A tooling production line and processing method for ring frame type parts
By designing a conformal tooling production line and adopting internal cavity and external circumferential machining modes, the problems of poor positioning accuracy and large machining deformation of ring-shaped parts were solved, and an efficient and reliable machining process was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING XINGHANG MECHANICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing automated production lines lack specialized tooling for ring-shaped parts, resulting in poor positioning accuracy, large processing deformation, and low efficiency.
A tooling production line was designed, which includes conformal tooling with internal cavity machining mode and external circumferential machining mode. The conformal pressure plate and flexible support are used to fix and support ring-shaped parts. Combined with the positioning reference surface of the tooling base and the alignment spring contact, fast and accurate positioning and efficient clamping are achieved.
It improves the machining rigidity and quality of ring-frame parts, reduces machining deformation, and enhances positioning accuracy and clamping efficiency, thus meeting the requirements for rapid, accurate positioning and reliable clamping of ring-frame parts.
Smart Images
Figure CN122142792A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool accessories technology, and in particular to a tooling production line and processing method for ring-shaped parts. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of aerospace manufacturing, ring-shaped parts (such as...) Figure 1 (As shown) is typically a thin-walled cylindrical structure. In traditional machining processes, due to the lack of dedicated tooling, operators need to manually align and clamp each part directly on the machine tool table before machining. This method not only increases auxiliary machining time and affects production efficiency, but also leads to problems such as poor positioning accuracy, large machining deformation, and difficulty in ensuring quality consistency due to human intervention.
[0003] With the rapid development of industrial robots and automation technology, automated production line processing modes based on AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles) are gradually being adopted. These systems typically include loading and unloading stations and machine tool worktables. The AGVs are controlled by a program to autonomously pick up and place items on the machine tool worktable, achieving unmanned handling and high-precision positioning. However, existing automated production lines lack specialized tooling for the structural characteristics of ring-shaped parts, making it difficult to achieve rapid, accurate positioning and reliable clamping of parts. Furthermore, they cannot meet the anti-deformation requirements of ring-shaped parts processing, thus failing to fully realize the efficiency advantages of automated production lines. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a tooling production line and processing method for ring-shaped parts, in order to solve one of the problems of poor positioning accuracy, large processing deformation and low processing efficiency of ring-shaped parts.
[0005] On one hand, the present invention provides a tooling production line for ring-shaped parts, including conformal tooling, wherein the conformal tooling includes a tooling base and a conformal pressure plate, the conformal pressure plate being detachably connected to the inner side of the tooling base or detachably connected to the outer side of the tooling base; one end of the conformal pressure plate is provided with a conformal lower limit pressure plate and a flexible support member, and the other end is provided with a conformal support pressure plate; The conformal tooling has two working modes: Internal cavity processing mode: The ring-shaped part is placed on the tooling base, the conformal pressure plate is set on the outside of the tooling base, the conformal lower limit pressure plate presses the upper edge of the ring-shaped part from the outside of the ring-shaped part, and at the same time the flexible support abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part. Outer circumferential machining mode: The ring-shaped part is placed on the tooling base, the conformal pressure plate is set on the inner side of the tooling base, the conformal support pressure plate presses the annular boss on the inner side of the ring-shaped part, and at the same time the end face of the conformal support pressure plate abuts against the inner cavity wall of the ring-shaped part.
[0006] Furthermore, the flexible support member and the conformal lower limit pressure plate are fixedly connected, and the end face of the conformal lower limit pressure plate protrudes from the flexible support member.
[0007] Furthermore, the end face of the conformal lower limit pressure plate is arc-shaped, and the end face shape of the conformal support pressure plate is consistent with the inner cavity wall shape of the ring-shaped part.
[0008] Furthermore, multiple conformal pressure plates are provided, and the multiple conformal pressure plates are evenly arranged along the circumference of the ring-shaped part.
[0009] Furthermore, the conformal pressure plate also includes a first fixing hole and a second fixing hole, wherein the first fixing hole is an elongated hole.
[0010] Furthermore, the conformal pressure plate also includes a support pad, which includes a pad and a threaded rod. The threaded rod is located at the center of the upper surface of the pad, and the thickness of the pad is equal to or less than the height of the annular boss on the inner side of the ring-shaped part.
[0011] Furthermore, multiple alignment spring contacts are fixedly connected to the tooling base, and multiple axial alignment lines are uniformly arranged along the axial direction on the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part.
[0012] Furthermore, the tooling base is provided with a cylindrical lower limit groove and a positioning pin.
[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a machine tool worktable, a loading station, a unloading station, and an AGV; the conformal tooling is used to fix the ring-shaped parts on the machine tool worktable, and the AGV is used to realize the transfer of the machine tool worktable between the loading station, the unloading station, and the machine tool.
[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for processing ring-shaped parts, which processes the ring-shaped parts according to the tooling production line described above, including the following steps: S1. A positioning hole is machined on the annular end face of the ring-shaped part; the annular end face is an end face with an annular boss. S2. Machining the inner cavity and outer circumferential features of the ring-shaped part; Step S2 specifically includes: S21. Load the ring-shaped part with the pre-machined positioning holes; S22. The conformal tooling fixes the ring-shaped part in an internal cavity machining mode; S23, Internal cavity machining; S24. After the internal cavity is processed, the AGV moves the machine tool worktable to the unloading station; S25. The conformal tooling is switched from the internal cavity machining mode to the external circumferential surface machining mode; S26. Machining of countersunk holes at bevel angles on the outer circumference.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention provides a tooling production line for ring-shaped parts. By using conformal tooling to fix and support the ring-shaped parts, the machining rigidity of the ring-shaped parts is increased, deformation is prevented, and the machining quality is improved. At the same time, the conformal tooling has internal cavity machining mode and external circumferential machining mode, which can flexibly adapt to the machining requirements of ring-shaped parts. Reliable clamping of different parts of the ring-shaped parts can be completed on the same tooling, improving clamping efficiency.
[0016] 2. In the tooling production line for ring-shaped parts of the present invention, in the inner cavity machining mode, a conformal lower limit pressure plate presses against the upper edge of the ring-shaped part from the outside to fix the ring-shaped part, and a flexible support abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part to provide auxiliary support from the outside; in the outer circumferential machining mode, a conformal support pressure plate presses against the annular boss on the inner side of the ring-shaped part to fix the ring-shaped part, and the end face of the conformal support pressure plate abuts against the inner cavity wall surface of the ring-shaped part to provide auxiliary support from the inside; and the end face shape of the conformal support pressure plate is consistent with the shape of the inner cavity wall surface of the ring-shaped part, and the end face of the conformal support pressure plate can fit against the inner cavity wall surface of the ring-shaped part; through the conformal support of the flexible support and the conformal support pressure plate, the machining rigidity of the ring-shaped part is improved, machining deformation is reduced, and machining quality and yield are improved.
[0017] 3. The tooling production line for ring-shaped parts of the present invention has a cylindrical lower limit groove on the tooling base. In use, the bottom surface of the cylindrical lower limit groove is used as the positioning reference surface. The ring-shaped part is placed in the cylindrical lower limit groove, and the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical lower limit groove is used to position the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part. The bottom surface of the cylindrical lower limit groove and the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical lower limit groove are used to quickly perform preliminary positioning of the ring-shaped part, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the ring-shaped part. Multiple alignment spring contacts are fixedly connected to the tooling base. Multiple alignment lines are evenly arranged axially on the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part. By aligning the alignment spring contacts with the alignment lines on the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part, the rapid and accurate positioning of the ring-shaped part during clamping is achieved.
[0018] 4. This invention provides a machining method for ring-shaped parts, which uses conformal tooling to clamp and fix the ring-shaped parts, thereby improving clamping efficiency and positioning accuracy; the same conformal tooling is used to machine the positioning holes, inner cavities and outer circumferential features of the ring-shaped parts, thereby improving the machining efficiency of the ring-shaped parts.
[0019] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0020] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ring-shaped part involved in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the conformal tooling according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of part clamping in the internal cavity machining mode of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of part clamping under the outer circumferential machining mode of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the conformal pressure plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a second schematic diagram of the conformal pressure plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the tooling base and the machine tool worktable according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a processing method for ring-shaped parts according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Figure label: 1- Fixture base; 11- Lower cylindrical groove; 12- Pressure plate fixing hole; 13- Locating pin; 14- Fixture fixing hole; 15- Second screw; 2-Conformal pressure plate; 21-Conformal lower limit pressure plate; 22-Flexible support component; 221-Support block; 222-Flexible sliding column; 223-Locking component; 23-Conformal support pressure plate; 24-First fixing hole; 25-Second fixing hole; 26-Support washer; 261-Washer; 262-Threaded rod; 27-First screw; 28-First support rod; 29-Second support rod; 3- Alignment spring contact; 4- Machine tool worktable; 5- Ring-shaped parts. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0024] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the ring-shaped part 5 involved in this embodiment is a thin-walled cylindrical structure, and one end face has an annular boss extending radially inward.
[0025] To address the problems of poor positioning accuracy, low processing efficiency, and large processing deformation in ring-shaped parts, a specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, a tooling production line for ring-shaped parts is disclosed, including conformal tooling. The conformal tooling includes a tooling base 1 and a conformal pressure plate 2. The tooling base 1 is used to place the ring-shaped part 5. The conformal pressure plate 2 is detachably connected to the inner side of the tooling base 1 or detachably connected to the outer side of the tooling base 1 for fixing the ring-shaped part 5. One end of the conformal pressure plate 2 is provided with a conformal lower limit pressure plate 21 and a flexible support member 22, and the other end is provided with a conformal support pressure plate 23.
[0026] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the conformal tooling in this embodiment has two working modes: Internal cavity machining mode: The ring-shaped part 5 is placed on the tooling base 1, the conformal pressure plate 2 is set on the outside of the tooling base 1, and the conformal lower limit pressure plate 21 presses the upper edge of the ring-shaped part 5 from the outside to fix the ring-shaped part 5. At the same time, the flexible support 22 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5 to provide auxiliary support from the outside and reduce the machining deformation of the ring-shaped part 5. Outer circumferential machining mode: The ring-shaped part 5 is placed on the tooling base 1, the conformal pressure plate 2 is set inside the tooling base 1, and the conformal support pressure plate 23 presses the annular boss inside the ring-shaped part 5 to fix the ring-shaped part 5. At the same time, the end face of the conformal support pressure plate 23 abuts against the inner cavity wall of the ring-shaped part 5 to provide auxiliary support from the inside and reduce the machining deformation of the ring-shaped part 5.
[0027] To address the issue of easy deformation during machining of ring-shaped parts 5, further, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the conformal lower limit pressure plate 21 and the conformal support pressure plate 23 are integrally connected, and the flexible support member 22 and the conformal lower limit pressure plate 21 are fixedly connected. The end face of the conformal lower limit pressure plate 21 protrudes from the flexible support member 22. In the internal cavity processing mode, the flexible support member 22 is located below the conformal lower limit pressure plate 21. The conformal lower limit pressure plate 21 presses against the upper edge of the ring-shaped part 5, and the flexible support member 22 fits against the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5, providing auxiliary support from the outside.
[0028] The end face shape of the conformal support plate 23 is consistent with the inner cavity wall shape of the ring-shaped part 5. In the outer circumferential machining mode, the conformal support plate 23 presses the annular boss on the inner side of the ring-shaped part 5. At the same time, the end face of the conformal support plate 23 fits against the inner cavity wall of the ring-shaped part 5, providing auxiliary support from the inside, improving the machining rigidity of the ring-shaped part 5, and reducing machining deformation.
[0029] The end face of the conformal lower limit pressure plate 21 is arc-shaped to fit the upper edge shape of the ring-shaped part 5.
[0030] Multiple conformal pressure plates 2 are provided. The multiple conformal pressure plates 2 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the ring-shaped part 5 or are set at the position where support is required according to the processing requirements of the ring-shaped part 5.
[0031] To address the issue that conformal tooling cannot clamp ring-shaped parts 5 of different sizes, the flexible support 22 further includes a support block 221, flexible slide columns 222, a locking element 223, and a resetting element (not shown in the figure). Multiple flexible slide columns 222 are provided, arranged in a rectangular or circular array, and slidably disposed within the support block 221. When the locking element 223 is tightened, it locks the position of the flexible slide columns 222. When the locking element 223 is released, the flexible slide columns 222 are reset by the push of the resetting element. For example, the resetting element... The positioning element is a return spring; when the flexible support 22 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5, the flexible slide column 222 is slid under force to fit the shape of the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5, and the locking element 223 is tightened to lock the position of the flexible slide column 222. The flexible slide column 222, which fits the shape of the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5, provides auxiliary support for the ring-shaped part 5, improves the processing rigidity of the ring-shaped part 5, reduces processing deformation, and is applicable to ring-shaped parts 5 of different diameters, thus improving the application range of conformal tooling.
[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 7As shown, the conformal pressure plate 2 also includes a first fixing hole 24 and a second fixing hole 25, which are used to fix the conformal pressure plate 2. The tooling base 1 is provided with a pressure plate fixing hole 12. In the internal cavity processing mode, the conformal pressure plate 2 is fixedly connected to the first support rod 28 and the second support rod 29 through the first fixing hole 24 and the second fixing hole 25, respectively. In the external circumferential processing mode, the first screw 27 passes through the first fixing hole 24 and the pressure plate fixing hole 12 to fix the conformal pressure plate 2 on the tooling base 1, and causes the conformal support pressure plate 23 to press the annular boss on the inner side of the ring frame part 5.
[0033] Furthermore, the first fixing hole 24 is an elongated hole to adjust the fixing position of the conformal pressure plate 2 according to the size of the ring-shaped part 5, and the second fixing hole 25 is a threaded hole.
[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the conformal pressure plate 2 also includes a support pad 26, which includes a pad 261 and a threaded rod 262. The threaded rod 262 is located at the center of the upper surface of the pad 261. The thickness of the pad 261 is equal to or less than the height of the annular boss. In the outer circumferential surface machining mode, the threaded rod 262 of the support pad 26 is threadedly connected to the second fixing hole 25. By adjusting the screw depth of the threaded rod 262, the conformal support pressure plate 23 is horizontally pressed onto the annular boss. The support pad 26 can adjust the support height of the conformal pressure plate 2 to suit annular bosses of different heights, thereby improving the application range of the conformal tooling.
[0035] To address the issue of poor positioning accuracy in ring-shaped parts, further steps are needed, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the tooling base 1 is provided with a cylindrical lower limit groove 11. In use, the bottom surface of the cylindrical lower limit groove 11 is used as the positioning reference surface. The ring-shaped part 5 is placed in the cylindrical lower limit groove 11, and the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical lower limit groove 11 is used to position the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5. The bottom surface and cylindrical surface of the cylindrical lower limit groove 11 are used to quickly perform preliminary positioning of the ring-shaped part 5, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the ring-shaped part 5.
[0036] To address the issues of cumbersome and inaccurate positioning and alignment, the system further includes multiple alignment spring contacts 3, which are fixedly connected to the fixture base 1. Multiple alignment lines (not shown in the figure) are evenly arranged axially on the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5. The alignment spring contacts 3 are aligned with the alignment lines on the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5 to achieve precise positioning of the ring-shaped part 5 during clamping. For example, four axial alignment lines are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5, and four alignment spring contacts 3 are fixedly connected to the fixture base 1.
[0037] The tooling base 1 has four radial positioning lines on its positioning reference surface. These four positioning lines are evenly distributed around the circumference of the tooling base 1. When the tooling base 1 is installed on the machine tool table 4, the four positioning lines are parallel to the X-axis and Y-axis of the machine tool table 4, respectively, thus positioning the tooling base 1 on the machine tool table 4. The tooling base 1 also has a tooling fixing hole 14. A second screw 15 is inserted into the tooling fixing hole 14 and connected to the T-slot on the machine tool table 4 and locked, thus fixing the tooling base 1 on the machine tool table 4. For example, the tooling fixing hole 14 is an elongated hole to improve the flexibility of fixing the tooling base 1.
[0038] Furthermore, the tooling base 1 is provided with a positioning pin 13, which is connected to the positioning hole on the ring-shaped part 5 to achieve rapid positioning of the ring-shaped part 5.
[0039] Furthermore, to address the issue of low processing efficiency for ring-shaped parts 5, this embodiment provides a tooling production line for ring-shaped parts, which also includes a loading station, a unloading station, a machine tool, a machine tool worktable 4, and an AGV (not shown in the figure). The conformal tooling is used to fix the ring-shaped parts 5 onto the machine tool worktable 4. The loading station is used for loading the ring-shaped parts 5. The unloading station is used for unloading and changing the processed ring-shaped parts 5. The AGV is used to realize the transfer of the machine tool worktable 4 between the loading station, the unloading station, and the machine tool. The machine tool is used to realize the processing of the ring-shaped parts 5.
[0040] Furthermore, the tooling production line for ring-shaped parts in this embodiment includes two machine tool worktables 4, namely the first worktable and the second worktable. The first worktable and the second worktable work in parallel, which can realize the parallel loading and unloading of parts and processing. That is, when one machine tool worktable 4 is processing in the machine tool, the other machine tool worktable 4 is clamping parts or unloading materials. In the initial state, the first worktable and the second worktable are located at the loading station.
[0041] This embodiment provides a tooling production line for ring-shaped parts. The conformal tooling fixes and supports the ring-shaped part 5, increasing its machining rigidity, preventing deformation, and improving its machining quality. Simultaneously, the conformal pressure plate 2 has both internal cavity machining and external circumferential machining modes, flexibly adapting to the machining requirements of the ring-shaped part 5. Reliable clamping of different parts of the ring-shaped part 5 can be completed on the same tooling, improving clamping efficiency. The bottom surface of the cylindrical lower limit groove 11 serves as a positioning reference surface, and the cylindrical surface of the lower limit groove 11 is used for external circumferential positioning of the ring-shaped part 5. Combined with the alignment spring contact 3, rapid clamping, alignment, and precise positioning of the ring-shaped part 5 are achieved, improving clamping efficiency and positioning accuracy. The tooling production line for ring-shaped parts provided in this embodiment includes two machine tool worktables 4, which work in parallel and use AGVs to realize the transfer of machine tool worktables 4. The degree of automation is high, which improves the processing efficiency of ring-shaped parts 5.
[0042] Example 2 To address the problem of low processing efficiency for ring-shaped parts, another specific embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 8 As shown, a method for machining ring-shaped parts is disclosed. The method uses the conformal tooling described in Embodiment 1 to clamp and fix the ring-shaped part 5, and then processes the ring-shaped part 5 on the production line of the ring-shaped part tooling described in Embodiment 1. The method includes the following steps: S1. Machining positioning holes on the annular end face (the end face with the annular boss) of the ring-frame type part 5; Step S1 specifically includes: S11. Install fixture base 1: Adjust the tooling base 1 to the exact center of the machine tool table 4 (i.e., adjust the center of the tooling base 1 to coincide with the center of the machine tool table 4), level the positioning reference surface, and adjust the angle of the tooling base so that the four positioning lines are parallel to the X-axis and Y-axis of the machine tool table 4 respectively. Insert the second screw 15 into the tool fixing hole 14 and connect it to the T-slot on the machine tool worktable 4 and lock it in place, thus fixing the tool base 1 onto the machine tool worktable 4. S12. Loading of ring-frame part 5: At the loading station, place the ring-frame part 5 with its annular end face facing up into the cylindrical lower limit groove 11 of the tooling base 1. The other end of the ring-frame part 5 is in close contact with the positioning reference surface, and the outer circumferential surface of the ring-frame part 5 is in close contact with the side of the cylindrical lower limit groove 11. S13. Alignment of ring-frame part 5: Rotate ring-frame part 5 so that the four alignment lines on the outer circumference of ring-frame part 5 are aligned with the four alignment spring contacts 3 on the tooling base 1. After alignment, stop rotating ring-frame part 5. S14, Ring-type parts 5 are fixed: Connect the conformal pressure plate 2 to the first support rod 28 and the second support rod 29. Adjust the position of the conformal pressure plate 2 so that the conformal lower limit pressure plate 21 of the conformal pressure plate 2 presses against the upper edge of the ring-shaped part 5. The shape of the flexible slide column 222 fits the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5. Tighten the locking piece 223 to lock the position of the flexible slide column 222. Tighten the nut on the first support rod 28 to fix the position of the conformal pressure plate 2. Multiple conformal pressure plates 2 are evenly arranged along the circumference, and the multiple conformal pressure plates 2 press and fix the ring frame type parts 5; S15. Feature processing: The AGV transfers the machine tool workbench 4, which is loaded with the ring-shaped part 5, into the machine tool. The control system starts the processing program and processes the positioning hole on the ring end face of the ring-shaped part 5. S16. Unloading: After the ring-shaped parts 5 on the machine tool worktable 4 are processed, the AGV moves the machine tool worktable 4 to the unloading station for unloading. S17, Machine tool worktable 4 return: The AGV moves the unloaded machine tool worktable 4 to the loading station; S18. Repeat steps S12 to S17 until all ring-shaped parts 5 to be processed are completed.
[0043] Furthermore, to address the issue of low processing efficiency for ring-shaped parts 5, two machine tool worktables 4 are installed on the production line, namely the first worktable and the second worktable. The first worktable and the second worktable work in parallel, enabling parallel loading and unloading of parts and processing. That is, while one worktable is processing in the machine tool, the other worktable is clamping parts at the loading station or unloading parts at the unloading station. In the initial state, the first worktable and the second worktable are located at the loading station.
[0044] When executing step S1, the process of the first and second worktables working in parallel is as follows: A1: Repeat step S11 to install tooling base 1 on the first worktable and the second worktable respectively; A2: Perform steps S12~S14 to clamp the ring frame part 5 on the first worktable; A3: Perform step S15 to machine the positioning hole of the ring-shaped part 5 on the first worktable; A4 (parallel operation): While performing step S15 to process the positioning hole on the first worktable, repeat steps S12 to S14 to clamp the ring frame part 5 on the second worktable. A5: After the first workbench is completed, execute S16~S17. The AGV moves the first workbench from the machine tool to the unloading station. The unloading station completes the unloading of the processed ring-shaped parts 5. Then the AGV moves the empty first workbench back to the loading station. A6 (Exchange Cycle): The AGV transfers the second workbench, which has completed the clamping of the ring-shaped part 5, from the loading station into the machine tool and executes step S15 to perform positioning hole machining; while the second workbench is performing step S15 to perform positioning hole machining, the first workbench, which has returned to its original position, repeats steps S12 to S14 to clamp the next ring-shaped part 5. A7 (Repetitive Cycle): After each processing is completed, the first or second worktable is fed into the machine tool alternately according to A5~A6, and at the same time, the other machine tool worktable is clamped or unloaded at the loading or unloading station. This cycle continues until all the ring-shaped parts to be processed are completed, realizing efficient batch processing of this process line.
[0045] In step S1, a positioning hole is machined on the annular end face of the ring-shaped part 5. During subsequent machining, the positioning hole cooperates with the positioning pin 13 on the tooling base 1 to achieve rapid positioning of the ring-shaped part 5 and improve clamping efficiency.
[0046] S2. Machining the inner cavity and outer circumferential features of the ring-shaped part 5; Step S2 specifically includes: S21. Loading of ring-frame part 5: At the loading station, place the ring-frame part 5 with the locating hole machined on its annular end face downward into the cylindrical lower limit groove 11 of the tooling base 1, so that the locating hole on the annular end face of the ring-frame part 5 cooperates with the locating pin 13 on the tooling base 1, the annular end face of the ring-frame part 5 is in close contact with the locating reference surface of the tooling base 1, and the outer circumferential surface of the ring-frame part 5 is in close contact with the side of the cylindrical lower limit groove 11. S22, The conformal pressure plate 2 fixes the ring-shaped part 5 in the internal cavity machining mode: Adjust the positions of multiple conforming pressure plates 2 so that the conforming lower limit pressure plate 21 of the conforming pressure plate 2 presses against the upper edge of the ring frame part 5, the flexible slide column 222 fits against the outer circumferential surface of the ring frame part 5, tighten the locking piece 223 to lock the position of the flexible slide column 222, tighten the nut on the first support rod 28 to fix the position of the conforming pressure plate 2. S23. Internal cavity machining: The AGV places the machine tool workbench 4, which is loaded with the ring-shaped part 5, into the machine tool. The control system starts the machining program to machine the internal cavity features of the ring-shaped part 5. The inner cavity wall of the ring-shaped part 5 is uniformly distributed with inclined cylindrical features. S24. After the internal cavity is processed, the AGV moves the machine tool worktable 4 to the unloading station; S25, The conformal pressure plate 2 is switched from the internal cavity machining mode to the external circumferential surface machining mode: For the machine tool worktable 4 that has completed the machining of the inner cavity of the ring-shaped part 5, the conformal pressure plate 2, the first support rod 28 and the second support rod 29 are removed from the machine tool worktable 4 at the unloading station. The conformal pressure plate 2 is flipped over and placed in the inner cavity of the ring-shaped part 5, so that the conformal support pressure plate 23 faces the inner cavity wall of the ring-shaped part 5. The first screw 27 passes through the first fixing hole 24 and the pressure plate fixing hole 12 to fix the conformal pressure plate 2 on the tooling base 1, so that the conformal support pressure plate 23 presses the annular boss on the inner side of the ring-shaped part 5, and the end face of the conformal support pressure plate 23 fits the inclined cylindrical surface feature on the inner cavity wall. Multiple conformal pressure plates 2 are evenly arranged in the inner cavity of the ring-shaped part 5 to fix the ring-shaped part 5 in the outer circumferential surface machining mode; then the AGV transfers the machine tool worktable 4, which has completed the machining mode conversion, to the loading station. S26. Machining of oblique angle countersinking on outer circumferential surface: The machine tool worktable 4, which has been converted to the outer circumferential surface machining mode, is transferred to the machine tool. The control system starts the machining program and machines oblique angle countersinking holes at the positions corresponding to the oblique cylindrical surface features on the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part 5. The oblique angle countersinking holes are evenly distributed along the outer circumferential surface. S27. After processing is completed, the AGV will transfer the machine tool workbench 4 to the unloading station for unloading, and the AGV will transfer the unloaded machine tool workbench 4 to the loading station. S28. Repeat steps S21 to S27 until all ring-shaped parts 5 to be processed are completed.
[0047] When executing step S2, the process of the first and second worktables working in parallel is as follows: B1: Perform steps S21~S22, clamp the ring frame part 5 on the first worktable in the internal cavity machining mode; B2: Perform step S23 to machine the inner cavity of the ring-shaped part 5; B3 (parallel operation): While performing step S23 on the first worktable to perform internal cavity machining, repeat steps S21~S22 to clamp the ring frame part 5 on the second worktable in internal cavity machining mode. B4: After the first workbench is completed, step S24 is executed, and the AGV moves the first workbench to the unloading station; B5 (Exchange Cycle): The AGV transfers the second worktable, which has completed the clamping of the ring-shaped part 5, into the machine tool and executes step S23 to perform internal cavity machining; B6 (Parallel Operation): While the second worktable is performing step S23 to process the inner cavity, the first worktable is performing step S25 to switch the processing mode of the conformal pressure plate 2. B7: After the inner cavity of the second workbench is processed, step S24 is executed, and the AGV moves the second workbench to the unloading station; B8: The AGV transfers the first workbench, which has completed the processing mode conversion, from the loading station to the machine tool and executes step S26 to perform the outer circumferential surface oblique angle countersinking machining. B9 (Parallel Operation): While the first worktable is executing step S26 to process the oblique angle countersink hole on the outer circumferential surface, the second worktable is executing step S25 to switch the processing mode of the conformal pressure plate 2. B10: After the first workbench is machined with a countersunk hole at an angle on its outer circumference, step S27 is executed. The AGV will transfer the first workbench to the unloading station for unloading. After unloading, the AGV will transfer the first workbench to the loading station. B11 (Exchange Cycle): The AGV transfers the second worktable, which has completed the mode conversion, to the machine tool and executes step S26 to perform the outer circumferential surface bevel counterbore machining. While the second worktable is performing step S26 to perform the outer circumferential surface bevel counterbore machining, the first worktable, which has returned to its original position, repeats steps S21~S22 to clamp the next ring-shaped part 5. B12 (Repetitive Cycle): Repeat steps S23~S27, alternating between the first and second worktables to complete the complete cycle of "internal cavity machining - mode change - external circumferential surface machining - unloading and reloading" until all ring-shaped parts 5 to be processed are completed, thus achieving efficient batch processing of this production line.
[0048] This embodiment provides a machining method for ring-shaped parts. Two machine tool worktables 4 are set up on the tooling production line. The two worktables 4 alternately machine the ring-shaped parts 5. While one worktable 4 is machining, the other worktable 4 performs part clamping, blanking, or other machining preparation steps, improving machining efficiency. The method uses the conformal tooling from Embodiment 1 to clamp and fix the ring-shaped parts 5, improving clamping efficiency and positioning accuracy. During internal cavity machining, the flexible support 22 of the conformal pressure plate 2 fits against the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped parts 5, providing auxiliary support from the outside. During the machining of the outer circumferential angle countersunk hole, the end face of the conformal support pressure plate 23 fits against the inner cavity wall of the ring-shaped parts 5, providing auxiliary support from the inside, improving the machining rigidity of the ring-shaped parts 5, reducing machining deformation, and improving machining quality and yield.
[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A tooling production line for ring-shaped parts, characterized in that, The tooling includes a conformal tooling, which includes a tooling base (1) and a conformal pressure plate (2). The conformal pressure plate (2) is detachably connected to the inner side of the tooling base (1) or detachably connected to the outer side of the tooling base (1). One end of the conformal pressure plate (2) is provided with a conformal lower limit pressure plate (21) and a flexible support member (22), and the other end is provided with a conformal support pressure plate (23). The conformal tooling has two working modes: Internal cavity processing mode: The ring-shaped part (5) is placed on the tooling base (1), the conformal pressure plate (2) is set on the outside of the tooling base (1), the conformal lower limit pressure plate (21) presses the upper edge of the ring-shaped part (5) from the outside, and at the same time the flexible support (22) abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part (5); Outer circumferential machining mode: The ring-shaped part (5) is placed on the tooling base (1), the conformal pressure plate (2) is set on the inner side of the tooling base (1), the conformal support pressure plate (23) presses the annular boss on the inner side of the ring-shaped part (5), and at the same time, the end face of the conformal support pressure plate (23) abuts against the inner cavity wall of the ring-shaped part (5).
2. The tooling production line for ring-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible support (22) and the conformal lower limit plate (21) are fixedly connected, and the end face of the conformal lower limit plate (21) protrudes from the flexible support (22).
3. The tooling production line for ring-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the conformal lower limit pressure plate (21) is arc-shaped, and the end face shape of the conformal support pressure plate (23) is consistent with the inner cavity wall shape of the ring-shaped part (5).
4. The tooling production line for ring-shaped parts according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Multiple conformal pressure plates (2) are provided, and the multiple conformal pressure plates (2) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the ring frame part (5).
5. The tooling production line for ring-shaped parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conformal pressure plate (2) also includes a first fixing hole (24) and a second fixing hole (25), wherein the first fixing hole (24) is an elongated hole and the second fixing hole (25) is a threaded hole.
6. The tooling production line for ring-shaped parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conformal pressure plate (2) also includes a support pad (26), which includes a pad (261) and a threaded rod (262). The threaded rod (262) is located at the center of the upper surface of the pad (261), and the thickness of the pad (261) is equal to or less than the height of the annular boss on the inner side of the ring-shaped part (5).
7. The tooling production line for ring-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple alignment spring contacts (3) are fixedly connected to the tooling base (1), and multiple axial alignment lines are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped part (5).
8. The tooling production line for ring-shaped parts according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The tooling base (1) is provided with a cylindrical lower limit groove (11) and a positioning pin (13).
9. The tooling production line for ring-shaped parts according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5-7, characterized in that, It also includes a machine tool worktable (4), a loading station, a unloading station and an AGV; the conformal tooling is used to fix the ring-shaped part (5) on the machine tool worktable (4), and the AGV is used to realize the transfer of the machine tool worktable (4) between the loading station, the unloading station and the machine tool.
10. A method for machining a ring-shaped part, characterized in that, The tooling production line for the ring-frame type parts according to claim 9 processes the ring-frame type parts (5) by the following steps: S1. A positioning hole is machined on the annular end face of the ring-shaped part (5); the annular end face is an end face with an annular boss. S2. Machining the inner cavity and outer circumferential features of the ring-shaped part (5); Step S2 specifically includes: S21. Load the ring-shaped part (5) with the pre-machined positioning holes; S22, The conformal tooling fixes the ring-shaped part (5) in the internal cavity machining mode; S23, Internal cavity machining; S24. After the internal cavity is processed, the AGV moves the machine tool worktable (4) to the unloading station; S25. The conformal tooling is switched from the internal cavity machining mode to the external circumferential surface machining mode; S26. Machining of countersunk holes at bevel angles on the outer circumference.