High efficiency drilling apparatus for workpieces and method of use

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of drilling device, especially relates to a high-efficiency workpiece drilling device and a using method thereof. The drilling device comprises a rack, a clamping seat, a drilling unit, two groups of horizontal drilling mechanisms, a vertical drilling mechanism, a main driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism. In the process that the two groups of horizontal drilling mechanisms are driven by the main driving mechanism to approach or move away from the workpiece, the vertical drilling mechanism can be driven by the transmission mechanism to synchronously approach or move away from the workpiece. Compared with the prior art, the drilling device has the advantages of compact structure, high transmission efficiency, multi-surface synchronous drilling and no need of complex electrical control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of drilling device technology, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] In mold manufacturing, especially in the processing of automotive lamp molds, it is common to need to drill holes on two horizontal sidewalls and a vertical surface. For example, ejector pin holes need to be drilled on the vertical surface of the automotive lamp mold to facilitate the ejection of the product after injection molding; while cooling water channels need to be drilled on the two horizontal sidewalls of the automotive lamp mold for temperature control of the mold to ensure the molding quality of the optical products.

[0003] For machining workpieces requiring drilling on multiple surfaces, traditional drilling methods typically employ single-axis drilling machines, where a single drill bit sequentially drills different surfaces of the workpiece. After drilling one surface, the operator needs to flip the workpiece and re-clamp it for positioning. This process involves significant downtime, is not only cumbersome but also prone to introducing positioning errors due to repeated clamping. In mass production, this sequential machining method severely impacts production efficiency and product consistency.

[0004] Patent publication CN114226803A discloses a drawer panel processing device based on multi-station conversion. This technology sets horizontal side drilling mechanisms on both sides of the workpiece and installs a vertical drilling mechanism on the top surface of the workpiece. This solution enables the simultaneous activation of two sets of horizontal side drilling mechanisms and one set of vertical drilling mechanisms to perform synchronous drilling on the workpiece, avoiding the step of flipping and re-clamping, and shortening the waiting time to a certain extent.

[0005] However, in this technology, each drilling mechanism requires an independent cylinder as a power source to drive it closer to or away from the workpiece. This necessitates a complex electrical synchronization control system to coordinate the actions of the three cylinders and prevent interference. Furthermore, multiple power sources also mean higher energy consumption, and the overall transmission efficiency and structural simplicity still need improvement. Therefore, existing drilling devices require further refinement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing a high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces and its method of use. This drilling device has a more compact structure, higher transmission efficiency, and can achieve multi-face synchronous drilling without the need for a complex electrical control system.

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-efficiency drilling device for a workpiece, comprising: The frame is equipped with a clamping seat, which can support the workpiece and clamp or release it. Drilling unit, which can perform drilling operations on workpieces; Two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms are respectively set on both sides of the clamping base in the horizontal direction. Each set of horizontal drilling mechanisms includes a translation seat, which can slide on the frame in the horizontal direction. Each translation seat is equipped with a set of drilling units. The vertical drilling mechanism is set in the vertical direction of the clamping base. The vertical drilling mechanism includes a longitudinal sliding base and a drilling unit. The longitudinal sliding base can slide in the vertical direction on the frame, and a set of drilling units is also provided on the longitudinal sliding base. The main drive mechanism can simultaneously drive two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms to move closer or further apart from each other. The transmission mechanism includes a transmission frame and a transmission rod. At least one set of transmission frames is provided on the longitudinal shift seat, and the transmission frames are provided with inclined guide grooves. At least one translation seat is provided with a transmission rod, and the transmission rod is slidably installed in the guide groove. Among them, the translation seat equipped with a transmission rod can drive the longitudinal translation seat to move synchronously closer to or away from the workpiece through the transmission rod and the transmission frame.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the drilling unit further includes a support base, a drill bit body, and a drilling motor. The drilling motor is mounted on the support base, the drill bit body is rotatably mounted on the support base, and the connecting end of the drill bit body is connected to the output shaft of the drilling motor through a connector.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the connector further includes a universal coupling one, a connecting rod, a universal coupling two, a bearing housing, and a locking element. One end of the universal coupling one is connected to the output shaft of the drilling motor, the other end of the universal coupling one is connected to one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to one end of the universal coupling two, and the other end of the universal coupling two is connected to the drill bit body. The drill bit body is rotatably mounted on the bearing housing, and the bearing housing is slidably mounted on the support seat along the radial direction of the drill bit body. The locking element can lock or unlock the bearing housing on the support seat.

[0010] In the above technical solution, furthermore, both the translation seat and the longitudinal seat are provided with adjustment frames, and the adjustment frames are provided with strip-shaped through grooves. The support seat is fixed on the adjustment frame by threaded connectors and the strip-shaped through grooves. The support seat can be adjusted in the vertical direction on the adjustment frame of the translation seat, and the support seat can be adjusted in the horizontal direction on the adjustment frame of the longitudinal seat.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the clamping base further includes a positioning base and a clamping mechanism. The positioning base can carry the workpiece, and a positioning plate is vertically arranged on one side of the positioning base. The clamping mechanism includes a clamping block and a clamping cylinder. The clamping cylinder is arranged on the side of the positioning base away from the positioning plate. The clamping cylinder can drive the clamping block to approach or move away from the positioning plate, thereby clamping or releasing the workpiece through the cooperation of the clamping block and the positioning plate.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the clamping seat can slide along the shifting direction on the frame, and the frame is also provided with a shifting drive mechanism. The shifting mechanism can drive the clamping seat to adjust its position in the shifting direction. The shifting mechanism includes a shifting cylinder and a push plate. The shifting cylinder is set on the frame, and the push plate is set on the positioning seat. The piston rod of the shifting cylinder is connected to the push plate.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the main drive mechanism further includes a bidirectional lead screw and a geared motor. The two ends of the bidirectional lead screw are provided with threads with opposite directions of rotation. The bidirectional lead screw is horizontally rotatably mounted on the frame. The geared motor can drive the bidirectional lead screw to rotate. Both translation seats are provided with transmission sleeves that cooperate with the bidirectional lead screw. When the bidirectional lead screw rotates, it can drive the two translation seats to move closer or further apart through the two transmission sleeves.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the drilling device further includes an initial locking mechanism, which includes a locking groove, a fixed shaft, a rotating ring, a locking block, a torsional elastic element, an electromagnet, and a metal block. The locking groove is located on the bottom surface of the longitudinal moving seat, the fixed shaft is located on the frame, the rotating ring is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft, and the locking block is located on the outer wall of the rotating ring. When the longitudinal moving seat is in the initial position, the locking block can rotate around the fixed shaft to enter or exit the locking groove. The torsional elastic element is located between the fixed shaft and the rotating ring, the electromagnet is located on the frame and on one side of the fixed shaft, and the metal block is located on the outer wall of the rotating ring. When the electromagnet is energized, it can attract the metal block and cause the locking block to insert into the locking groove. During this process, the torsional elastic element deforms.

[0015] In the above technical solution, furthermore, an initial locking mechanism is provided on both sides of the frame and located on the longitudinal sliding seat. When the longitudinal sliding seat is in the initial position, the two sets of initial locking mechanisms can lock the longitudinal sliding seat at the same time.

[0016] This invention also discloses a method of using the aforementioned drilling device, comprising the following steps: Reset procedure: The main drive mechanism and the transmission mechanism work together to drive the longitudinal sliding seat and the two sets of translational seats to the initial position, and energize the electromagnet to drive the locking block to insert into the locking slot, so that the movement of the longitudinal sliding seat and the two sets of translational seats is locked. Clamping steps: Place the workpiece on the clamping base, and the clamping base will clamp the workpiece. Unlocking steps: De-energize the electromagnet, twist the elastic element to drive the locking block out of the locking groove, thereby unlocking the movement of the longitudinal sliding seat and the two sets of translational seats; Drilling process steps: The main drive mechanism and the transmission mechanism work together to drive the longitudinal traverse seat and two sets of translation seats to slowly approach the workpiece. During this process, the three sets of drilling units slowly approach the workpiece and perform drilling on the workpiece. After drilling is completed, the main drive mechanism and the transmission mechanism work together to drive the longitudinal traverse seat and two sets of translation seats to slowly move away from the workpiece. During this process, the three sets of drilling units slowly move away from the workpiece. Removal procedure: When the longitudinal moving base and the two sets of translational bases return to their initial positions, the electromagnet is energized to drive the locking block to insert into the locking slot, so that the movement of the longitudinal moving base and the two sets of translational bases is locked. At this time, the clamping base releases the workpiece and removes the processed workpiece. Continuous processing steps: repeated clamping steps, unlocking steps, drilling steps, and part removal steps.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By setting a main drive mechanism to simultaneously drive two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms, and using a transmission mechanism to mechanically transmit the motion of one side of the horizontal drilling mechanism to the vertical drilling mechanism, it is possible to synchronously control the feed and retraction of the drilling units in three directions using only one main drive source. This avoids the drawbacks of existing technologies that require multiple cylinders and complex electrical synchronization control systems, greatly simplifies the control logic, reduces equipment costs and energy consumption, and ensures absolute synchronization of the three-directional motion through pure mechanical linkage, eliminating the risk of machining interference caused by control delay.

[0018] 2. The connector structure design of the double universal coupling and adjustable bearing housing allows for a slight radial offset of the drill bit body relative to the axis of the drilling motor. In actual machining, this can compensate for the angular deviation caused by the long-distance transmission rod, ensuring that the drill bit remains perpendicular to the workpiece surface and improving drilling accuracy. At the same time, the bearing housing can be adjusted radially along the drill bit body, allowing the same drilling unit to adapt to the machining requirements of different hole spacings, enhancing the flexibility and versatility of the device.

[0019] 3. An adjustment frame with a strip-shaped through groove is set between the moving base and the support base of the drilling unit. This structure allows the drill bit body of the drilling unit to be finely adjusted in the direction perpendicular to its feed direction. For the horizontal drilling unit, the drilling height of the drill bit on the side wall of the workpiece can be adjusted; for the vertical drilling unit, the horizontal drilling position of the drill bit on the top surface of the workpiece can be adjusted. This design greatly improves the applicability of the device, enabling it to quickly adapt to the processing of workpieces with different specifications and hole layouts.

[0020] 4. By setting up a shifting mechanism, the entire clamping base can be adjusted in position on the frame along the shifting direction. When a workpiece has a row of continuous holes that need to be machined in a certain direction, there is no need to re-clamp the workpiece. The clamping base can be moved by the shifting cylinder to realize the sequential machining of a row of holes by the drilling unit. This greatly expands the processing range of the device and realizes "one machine for multiple uses".

[0021] 5. By using a bidirectional lead screw as the core component of the main drive mechanism, it is the simplest and most efficient solution to achieve synchronous reverse motion of two horizontal drilling mechanisms. The bidirectional lead screw drive has the advantages of smooth transmission, high positional accuracy, and strong self-locking ability. Combined with a geared motor, it can provide a stable and powerful feed force to ensure the stability of the drilling process.

[0022] 6. By setting an initial locking mechanism, in non-working states (such as when loading and unloading workpieces), this mechanism can lock the vertical drilling mechanism in a safe and fixed initial position. This can effectively prevent the vertical drilling mechanism from suddenly falling due to accidental power failure, mechanical vibration, or human error, thereby protecting the drill bit and workpiece, and more importantly, ensuring the safety of the operator. Furthermore, since the vertical drilling mechanism is connected to the two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms through a transmission mechanism, when the vertical drilling mechanism is locked, the two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms are also locked at the same time. This makes the locking range of the initial locking mechanism larger, further ensuring the safety of the operator. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the front of the drilling device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the drilling device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the back of the drilling device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a top view of the drilling device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a side view of the drilling device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the initial locking mechanism locking the longitudinal sliding seat in its initial position state in this invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the initial locking mechanism unlocking the longitudinal sliding seat in this invention, with the longitudinal sliding seat approaching the workpiece in a vertical direction.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling unit in this invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural diagram of the workpiece clamped on the drilling device of the present invention.

[0033] The markings in the diagram are as follows: X, Horizontal direction; Y, Vertical direction; Z, Shifting direction; 1, Frame; 2, Clamping seat; 201, Positioning seat; 202, Positioning plate; 203, Clamping block; 204, Clamping cylinder; 3, Translation seat; 4, Drilling unit; 401, Support seat; 402, Drill bit body; 403, Connector; 4031, Universal coupling one; 4032, Connecting rod; 4033, Universal coupling two; 404, Bearing seat; 405, Locking element; 406, Adjusting frame; 406 1. Strip groove; 607. Threaded connector; 5. Longitudinal shift seat; 501. Locking groove; 6. Main drive mechanism; 601. Two-way lead screw; 602. Gear motor; 603. Transmission sleeve; 7. Transmission frame; 701. Guide groove; 8. Transmission rod; 9. Shifting mechanism; 901. Shifting cylinder; 902. Push plate; 10. Fixed shaft; 11. Rotating ring; 12. Locking block; 13. Electromagnet; 14. Metal block; 15. Torsional elastic element; S. Initial locking mechanism; G. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the invention. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings. Example 1

[0036] like Figures 1-5 ,as well as Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces, such as automotive lamp molds, which require drilling holes in workpieces G with two opposing horizontal sidewalls and a vertical top. The drilling device of this embodiment includes a frame 1, a clamping base 2, two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms, one set of vertical drilling mechanisms, a main drive mechanism 6, and a transmission mechanism.

[0037] The frame 1 is the basic support component of the entire device. It is made of high-strength cast iron or welded steel and has sufficient rigidity and stability to install all other functional components.

[0038] The clamping base 2 is fixedly or slidably mounted on the frame 1 to support and fix the workpiece G to be processed; in this embodiment, the clamping base 2 includes a positioning base 201 and a clamping mechanism, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The upper surface of the positioning seat 201 is a flat support plane for placing the workpiece G. A positioning plate 202 extends vertically upwards from one side of the positioning seat 201. The inner surface of the positioning plate 202 serves as the reference positioning surface for the workpiece G. A clamping mechanism is installed on the other side of the positioning seat 201 away from the positioning plate 202. Specifically, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping block 203 and a clamping cylinder 204. The cylinder body of the clamping cylinder 204 is fixed to the positioning seat 201. The end of the piston rod of the clamping cylinder 204 extends horizontally towards the positioning plate 202 and is connected to the clamping block 203. When the clamping cylinder 204 is vented, its piston rod extends, driving the clamping block 203 to move towards the positioning plate 202, thereby horizontally clamping the workpiece G placed on the positioning seat 201 between the clamping block 203 and the positioning plate 202. This method of positioning on one side and clamping on the other side allows for rapid clamping and high repeatability. The clamping seat 2 holds the workpiece G in the following state: Figure 9 As shown.

[0039] To machine multiple holes on the same surface of workpiece G, the clamping base 2 itself can also be designed to be movable; please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The frame 1 is also equipped with a shifting mechanism 9, which includes a shifting cylinder 901 and a push plate 902. The push plate 902 is fixed to the side of the positioning seat 201. The cylinder body of the shifting cylinder 901 is mounted on the frame 1, and the end of the piston rod of the shifting cylinder 901 is fixedly connected to the push plate 902. When the shifting cylinder 901 works, the extension and retraction of its piston rod will push the entire clamping seat 2 through the push plate 902, so that it can slide precisely in a straight line along the shifting direction Z on the frame 1. In this way, there is no need to re-clamp the workpiece G. Just move the clamping seat 2, and the holes at different positions on the workpiece G can be aligned with the drilling unit 4 in sequence to realize the continuous processing of a row of holes.

[0040] Two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping base 2 in the horizontal direction X. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 and Figure 4 Each set of horizontal drilling mechanisms includes a translation seat 3 and a set of drilling units 4. The translation seat 3 is a sliding platform, and its bottom is mounted on the frame 1 through a linear guide slider pair, so that the translation seat 3 can slide smoothly and accurately on the frame 1 in the horizontal direction X. The drilling units 4 are fixedly mounted on the translation seat 3 and move together with the translation seat 3. The vertical drilling mechanism is arranged above the clamping base 2 in the vertical direction Y. The vertical drilling mechanism includes a longitudinal sliding base 5 and a set of drilling units 4. The longitudinal sliding base 5 is also vertically mounted on a vertical support of the frame 1 through a linear guide slider pair, so that the longitudinal sliding base 5 can slide smoothly in the vertical direction Y. The corresponding drilling units 4 are fixedly mounted on the longitudinal sliding base 5. Please see Figure 8Drilling unit 4 is the actuating component of this device, and its structure is designed to be relatively flexible. Each drilling unit 4 includes a support base 401, a drilling motor, a connector 403, and a drill bit body 402. The drilling motor is fixed to the support base 401 by bolts, and the drill bit body 402 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the support base 401 by bearings. The connecting end (rear end) of the drill bit body 402 is flexibly connected to the output shaft of the drilling motor through the connector 403. The connector 403 consists of a universal coupling 4031 and a connecting rod 403. 2. A universal coupling 4031 and a universal coupling 4033 are connected in series. One end of the universal coupling 4031 is connected to the output shaft of the drilling motor, and the other end is connected to one end of the connecting rod 4032. The other end of the connecting rod 4032 is connected to one end of the universal coupling 4033, and the other end of the universal coupling 4033 is connected to the connecting end of the drill bit body 402. This double universal coupling structure allows for a small offset and angular deviation between the axis of the drilling motor and the axis of the drill bit body 402, which is very beneficial for long-distance transmission or compensating for assembly errors. In this embodiment, to achieve fine-tuning of the radial position of the drill bit body 402, the drilling unit 4 also includes a bearing seat 404 and a locking element 405; the drill bit body 402 is rotatably mounted on this bearing seat 404 via a bearing, and the bearing seat 404 is not directly fixed to the support seat 401, but can slide radially along the drill bit body 402. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The support base 401 is provided with a groove perpendicular to the drill bit axis. The bottom of the bearing seat 404 cooperates with the groove to achieve sliding. The locking element 405, such as a handle screw, passes through the threaded hole on the side of the bearing seat 404 and is pressed against the bottom of the groove, thereby locking the bearing seat 404 in any position after sliding. Through this structure, the operator can manually adjust the radial extension of the drill bit body 402 relative to the support base 401, thereby fine-tuning its drilling position.

[0041] In this embodiment, for ease of position adjustment of the support 401, please refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 3Adjustment brackets 406 are provided on both the translational seat 3 and the longitudinal seat 5. Each adjustment bracket 406 has a strip-shaped through groove 4061. The support seat 401 is fixed to the adjustment bracket 406 via a threaded connector 607 that engages with the strip-shaped through groove 4061. For example, a threaded hole can be made in the support seat 401. The threaded connector 607 uses a screw and a washer. The screw passes through the washer and the strip-shaped through groove 4061 in sequence before being threaded into the threaded hole. Tightening the screw fixes the support seat 401 to the adjustment bracket 406, at which point the position of the support seat 401 cannot be adjusted. Loosening the screw allows the support seat 401 to be adjusted. A gap is created between the support seat 401 and the adjusting bracket 406. At this time, it is not necessary to completely disassemble the screw. The position of the support seat 401 on the adjusting bracket 406 can be adjusted simply by sliding the screw in the strip groove 4061. After the support seat 401 is adjusted to the appropriate position, the screw can be tightened. For the horizontal drilling unit 4, the drilling height of the drill bit on the side wall of the workpiece G can be adjusted. For the vertical drilling unit 4, the horizontal drilling position of the drill bit on the top surface of the workpiece G can be adjusted. This greatly improves the applicability of the device, enabling it to quickly adapt to the processing of workpieces G with different specifications and hole layouts.

[0042] The main drive mechanism 6 is used to simultaneously drive the two translation seats 3 to move closer or further apart; in this embodiment, the main drive mechanism 6 employs a bidirectional lead screw 601 and a geared motor 602; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 4 The bidirectional lead screw 601 is horizontally mounted on the frame 1 via bearings and is located between two translation seats 3. The two ends of the bidirectional lead screw 601 are machined with threads of opposite directions, one end being a left-hand thread and the other end being a right-hand thread. A transmission sleeve 603 is fixed to the bottom of each translation seat 3. One transmission sleeve 603 has a left-hand nut that mates with the left-hand thread, and the other transmission sleeve 603 has a right-hand nut that mates with the right-hand thread. The output shaft of the geared motor 602 is connected to one end of the bidirectional lead screw 601 via a coupling. When the geared motor 602 starts and drives the bidirectional lead screw 601 to rotate, the two transmission sleeves 603 will move towards the center or away from each other simultaneously due to the opposite directions of the threads at both ends. This drives the two translation seats 3 and the drilling unit 4 on them to perform synchronous symmetrical movements. The geared motor 602 has a braking function or uses a servo motor to ensure that it can self-lock when stopped and maintain a stable position.

[0043] The transmission mechanism is the core connecting horizontal and vertical motion. It includes a transmission frame 7 and a transmission rod 8. The transmission frame 7 is fixedly installed on the side or back of the longitudinal sliding seat 5. An inclined, oval guide groove 701 is machined on the transmission frame 7. The inclination angle of the guide groove 701 determines the conversion ratio between horizontal and vertical displacement. One end of the transmission rod 8 is fixed to the translation seat 3, and the other end of the transmission rod 8 is fitted with a roller or directly machined into a smooth cylindrical surface, slidingly inserted into the inclined guide groove 701 of the transmission frame 7. During manufacturing, only one transmission frame 7 can be provided on one side of the longitudinal sliding seat 5, and the transmission rod 8 can be provided on the translation seat 3 on the corresponding side, thus satisfying basic power transmission requirements. In this embodiment, please refer to... Figures 2-4 Two transmission frames 7 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal sliding seat 5. The two transmission frames 7 are provided with symmetrical guide grooves 701. Transmission rods 8 are provided on both translation seats 3. The two transmission rods 8 are slidably inserted into the two guide grooves 701 respectively. This can improve the balance of force when the longitudinal sliding seat 5 is driven, and also improve the stability of the drilling process. When the main drive mechanism 6 drives the two translation seats 3 to move closer to each other (i.e., move towards the workpiece G), the transmission rods 8 on the two translation seats 3 will slide along the inclined guide grooves 701 on the corresponding transmission frame 7. Since the guide grooves 701 are inclined, the horizontal movement of the transmission rods 8 will generate a downward pressure on the groove wall, thereby forcing the entire transmission frame 7 together with the longitudinal translation seat 5 to move downward. In this way, the vertical drilling mechanism realizes the feed movement that moves towards the workpiece G synchronously with the horizontal drilling mechanism. Conversely, when the main drive mechanism 6 drives the translation seats 3 to move away from each other, the transmission rods 8 will slide downward along the inclined guide grooves 701, thereby lifting the longitudinal translation seat 5 and realizing synchronous tool retraction. This purely mechanical linkage method ensures that the drilling units 4 in the three directions always keep synchronous advance and retreat without any additional electrical control signals. Example 2

[0044] Based on Example 1, in order to improve the safety of the equipment when clamping workpiece G, the drilling device in this example also adds an initial locking mechanism S.

[0045] The initial locking mechanism S is used to securely lock the longitudinal sliding seat 5 in the initial position (i.e., the highest point) away from the workpiece G in the non-processing state, especially when the operator is loading and unloading the workpiece G on the clamping seat 2, to prevent it from falling and injuring people due to accidents (such as power failure or vibration); in addition, since the vertical drilling mechanism is connected to the two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms through a transmission mechanism, the two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms are also locked at the same time as the vertical drilling mechanism is locked.

[0046] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-7At the top of the frame 1, on both sides of the longitudinal shift seat 5, two sets of initial locking mechanisms S are symmetrically arranged. Each set of initial locking mechanisms S mainly includes a locking groove 501, a fixed shaft 10, a rotating ring 11, a locking block 12, a torsional elastic element 15, an electromagnet 13, and a metal block 14.

[0047] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 Each side of the bottom surface of the longitudinal shift seat 5 is provided with a rectangular or wedge-shaped locking groove 501 with an opening facing downwards; Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 At the corresponding position on the frame 1, a fixed shaft 10 is vertically fixed. A cylindrical rotating ring 11 is rotatably mounted on the fixed shaft 10 via a bearing or clearance fit. A locking block 12 extends outward from the side wall of the rotating ring 11, and its shape matches the locking groove 501. A torsional elastic element 15 is mounted on the fixed shaft 10, with one end locked on the fixed shaft 10 and the other end locked on the rotating ring 11, providing a continuous rotational elastic force to the rotating ring 11. The direction of this elastic force is to drive the rotating ring 11 to rotate the locking block 12 in the direction of exiting the locking groove 501. In this embodiment, the torsional elastic element 15 can be a torsional spring. Please see Figure 3 The electromagnet 13 body is fixedly mounted on the frame 1 and located on the side of the fixed axis 10. A magnetically conductive metal block 14 is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating ring 11, and its position corresponds to that of the electromagnet 13. The initial locking mechanism S operates as follows: When the longitudinal sliding seat 5 is in its initial position, and it is necessary to reset the drilling device or prepare to load or unload the workpiece G, the control system energizes the electromagnet 13. The magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 13 attracts the metal block 14, thereby overcoming the elastic force of the torsional elastic element 15 and driving the rotating ring 11 to rotate around the fixed axis 10. This causes the locking block 12 on the rotating ring 11 to swing toward the locking groove 501 and finally firmly insert into the locking groove 501 of the longitudinal sliding seat 5. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, due to the simultaneous action of the locking mechanisms on both the left and right sides, the vertical movement of the longitudinal sliding seat 5 is completely locked, preventing it from falling. When processing is required, the control system de-energizes the electromagnet 13; the magnetic force disappears, the elastic force of the torsional elastic element 15 is released, driving the rotating ring 11 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the locking block 12 to disengage from the locking groove 501, and the longitudinal sliding seat 5 is unlocked. Figure 7 As shown, at this time, the longitudinal sliding seat 5 can move along the vertical direction Y under the drive of the translational seat 3 and the transmission mechanism to perform drilling. Example 3

[0048] This embodiment discloses a method for using the drilling device in Embodiment 2, as detailed below: First, the reset and locking steps are performed: the reset program is started through the control panel, the geared motor 602 in the main drive mechanism 6 drives the bidirectional lead screw 601 to rotate, and through the linkage of the transmission mechanism, the two translation seats 3 and the longitudinal seat 5 are driven to the initial limit position furthest from the workpiece G; at this time, the control system energizes the electromagnets 13 of the two sets of initial locking mechanisms S, the electromagnets 13 attract the metal block 14, drive the locking block 12 to insert into the locking groove 501 at the bottom of the longitudinal seat 5, and firmly lock the longitudinal seat 5. Under the action of the transmission mechanism, the two translation seats 3 are also locked in the initial position.

[0049] Next, the clamping process is carried out: the operator places the workpiece G to be processed (such as a car headlight mold) on the positioning seat 201 of the clamping seat 2, so that one side of it is in close contact with the positioning plate 202; then the clamping cylinder 204 is activated to drive the clamping block 203 to move towards the workpiece G, and the workpiece G is firmly clamped between the positioning seat 201 and the positioning plate 202.

[0050] Then, proceed with the unlocking step: After confirming that the workpiece G is clamped, operate the button to de-energize the electromagnet 13. The locking block 12 is driven by the torsion spring to exit from the locking groove 501. The longitudinal sliding seat 5 and the two translational seats 3 are unlocked. At this time, the entire three-axis linkage system is in a state of free movement.

[0051] Next, the drilling process is performed: the device is started to automatically drill. The control system controls the geared motor 602 to rotate at a low speed suitable for drilling, driving the bidirectional lead screw 601 to rotate slowly. The two translation seats 3, with their respective drilling units 4, slowly approach the horizontal surfaces of the two side walls of the workpiece G. At the same time, the cooperation between the transmission rod 8 and the inclined guide groove 701 forces the longitudinal translation seat 5 to drive the vertical drilling unit 4 to slowly approach the vertical surface of the top surface of the workpiece G. When each drill bit body 402 contacts the surface of the workpiece G, each drilling motor has started and drives the drill bit to rotate at high speed to start drilling. The drill bit continues to feed until the preset drilling depth is reached. After reaching the depth, the control system controls the geared motor 602 to reverse, driving each drilling unit 4 to synchronously and slowly move away from the surface of the workpiece G to complete the retraction. During the drilling process, the drilling motor uses a servo motor in conjunction with an encoder to precisely control the drilling depth.

[0052] Next, the part removal process is carried out: after each drilling unit 4 returns to its initial limit position, the control system energizes the electromagnet 13 again, the initial locking mechanism S is activated, locking the longitudinal moving seat 5 and the two translation seats 3. Then, the clamping cylinder 204 moves in the reverse direction, driving the clamping block 203 to move backward, releasing the workpiece G. The operator can then safely remove the processed workpiece G from the clamping seat 2.

[0053] Finally, the continuous processing steps are carried out: for the next workpiece G to be processed, the above clamping steps, unlocking steps, drilling steps and part removal steps are repeated to achieve efficient batch production in an assembly line manner.

[0054] In this embodiment, the safety locking and processing actions are perfectly combined through the cycle of "reset-lock", "clamping", "unlocking", "drilling", "reset-lock", and "removal". The machine automatically enters the locking state before and after each processing, ensuring the absolute safety of the operator when loading and unloading workpiece G. The linkage during the processing ensures the highest efficiency. The logic of this method is clear and easy to program on PLC and other controllers.

[0055] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency drilling device for a workpiece, characterized in that, include: A frame (1) is provided with a clamping seat (2), which can carry the workpiece (G) and clamp or release the workpiece (G); Drilling unit (4), which is capable of drilling workpiece (G); Two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms are respectively arranged on both sides of the clamping base (2) in the horizontal direction (X). Each set of horizontal drilling mechanisms includes a translation base (3). The translation base (3) can slide on the frame (1) in the horizontal direction (X). Each translation base (3) is provided with a set of drilling units (4). A vertical drilling mechanism is provided on the vertical direction (Y) of the clamping base (2). The vertical drilling mechanism includes a longitudinal sliding base (5), which can slide on the frame (1) along the vertical direction (Y). A set of drilling units (4) is also provided on the longitudinal sliding base (5). The main drive mechanism (6) can simultaneously drive the two sets of horizontal drilling mechanisms to move closer to or further away from each other; The transmission mechanism includes a transmission frame (7) and a transmission rod (8). At least one set of the transmission frame (7) is provided on the longitudinal shift seat (5). An inclined guide groove (701) is provided on the transmission frame (7). At least one of the translation seats (3) is provided with the transmission rod (8). The transmission rod (8) is slidably installed in the guide groove (701). In this process, the translation seat (3) equipped with the transmission rod (8) can drive the longitudinal translation seat (5) to move synchronously closer to or away from the workpiece (G) through the cooperation of the transmission rod (8) and the transmission frame (7).

2. The high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling unit (4) includes a support base (401), a drill bit body (402), and a drilling motor. The drilling motor is mounted on the support base (401), and the drill bit body (402) is rotatably mounted on the support base (401). The connecting end of the drill bit body (402) is connected to the output shaft of the drilling motor through a connector (403).

3. The high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connector (403) includes a universal coupling one (4031), a connecting rod (4032), a universal coupling two (4033), a bearing seat (404), and a locking member (405). The output shaft of the drilling motor, the universal coupling one (4031), the connecting rod (4032), the universal coupling two (4033), and the drill bit body (402) are connected in sequence. The drill bit body (402) is rotatably mounted on the bearing seat (404). The bearing seat (404) is slidably mounted on the support seat (401) along the radial direction of the drill bit body (402). The locking member (405) can lock or unlock the bearing seat (404) on the support seat (401).

4. The high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the translation seat (3) and the longitudinal seat (5) are provided with adjustment frames (406). The adjustment frame (406) is provided with a strip-shaped through groove (4061). The support seat (401) is fixed to the adjustment frame (406) by a threaded connector (607) in cooperation with the strip-shaped through groove (4061). The support seat (401) can be adjusted in the vertical direction (Y) on the adjustment frame (406) of the translation seat (3), and the support seat (401) can be adjusted in the horizontal direction (X) on the adjustment frame (406) of the longitudinal seat (5).

5. The high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping base (2) includes a positioning base (201) and a clamping mechanism. The positioning base (201) can carry the workpiece (G). A positioning plate (202) is vertically arranged on one side of the positioning base (201). The clamping mechanism is arranged on the side of the positioning base (201) away from the positioning plate (202). The clamping mechanism can cooperate with the positioning plate (202) to clamp or release the workpiece (G).

6. The high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping seat (2) can slide along the displacement direction (Z) on the frame (1). The frame (1) is also provided with a displacement driving mechanism. The displacement mechanism (9) can drive the clamping seat (2) to adjust its position in the displacement direction (Z).

7. The high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main drive mechanism (6) includes a bidirectional lead screw (601) and a geared motor (602). The two ends of the bidirectional lead screw (601) are provided with threads of opposite directions. The bidirectional lead screw (601) is horizontally rotatably mounted on the frame (1). The geared motor (602) can drive the bidirectional lead screw (601) to rotate. Both of the two translation seats (3) are provided with transmission sleeves (603) that are in transmission cooperation with the bidirectional lead screw (601). When the bidirectional lead screw (601) rotates, it can drive the two translation seats (3) to move closer to each other or further away from each other through the two transmission sleeves (603).

8. The high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling device further includes an initial locking mechanism (S), which includes a locking groove (501), a fixed shaft (10), a rotating ring (11), a locking block (12), a torsional elastic element (15), an electromagnet (13), and a metal block (14). The locking groove (501) is disposed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal moving seat (5), the fixed shaft (10) is disposed on the frame (1), the rotating ring (11) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft (10), and the locking block (12) is disposed on the outer wall of the rotating ring (11). When the longitudinal moving seat (5) is in the initial position, the locking mechanism (S) is further defined as follows: The locking block (12) can rotate around the fixed axis (10) to enter or exit the locking groove (501). The torsional elastic element (15) is disposed between the fixed axis (10) and the rotating ring (11). The electromagnet (13) is disposed on the frame (1) and located on one side of the fixed axis (10). The metal block (14) is disposed on the outer wall of the rotating ring (11). When the electromagnet (13) is energized, it can attract the metal block (14) and cause the locking block (12) to be inserted into the locking groove (501). During this process, the torsional elastic element (15) deforms.

9. The high-efficiency drilling device for workpieces according to claim 8, characterized in that: The initial locking mechanism (S) is provided on both sides of the frame (1) and located on both sides of the longitudinal shift seat (5). When the longitudinal shift seat (5) is in the initial position, the two sets of initial locking mechanisms (S) can lock the longitudinal shift seat (5) at the same time.

10. A method of using a drilling device, applicable to the drilling device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Reset steps: The main drive mechanism (6) cooperates with the transmission mechanism to drive the longitudinal shift seat (5) and the two sets of translation seats (3) to move to the initial position, and energizes the electromagnet (13) to drive the locking block (12) to insert into the locking slot (501), so that the movement of the longitudinal shift seat (5) and the two sets of translation seats (3) is locked. Clamping steps: Place the workpiece (G) on the clamping seat (2), and the clamping seat (2) clamps the workpiece (G); Unlocking steps: De-energize the electromagnet (13), twist the elastic element to drive the locking block (12) out of the locking groove (501), thereby unlocking the movement of the longitudinal sliding seat (5) and the two sets of translational seats (3); Drilling process steps: The main drive mechanism (6) cooperates with the transmission mechanism to drive the longitudinal sliding seat (5) and the two sets of translational seats (3) to slowly approach the workpiece (G). During this process, the three sets of drilling units (4) slowly approach the workpiece (G) and perform drilling on the workpiece (G). After drilling is completed, the main drive mechanism (6) cooperates with the transmission mechanism to drive the longitudinal sliding seat (5) and the two sets of translational seats (3) to slowly move away from the workpiece (G). During this process, the three sets of drilling units (4) slowly move away from the workpiece (G). Removal steps: When the longitudinal shifter (5) and the two sets of translational shifters (3) return to their initial positions, the electromagnet (13) is energized to drive the locking block (12) to insert into the locking slot (501), so that the movement of the longitudinal shifter (5) and the two sets of translational shifters (3) is locked. At this time, the clamping seat (2) releases the workpiece (G) and removes the processed workpiece (G). Continuous processing steps: repeated clamping steps, unlocking steps, drilling steps, and part removal steps.

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