash guide ports are arranged alternately. The propeller blades 64 are fixed to the top of the drive cylinder 62.

[0033] In actual operation, the motor 61 starts and drives the drive cylinder 62 to rotate through gear transmission, which in turn drives the guide fan blade 63 and the propeller blade 64 to rotate, so that the dust accumulated at the bottom of the dust collection hopper 42 can enter the drive cylinder 62 along the propeller blade 64 and the dust guide port, and be discharged from the drive cylinder 62.

[0034] The flue gas separation equipment also includes a monitoring system for monitoring the flue gas dust removal effect. The monitoring system is electrically connected to a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a particulate matter sensor, and a pressure sensor 515. The monitoring system is also electrically connected to the dust collection mechanism 4 and the high-voltage power supply system to control the operation of the integrated mechanism 4 and to regulate the voltage and current of the high-voltage power supply system.

[0035] It should be noted that the flue gas separation equipment is also equipped with pre-treatment equipment, such as cooling and drying devices; the flue gas separation equipment is also equipped with observation windows for observing the internal condition.

[0036] Operation method of flue gas separation equipment for fly ash-based material production: Step 1: Preparation and Monitoring: Before starting the equipment, the control and monitoring system is initialized, and the data from the temperature and humidity sensors at the air inlet 21 and the particulate matter sensor at the air outlet 22 are read in real time.

[0037] When the flue gas temperature or humidity exceeds the optimal operating range of electrode mechanism 3, for example, excessively high temperature may reduce the electric field strength, and excessive humidity may cause electrode creep or dust adhesion, the monitoring system automatically adjusts the pre-treatment equipment, such as cooling and drying devices, or adjusts the output parameters of the high-voltage power supply system to ensure the charging and collection efficiency of electrode mechanism 3. The monitoring system records the initial particulate matter concentration value as a reference for subsequent judgment of dust removal efficiency and dust removal timing.

[0038] Step 2, Flue Gas Charging and Collection: Flue gas enters the interior of the housing 2 evenly through the air inlet 21. The high-voltage power supply system supplies power to the cathode wire 31 and the anode plate 32, forming a strong electric field. The dust in the flue gas is charged in the electric field and is collected by the anode plate 32 under the action of the electric field force. The monitoring system dynamically adjusts the voltage and current of the high-voltage power supply system based on the real-time feedback from the particulate matter sensor at the air outlet 22.

[0039] Step 3, Intelligent dust removal and collection: The rapping mechanism rappels the cathode wire 31 and anode plate 32 according to the set cycle, causing the captured dust to fall into the guide port 44 below and be collected in the dust collection hopper 42.

[0040] Specifically, the dust guiding assembly 5 operates in a coordinated manner: the telescopic rod 58 extends, and through the triangular support structure of the extension rod 57, slider 55, and slide block 54, it smoothly lifts the dust guiding plate 51. During this process, the dust guiding side plate 52 rises synchronously, its scraper cleans the side wall of the dust collection hopper 42, and the spring 53 is stretched, breaking the dust agglomeration. Afterward, the monitoring system controls the telescopic rod 58 to retract, the dust guiding plate 51 returns to a parallel state with the dust collection hopper 42, the pressure sensor 515 reading drops, the monitoring system determines that the dust cleaning is complete, and resumes standby monitoring.

[0041] Continuous operation of the unblocking component 6: The motor 61 continuously or intermittently drives the drive cylinder 62 to rotate, which in turn drives the guide fan blade 63 and the propeller blade 64 to rotate; when dust accumulates at the ash outlet 43, the propeller blade 64 provides downward conveying force, and the guide fan blade 63 guides the surrounding dust to the ash outlet, ensuring that the dust is continuously and smoothly discharged from the ash outlet 43.

[0042] Dust accumulation detection: The detection unit monitors the amount of dust accumulation on the dust guide plate 51 in real time. When the pressure sensor 515 value exceeds the set safety range, it indicates that the dust guide plate 51 is seriously dusty. The monitoring system controls the telescopic rod 58 to actively lift the dust guide plate 51 for cleaning, increasing the angle between the dust guide plate 51 and the dust collection hopper 42, and accelerating the dust to slide down to the dust outlet 43. If the pressure value fluctuates violently for a moment, the monitoring system determines it to be an abnormal impact. At this time, the vibration generated by the impact can be used to assist the dust to fall off.

[0043] When the humidity sensor at the air inlet detects that the humidity of the flue gas is too high, the monitoring system determines that the dust adhesion is enhanced. At this time, the monitoring system controls the telescopic rod 58 to increase the frequency and amplitude of its movement, ensuring that the scraper on the dust guide side plate 52 scrapes the side wall of the dust collection hopper 42 more frequently to prevent wet dust from caking. At the same time, the collision frequency between the top block 514 and the guide port 44 will also increase, enhancing the self-cleaning effect.

[0044] It should be noted that the monitoring system can automatically adjust the speed of the motor 61 based on the feedback from the pressure sensor 515 or a preset time interval, thereby achieving a balance between energy saving and ash removal efficiency.

[0045] Step 4: Emission and Recirculation Monitoring: The treated flue gas is discharged through outlet 22, and the particulate matter sensor continuously monitors the emission concentration. If the emission value exceeds the preset standard, the monitoring system will trigger an alarm, prompting the operator to check the equipment's sealing or the status of electrode mechanism 3.

[0046] The above methods can prevent fly ash-based materials from caking and clogging in the ash hopper.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials, comprising a base (1), a shell (2), several sets of electrode mechanisms (3), and a dust collection mechanism (4), characterized in that, The dust collection mechanism (4) is located on the top of the base (1), the housing (2) is located on the top of the dust collection mechanism (4), and several sets of electrode mechanisms (3) are arranged in a matrix inside the housing (2). The dust collection mechanism (4) includes a dust collection frame (41), a dust collection hopper (42), a guide port (44), four sets of dust guiding components (5) and a dredging component (6). The dust guiding component (5) includes a dust guiding plate (51), a dust guiding side plate (52), a spring (53), two sets of lifting parts, several detection parts and two sets of sliding parts. The dust guiding plate (51) is trapezoidal in shape. There is a gap between the dust guiding plate (51) and the inner wall of the bottom of the dust collection hopper (42). The narrower end of the dust guiding plate (51) is close to the dust outlet (43) and is hinged to the dust collection hopper (42). The end of the dust guiding plate (51) away from the dust outlet (43) is hinged to the dust guiding side plate (52). The spring (53) is set between the dust guiding plate (51) and the dust guiding side plate (52). The two ends of the spring (53) are fixedly connected to the dust guiding plate (51) and the dust guiding side plate (52) respectively. Both sets of lifting parts are located at the bottom of the dust guide plate (51), both sets of sliding parts are located on the dust collection hopper (42), and several detection parts are fixed at equal intervals on the dust collection hopper (42).

2. The flue gas separation equipment for the production of fly ash-based materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection frame (41) is fixed to the top of the base (1), the housing (2) is fixed to the top of the dust collection frame (41), the dust collection hopper (42) is fixed inside the dust collection frame (41), the guide port (44) is fixed to the top of the dust collection hopper (42), the guide port (44) is located inside the dust collection frame (41) and below the housing (2), the top cross-sectional size of the guide port (44) matches the bottom opening size of the housing (2), and the guide port (44) is an opening with a large top cross-sectional size and a small bottom cross-sectional size.

3. The flue gas separation equipment for the production of fly ash-based materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the dust collection hopper (42) is constricted. A dust outlet (43) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the dust collection hopper (42). The dust guiding component (5) is set at the bottom of the dust collection hopper (42). Four sets of dust guiding components (5) are equidistantly arranged inside the dust collection hopper (42) along the circumferential direction of the dust outlet (43).

4. The flue gas separation equipment for the production of fly ash-based materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting part includes a slide block (54), a slider (55), an extension rod (57), and a telescopic rod (58). The slide block (54) is fixed to the bottom of the guide plate (51). The slider (55) is disposed inside the slide block (54) and is slidably connected to the slide block (54). The slider (55) has a movable hole (56). The bottom of the slider (55) is hinged to the extension rod (57). The hinge point between the slider (55) and the extension rod (57) is located inside the movable hole (56). The bottom of the dust collection hopper (42) is fixedly connected with several limiting cylinders (45). The limiting cylinders (45) correspond to the positions of the extension rods (57). The extension rods (57) are located inside the limiting cylinders (45) and are slidably connected to the limiting cylinders (45).

5. A flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection unit includes a pressure block (59), a fixed cylinder (510), a second spring (511), and a pressure sensor (515). The bottom of the fixed cylinder (510) is fixedly connected to the dust collection hopper (42). The pressure block (59), the second spring (511), and the pressure sensor (515) are all disposed inside the fixed cylinder (510). The pressure block (59) is slidably connected to the fixed cylinder (510). The pressure sensor (515) is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder (510). The two ends of the second spring (511) are fixedly connected to the pressure block (59) and the pressure sensor (515) respectively.

6. A flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sliding section includes a second sliding block (512) and a second sliding block (513). The side wall of the dust collection hopper (42) is provided with two sets of limiting ports. The second sliding block (512) is located in the limiting ports and is fixedly connected to the dust collection hopper (42). The second sliding block (513) is located in the second sliding block (512). The top of the dust guiding side plate (52) is hinged to the second sliding block (513) on the side near the second sliding block (512). The side of the dust guiding side plate (52) near the second sliding block (512) is also provided with a scraper. The scraper contacts the inner wall of the dust collection hopper (42). The top of the dust guide side plate (52) near the guide port (44) is fixedly connected to a top block (514).

7. A flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials according to claim 6, characterized in that, The unblocking component (6) includes a motor (61), a drive cylinder (62), several guide fan blades (63) and a propeller blade (64). The bottom of the dust collection hopper (42) is fixedly connected to a support (65). The motor (61) is fixed on the support (65). The drive cylinder (62) is set inside the ash outlet (43) and rotatably connected to the ash outlet (43). The ash outlet (43) has a transmission port (431) on the side near the support (65). The output end of the motor (61) passes through the support (65) and is gear-driven connected to the drive cylinder (62). The transmission connection between the motor (61) and the drive cylinder (62) is located inside the transmission port (431). The top sidewall of the drive cylinder (62) is provided with several ash guide ports at equal intervals, and several guide fan blades (63) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the drive cylinder (62). The guide fan blades (63) are fixedly connected to the drive cylinder (62), and the guide fan blades (63) and the ash guide ports are arranged alternately. The propeller blades (64) are fixed on the top of the drive cylinder (62).

8. A flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials according to claim 7, characterized in that, The housing (2) is provided with an air inlet (21) and an air outlet (22) on both sides respectively. A temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet (21), and a particulate matter sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air outlet (22).

9. A flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electrode mechanism (3) includes several cathode wires (31) and several anode plates (32). The cathode support and anode support are fixedly connected inside the housing (2). The cathode wires (31) are arranged on the cathode support, and the anode plates (32) are arranged on the anode support. The cathode wires (31) and anode plates (32) are arranged alternately. The cathode wires (31) and anode plates (32) are connected to a high-voltage power supply system.

10. A flue gas separation device for the production of fly ash-based materials according to claim 9, characterized in that, The flue gas separation equipment also includes a monitoring system for monitoring the flue gas dust removal effect. The monitoring system is electrically connected to a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a particulate matter sensor, and a pressure sensor (515). The monitoring system is also electrically connected to a dust collection mechanism (4) and a high-voltage power supply system for controlling the operation of the integrated mechanism (4) and regulating the voltage and current of the high-voltage power supply system.

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