A self-adapting double-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical test

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of soil test sample preparation, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive double-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for soil test, which can simultaneously realize manual fine operation and hydraulic efficient driving, and automatically move the ring cutter to the next working position after cutting soil. The system comprises a base, a supporting plate, a soil cutting assembly, a hydraulic driving assembly, a hydraulic linkage assembly and a soil sample base. The soil cutting assembly can realize manual soil cutting mode or hydraulic soil cutting mode through locking bolt switching. The hydraulic driving assembly is fixedly connected to the two sides of the soil cutting assembly on the supporting plate, and the hydraulic linkage assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the soil cutting assembly. The hydraulic linkage assembly is not linked with the hydraulic driving assembly when the ring cutter assembly moves downward, and drives the soil cutting assembly to move horizontally to the next soil cutting position when the ring cutter assembly moves upward. The present application integrates manual and hydraulic double-mode soil cutting functions, and realizes automatic cooperation of soil cutting and displacement, thereby improving the efficiency and precision of ring cutter sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a ring cutter soil cutting device, specifically an adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing, belonging to the field of geotechnical test sample preparation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Geotechnical testing is a fundamental task in geotechnical engineering investigation and design. The accuracy of the test results is directly related to the quality and safety of engineering construction. As a key process for preparing undisturbed soil samples, the ring cutter method requires extremely high control over the degree of soil sample disturbance.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used ring cutter soil cutting equipment in geotechnical testing mainly falls into the following categories: One type is a simple soil cutting device that is primarily operated manually. For example, CN210982442U discloses a device for cutting undisturbed soil samples into a ring cutter. This device uses a lever and return spring structure to drive the ring cutter to cut vertically into the soil sample. It has a simple structure and low cost, but its driving method is singular and relies entirely on manual operation. When dealing with dense and hard soil samples, the labor intensity is high and the cutting speed is difficult to control evenly. Uneven force can easily cause the ring cutter to deflect or the soil sample to be disturbed. The other type is based on automated driving. Soil cutting equipment, such as the fully automatic pneumatic sample cutter for geotechnical testing disclosed in CN107328621B, uses a pneumatic control device to drive a cylinder to push the soil sample upward through a fixed ring cutter, thus achieving automated soil cutting and effectively reducing manual labor intensity. However, since the soil cutting method involves pushing the soil sample upward into the ring cutter, the ring cutter position is fixed while the soil sample moves. For soft plastic soil samples, uneven pushing force can easily cause soil sample deformation or separation from the ring. Furthermore, the device can only achieve a single pneumatic drive mode and cannot flexibly switch the operation mode according to the characteristics of the soil sample. Furthermore, existing ring cutter soil cutting equipment generally suffers from a common defect: the cutting action and the switching of the cutting position are independent of each other. After completing one cut, the operator needs to manually move the ring cutter or soil sample to the next sampling position. This process is not only time-consuming, but more importantly, the accuracy of manual positioning is difficult to guarantee. The cumulative error from multiple positioning operations can cause the sampling position to deviate from the preset point, seriously affecting the representativeness of batch sampling and the comparability of test data. At the same time, manual movement can also easily cause unexpected disturbance to the already cut soil sample. Therefore, how to organically combine manual precision operation and efficient hydraulic drive into the same equipment while ensuring cutting accuracy, and how to achieve automatic and precise movement of the ring cutter to the next soil cutting position after cutting to form a continuous and standardized ring cutter sampling process, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of geotechnical testing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing to address the problem that existing ring cutter soil cutting equipment cannot simultaneously meet the needs of both manual precision operation and hydraulic high-efficiency drive on the same equipment, and that the ring cutter cannot automatically move to the next sampling position after soil cutting is completed.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solution: an adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing, comprising a base, a support plate on the base, and a soil cutting assembly movably mounted on the support plate. The soil cutting assembly includes an outer soil cutting rod and an inner soil cutting rod that are movably connected. The bottom end of the inner soil cutting rod is connected to a ring cutter assembly. The outer soil cutting rod can be manually moved up and down when the inner soil cutting rod is in a locked state, and the inner soil cutting rod can be hydraulically driven to move up and down when the outer soil cutting rod is in a locked state. Hydraulic drive components are fixedly connected to both sides of the soil cutting component on the support plate. A hydraulic linkage component is fixedly connected to the bottom of the soil cutting component. The hydraulic linkage component and the hydraulic drive component are linked and cooperated. When the ring cutter component moves downward, the hydraulic linkage component is in a state of no hydraulic drive linkage with the two hydraulic drive components. When the ring cutter component moves upward, the hydraulic linkage component drives one of the hydraulic drive components to be in a hydraulic extension state and the other hydraulic drive component to be in a hydraulic retraction state. The base is also equipped with a soil sample platform, which includes an upper limit plate. The upper limit plate has multiple ring cutter holes, and the ring cutter holes are located directly below the position where the soil cutting component moves and stops each time.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention: vertically arranged support plate uprights are fixed between the two ends of the support plate and the base. A movable groove is opened in the middle of the support plate. The soil cutting component is set in the movable groove. Limiting sliding grooves are opened on the long side walls of the movable groove. The soil cutting component includes limiting sliders set on both sides. The limiting sliders are movably locked in the limiting sliding grooves.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the hydraulic drive assembly is disposed in a staggered manner on both short sides of the movable groove. The hydraulic drive assembly includes a telescopic outer tube and a telescopic inner rod. The telescopic inner rod is movably inserted into the telescopic outer tube, and the end of the telescopic inner rod is fixedly connected to the soil cutting assembly. The body of the telescopic outer tube is fixedly embedded in the support plate. The hydraulic drive assembly also includes a main oil supply pipe and two branch oil supply pipes embedded in the support plate. The connecting ends of the main oil supply pipe and the two branch oil supply pipes are connected to a three-way regulating valve. The regulating handle of the three-way regulating valve is located above the surface of the support plate. The other end of the main oil supply pipe is connected to the tail end of the telescopic outer tube. The other ends of the two branch oil supply pipes are both connected to the hydraulic linkage assembly. The bodies of the two branch oil supply pipes are connected in series with inlet and outlet check valves that control the one-way flow of hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic oil flow directions controlled by the two inlet and outlet check valves are opposite.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the soil cutting assembly further includes a soil cutting base and a soil cutting base plate. The soil cutting base is fixedly connected to the top surface of the soil cutting base plate, and the limiting slider is fixedly connected to both sides of the soil cutting base plate. The soil cutting base plate is movably placed in the movable groove through the locking connection between the limiting slider and the limiting groove. The outer soil cutting rod is connected to the soil cutting base in a through-type fit. An outer rod through hole is opened at the center of the soil cutting base plate for the outer rod to pass through. An outer rod locking bolt is provided on the soil cutting base. The outer rod locking bolt is threaded laterally through one side of the soil cutting base plate and tightens to lock the outer soil cutting rod. An inner rod locking bolt is provided on the rod body of the outer soil cutting rod located below the soil cutting base plate. The inner rod locking bolt is threaded laterally through one side of the outer soil cutting rod and tightens to lock the inner soil cutting rod.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a gear cavity is provided inside the soil cutting base, located on one side of the outer soil cutting rod, and a gear is rotatably connected inside the gear cavity. A rack is provided on the rod body of the outer soil cutting rod near the gear cavity, and the gear meshes with the rack. A hand crank is rotatably connected to the outside of the soil cutting base, and the hand crank is coaxially connected with the gear.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the outer cutting rod has an inner rod hydraulic cavity for housing the inner cutting rod, the upper end of the outer cutting rod is connected to a hydraulic connector that communicates with the inner rod hydraulic cavity, a hydraulic pump station located on one side of the support plate is fixedly connected to the base, the supply end of the hydraulic pump station is connected to a hydraulic conduit, and a hydraulic hose is connected between the hydraulic conduit and the hydraulic connector.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the hydraulic linkage assembly includes a linkage outer tube, a linkage inner rod, and a movable pull rod. Part of the upper rod of the linkage inner rod is movably inserted into the linkage outer tube, and part of the lower rod of the linkage inner rod is movably inserted into the movable pull rod. The top end of the linkage outer tube is fixedly connected to the cutting substrate, and the upper and lower ends of the linkage outer tube are respectively connected to two oil supply branches of the hydraulic drive assembly. A piston is fixedly connected to the top end of the linkage inner rod located inside the linkage outer tube. A hydraulic oil flow control check valve is connected to the piston. An upper limit ring is fixedly connected to the rod body of the linkage inner rod located inside the linkage outer tube. The bottom end of the movable pull rod is fixedly connected to the ring cutter assembly, and a bottom limit ring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the linkage inner rod located inside the movable pull rod.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the linkage outer pipe, the telescopic outer pipe, and the pipe connecting the two are all filled with hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil flow direction controlled by the fluid guide check valve is from bottom to top. The hydraulic oil flow direction of the inlet and outlet check valve connected in series to the oil delivery branch pipe connected to the lower end of the linkage outer pipe is input flow. The hydraulic oil flow direction of the inlet and outlet check valve connected in series to the oil delivery branch pipe connected to the upper end of the linkage outer pipe is output flow. When the ring cutter assembly moves up and down, it first drives the movable pull rod to move accordingly.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the soil sample platform also includes a bottom support plate, a jack, a limiting plate upright and a positioning groove; the two ends of the upper limiting plate are vertically fixed above the base by the limiting plate upright, the bottom support plate is located directly below the upper limiting plate, and the two ends of the bottom support plate are slidably sleeved on the limiting plate upright, the jack is fixed to the base and supports the bottom support plate, and the bottom support plate has a positioning groove directly below the ring cutter hole opened in the upper limiting plate.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the ring cutter assembly includes a detachably sealed ring cutter and a cutter cover, the cutter cover being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cutting inner rod, the outer side of the top of the ring cutter being provided with an external threaded ring, the inner wall of the cutter cover being provided with an internal threaded ring, and the internal threaded ring and the external threaded ring being threadedly connected.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention includes a base, a support plate, and a soil-cutting assembly. The soil-cutting assembly comprises an outer soil-cutting rod and an inner soil-cutting rod that are movably connected. A ring cutter assembly is connected to the bottom end of the inner soil-cutting rod. The outer soil-cutting rod can be manually moved up and down when the inner soil-cutting rod is locked. The inner soil-cutting rod can be hydraulically driven to move up and down when the outer soil-cutting rod is locked. By movably connecting the outer and inner soil-cutting rods of the soil-cutting assembly, both manual and hydraulic soil-cutting operations are integrated. When manual operation is required, the operator can fix the inner and outer soil-cutting rods into a single unit. At this time, external force is manually applied to drive the outer and inner soil-cutting rods to move up and down simultaneously. The cutting rod moves up and down, thereby driving the ring cutter assembly at the bottom to cut the soil. This facilitates manual cutting operations in complex soil samples or scenarios where the feed speed needs to be controlled. When dealing with large batches of high-strength or homogeneous soil samples, the operator can lock the outer cutting rod to keep it fixed. At this time, the inner cutting rod is driven by external hydraulic power to move up and down independently inside the outer cutting rod, thereby driving the ring cutter assembly to complete the cutting operation with constant hydraulic power. This effectively reduces the intensity of manual labor and ensures the uniformity and repeatability of the cutting process. The two modes provide a flexible solution for different cutting needs and working conditions in geotechnical testing. 2. The present invention features a support plate with hydraulic drive components fixedly connected to both sides of the cutting assembly. A hydraulic linkage component is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cutting assembly. The hydraulic linkage component and the hydraulic drive components work in tandem. When the cutter assembly moves downwards, the hydraulic linkage component is in a non-hydraulic-driven linkage state with the two hydraulic drive components. When the cutter assembly moves upwards, the hydraulic linkage component drives one hydraulic drive component to hydraulically extend while the other hydraulic drive component is hydraulically retracted. By setting up a linkage mechanism between the hydraulic linkage component and the hydraulic drive components on both sides of the cutting assembly, the coordination of the cutting action and the horizontal displacement action of the cutting assembly is achieved, allowing selection based on the movement direction of the cutter assembly. Whether to drive the cutting assembly to perform horizontal displacement. When the ring cutter assembly moves downward to perform cutting operations under hydraulic or manual drive, the cutting assembly maintains a fixed position during the vertical cutting process, ensuring that the ring cutter assembly cuts the soil sample vertically and avoids the tilting of the cut surface or the disturbance of the soil sample caused by horizontal displacement interference. When the ring cutter assembly completes cutting and moves upward, the hydraulic linkage assembly and the hydraulic drive assembly are linked, causing one of the hydraulic drive assemblies to extend and the other to retract, thereby driving the entire cutting assembly together with the ring cutter assembly on it to move horizontally on the support plate to the next preset cutting position. This integrates two independent actions, improves operating efficiency, and ensures the positioning and switching of the cutting position each time. 3. This invention includes a soil sample platform, which comprises an upper limit plate with multiple ring cutter holes. These holes are positioned directly below the stopping position of the cutting assembly during each displacement. The upper limit plate provides vertical restraint for the soil sample placed on it, preventing it from lifting or sliding laterally during cutting, thus ensuring sample stability and improving the success rate of ring cutter sampling. The ring cutter holes provide a guide channel for the downward movement of the ring cutter assembly. Driven by the inner cutting rod, the ring cutter assembly passes through the holes and cuts into the soil sample. The edges of the ring cutter holes assist in positioning and straightening the ring cutter assembly, preventing it from tilting during entry and ensuring vertical entry. This results in better original soil sample quality. Furthermore, regardless of which preset position the cutting assembly moves horizontally to, the ring cutter assembly below it aligns with the corresponding ring cutter hole, minimizing the risk of ring cutter damage or sampling failure due to positioning deviation. This enables batch ring cutter soil cutting operations in geotechnical testing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the support plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combined connection structure of the telescopic outer tube and the telescopic inner rod of the present invention; Figure 4For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cutting substrate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the soil cutting component and the hydraulic linkage component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the soil cutting component of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hydraulic linkage component of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the soil sample platform structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the inner cutting rod and the ring cutter of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the blade cover of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the ring cutter structure of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Support plate; 21. Three-way regulating valve; 22. Movable groove; 23. Telescopic outer pipe; 24. Telescopic inner rod; 25. Limiting slide groove; 26. Main oil supply pipe; 27. Branch oil supply pipe; 28. Inlet / outlet liquid check valve; 29. ​​Support plate upright; 3. Soil cutting assembly; 31. Soil cutting base; 32. Soil cutting base plate; 33. Soil cutting outer rod; 34. Limiting slider; 35. Outer rod locking bolt; 36. Hand crank; 37. Soil cutting inner rod; 38. Inner rod locking bolt; 39. Inner rod hydraulic chamber; 310. Hydraulic connector; 311. Outer rod perforation; 312. Gear cavity; 313. Gear; 314. Rack; 4. Soil sample base; 41. Upper limit plate; 42. Bottom support plate; 43. Jack; 44. Limit plate upright; 45. Ring cutter perforation; 46. Positioning groove; 5. Hydraulic pump station; 51. Hydraulic conduit; 52. Hydraulic hose; 6. Hydraulic linkage assembly; 61. Linkage outer pipe; 62. Linkage inner rod; 63. Movable tie rod; 64. Upper limit ring; 65. Bottom limit ring; 66. Piston; 67. Fluid guide check valve; 7. Ring cutter; 71. Cutter cover; 72. Internal threaded ring; 73. External threaded ring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, an adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing includes a base 1, a support plate 2 on the base 1, and a soil cutting assembly 3 movably mounted on the support plate 2. The soil cutting assembly 3 includes an outer cutting rod 33 and an inner cutting rod 37 movably connected. The bottom end of the inner cutting rod 37 is connected to a ring cutter assembly. The outer cutting rod 33 can be manually moved up and down when the inner cutting rod 37 is locked, and the inner cutting rod 37 can be hydraulically driven to move up and down when the outer cutting rod 33 is locked. By movably connecting the outer cutting rod 33 and the inner cutting rod 37 of the soil cutting assembly 3, the two operation modes of manual and hydraulic soil cutting are integrated into one. When manual operation is required, the operator can fix the inner cutting rod 37 and the outer cutting rod 33 into one unit. Overall, by manually applying external force, the outer cutting rod 33 and the inner cutting rod 37 can be driven to move up and down simultaneously, thereby driving the ring cutter assembly at the bottom to cut the soil. This facilitates manual soil cutting operations in complex soil samples or scenarios where the feed speed needs to be controlled. When dealing with large batches of high-strength or homogeneous soil samples, the operator can lock the outer cutting rod 33 to keep it fixed. At this time, the inner cutting rod 37 is driven to move up and down independently inside the outer cutting rod 33 by external hydraulic power, thereby driving the ring cutter assembly to complete the soil cutting operation with constant hydraulic power. This effectively reduces the intensity of manual labor and ensures the uniformity and repeatability of the soil cutting process. The switching between the two modes provides a flexible solution for different soil cutting needs and working conditions in geotechnical tests. Hydraulic drive components located on both sides of the cutting assembly 3 are fixedly connected to the support plate 2. A hydraulic linkage component 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cutting assembly 3. The hydraulic linkage component 6 works in conjunction with the hydraulic drive components. When the cutter assembly moves downwards, the hydraulic linkage component 6 is in a non-hydraulic drive linkage state with the two hydraulic drive components. When the cutter assembly moves upwards, the hydraulic linkage component 6 drives one hydraulic drive component to hydraulically extend while the other hydraulic drive component is hydraulically retracted. By setting the hydraulic linkage component 6 to form a linkage mechanism with the hydraulic drive components located on both sides of the cutting assembly 3, the cutting action and the horizontal displacement action of the cutting assembly 3 are coordinated, allowing selection based on the movement direction of the cutter assembly. Whether the cutting component 3 is driven to make horizontal displacement, when the ring cutter assembly moves downward to make cutting operation under hydraulic or manual drive, the cutting component 3 keeps its position fixed during the vertical cutting process, ensuring that the ring cutter assembly cuts the soil sample vertically, avoiding the tilting of the cut surface or the disturbance of the soil sample caused by horizontal displacement interference. When the ring cutter assembly finishes cutting and moves upward, the hydraulic linkage component 6 and the hydraulic drive component are linked, causing one of the hydraulic drive components to extend and the other to retract, thereby driving the entire cutting component 3 together with the ring cutter assembly on it to move horizontally on the support plate 2 to the next preset cutting position, integrating the two independent actions together, improving the operating efficiency, and ensuring the positioning and switching of the cutting position each time. A soil sample platform 4 is also provided on the base 1. The soil sample platform 4 includes an upper limit plate 41, which has multiple ring cutter holes 45. The ring cutter holes 45 are located directly below the position where the soil cutting component 3 stops at each displacement. The upper limit plate 41 can provide vertical restraint for the soil sample placed on it, preventing the soil sample from being lifted or laterally slipping during the cutting process, thus ensuring the stability of the soil sample and improving the success rate of ring cutter sampling. The ring cutter holes 45 provide a guide channel for the downward movement of the ring cutter component. Driven by the inner rod 37, the ring cutter passes through the ring cutter hole 45 and cuts into the soil sample. The edge of the ring cutter hole 45 can assist in positioning and straightening the ring cutter assembly, preventing the ring cutter assembly from deviating at the moment of cutting. This ensures that the ring cutter assembly enters the soil sample vertically, resulting in better original soil sample quality. Furthermore, no matter which preset position the cutting component 3 moves horizontally to, the ring cutter assembly below it can be aligned with the corresponding ring cutter hole 45, minimizing the risk of ring cutter damage or sampling failure due to positioning deviation. This enables mass ring cutter cutting operations in geotechnical tests.

[0020] Example 2 Improvements based on Example 1: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 10As shown, vertically arranged support plate uprights 29 are fixed between both ends of the support plate 2 and the base 1. A movable groove 22 is provided in the middle of the support plate 2, and the soil cutting assembly 3 is disposed within the movable groove 22. Limiting sliding grooves 25 are provided on the long side walls of the movable groove 22. The soil cutting assembly 3 includes limiting sliders 34 disposed on both sides, which are movably engaged within the limiting sliding grooves 25. The vertically arranged support plate uprights 29 provide stable support for the support plate 2, ensuring that the support plate 2 can withstand the soil cutting reaction force. To maintain stability and avoid cutting deviation caused by structural swaying, the movable groove 22 provides a horizontal movement channel for the cutting component 3, while the locking and engaging of the limiting slider 34 and the limiting groove 25 restricts the vertical and lateral degrees of freedom of the cutting component 3, allowing it to only perform linear reciprocating motion along the opening direction of the movable groove 22. Moreover, the locking and engaging of the limiting slider 34 and the limiting groove 25 can effectively withstand the lateral forces and impact forces generated during the cutting process, ensuring the stability of the cutting component 3 during movement and operation.

[0021] Furthermore, the hydraulic drive assembly is offset on both short sides of the movable groove 22. The hydraulic drive assembly includes a telescopic outer tube 23 and a telescopic inner rod 24. The telescopic inner rod 24 is movably inserted into the telescopic outer tube 23, and its end is fixedly connected to the soil-cutting assembly 3. The body of the telescopic outer tube 23 is fixedly embedded in the support plate 2. The hydraulic drive assembly also includes a main oil supply pipe 26 and two branch oil supply pipes 27 embedded in the support plate 2. The connecting ends of the main oil supply pipe 26 and the two branch oil supply pipes 27 are connected. The three-way regulating valve 21 has its regulating handle located above the support plate 2. The other end of the main oil supply pipe 26 is connected to the tail end of the telescopic outer pipe 23. The other ends of the two oil supply branch pipes 27 are both connected to the hydraulic linkage assembly 6. Each of the two oil supply branch pipes 27 has a series-connected inlet / outlet check valve 28 controlling the unidirectional flow of hydraulic oil. The two inlet / outlet check valves 28 control the hydraulic oil flow in opposite directions. The hydraulic drive assembly is arranged in a staggered manner on both sides of the movable groove 22, allowing the two telescopic... The inner rod 24 can connect to and drive the cutting assembly 3 from both sides, providing a balanced push and pull force. This effectively avoids the uneven load and jamming that may occur due to unilateral drive, ensuring the smooth horizontal movement of the cutting assembly 3. The hydraulic oil circuit control structure is constructed through the main oil supply pipe 26, two branch oil supply pipes 27, and three-way regulating valve 21 embedded in the support plate 2. The operator can switch the flow direction of the hydraulic oil by adjusting the handle of the three-way regulating valve 21 located above the support plate 2, thereby controlling the movement direction of the cutting assembly 3 and realizing the direction selection under manual intervention. The two branch oil supply pipes 27 are connected in series with inlet and outlet check valves 28 with opposite flow directions, ensuring that the hydraulic oil can only circulate in the opposite direction between the hydraulic linkage assembly 6 and the telescopic outer pipes 23 on both sides. This is coordinated with the action sequence of the hydraulic linkage assembly 6, ensuring that when the cutter retracts, the hydraulic oil can be drawn out from one telescopic outer pipe 23 and pressed into the other telescopic outer pipe 23, driving the cutting assembly 3 to move a fixed step distance in a specific direction.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 9As shown, the soil cutting assembly 3 also includes a soil cutting base 31 and a soil cutting base plate 32. The soil cutting base 31 is fixed to the top surface of the soil cutting base plate 32, and the limiting slider 34 is fixed to both sides of the soil cutting base plate 32. The soil cutting base plate 32 is movably placed in the movable groove 22 through the locking connection between the limiting slider 34 and the limiting groove 25. The soil cutting outer rod 33 is connected to the soil cutting base 31 in a through-type fit. The center of the soil cutting base plate 32 is provided with an outer rod through-hole for the soil cutting outer rod 33 to pass through. Hole 311, the cutting base 31 is provided with an outer rod locking bolt 35, the outer rod locking bolt 35 is transversely threaded through one side of the cutting base 31 and tightens to lock the cutting outer rod 33. The cutting outer rod 33 is provided with an inner rod locking bolt 38 on its rod body below the cutting base plate 32, and the inner rod locking bolt 38 is transversely threaded through one side of the cutting outer rod 33 and tightens to lock the cutting inner rod 37. The cutting base plate 32 serves as a moving carrier, through its two sides The limiting slider 34 cooperates with the limiting groove 25 to realize the horizontal movement of the entire soil cutting assembly 3. The soil cutting base 31 serves as a vertical support platform. The outer rod through hole 311 opened in the soil cutting base plate 32 provides a guide for the vertical movement of the outer soil cutting rod 33, ensuring that the outer soil cutting rod 33 can move vertically up and down. When the hydraulic soil cutting mode is selected, the outer rod locking bolt 35 locks the outer soil cutting rod 33 on the soil cutting base 31, making the outer soil cutting rod 33 a fixed guide sleeve, providing support for the hydraulic drive of the inner soil cutting rod 37. When the manual soil cutting mode is selected, the inner rod locking bolt 38 locks the inner soil cutting rod 37 and the outer soil cutting rod 33 into a whole, so that when the outer soil cutting rod 33 is manually operated, it can directly drive the inner soil cutting rod 37 and the ring cutter assembly to move synchronously. By tightening and loosening the bolt, the two working modes can be quickly switched, improving work efficiency.

[0023] Furthermore, a gear cavity 312 is formed inside the cutting base 31, located on one side of the cutting outer rod 33. A gear 313 is rotatably connected inside the gear cavity 312. A rack 314 is formed on the rod body of the cutting outer rod 33 near the gear cavity 312. The gear 313 meshes with the rack 314. A hand crank 36 is rotatably connected to the outside of the cutting base 31, and the hand crank 36 is coaxially connected with the gear 313. By integrating the gear cavity 312, the gear 313, and the cutting outer rod 33 inside the cutting base 31, a complete system of mechanisms is achieved. The rack 314 on the rod 33 forms a rack and pinion transmission pair and is connected to the external hand crank 36. The operator's rotational motion is converted into the rotation of the gear 313 through the hand crank 36, and then converted into the linear motion of the cutting rod 33 through the meshing of the gear 313 and the rack 314. By cranking the hand crank 36 at a constant speed, the operator can make the ring cutter assembly obtain a stable downward feed speed. It can be used for cutting sensitive soil samples that require slow and constant cutting to maintain the original structure of the soil sample.

[0024] Furthermore, the outer cutting rod 33 has an inner rod hydraulic cavity 39 for housing the inner cutting rod 37. The upper end of the outer cutting rod 33 is connected to a hydraulic connector 310 that communicates with the inner rod hydraulic cavity 39. A hydraulic pump station 5 located on one side of the support plate 2 is fixedly connected to the base 1. The supply end of the hydraulic pump station 5 is connected to a hydraulic conduit 51. A hydraulic hose 52 connects the hydraulic conduit 51 and the hydraulic connector 310. In this configuration, the outer cutting rod 33 not only serves as a structural support, but its inner rod hydraulic cavity 39 directly acts as the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, forming a double-acting hydraulic cylinder structure with the inner cutting rod 37, which acts as the piston rod. The hydraulic pump station 5 can provide stable and adjustable hydraulic pressure, which is transmitted through the hydraulic conduit 51 and the hydraulic connector 310. Hydraulic hose 52 delivers high-pressure hydraulic oil to hydraulic connector 310, which then injects it into the inner rod hydraulic chamber 39. The pressure of the hydraulic oil acts on the top of the cutting inner rod 37, driving the inner rod hydraulic chamber 39 to extend outward, thereby driving the ring cutter assembly to cut into the soil sample with a powerful thrust. After the cutting is completed, the high-pressure hydraulic oil of hydraulic pump station 5 is retracted, which can realize the inward retraction of the cutting inner rod 37. It can be used for ring cutter cutting of dense and hard soil samples, ensuring that the ring cutter cuts vertically at a constant speed, minimizing disturbance to the soil sample, and obtaining high-quality undisturbed soil samples. At the same time, the use of hydraulic hose 52 allows the hydraulic pipeline to bend flexibly when the cutting assembly 3 moves horizontally, ensuring the continuity of power transmission.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 10As shown, the hydraulic linkage assembly 6 includes a linkage outer tube 61, a linkage inner rod 62, and a movable pull rod 63. Part of the upper part of the linkage inner rod 62 is movably inserted into the linkage outer tube 61, and part of the lower part of the linkage inner rod 62 is movably inserted into the movable pull rod 63. The top end of the linkage outer tube 61 is fixedly connected to the cutting base plate 32, and the upper and lower ends of the linkage outer tube 61 are respectively connected to two oil supply branch pipes 27 of the hydraulic drive assembly. A piston 66 is fixedly connected to the top end of the linkage inner rod 62 inside the linkage outer tube 61. A hydraulic oil guide check valve 67 is connected to the piston 66 to control the flow direction of hydraulic oil. An upper limit ring 64 is fixedly connected to the rod inside 61. The bottom end of the movable pull rod 63 is fixedly connected to the ring cutter assembly. The bottom end of the linkage inner rod 62, located inside the movable pull rod 63, is fixedly connected to a bottom limit ring 65. The top end of the linkage outer tube 61 is fixedly connected to the cutting base plate 32, providing fixed support for the entire assembly. The bottom end of the movable pull rod 63 is fixedly connected to the ring cutter assembly and can move synchronously with the vertical movement of the ring cutter assembly. The linkage inner rod 62 serves as an intermediate transmission component. The upper limit ring 64 and the bottom limit ring 65 limit the relative travel of the movable pull rod 63 and the linkage inner rod 62. When the ring cutter assembly cuts the soil downwards, the movable pull rod 63 first moves downwards. The ring cutter moves until its top touches the bottom limit ring 65. During this process, the piston 66 and the inner linkage rod 62 have not yet moved. As the movable pull rod 63 continues to move downward, it drives the inner linkage rod 62 and the piston 66 to move downward as well. Under the action of the guide fluid check valve 67, the movement of the piston 66 will not affect the hydraulic circuit, thus achieving no linkage during the soil cutting process. When the soil cutting is completed and the ring cutter assembly retracts upward, the movable pull rod 63 moves upward first. At this time, the hydraulic circuit still will not produce linkage, ensuring that the ring cutter assembly can move vertically upward a certain distance first, so that the ring cutter assembly can move vertically upward to the upper limit plate 4. Above 1, the movable lever 63 pulls the linkage inner rod 62 upward together through the bottom limit ring 65. The piston 66 fixed to the top of the linkage inner rod 62 moves upward in the linkage outer tube 61, pushing the hydraulic oil in its upper chamber to be discharged through the upper oil supply branch pipe 27 and the inlet / outlet liquid check valve 28. This allows the telescopic inner rod 24 of one of the hydraulic drive components to extend outward. At the same time, a negative pressure is generated in its lower chamber, and hydraulic oil is drawn in through the lower oil supply branch pipe 27 and the inlet / outlet liquid check valve 28. This allows the telescopic inner rod 24 of the other hydraulic drive component to retract inward, realizing the horizontal displacement of the soil cutting component 3.

[0026] Furthermore, the linkage outer pipe 61, the telescopic outer pipe 23, and the connecting pipes between them are all filled with hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil flow direction controlled by the guide valve 67 is from bottom to top. The hydraulic oil flow direction of the inlet / outlet check valve 28 connected in series with the oil supply branch pipe 27 connected to the lower end of the linkage outer pipe 61 is input flow. The hydraulic oil flow direction of the inlet / outlet check valve 28 connected in series with the oil supply branch pipe 27 connected to the upper end of the linkage outer pipe 61 is output flow. When the ring cutter assembly moves up and down, it first drives the movable pull rod 63 to move accordingly. The guide valve 67 is set to flow from bottom to top. When the piston 66 moves downward in the linkage outer pipe 61, the hydraulic oil below it can be replenished to the top of the piston 66 through the guide valve 67, ensuring that the piston 66 can move smoothly downward. When the piston 66 has an upward tendency, the guide valve 67 will close, thereby realizing one-way control of the piston 66's movement direction. The hydraulic oil flow direction of the link outer pipe 61 connected to the lower end of the linkage outer pipe 61 is input flow. The inlet and outlet check valve 28 on the oil supply branch pipe 27 is set to input flow, meaning that hydraulic oil can only flow from this branch pipe into the lower end of the linkage outer pipe 61; while the inlet and outlet check valve 28 on the upper end of the oil supply branch pipe 27 is set to output flow, meaning that hydraulic oil can only flow from the upper end of the linkage outer pipe 61 to this branch pipe. The oil flow direction of the two branch pipes and the suction and discharge oil action when the piston 66 moves upward form a one-way hydraulic oil circulation loop. When the piston 66 moves upward, the linkage outer pipe 61 draws in hydraulic oil from the lower end and discharges hydraulic oil from the upper end at the same time. The discharged pressure oil is the power source for driving the extension of the telescopic inner rod 24 on one side, and the drawn-in pressure oil is the power source for driving the retraction of the telescopic inner rod 24 on the other side. When the ring cutter assembly moves up and down, it first drives the movable pull rod 63 to move, ensuring that in the retraction and upward movement stage, the movable pull rod 63 moves first, and after completing the empty stroke, it drives the piston 66 to move, so that the horizontal displacement of the soil cutting assembly 3 will be triggered in the second half of the retraction action.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 11As shown, the soil sample platform 4 also includes a bottom support plate 42, a jack 43, a limiting plate upright 44, and a positioning groove 46. The upper limiting plate 41 is vertically fixed to the base 1 at both ends via the limiting plate upright 44. The bottom support plate 42 is located directly below the upper limiting plate 41, and both ends of the bottom support plate 42 are slidably fitted onto the limiting plate upright 44. The jack 43 is fixed to the base 1 and supports the bottom support plate 42. The bottom support plate 42 has a positioning groove 46 directly below the ring cutter hole 45 in the upper limiting plate 41. The limiting plate upright 44 is vertically fixed between the base 1 and the upper limiting plate 41, serving as the bottom support plate. 42 provides a vertical lifting guide rail to ensure that the base plate 42 remains horizontal during the lifting process, thereby ensuring that a uniform clamping force is applied to the soil sample. During operation, larger undisturbed soil samples or remolded soil samples can be placed directly on the base plate 42. Then, the base plate 42 is driven to rise along the limit plate upright 44 by operating the jack 43 until the top of the soil sample is pressed against the bottom surface of the upper limit plate 41, effectively preventing the soil sample from shifting or rotating during the cutting process and ensuring sampling accuracy. The positioning groove 46 opened on the base plate 42 can match the shape of the soil sample, playing a role in positioning and anti-slip.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the ring cutter assembly includes a detachably sealed ring cutter 7 and a cutter cover 71. The cutter cover 71 is fixed to the bottom end of the inner cutting rod 37. The outer side of the top of the ring cutter 7 is provided with an external threaded ring 73, and the inner wall of the cutter cover 71 is provided with an internal threaded ring 72. The internal threaded ring 72 and the external threaded ring 73 are threadedly connected. The ring cutter 7 and the cutter cover 71 are detachably sealed through the internal threaded ring 72 and the external threaded ring 73. When conducting different tests or when it is necessary to replace the ring cutter 7 with a different specification, the operator only needs to screw the ring cutter 7 to quickly remove or install it from the cutter cover 71 fixed to the bottom end of the inner cutting rod 37, which shortens the test preparation time. At the same time, the threaded fit ensures that the ring cutter 7 and the cutter cover 71 will not loosen or rotate relative to each other during powerful hydraulic drive or manual cutting, ensuring the stability of the cutting direction.

[0029] Working principle: First, the soil sample to be cut is placed on the bottom support plate 42 of the soil sample base 4. By operating the jack 43, the bottom support plate 42 is driven to rise vertically along the limit plate upright 44 until the top of the soil sample is pressed against the bottom surface of the upper limit plate 41. The positioning groove 46 opened on the bottom support plate 42 matches the shape of the soil sample to play a positioning and anti-slip role, so that the soil sample is stably clamped below the ring cutter hole 45. Select the soil cutting mode according to the soil sample characteristics and test requirements. If the manual soil cutting mode is selected, tighten the inner rod locking bolt 38 on the outer rod of the soil cutting rod 33 to lock the inner rod 37 and the outer rod 33 of the soil cutting into a whole. At the same time, loosen the outer rod locking bolt 35 on the soil cutting base 31. At this time, the operator turns the hand crank 36. The hand crank 36 drives the gear 313 in the gear cavity 312 to rotate. The gear 313 meshes with the rack 314 on the outer rod of the soil cutting rod 33 to convert the rotational motion into the linear motion of the outer rod 33 of the soil cutting rod along the outer rod through hole 311 of the soil cutting base plate 32. This causes the locked inner rod 37 of the soil cutting rod and the ring cutter assembly connected to the bottom to move downward synchronously. The ring cutter 7 passes through the corresponding ring cutter through hole 45 on the upper limit plate 41 and cuts vertically into the soil sample to complete the manual soil cutting. If the hydraulic cutting mode is selected, tighten the outer rod locking bolt 35 to lock the cutting outer rod 33 on the cutting base 31, and at the same time loosen the inner rod locking bolt 38. Start the hydraulic pump station 5 fixed to the base 1. The hydraulic pump station 5 delivers high-pressure hydraulic oil to the hydraulic connector 310 at the upper end of the cutting outer rod 33 through the hydraulic conduit 51 and hydraulic hose 52. The hydraulic oil enters the inner rod hydraulic chamber 39 inside the cutting outer rod 33. The hydraulic oil pressure acts on the top of the cutting inner rod 37, which acts as a piston rod, driving the cutting inner rod 37 to extend downward in the inner rod hydraulic chamber 39. This drives the ring cutter assembly at the bottom to cut into the soil sample with constant hydraulic power. After the cutting is completed, the hydraulic pump station 5 reverses the oil supply to make the cutting inner rod 37 retract upward and reset. During the cutting process, the movable pull rod 63, fixed to the ring cutter assembly, moves synchronously with the ring cutter assembly. When the ring cutter assembly cuts downwards, the movable pull rod 63 moves downwards first until its top end touches the bottom limit ring 65, and then drives the inner linkage rod 62 and piston 66 to move downwards. Since the hydraulic oil flow direction controlled by the liquid guide check valve 67 on the piston 66 is from bottom to top, the hydraulic oil below is replenished to the top through the liquid guide check valve 67 when the piston 66 moves downwards. Therefore, it does not drive the hydraulic oil circuit connected to the outer linkage pipe 61, so that the hydraulic drive components on both sides are in a state of no hydraulic drive linkage, and the cutting proceeds smoothly. Component 3 remains in a fixed position to ensure vertical cutting accuracy. When the ring cutter assembly completes cutting and retracts upwards, the movable pull rod 63 first moves upwards for a short period to ensure that the ring cutter 7 is fully retracted above the upper limit plate 41. Then, the movable pull rod 63 pulls the inner linkage rod 62 upwards via the bottom limit ring 65. The piston 66, fixed to the top of the inner linkage rod 62, moves upwards within the outer linkage tube 61. Since the fluid guide check valve 67 is closed at this time, the piston 66 pushes the hydraulic oil in its upper chamber to be discharged through the oil supply branch pipe 27 connected to the upper end of the outer linkage tube 61. The inlet and outlet fluid guide valves connected in series on the oil supply branch pipe 27 are... Valve 28 controls the hydraulic oil flow direction to output flow. The discharged pressurized oil enters the telescopic outer pipe 23 of the hydraulic drive assembly on one side, driving its telescopic inner rod 24 to extend. At the same time, a negative pressure is generated in the chamber below the piston 66, drawing in hydraulic oil through the oil supply branch pipe 27 connected to the lower end of the linkage outer pipe 61. The inlet and outlet check valves 28 connected in series on the oil supply branch pipe 27 control the hydraulic oil flow direction to input flow. The suction action causes the telescopic inner rod 24 of the hydraulic drive assembly on the other side to retract. The ends of the telescopic inner rods 24 on both sides are fixedly connected to the cutting plate 32. Through the synergistic action of one extending and the other retracting, the entire cutting assembly is driven. The component 3, together with the cutting platform 31, moves horizontally along the limiting slide grooves 25 on both sides of the movable groove 22. The locking and locking of the limiting slider 34 and the limiting slide groove 25 ensures the smoothness of the linear movement. When the cutting component 3 moves to the next preset position, the ring cutter component below it is exactly aligned with another ring cutter through hole 45 opened on the upper limit plate 41. Thus, a complete cutting and automatic displacement cycle is completed. The operator can switch the hydraulic oil flow direction through the adjustment handle of the three-way regulating valve 21 to make the cutting component 3 move in the opposite direction. By repeating the above process, the same soil sample can be subjected to batch continuous ring cutter cutting test.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0031] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A geotechnical testing adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A support plate (2) is provided on the base (1), and a soil cutting assembly (3) is movably mounted on the support plate (2). The soil cutting assembly (3) includes a soil cutting outer rod (33) and a soil cutting inner rod (37) that are movably connected. A ring cutter assembly is connected to the bottom end of the soil cutting inner rod (37). The soil cutting outer rod (33) can be manually moved up and down when the soil cutting inner rod (37) is in the locked state, and the soil cutting inner rod (37) can be hydraulically driven to move up and down when the soil cutting outer rod (33) is in the locked state. The support plate (2) is fixedly connected to hydraulic drive components located on both sides of the soil cutting component (3). The bottom end of the soil cutting component (3) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic linkage component (6). The hydraulic linkage component (6) is linked with the hydraulic drive component. When the ring cutter component moves downward, the hydraulic linkage component (6) is in a state of no hydraulic drive linkage with the two hydraulic drive components. When the ring cutter component moves upward, the hydraulic linkage component (6) drives one of the hydraulic drive components to be in a hydraulic extension state and the other hydraulic drive component to be in a hydraulic contraction state. The base (1) is also provided with a soil sample platform (4), which includes an upper positioning plate (41). The upper positioning plate (41) has multiple ring cutter holes (45), and the opening position of the ring cutter holes (45) corresponds to the position directly below the position where the soil cutting component (3) is displaced each time.

2. The adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (2) is fixedly connected to the base (1) at both ends by vertically arranged support plate uprights (29). The support plate (2) has a movable groove (22) in the middle. The soil cutting component (3) is set in the movable groove (22). The long side walls of the movable groove (22) are provided with limiting slide grooves (25). The soil cutting component (3) includes limiting sliders (34) set on both sides. The limiting sliders (34) are movably locked in the limiting slide grooves (25).

3. The adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive assembly is offset on both short sides of the movable groove (22). The hydraulic drive assembly includes a telescopic outer tube (23) and a telescopic inner rod (24). The telescopic inner rod (24) is movably inserted into the telescopic outer tube (23), and the end of the telescopic inner rod (24) is fixedly connected to the soil cutting assembly (3). The body of the telescopic outer tube (23) is fixedly embedded in the support plate (2). The hydraulic drive assembly also includes an oil main pipe (26) and two oil branch pipes (27) embedded in the support plate (2). The oil main pipe (26) and the... The two oil supply branch pipes (27) are connected to a three-way regulating valve (21) at their connecting ends. The regulating handle of the three-way regulating valve (21) is located above the surface of the support plate (2). The other end of the main oil supply pipe (26) is connected to the tail end of the telescopic outer pipe (23). The other ends of the two oil supply branch pipes (27) are connected to the hydraulic linkage assembly (6). The bodies of the two oil supply branch pipes (27) are connected in series with inlet and outlet check valves (28) that control the one-way flow of hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil flow directions controlled by the two inlet and outlet check valves (28) are opposite.

4. The adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soil cutting assembly (3) further includes a soil cutting base (31) and a soil cutting base plate (32). The soil cutting base (31) is fixed to the top surface of the soil cutting base plate (32). The limiting slider (34) is fixed to both sides of the soil cutting base plate (32). The soil cutting base plate (32) is movably placed in the movable groove (22) through the locking connection between the limiting slider (34) and the limiting groove (25). The soil cutting outer rod (33) is connected to the soil cutting base (31) in a through-type fit. The center of the soil cutting base plate (32) is provided with a for penetrating... The outer rod of the cutting outer rod (33) has an outer rod through hole (311). The cutting base (31) is provided with an outer rod locking bolt (35). The outer rod locking bolt (35) is threaded through one side of the cutting base (31) and tightens to lock the cutting outer rod (33). The cutting outer rod (33) is provided with an inner rod locking bolt (38) on the rod body below the cutting base plate (32). The inner rod locking bolt (38) is threaded through one side of the cutting outer rod (33) and tightens to lock the cutting inner rod (37).

5. The adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutting base (31) has a gear cavity (312) located on one side of the cutting outer rod (33). A gear (313) is rotatably connected in the gear cavity (312). A rack (314) is provided on the rod body of the cutting outer rod (33) near the gear cavity (312). The gear (313) meshes with the rack (314). A hand crank (36) is rotatably connected to the outside of the cutting base (31), and the hand crank (36) is coaxially connected with the gear (313).

6. The adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer cutting rod (33) has an inner rod hydraulic cavity (39) for placing the inner cutting rod (37). The upper end of the outer cutting rod (33) is connected to a hydraulic connector (310) that communicates with the inner rod hydraulic cavity (39). A hydraulic pump station (5) located on one side of the support plate (2) is fixed on the base (1). The supply end of the hydraulic pump station (5) is connected to a hydraulic conduit (51). A hydraulic hose (52) is connected between the hydraulic conduit (51) and the hydraulic connector (310).

7. The adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic linkage assembly (6) includes a linkage outer tube (61), a linkage inner rod (62), and a movable pull rod (63). Part of the upper part of the linkage inner rod (62) is movably inserted into the linkage outer tube (61), and part of the lower part of the linkage inner rod (62) is movably inserted into the movable pull rod (63). The top end of the linkage outer tube (61) is fixedly connected to the cutting base plate (32), and the upper and lower ends of the linkage outer tube (61) are respectively connected to the two oil supply branches (27) of the hydraulic drive assembly. The linkage inner rod (62) is connected to a piston (66) at its top end inside the linkage outer tube (61). A hydraulic guide check valve (67) for controlling the flow of hydraulic oil is connected to the piston (66). An upper limit ring (64) is fixedly connected to the rod body of the linkage inner rod (62) inside the linkage outer tube (61). The bottom end of the movable pull rod (63) is fixedly connected to the ring cutter assembly. A bottom limit ring (65) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the linkage inner rod (62) inside the movable pull rod (63).

8. The adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The linkage outer pipe (61), the telescopic outer pipe (23), and the pipeline connecting the two are all filled with hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil controlled by the liquid guide check valve (67) flows from bottom to top. The hydraulic oil flowing through the inlet and outlet check valve (28) connected in series with the oil supply branch pipe (27) connected to the lower end of the linkage outer pipe (61) flows into the input direction. The hydraulic oil flowing through the inlet and outlet check valve (28) connected in series with the oil supply branch pipe (27) connected to the upper end of the linkage outer pipe (61) flows outward. When the ring cutter assembly moves up and down, it first drives the movable pull rod (63) to move accordingly.

9. The adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil sample base (4) also includes a bottom support plate (42), a jack (43), a limiting plate upright (44), and a positioning groove (46); the two ends of the upper limiting plate (41) are vertically fixed above the base (1) by the limiting plate upright (44), the bottom support plate (42) is located directly below the upper limiting plate (41), and the two ends of the bottom support plate (42) are slidably sleeved on the limiting plate upright (44), the jack (43) is fixed to the base (1) and supports the bottom support plate (42), and the bottom support plate (42) has a positioning groove (46) directly below the ring cutter hole (45) opened in the upper limiting plate (41).

10. The adaptive dual-mode ring cutter soil cutting system for geotechnical testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring cutter assembly includes a detachably sealed ring cutter (7) and a cutter cover (71). The cutter cover (71) is fixed to the bottom end of the cutting inner rod (37). The outer side of the top of the ring cutter (7) is provided with an external threaded ring (73), and the inner wall of the cutter cover (71) is provided with an internal threaded ring (72). The internal threaded ring (72) and the external threaded ring (73) are threadedly connected.

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