Method and device for assembling a head with a fixing ring seat

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for assembling a head and a fixing ring seat, wherein the preliminary positioning of the head and the fixing ring seat in the assembling method is performed in the position with the opening of the head facing upward, a platform is provided for the safe placement and positioning of the fixing ring seat, the operation field is good, the position adjustment of the fixing ring seat is convenient, the accurate positioning of the head and the fixing ring seat is facilitated, the positioning difficulty is reduced, the positioning time is shortened, and the foundation for the final high-quality welding is laid; meanwhile, the position of the second assembling part is changed through cooperation of an auxiliary supporting piece and a welding tool, the annular butt welding seam between the fixing ring seat and the head is innovatively adjusted to a stable flat welding position for welding, the welding operation position and the polishing and cleaning angle are both converted into more optimal operation positions, the front welding and the back root cleaning are facilitated, the operation accessibility is improved, and the problems of the lateral operation of the welder and the blocked vision in the original horizontal welding position are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of welding technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for assembling a head and a fixing ring seat. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) are a type of nuclear reactor technology. my country's HTGRs adopt a modular and integrated design. Their most distinctive feature is that the main helium blower (including the motor and cooler) is placed inside the steam generator, and the cooler is welded to the head of the steam generator via a fixed ring seat.

[0003] The fixing ring seat comprises a cylindrical straight section and a flange, which are connected to form an integral structure. The inner diameter of the cylindrical straight section is approximately 1000 mm, the outer diameter of the flange is approximately 1300 mm, and the overall height is approximately 300 mm. The end cap is a spherical end cap with an inner arc surface. The inner arc surface of the end cap is welded to the cylindrical straight section of the fixing ring seat, and the inner surface radius is approximately 1900 mm. The angle between the outer wall of the cylindrical straight section and the inner arc surface is approximately 75°, and the angle between the inner wall of the cylindrical straight section and the inner arc surface is approximately 105°.

[0004] During welding, firstly, the retaining ring seat is assembled into the designated position on the inner arc surface of the head, forming a 50mm deep weld bevel between the retaining ring seat and the head; then, the head is raised by the support so that its opening faces upward or downward, so that the circumferential weld between the retaining ring seat and the head is in a horizontal welding position (i.e., the weld axis is approximately horizontal); both the retaining ring seat and the head are SA-508Gr.3 Cl.1 forgings. To prevent welding cold cracks, the whole assembly is preheated and continuously maintained at a minimum temperature above 150℃.

[0005] In a high-temperature environment, welders perform multi-layer, multi-pass shielded metal arc welding on a 50mm deep bevel to fill the bevel and form the main load-bearing weld. After the main weld of the bevel is completed, a "root cleaning" operation is performed on the back of the weld (i.e., the other side of the bevel).

[0006] During the welding process, because the opening of the end cap faces upward or downward, the line of sight for welding operations in the horizontal welding position and the angle for grinding and cleaning after welding are limited, resulting in poor operational accessibility, unstable welding quality, and easy occurrence of welding defects such as poor fusion and slag inclusion.

[0007] Therefore, how to solve the problem of poor operational accessibility and unstable welding quality caused by limited operating line of sight and grinding and cleaning angle has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, this application provides a method for assembling a head and a fixing ring seat to solve the problems of poor operational accessibility and unstable welding quality caused by limited operating line of sight and grinding and cleaning angle. This application also proposes an apparatus suitable for the assembly method of a head and a fixing ring seat.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a method for assembling a head and a retaining ring, comprising: Install the end cap with its opening facing upwards; Place the retaining ring seat at the preset position on the end cap; Pre-connect the fixing ring seat and the end cap to obtain the first assembly; The first assembly is installed on the auxiliary support to obtain the second assembly. The auxiliary support is used to change the orientation of the first assembly so that the axis of the circumferential butt weld between the fixing ring seat and the end cap is horizontal. The second assembly is installed on a welding fixture, which is used to drive the second assembly to rotate so that any position of the circumferential butt weld is in a flat welding position. At the flat welding position, the fixing ring seat is welded to the end cap.

[0010] Optionally, in the above assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat, the fixing ring seat and the end cap are pre-connected to obtain a first assembly, specifically, A bevel is machined at the mating end of the cylindrical straight section of the fixed ring seat and the end cap, and the bevel is an inner single U-shaped bevel; Preheat the mating area between the end cap and the fixed ring seat to maintain the temperature of the mating area at a first preset temperature, thereby reducing welding stress; Position welding is performed on the inside of the bevel to pre-connect the fixing ring seat and the end cap; The welded end cap and the fixed ring seat are subjected to post-heat treatment to maintain the temperature of the welded area at a second preset temperature to prevent the occurrence of delayed cold cracks.

[0011] Optionally, in the above assembly method of the end cap and the retaining ring seat, the retaining ring seat is placed at a predetermined position on the end cap, specifically, Hoist the fixing ring seat into the head; Adjust the fixing ring seat until its axis coincides with the rotation axis of the end cap.

[0012] Optionally, in the above assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat, the fixing ring seat and the end cap are welded together, specifically, Weld the outer corner weld of the head; Clean the inner bevel of the fixed ring seat; Weld the inner bevel weld and inner fillet weld of the head.

[0013] Optionally, in the above assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat, the outer corner weld of the end cap is welded, specifically as follows: Preheat the mating area between the fixed ring seat and the end cap to a first preset temperature; Adjust the rotation speed of the welding fixture so that the rotation speed of the second assembly is the first preset rotation speed; The outer corner weld of the head is welded, and post-heat treatment is performed when the welding is interrupted and the temperature of the butt joint area is lower than the first preset temperature or when the welding is completed. The temperature of the post-heat treatment is the second preset temperature.

[0014] Optionally, in the above assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat, the inner bevel of the fixing ring seat is cleaned, specifically, Clean the roots from the bevel side using a grinding wheel or pneumatic milling machine.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-described assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat, the inner bevel weld and the inner fillet weld of the end cap are welded, specifically as follows: Preheat the mating area between the fixed ring seat and the end cap to a first preset temperature; Adjust the rotation speed of the welding fixture so that the rotation speed of the second assembly is the first preset rotation speed; The inner bevel weld and inner fillet weld of the head are welded. Post-heat treatment is performed when welding is interrupted and the temperature of the butt joint area is lower than the first preset temperature or when welding is completed. The post-heat treatment temperature is the second preset temperature.

[0016] Optionally, in the above assembly method of the end cap and the fixed ring seat, the auxiliary support includes an auxiliary cylinder, which is sleeved on the end cap and fixedly connected to the end cap, and the axis of the auxiliary cylinder coincides with the axis of the annular butt weld.

[0017] Optionally, in the above assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat, the auxiliary support is connected to the end cap through a tie plate and an overlap plate; The tie plate is connected to the end face of the opening of the end cap. The tie plate is an L-shaped plate, and the inner corner of the L-shaped plate is in contact with the end face and outer wall of the end cap. One end of the overlapping plate is connected to the tie plate, and the other end of the overlapping plate is connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary cylinder.

[0018] Optionally, in the above assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat, the welding fixture is a welding roller frame, and the welding roller frame includes rollers; The axis of the auxiliary cylinder is horizontal, and the auxiliary cylinder is placed horizontally on the roller so that the axis of the annular butt weld between the fixed ring seat and the end cap is horizontal. The roller is used to drive the auxiliary cylinder to rotate around its own axis.

[0019] Secondly, this application also provides an assembly device for a head and a fixing ring seat, comprising: A support member is provided, with the opening of the end cap facing upwards, and a fixing ring seat is inserted into the end cap through the opening and pre-connected to the end cap to obtain the first assembly. An auxiliary support member, connected to the first assembly, is used to change the orientation of the first assembly so that the axis of the circumferential butt weld between the fixing ring seat and the end cap is horizontal. A welding fixture, wherein the auxiliary support is mounted on the welding fixture, the welding fixture is used to drive the second assembly to rotate so that any position of the circumferential butt weld is in a flat welding position.

[0020] Optionally, in the above-mentioned assembly device of the end cap and the fixed ring seat, the auxiliary support includes an auxiliary cylinder, which is sleeved on the end cap and fixedly connected to the end cap, and the axis of the auxiliary cylinder coincides with the axis of the annular butt weld.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat, the auxiliary support is connected to the end cap through a tie plate and an overlap plate; The tie plate is connected to the end face of the opening of the end cap. The tie plate is an annular L-shaped plate that is adapted to the shape of the opening end of the end cap. The inner corner of the L-shaped plate fits against the end face and outer wall of the end cap. One end of the overlapping plate is connected to the tie plate, and the other end of the overlapping plate is connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary cylinder.

[0022] Optionally, in the above-mentioned assembly device for the end cap and the fixed ring seat, the welding fixture is a welding roller frame, which is used to drive the auxiliary cylinder to rotate around its own axis.

[0023] Optionally, the assembly device for the head and the fixing ring seat described above also includes an operating table, which is located on one side of the welding fixture and corresponds to the opening of the head; The operator uses the control panel to reach the flat welding position of the annular butt weld between the end cap and the fixing ring.

[0024] Optionally, in the above-mentioned assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat, the operating table includes a support frame and a platform, the platform is mounted on the top of the support frame, the support frame is used to support the platform, and the platform is used to support the worker.

[0025] Optionally, in the above-mentioned assembly device for the end cap and the fixed ring seat, the support frame is one of a lifting hydraulic platform, scaffolding, and ladder.

[0026] Optionally, in the above-mentioned assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat, the platform is a telescopic platform, and the telescopic direction of the platform is horizontal, so that the platform extends into or out of the end cap. Optionally, the assembly device for the head and the fixing ring seat described above also includes a heater, which is installed on the welding fixture and located on the side of the head facing away from the opening; The heater is used to heat the mating area between the end cap and the fixed ring seat.

[0027] This application provides a method for assembling a head and a fixing ring seat. The initial positioning of the head and fixing ring seat is carried out with the head opening facing upwards, providing a platform for the safe insertion and positioning of the fixing ring seat. This method offers a good field of vision and facilitates easy adjustment of the fixing ring seat's position, aiding in precise positioning of the head and fixing ring seat, reducing positioning difficulty, shortening positioning time, and laying the foundation for high-quality final welding. Simultaneously, by cooperating with auxiliary support components and welding fixtures, the orientation of the second assembly component is changed, innovatively adjusting the annular butt weld between the fixing ring seat and the head to a stable flat welding position. The welding operation position and grinding / cleaning angle are transformed into a more optimal operating position, facilitating front welding and back root cleaning, improving operational accessibility, and solving the problems of lateral operation and obstructed vision for welders in the original horizontal welding position. Furthermore, flat welding is the simplest welding position, with the easiest molten pool control, the most comfortable operation for welders, and the best field of vision, fundamentally ensuring the weld formation quality, mechanical properties, and internal quality, while significantly improving welding efficiency.

[0028] This application also provides an apparatus applicable to the above-mentioned assembly method of the end cap and the fixed ring seat. Since the assembly method of the end cap and the fixed ring seat has the above-mentioned technical effects, the apparatus applicable to the method also has the same technical effects, and will not be described in detail here. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-installation structure of the fixing ring seat and the end cap disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bevel structure of the fixed ring seat disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer corner weld and root cleaning line disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] In the figure: end cap 31, fixing ring seat 32, tie plate 33, lap plate 34, auxiliary support 35, welding fixture 36, heater 37, platform 38, outer corner weld 41, root cleaning line 42. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the application are shown in the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0034] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "a," and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may include the plural. Generally, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of expressly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements. An element defined by the phrase "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, product, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0035] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0036] In related technologies, when welding the fixing ring seat and the end cap, the inner side of the bevel is generally welded first, and then the root is cleaned on the back of the bevel. After the end cap and the fixing ring seat are connected, the angle between the outer wall of the cylindrical straight section and the inner arc surface is approximately 75°, and the angle between the inner wall of the cylindrical straight section and the inner arc surface is approximately 105°. The space for root cleaning on the outer side is affected by the angle and the flange of the fixing ring seat, and the root cleaning operation is prone to damaging the arc surface of the end cap and the outer wall of the cylindrical straight section of the fixing ring seat. If the root is cleaned by manual tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) with single-sided welding and double-sided forming without root cleaning, on the one hand, single-sided welding with double-sided forming is difficult, and on the other hand, welding under heating conditions, because TIG welding is closer to the heated product surface than shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), increases the difficulty of operation.

[0037] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application disclose a method for connecting the end cap 31 of a steam generator to the fixing ring seat 32 of a cooler, comprising the following steps.

[0038] S1. Install the end cap 31, ensuring the opening of the end cap 31 faces upwards, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown. Optionally, the lowest position of the end cap 31 is approximately 500 mm from the ground.

[0039] Ensure that the end cap 31 is placed securely without any risk of shaking. The opening of the end cap 31 faces upward, and the axis of the end cap 31 is in the direction of a plumb line, which facilitates the subsequent placement of the fixing ring seat 32 inside the end cap 31 and the adjustment of the relative position of the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31.

[0040] S2. Place the fixing ring seat 32 in the preset position of the end cap 31.

[0041] The fixing ring seat 32 is inserted into the end cap 31 through the opening of the end cap 31. Optionally, the position of the fixing ring seat 32 can be adjusted so that the axis of the fixing ring seat 32 coincides with the rotation axis of the end cap 31. This position is the preset position.

[0042] S3. Pre-connect the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 to obtain the first assembly.

[0043] After determining the relative positions of the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31, the fixing ring seat 32 is temporarily fixed to facilitate the subsequent connection or formal welding between the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31.

[0044] S4. Install the first assembly on the auxiliary support 35 to obtain the second assembly. The auxiliary support 35 is used to change the orientation of the first assembly so that the axis of the annular butt weld between the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 is horizontal and the annular butt weld is in the vertical plane.

[0045] The auxiliary support 35 provides a rigid support for the first assembly and is mounted on the welding fixture 36.

[0046] S5. Install the second assembly on the welding fixture 36. The welding fixture 36 is used to drive the second assembly to rotate so that any position of the circumferential butt weld is in the flat welding position.

[0047] This facilitates subsequent flat welding.

[0048] S6. At the flat welding position, weld the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31.

[0049] The fixed ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 are welded together, and the assembly of the fixed ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 is completed.

[0050] The assembly method of the end cap 31 and the fixed ring seat 32 is not limited to the above-mentioned order of steps. The order of steps can be adjusted according to the connection requirements, and all of them are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] The assembly method for the end cap and fixing ring seat disclosed in this solution involves initially positioning the end cap 31 and fixing ring seat 32 with the opening of the end cap 31 facing upwards. This provides a platform 38 for the safe insertion and positioning of the fixing ring seat 32, offering a good operating field of vision and facilitating the adjustment of the position of the fixing ring seat 32. This contributes to the precise positioning of the end cap 31 and fixing ring seat 32, reduces positioning difficulty, shortens positioning time, and lays the foundation for high-quality final welding. Simultaneously, by cooperating with the auxiliary support 35 and welding fixture 36, the orientation of the second assembly component is changed, innovatively... The annular butt weld between the fixed ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 is adjusted to a stable flat welding position for welding. The welding operation position and grinding and cleaning angle are transformed into a more optimal operating position, which facilitates front welding and back root cleaning, improves operational accessibility, and solves the problems of welders operating laterally and having obstructed vision in the original horizontal welding position. At the same time, flat welding is the simplest operation position, the easiest to control the molten pool, the most comfortable operation for welders, and the best line of sight among all welding positions. This fundamentally ensures the weld formation quality, mechanical properties, and internal quality, while significantly improving welding efficiency.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, S3 connects the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 to obtain the first assembly as follows.

[0053] S31. A bevel is machined at the mating end between the cylindrical straight section of the fixed ring seat 32 and the end cap 31, such as... Figure 3 As shown. Optionally, S31 can be located between S1 and S2.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the bevel is located at the mating end of the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31, and the bevel is located on the inner wall of the cylindrical straight section. The outer wall of the cylindrical straight section of the fixing ring seat 32 forms an acute angle with the arc surface of the end cap 31, and the flange of the fixing ring seat 32 is turned outward, resulting in a small operating space on the outer side. In this solution, the fixing ring seat 32 is designed with an inner bevel, which effectively alleviates the problem of limited operating space for the bevel.

[0055] During welding, the welding operation is carried out outside the fixed ring seat 32, which provides the welder with a better field of vision and operating space, making it easier to move the electrode and observe the molten pool, thus making it easier to ensure root penetration and weld quality. It is especially suitable for operation in the narrow space inside the fixed ring seat 32 of this solution.

[0056] Optionally, the angle between the bevel face of the bevel and the inner arc face of the end cap 31 is 30°±5°. The bevel angle is large enough to ensure that the welding torch (electrode) can smoothly extend into the bottom of the bevel for welding, ensuring good sidewall fusion; the angle is not too large, which effectively controls the amount of weld metal that needs to be filled, improves welding efficiency and reduces heat input and deformation.

[0057] The bevel is an inner single U-shaped bevel. The root of the single U-shaped bevel is arc-shaped, and the radius of the arc and the bevel angle are selected by those skilled in the art according to their needs to ensure weld accessibility and penetration.

[0058] Optionally, after the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 are butted together, the root gap of the groove is 2mm-4mm, which provides space for the end of the welding rod or welding wire, the arc and the molten pool metal, ensuring that the base material on both sides of the root of the groove can be deeply penetrated and completely fused to form a dense and continuous root weld bead, avoiding defects of incomplete penetration, and accommodating welding deformation to prevent cracks caused by excessive restraint.

[0059] This design uses SA-508 Gr.3 Cl.1 low-alloy high-strength steel forgings with a 50mm deep, thick-walled U-shaped bevel, and the root gap is controlled between 2mm and 4mm. If the root gap is too small (e.g., <2mm), the arc and molten pool cannot penetrate deep into the root, easily leading to incomplete root penetration defects. If the gap is too large (e.g., >4mm), it will increase the amount of filler material, raising costs and the risk of deformation. In addition, the root weld bead is prone to sagging or burn-through, increasing welding difficulty and making porosity more likely.

[0060] After the tack welding is completed, a gap gauge should be used to check multiple points of the circumferential butt weld to ensure that the gap is within the tolerance range before proceeding with the subsequent formal welding.

[0061] S32, preheat the mating area between the end cap 31 and the fixed ring seat 32 to maintain the temperature of the mating area at the first preset temperature, thereby reducing welding stress.

[0062] Before tack welding, the mating area needs to be preheated uniformly. The preheating range should at least cover the bevel. Preheating should be slow and uniform, rising to the first preset temperature, optionally within the range of 150℃ to 200℃. After reaching the first preset temperature, it needs to be held at this temperature for a period of time to ensure uniform temperature throughout the mating area.

[0063] The purpose of preheating is to slow down the cooling rate of the butt joint area during welding, preventing the formation of hard and brittle structures in the heat-affected zone; to reduce the temperature gradient in the butt joint area, thereby reducing welding thermal stress; and to promote the diffusion and escape of hydrogen, preventing cold cracks in the root weld. During tack welding, the end cap opening faces upward, and the annular butt weld between the end cap 31 and the fixing ring seat 32 is located in the transverse welding position.

[0064] S33. Perform tack welding on the inside of the bevel to connect the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31.

[0065] Tack welding refers to spot welding, which is used to fix the position between the weldment of the end cap 31 and the fixing ring seat 32. It mainly adopts intermittent welding, welding a section at intervals, and is a process before formal welding.

[0066] The welder performs welding on the inside of the bevel. The inside bevel side is the optimal operating position. Taking advantage of the good accessibility of the inside bevel side, the initial connection between the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 is completed. The locating weld should have sufficient penetration and strength to obtain a reliable first assembly. This ensures the quality and accuracy of the initial connection and lays the foundation for the subsequent orientation adjustment of the first assembly and the flat welding of the butt joint area.

[0067] Optionally, the tack weld should use the same welding material (e.g., welding rod) as the flat weld. Specifically, the tack weld is performed in segments along the circumference, with each segment being 200mm-300mm long and the interval between adjacent segments being 100mm-200mm.

[0068] S34. Perform post-heat treatment on the mating area between the welded end cap 31 and the fixed ring seat 32 to maintain the temperature of the mating area at the second preset temperature to prevent the generation of delayed cold cracks.

[0069] After the entire circumferential butt weld is tack welded, the butt area is subjected to post-heat treatment.

[0070] The purpose of post-heat treatment is to further promote the escape of diffusible hydrogen in the welded joint and reduce residual stress, thus preventing delayed cold cracking. It should be noted here that the welded joint is the joint between the end cap 31 and the retaining ring seat 32 by welding, including the weld, fusion zone, and heat-affected zone.

[0071] The temperature of the docking area is raised to the second preset temperature, which is in the range of 250℃ to 300℃, and maintained at this temperature for at least 2 hours, which can be selected as 4 h to 4.5 h.

[0072] The duration of the second preset temperature can be appropriately increased depending on the weld thickness. After post-heating, cool to room temperature.

[0073] The above steps can be adjusted in order of execution according to requirements, and all such adjustments are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0074] In some embodiments of this application, the auxiliary support 35 includes an auxiliary cylinder, which is sleeved on the end cap 31 and fixedly connected to the end cap 31; the welding fixture 36 is a welding roller frame, which is used to drive the auxiliary cylinder to rotate around its own axis.

[0075] The auxiliary cylinder is cylindrical. After the second assembly is installed on the welding fixture 36, the axis of the circumferential butt weld is horizontal.

[0076] Start the roller frame and run it at low speed to check if the components rotate smoothly without any jumping. Once confirmed to be in good condition, the subsequent formal welding work can be carried out at this station.

[0077] Start the welding roller frame, causing the rollers to rotate slowly. Friction drives the second assembly to rotate around its own axis. During rotation, the operator observes the position of the circumferential butt weld. The position of the lowest point of the circumference of the circumferential butt weld is the flat welding position, with the weld surface facing upwards.

[0078] By rotating, any position of the circumferential butt weld can be sequentially moved to the flat welding position.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, S2, placing the fixing ring seat 32 at a preset position on the end cap 31, specifically includes the following steps.

[0080] S21. Hoist the fixing ring seat 32 into the end cap 31.

[0081] The fixed ring seat 32 is inserted into the open space provided by the opening of the end cap 31. The insertion process is achieved by hoisting.

[0082] Optionally, a workshop crane, in conjunction with specialized lifting equipment (such as flexible slings or adjustable balance beams), is used to horizontally lift the fixing ring seat 32, with the axis of the fixing ring seat 32 aligned with the plumb line. The crane is then moved smoothly to vertically and slowly lower the fixing ring seat 32 through the opening into the interior of the end cap 31. During the lowering process, collisions with the inner wall of the end cap 31 must be avoided.

[0083] S22. Adjust the fixed ring seat 32 until the axis of the fixed ring seat 32 coincides with the rotation axis of the end cap 31.

[0084] After the fixing ring seat 32 is initially positioned, its axis may not coincide with the rotation axis of the end cap 31, requiring fine adjustment. The preset position is that the axis of the fixing ring seat 32 coincides with the rotation axis of the end cap 31, and the bevel gap is uniform.

[0085] With the end cap 31 facing upwards, its inner cavity serves as a centering platform, allowing operators to clearly observe and easily operate from above. Optionally, conventional measuring tools can be used to measure the centering accuracy. This provides a precise assembly foundation for subsequent high-quality tack welding and main weld welding on the inner bevel side.

[0086] S6. Weld the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31, specifically including the following steps.

[0087] S61, outer corner weld 41 of welded head 31; S62. Clean the inner bevel of the fixed ring seat 32; S63, the inner bevel weld and inner fillet weld of the welding head 31.

[0088] During the welding process, the outer corner weld 41 is welded first, then the root is cleaned, and finally the inner bevel weld and inner corner weld are welded.

[0089] This solution uses shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). First, weld the outer corner weld 41, and then perform root cleaning inside the bevel. This reduces the difficulty of operation and makes it easier to ensure the quality of root cleaning and weld.

[0090] S61, the outer corner weld 41 of the welding head 31 specifically includes the following steps.

[0091] S611, Preheat the temperature of the mating area between the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 to the first preset temperature.

[0092] Uniform preheating is performed on the butt joint area, including the circumferential butt weld. Optionally, the first preset temperature range is 150℃ to 200℃. After reaching the first preset temperature, it needs to be held at this temperature for a period of time to ensure uniform temperature throughout the butt joint area. Real-time temperature monitoring is performed using multiple thermocouples attached to the end cap 31 and the fixing ring seat 32 to ensure that the temperature of the entire area reaches and stabilizes at the first preset temperature. The first preset temperature needs to be maintained for at least 30 minutes to ensure heat penetration of the cross-section, thereby removing moisture, reducing the cooling rate of subsequent welding, and preventing cold cracking.

[0093] Optionally, the preheating device is at least one of a flexible ceramic electric heating belt and an annular flame heater 37.

[0094] S612. Adjust the rotation speed of the welding fixture 36 so that the rotation speed of the second assembly is the first preset rotation speed.

[0095] Start the welding fixture 36 and adjust the speed to keep the linear speed of the weld position within the range of 60mm / min-260mm / min, taking into account both heat input control and welder operability, to achieve optimal heat input control.

[0096] S613. The outer corner weld 41 of the welding head 31 shall be subjected to post-heat treatment when the welding is interrupted and the temperature of the butt joint area is lower than the first preset temperature or when the welding is completed. The post-heat treatment temperature shall be the second preset temperature.

[0097] After confirming that the preheating temperature meets the requirements, the welder uses low-hydrogen welding rods to begin multiple passes of the outer fillet weld 41 at the flat welding position. During the welding process, an infrared thermometer is used to continuously monitor the interpass temperature to ensure that it never falls below the minimum preheating temperature.

[0098] If welding is stopped midway and the temperature of the butt joint area is expected to drop below 150°C, post-heat treatment must be initiated immediately. Once all outer fillet welds 41 are completed, regardless of whether there was an interruption, post-heat treatment for hydrogen removal must be performed immediately.

[0099] Specifically, the weld joint is heated to a second preset temperature, optionally ranging from 250°C to 300°C, and held at this temperature for 4-4.5 hours, followed by slow cooling to room temperature. The purpose is to eliminate welding hydrogen and relax stress.

[0100] After heating and cooling the outer weld seam, clean the inner root to ensure full penetration.

[0101] S62. Clean the inner bevel of the fixed ring seat 32, specifically by cleaning the bevel side using a grinding wheel or pneumatic milling machine. For example... Figure 4 As shown in the figure, 42 is the root clearing line.

[0102] Drive the welding fixture 36 to rotate the entire second assembly so that the root of the inner bevel is fully exposed in the optimal upward operating position.

[0103] Operators can use a grinding wheel or pneumatic milling machine to remove poorly formed fixed welds and defects such as poor root fusion. The root cleaning depth should ensure complete removal of defects, typically 2mm-3mm deeper than the original bevel root, forming a new, regular U-shaped groove.

[0104] Use compressed air and a wire brush to thoroughly remove all grinding debris. Then, perform a liquid penetration test on the cleaned groove to confirm that there are no surface opening defects before proceeding to the next welding step.

[0105] S63, the inner bevel weld and inner fillet weld of the welding head 31, specifically includes the following steps.

[0106] S631, preheat the temperature of the mating area between the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 to the first preset temperature.

[0107] Since the second assembly has completely cooled down after cleaning, it needs to be preheated again to uniformly raise the temperature of the docking area to the first preset temperature and maintain the first preset temperature.

[0108] S632. Adjust the rotation speed of the welding fixture 36 so that the rotation speed of the second assembly is the first preset rotation speed.

[0109] Start the welding fixture 36 and adjust the speed to keep the linear speed of the weld position within the range of 60mm / min-260mm / min, taking into account both heat input control and welder operability, to achieve optimal heat input control.

[0110] The welder employs a multi-layer, multi-pass welding process, filling the entire inner bevel from bottom to top. After each weld is completed, the slag must be thoroughly removed, and the weld can only proceed to the next pass after visual inspection confirms its quality. Interpass temperature must be strictly controlled.

[0111] S633, the inner bevel weld and inner fillet weld of the welding head 31 shall be subjected to post-heat treatment when the welding is interrupted and the temperature of the butt joint area is lower than the first preset temperature or when the welding is completed, and the post-heat treatment temperature is the second preset temperature.

[0112] After the bevel weld is filled to be flush with the inner wall of the head 31, the inner fillet weld is then welded to complete the final outline of the butt joint area.

[0113] After the entire inner welding is completed, the same post-heating process as S61 must be performed immediately. The main weld seam is subjected to hydrogen removal treatment to prevent delayed cracking. After post-heating, the welded joint is slowly cooled to room temperature.

[0114] Optionally, the welding method is manual arc welding.

[0115] The above steps can be adjusted in order of execution according to requirements, and all such adjustments are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0116] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, the auxiliary support 35 includes an auxiliary cylinder, which is sleeved on the end cap 31 and fixedly connected to the end cap 31, and the axis of the auxiliary cylinder coincides with the axis of the circumferential butt weld.

[0117] Please see Figure 1In some embodiments of this application, the auxiliary support 35 is connected to the end cap 31 via a tie plate 33 and an overlapping plate 34. Specifically, the tie plate 33 is connected to the end face of the opening of the end cap 31. The tie plate 33 is an L-shaped plate, and the inner corner of the L-shaped plate (the inner side of the L-shaped plate is the side facing the end cap) is in contact with the end face and outer wall of the end cap 31. One end of the overlapping plate 34 is connected to the tie plate 33, and the other end of the overlapping plate 34 is connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary cylinder. The overlapping plate 34 is arranged along the radial direction of the end cap 31.

[0118] The tie plate 33 and the lap plate 34 provide radial support and rigid connection between the auxiliary cylinder and the end cap 31. The power of the auxiliary cylinder is transmitted to the end cap 31 through the tie plate 33 and the lap plate 34.

[0119] The lap plate 34 can be a strip plate, which is arranged along the radial direction of the end cap 31. Along the circumference of the end cap 31, the number of tie plates 33 is the same as the number of lap plates 34.

[0120] The lap plate 34 can be an annular plate, with the inner ring of the annular plate connected to the tie plate 33 and the outer ring of the annular plate connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary cylinder.

[0121] In some embodiments of this application, the welding fixture 36 is a welding roller frame.

[0122] The welding roller frame includes rollers, the axis of the auxiliary cylinder is horizontal, and the auxiliary cylinder is placed horizontally on the rollers so that the axis of the annular butt weld between the fixed ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 is horizontal. The rollers are used to drive the auxiliary cylinder to rotate around its own axis.

[0123] The second assembly is hoisted onto the welding roller frame. The auxiliary cylinder is placed horizontally on the rollers of the roller frame, with its axis horizontal. By adjusting the height or spacing of the roller frame, the axis of the auxiliary cylinder is made parallel to the ground, ensuring its center of gravity is stable. Since the auxiliary cylinder is coaxial with the end cap 31, the axis of the annular butt weld between the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 is also horizontal, ensuring that flat welding can be achieved, significantly reducing welding difficulty and improving weld quality. The welding roller frame typically consists of two sets of driving rollers and driven rollers. The roller surfaces can be covered with materials such as rubber to increase friction.

[0124] This solution combines an auxiliary cylinder and a welding roller frame to transform the 31 circumferential seam of a large, immobile head into a rotatable horizontal welding position, forming an efficient and easily automated on-site welding mechanism.

[0125] Secondly, this application also provides an assembly device for a head and a fixing ring seat, including a support member, an auxiliary support member 35, and a welding fixture 36.

[0126] The end cap 31 is mounted on the support with its opening facing upwards. The fixing ring seat 32 is inserted into the end cap 31 through the opening and pre-connected to the end cap 31 to obtain the first assembly.

[0127] The auxiliary support 35 is connected to the first assembly. The auxiliary support 35 is fixedly connected to the end cap 31 of the first assembly, so that the auxiliary support 35 and the first assembly form a second assembly that can rotate synchronously.

[0128] The auxiliary support 35 changes the orientation of the first assembly so that the axis of the circumferential butt weld between the fixed ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 is horizontal.

[0129] The auxiliary support 35 is mounted on the welding fixture 36, which is used to drive the second assembly to rotate so that any position of the circumferential butt weld is in the flat welding position.

[0130] Before assembly, the end cap 31 is erected with its opening facing upwards. With the opening of the end cap 31 facing upwards and its axis aligned with the plumb line, it is convenient to place the fixing ring seat 32 inside the end cap 31 and to adjust the relative position of the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31.

[0131] Optionally, a workshop crane, in conjunction with specialized lifting equipment (such as flexible slings or adjustable balance beams), is used to horizontally lift the fixing ring seat 32, with the axis of the fixing ring seat 32 aligned with the plumb line. The crane is then moved smoothly to vertically and slowly lower the fixing ring seat 32 through the opening into the interior of the end cap 31. During the lowering process, collisions with the inner wall of the end cap 31 must be avoided.

[0132] Adjust the position of the fixing ring seat 32 so that the axis of the fixing ring seat 32 coincides with the rotation axis of the end cap 31, and pre-install the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 to obtain the first assembly.

[0133] The auxiliary support 35 provides a rigid support for the first assembly.

[0134] The welding fixture 36 determines the placement direction of the auxiliary support 35, thereby changing the axial direction of the annular butt weld between the fixed ring seat 32 and the end cap 31; at the same time, the welding fixture 36 also provides power for the movement of the auxiliary support 35.

[0135] This solution innovatively adjusts the annular butt weld between the fixed ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 to a stable flat welding position by combining the auxiliary support 35 with the welding fixture 36. The welding operation position and grinding and cleaning angle are transformed into a more optimized operation position, which facilitates front welding and back root cleaning, improves operational accessibility, and solves the problem of welders operating laterally and having obstructed vision in the horizontal welding position in related technologies. At the same time, flat welding is the simplest operation, the easiest to control the molten pool, the most comfortable operation for welders, and the best line of sight among all welding positions. It fundamentally ensures the weld formation quality, mechanical properties, and internal quality, while significantly improving welding efficiency.

[0136] The assembly device for the head and fixing ring seat disclosed in this solution greatly reduces the welding difficulty, improves the automation level, safety and weld quality consistency of the operation, and is particularly suitable for the manufacturing of large pressure vessels, wind turbine towers and chemical equipment.

[0137] In some embodiments of this application, the auxiliary support 35 includes an auxiliary cylinder, which is sleeved on the end cap 31 and fixedly connected to the end cap 31. The axis of the auxiliary cylinder coincides with the axis of the circumferential butt weld. The welding fixture 36 is a welding roller frame, which is used to drive the auxiliary cylinder to rotate around its own axis.

[0138] The auxiliary cylinder is cylindrical. After the second assembly is installed on welding fixture 36, the axis of the circumferential butt weld is horizontal.

[0139] Start the roller frame and run it at low speed to check if the components rotate smoothly without any jumping. Once confirmed to be in good condition, the subsequent formal welding work can be carried out at this station.

[0140] Start the welding roller frame, causing the rollers to rotate slowly. Friction drives the second assembly to rotate around its own axis. During rotation, the operator observes the position of the circumferential butt weld. The position of the lowest point of the circumference of the circumferential butt weld is the flat welding position, with the weld surface facing upwards.

[0141] By rotating, any position of the circumferential butt weld can be sequentially moved to the flat welding position.

[0142] The auxiliary support 35 is connected to the end cap 31 via a tie plate 33 and an overlap plate 34. Specifically, the tie plate 33 is connected to the end face of the opening of the end cap 31. The tie plate 33 is an L-shaped plate, and the inner corner of the L-shaped plate (the inner side of the L-shaped plate is the side facing the end cap) fits against the end face and outer wall of the end cap 31. One end of the overlap plate 34 is connected to the tie plate 33, and the other end of the overlap plate 34 is connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary cylinder. The overlap plate 34 is arranged along the radial direction of the end cap 31.

[0143] The tie plate 33 and the lap plate 34 provide radial support and rigid connection between the auxiliary cylinder and the end cap 31. The power of the auxiliary cylinder is transmitted to the end cap 31 through the tie plate 33 and the lap plate 34.

[0144] The lap plate 34 can be a strip plate, which is arranged along the radial direction of the end cap 31. Along the circumference of the end cap 31, the number of tie plates 33 is the same as the number of lap plates 34.

[0145] The lap plate 34 can be an annular plate, with the inner ring of the annular plate connected to the tie plate 33 and the outer ring of the annular plate connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary cylinder.

[0146] In some embodiments of this application, the welding fixture 36 is a welding roller frame.

[0147] The welding roller frame includes rollers, the axis of the auxiliary cylinder is horizontal, and the auxiliary cylinder is placed horizontally on the rollers so that the axis of the annular butt weld between the fixed ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 is horizontal. The rollers are used to drive the auxiliary cylinder to rotate around its own axis.

[0148] The second assembly is hoisted onto the welding roller frame. The auxiliary cylinder is placed horizontally on the rollers of the roller frame, with its axis horizontal. By adjusting the height or spacing of the roller frame, the axis of the auxiliary cylinder is made parallel to the ground, ensuring its center of gravity is stable. Since the auxiliary cylinder is coaxial with the end cap 31, the axis of the annular butt weld between the fixing ring seat 32 and the end cap 31 is also horizontal, ensuring that flat welding can be achieved, significantly reducing welding difficulty and improving weld quality. The welding roller frame typically consists of two sets of driving rollers and driven rollers. The roller surfaces can be covered with materials such as rubber to increase friction.

[0149] This solution combines an auxiliary cylinder and a welding roller frame to transform the 31 circumferential seam of a large, immobile head into a rotatable horizontal welding position, forming an efficient and easily automated on-site welding mechanism.

[0150] The assembly device for the head and the fixed ring seat disclosed in this solution also includes an operating platform. Due to the large size of the head 31, the flat welding position of the annular butt weld is usually high off the ground, and the operating platform allows workers to reach the vicinity of the flat welding position.

[0151] The operating platform is located on one side of the welding fixture 36 and corresponds to the opening of the end cap 31. Workers can safely and conveniently reach the work position by climbing or lifting the operating platform.

[0152] The control panel includes a support frame and a platform 38. The platform 38 is mounted on the top of the support frame. The support frame is used to support the platform 38 and provide stable support for the platform 38. The platform 38 is used for workers to stand and work.

[0153] The support frame is a lifting hydraulic platform, scaffolding, or ladder.

[0154] The lifting hydraulic platform can adjust its height according to the specifications of the end cap 31, making it more flexible to use; at the same time, it improves the safety of workers to a certain extent.

[0155] Platform 38 is a retractable platform, and the retraction direction of the retractable platform is horizontal, so that platform 38 can extend into or out of end cap 31.

[0156] Taking the support frame as an example of a lifting hydraulic platform, when using it, the operating table is placed according to the position of the welding fixture 36 and the second assembly; the support frame is adjusted to the working height, and the telescopic platform extends into the end cap 31 close to the bevel.

[0157] After use, first retract the retractable platform, then lower the height of the support frame.

[0158] The support frame can also be height adjusted during operation according to the position requirements.

[0159] When it is necessary to perform operations inside the head 31 (such as root cleaning, seam welding, or inspection), the platform 38 extends, allowing part of it to penetrate into the head 31; after the operation is completed, the platform 38 retracts, facilitating the hoisting and movement of the equipment and increasing the flexibility and space adaptability of the device.

[0160] During welding, the first assembly, consisting of the end cap 31 and the fixing ring seat 32, is placed inside the auxiliary support 35. The auxiliary cylinder is rotated by the welding roller frame, and the welder performs welding on the operating platform 38. This solves the problem of obstructed vision and operation when the end cap 31 is placed with its opening facing upwards or downwards, and also enables flat welding, reducing the difficulty of operation.

[0161] The assembly device for the head and fixed ring seat disclosed in this scheme also includes a heater 37.

[0162] The heater 37 is installed on the welding fixture 36 and is located on the side of the end cap 31 facing away from the opening; the heater 37 is used to heat the mating area between the end cap 31 and the fixing ring seat 32.

[0163] Before welding, heater 37 preheats the weld area to reduce the welding cooling rate and prevent cold cracking. During or after welding, it can be used for preheating or post-heating to eliminate hydrogen or relieve stress.

[0164] The heater 37 can be an electric heating element, a ceramic heating pad, or a flame heating system, and the heating temperature can be precisely controlled by a temperature control system.

[0165] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0166] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for assembling a head and a fixing ring seat, characterized in that, include: Install the end cap (31) with the opening of the end cap (31) facing upward; Place the fixing ring seat (32) at the preset position on the end cap (31); The fixing ring seat (32) and the end cap (31) are pre-connected to obtain the first assembly; The first assembly is installed on the auxiliary support (35) to obtain the second assembly. The auxiliary support (35) is used to change the orientation of the first assembly so that the axis of the circumferential butt weld between the fixed ring seat (32) and the end cap (31) is horizontal. The second assembly is installed on a welding fixture (36), which is used to drive the second assembly to rotate so that any position of the circumferential butt weld is in a flat welding position. At the flat welding position, the fixing ring seat (32) and the end cap (31) are welded together.

2. The assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 1, characterized in that, Pre-connecting the fixing ring seat (32) and the end cap (31) to obtain the first assembly, specifically, A bevel is machined at the mating end of the cylindrical straight section of the fixed ring seat (32) and the end cap (31), and the bevel is an inner single U-shaped bevel; Preheat the mating area between the end cap (31) and the fixed ring seat (32) to maintain the temperature of the mating area at a first preset temperature to reduce welding stress; Position welding is performed on the inside of the bevel to pre-connect the fixing ring seat (32) and the end cap (31). The welded end cap (31) and the fixed ring seat (32) are subjected to post-heat treatment to maintain the temperature of the welded area at a second preset temperature to prevent the generation of delayed cold cracks.

3. The assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing ring seat (32) is placed at a predetermined position on the end cap (31), specifically, Hoist the fixing ring seat (32) into the head (31); Adjust the fixed ring seat (32) until the axis of the fixed ring seat (32) coincides with the rotation axis of the end cap (31).

4. The assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing ring seat (32) and the end cap (31) are welded together, specifically, Weld the outer corner weld (41) of the head (31); Clean the inner bevel of the fixed ring seat (32); Weld the inner bevel weld and inner fillet weld of the head (31).

5. The assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer corner weld (41) of the head (31) is welded, specifically, Preheat the mating area between the fixed ring seat (32) and the end cap (31) to a first preset temperature; Adjust the rotation speed of the welding fixture (36) so that the rotation speed of the second assembly is the first preset rotation speed; The outer corner weld (41) of the end cap (31) is welded. When the welding is interrupted and the temperature of the butt joint area is lower than the first preset temperature, or when the welding is completed, post-heat treatment is performed. The post-heat treatment temperature is the second preset temperature.

6. The assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner bevel of the fixed ring seat (32) is cleaned, specifically, Clean the roots from the bevel side using a grinding wheel or pneumatic milling machine.

7. The assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner bevel weld and inner fillet weld of the head (31) are welded, specifically, Preheat the mating area between the fixed ring seat (32) and the end cap (31) to a first preset temperature; Adjust the rotation speed of the welding fixture (36) so that the rotation speed of the second assembly is the first preset rotation speed; The inner bevel weld and inner fillet weld of the head (31) are welded. When the welding is interrupted and the temperature of the butt joint area is lower than the first preset temperature, or when the welding is completed, post-heat treatment is performed. The temperature of the post-heat treatment is the second preset temperature.

8. The assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary support (35) includes an auxiliary cylinder, which is sleeved outside the end cap (31) and fixedly connected to the end cap (31). The axis of the auxiliary cylinder coincides with the axis of the circumferential butt weld.

9. The assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 8, characterized in that, The auxiliary support (35) is connected to the end cap (31) through a tie plate (33) and an overlap plate (34); The tie plate (33) is connected to the end face of the opening of the end cap (31). The tie plate (33) is an L-shaped plate. The inner corner of the L-shaped plate is in contact with the end face and outer wall of the end cap (31). One end of the lap plate (34) is connected to the tie plate (33), and the other end of the lap plate (34) is connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary cylinder.

10. The assembly method of the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 8, characterized in that, The welding fixture (36) is a welding roller frame, which includes rollers; The axis of the auxiliary cylinder is horizontal, and the auxiliary cylinder is placed horizontally on the roller so that the axis of the annular butt weld between the fixed ring seat (32) and the end cap (31) is horizontal. The roller is used to drive the auxiliary cylinder to rotate around its own axis.

11. An assembly device for a head and a fixing ring seat, characterized in that, include: The support member, with the opening of the end cap (31) facing upward, is mounted on the support member. The fixing ring seat (32) is inserted into the end cap (31) through the opening and pre-connected to the end cap (31) to obtain the first assembly; An auxiliary support (35) is connected to the first assembly and is used to change the orientation of the first assembly so that the axis of the circumferential butt weld between the fixed ring seat (32) and the end cap (31) is horizontal. Welding fixture (36), wherein the auxiliary support (35) is mounted on the welding fixture (36), the welding fixture (36) is used to drive the second assembly to rotate so that any position of the annular butt weld is in the flat welding position.

12. The assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 11, characterized in that, The auxiliary support (35) includes an auxiliary cylinder, which is sleeved outside the end cap (31) and fixedly connected to the end cap (31); The axis of the auxiliary cylinder coincides with the axis of the annular butt weld.

13. The assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 12, characterized in that, The auxiliary support (35) is connected to the end cap (31) through a tie plate (33) and an overlap plate (34); The tie plate (33) is connected to the end face of the opening of the end cap (31). The tie plate (33) is an L-shaped plate. The inner corner of the L-shaped plate is in contact with the end face and outer wall of the end cap (31). One end of the lap plate (34) is connected to the tie plate (33), and the other end of the lap plate (34) is connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary cylinder.

14. The assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 12, characterized in that, The welding fixture (36) is a welding roller frame, which is used to drive the auxiliary cylinder to rotate around its own axis.

15. The assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 11, characterized in that, It also includes an operating table, which is located on one side of the welding fixture (36) and corresponds to the opening of the end cap (31); The operator uses the operating table to reach the flat welding position of the annular butt weld of the end cap (31) and the fixing ring.

16. The assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 15, characterized in that, The operating table includes a support frame and a platform (38), the platform (38) is mounted on the top of the support frame, the support frame is used to support the platform (38), and the platform (38) is used for workers to stand and work.

17. The assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 16, characterized in that, The support frame is one of the following: a lifting hydraulic platform, scaffolding, and ladder.

18. The assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 16, characterized in that, The platform (38) is a retractable platform, and the retractable platform extends in the horizontal direction so that the platform (38) can extend into or out of the end cap (31).

19. The assembly device for the end cap and the fixing ring seat according to claim 11, characterized in that, It also includes a heater (37), which is mounted on the welding fixture (36) and located on the side of the end cap (31) facing away from the opening; The heater (37) is used to heat the mating area between the end cap (31) and the fixed ring seat (32).

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