A toothed bionic indexable insert
By designing a toothed indexable insert based on biomimetic principles, and combining a curved cutting edge and chip breaker, the problems of high cutting force, severe wear, and vibration of traditional cutting tools in difficult-to-machine materials are solved, achieving higher machining safety and surface quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHANGCHUN UNIV OF TECH
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Traditional cutting tools face problems such as high cutting force, high cutting temperature, severe tool wear and machining vibration when machining difficult materials, and the traditional chip breaker design has limited effectiveness.
The toothed biomimetic indexable insert is designed using biomimetic principles, combining a curved cutting edge and a biomimetic curved chip breaker, including a biomimetic curved cutting edge and a W-shaped chip breaker, to reduce sudden changes in cutting force, control chip flow direction, and increase heat dissipation and mechanical strength.
Reduce machining vibration, improve tool life and machining safety, enhance chip breaking ability, improve surface quality and tool versatility.
Smart Images
Figure CN122142368A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cutting tool technology, specifically relating to a biomimetic indexable insert with tooth profile. Background Technology
[0002] With the development of modern industry and materials science, more and more materials are being discovered or created. These materials are widely used in important fields such as military, automotive, and aerospace due to their superior properties. However, these materials are often difficult to machine due to their inherent characteristics and are known as hard-to-machine materials, such as titanium alloys and nickel-based alloys. Cutting tools have always played a crucial role in machining; they are like the "teeth" of machining equipment, and their cutting performance significantly affects machining efficiency and the quality of machined parts. Traditional cutting tools often face numerous challenges when machining hard-to-machine materials, such as high cutting forces, high cutting temperatures, and severe tool wear. Optimizing the design of the tool's shape and structure can maximize its cutting performance. Designing cutting edges in a curved shape is a key design element in modern machining technology. Compared to traditional straight cutting edges, curved cutting edges typically offer better physical performance and economic benefits. This is because, unlike straight cutting edges, curved cutting edges gradually increase cutting force during machining due to progressive contact with the workpiece. This reduces sudden changes in cutting force, lowers peak impact loads and tool vibration, and improves tool life. Furthermore, curved cutting edges involve segmented contact and segmented cutting during machining, often distributing loads and enhancing the mechanical strength of the cutting tool while promoting chip generation and improving chip removal capabilities. Simultaneously, the chip breaker groove, as a crucial component of machining tools, plays a vital role in significantly improving cutting performance; therefore, its shape design is also extremely important. In addition, over hundreds of millions of years of evolution, life on Earth has developed unique survival strategies through natural selection and evolution. The characteristics exhibited by these organisms can directly inspire advancements in machining technology. Moreover, the significance of biomimicry extends beyond simply driving technological progress; it also fosters a deep integration of science and nature, promoting continuous progress and development in engineering technology. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to combine bionic principles with the curved cutting edge technology in modern cutting technology to provide a bionic indexable insert with a tooth shape, which can improve the quality of products during the cutting of difficult-to-machine materials, reduce cutting force and heat, reduce machining vibration, reduce tool wear, increase tool life, improve the chip breaking ability of the tool and machining safety.
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a tooth-shaped biomimetic indexable cutting tool, which has the following characteristics: The rake face is an irregular plane due to the curved cutting edges all around it, and it is located on the upper surface of the tool body. The rear cutting face, corresponding to the front cutting face, is located on the side of the blade; The cutting edge is located at the intersection of the rake face and the flank face. The cutting edge is a biomimetic curve cutting edge, and its curve feature is the cross-sectional curve of the human molar biting food, extracted according to the principle of bionics. The chip breaker groove is located on the rake face after the cutting edge. The chip breaker groove is a biomimetic curve chip breaker groove. Because its shape is similar to the English letter "W", it is also called the "W" shaped biomimetic chip breaker groove. Its curve feature is extracted from the cross-sectional curve of the human grinding teeth grinding food according to the principle of bionics. The boss is located in the middle of the rake face, next to a protruding plane of the chip breaker groove. The through hole is located in the center of the boss and extends through the entire rake face and the boss.
[0005] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following advantages and positive effects: The present invention combines curved cutting edge technology with bionics, and the designed curved cutting edge is a tooth-shaped bionic curved cutting edge. Its curve feature is the cross-sectional curve of the human grinding tooth biting food, extracted according to the principle of bionics. This cutting edge can gradually increase the cutting force rather than produce a sudden change by gradually contacting the workpiece during the processing, thereby reducing the vibration of the tool during the cutting process, reducing the surface roughness, and improving the surface quality; reducing the peak value of the impact load to prevent tool chipping, and increasing the contact area to increase heat dissipation; and the curved cutting edge usually has the function of dispersing load, which can not only improve the mechanical strength of the blade, but also promote the generation of chips, improve the chip removal performance of the tool, and increase the processing safety. Furthermore, the chip breaker groove of the blade is a bionic curved chip breaker groove. Because its shape is similar to the English letter "W", it is also called a "W"-shaped bionic chip breaker groove. Its curve feature is the cross-sectional curve of the human grinding tooth grinding food, extracted according to the principle of bionics. The above technical solution can control the flow direction and curling radius of chips, allowing them to curl and break regularly before being discharged. This also prevents chip splashing and entanglement in the workpiece, improving machining safety and workpiece surface quality. Furthermore, the "W"-shaped biomimetic chip breaker groove, due to its curved characteristics, can adapt to different machining environments and effectively break chips under various parameters, increasing the tool's versatility and applicability. Further, a boss is provided behind the chip breaker groove on the rake face; this facilitates the clamping and fixing of the insert, reduces vibration during machining, and can also assist in chip breaking and enhance the strength of the insert clamping area. Furthermore, a through hole is formed in the middle of the boss on the rake face, extending through the entire insert, and can be used for insert fixing and indexing. Attached Figure Description
[0006] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0007] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
[0008] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view.
[0009] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A sectional view along the horizontal center line.
[0010] In the diagram: 1. Rake face; 2. Cutting edge; 3. Chip breaker groove; 4. Boss; 5. Flank face; 6. Through hole. Detailed Implementation
[0011] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. Please refer to... Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a tooth-shaped biomimetic indexable insert, as shown in the figure, including a rake face (1), a cutting edge (2), a chip breaker groove (3), a boss (4), a flank face (5), and a through hole (6).
[0012] Specifically, the cutting edge (2) is a tooth-shaped biomimetic curved cutting edge, whose curve feature is taken from the cross-sectional curve of human teeth biting food. The curved cutting edge is different from the traditional straight cutting edge. Due to its curved characteristics, it gradually contacts the workpiece during cutting, resulting in a gradual rather than abrupt change in cutting force. This can reduce the vibration of the tool during processing, reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece, and improve the surface quality. Moreover, this contact method can significantly reduce the peak value of the impact load and reduce the risk of tool chipping. At the same time, it can increase the contact area to increase heat dissipation. Furthermore, the curved cutting edge usually has the function of dispersing load. It can not only improve the mechanical strength of the cutting tool, but also change the initial state and flow state of the chips through this contact method. The generated chips will be thinner and narrower and easier to discharge, avoiding excessively long chips from wrapping around the tool or workpiece, thereby protecting the processed surface and improving processing safety.
[0013] Specifically, the chip breaker groove (3) is a tooth-shaped biomimetic curve chip breaker groove, whose curve characteristics are derived from the cross-sectional curve of human grinding teeth grinding food. Its shape resembles the English letter "W" and is also called the "W"-shaped biomimetic chip breaker groove. In the cutting process, since the chip breaking principle of the chip breaker groove relies on contact to make the chips curl and break, the "W"-shaped biomimetic chip breaker groove, due to its curve characteristics, can control the flow direction and curling radius of the chips, so that the chips are regularly curled and discharged, avoiding chip splashing and entanglement of the workpiece; at the same time, for traditional chip breaker grooves, under certain processing parameters, the chips flow and curl in the same direction in the chip breaker groove, but once the cutting parameters are changed, especially the depth of cut and feed, the effect of the chip breaker groove will be greatly reduced or even fail. The "W"-shaped biomimetic chip breaker groove is a multi-segment curve design, and its curve characteristics indicate that the chips generated by the "W"-shaped biomimetic chip breaker groove under different processing parameters can be broken in a timely and effective manner, increasing the versatility of the tool under different working conditions.
[0014] Specifically, the boss (4) is located behind the chip breaker groove (3) and in the middle of the rake face (1). Its protruding part can assist in chip breaking and is mainly used for fixing and clamping the cutting tool to reduce vibration during the cutting process. It can also enhance the strength of the cutting tool fixing point.
[0015] Specifically, the through hole (6) is located in the center of the boss (4), penetrating the entire front face (1) and the boss (4), and mainly serves to fix and rotate.
[0016] Obviously, although the present invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is descriptive and exemplary, and not restrictive. Since the present invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, any equivalent structural modifications made using the description and drawings of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A toothed biomimetic indexable cutting tool, comprising a cutting body; characterized in that... The cutting tool body includes a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge at the intersection of the rake and flank faces. The rake face has a chip-breaking groove near the cutting edge, primarily used to alter the curling and flow path of the chips, and to break them promptly, preventing chip splashing and entanglement with the workpiece, thus improving machining safety. A boss is provided behind the chip-breaking groove to facilitate clamping and positioning of the insert, and also to enhance the strength of the clamping area and reduce machining vibration. A through hole is formed in the center of the boss, penetrating the entire insert, for fixing and indexing the insert during operation. The toothed biomimetic indexable insert is characterized in that the cutting edge is a biomimetic curved cutting edge, its curve feature being the cross-sectional curve of a human grinding tooth biting food, extracted based on biomimetic principles. The toothed biomimetic indexable insert is also characterized in that the chip-breaking groove is a curved chip-breaking groove, also called a biomimetic "W" shaped chip-breaking groove because its shape resembles the English letter "W," its curve feature being the cross-sectional curve of a human grinding tooth grinding food, extracted based on biomimetic principles. The aforementioned tooth-shaped biomimetic indexable insert is characterized in that the boss, closely connected to the chip-breaking groove, is located in the middle of the rake face, and a small portion protrudes from the clamping position on the upper surface of the insert, facilitating insert clamping, reducing machining vibration, and enhancing the strength of the clamping point while aiding in chip breaking. The aforementioned tooth-shaped biomimetic indexable insert is further characterized in that the through hole is located at the center of the rake face and the boss, penetrating the entire insert surface, and is used for insert mounting and indexing.