Actuator-free dual-power multi-mode driving system and vehicle

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of vehicle transmission technology, and particularly relates to a double-actuator-free dual-power multi-mode driving system and vehicle. The present application can realize full-automatic and non-intervention switching between torque coupling and rotational speed coupling modes by utilizing the inherent characteristics of one-way clutch based on the rotational speed difference direction through the coordinated control of the steering of two power sources, completely discarding the complex additional actuating mechanism and its control system required by the traditional mode switching, thereby greatly simplifying the system structure, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost, system weight and control complexity, and improving the reliability. The switching mechanism based on physical laws ensures that there is no power interruption or mechanical impact during the mode conversion process, ensuring the ultimate smoothness and driving comfort of the vehicle. Meanwhile, the system perfectly meets the dual requirements of low-speed large torque and high-speed high rotational speed of the vehicle, enabling the two power sources to work independently in their respective efficient intervals, effectively optimizing the vehicle power performance and improving the energy economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vehicle transmission technology, and particularly relates to an actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing emphasis on environmental protection and energy sustainability, electric vehicles have experienced rapid development as a crucial solution to replace traditional gasoline-powered vehicles. With their advantages such as zero emissions, high energy efficiency, and low noise, electric vehicles have become an important component of modern transportation systems. Their drive system, as a core component, directly determines the vehicle's power performance, driving range, and energy economy.

[0003] To meet the diverse needs of vehicles under complex driving conditions, such as the need for strong power and acceleration torque during start-up and the pursuit of high speed and low energy consumption during high-speed cruising, dual-power-source multi-mode drive technology has emerged. This technology aims to achieve optimal performance under different operating conditions by coupling the power of two power sources in different ways. Specifically, torque coupling mode superimposes the output torque of the two power sources to provide strong traction; while speed coupling mode synthesizes the speeds of the two power sources and allows each power source to operate independently in its efficient range, thereby optimizing the overall system efficiency.

[0004] However, existing multi-mode drive systems generally rely on additional operating mechanisms, such as extra clutches, synchronizers, and complex electronic or hydraulic actuators, to switch between torque-coupled and speed-coupled modes. This approach has inherent drawbacks: first, the additional actuators increase the complexity, size, and weight of the entire drive system, raising manufacturing costs; second, the complex control system increases the failure rate and maintenance difficulty; and most importantly, during mode switching, the movement of the mechanical actuators inevitably causes brief interruptions in power transmission or shift shocks, severely impacting vehicle smoothness and driving comfort. These shortcomings limit the full potential of existing multi-mode drive systems and the expansion of their application capabilities.

[0005] In summary, existing dual-power multi-mode drive systems rely on complex additional actuators that require external control to achieve mode switching, resulting in a bloated system structure, challenges to control reliability, high costs, and inherent problems with poor smoothness during the switching process.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system and vehicle to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system and vehicle to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0009] A actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system includes a fixed part and a first power source, a second power source, a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, and a third planetary gear set disposed within the fixed part;

[0010] Wherein, the output shaft of the first power source is coaxially fixed with the sun gear of the first planetary gear set and the sun gear of the second planetary gear set;

[0011] The output shaft of the second power source is coaxially fixed with the gear ring of the second planetary gear set;

[0012] Both the first power source and the second power source have forward and reverse rotation functions;

[0013] The planet carrier of the first planetary set is coaxially fixed with the planet carrier of the second planetary set and the sun gear of the third planetary set;

[0014] The gear ring of the third planetary set is fixedly installed, and the planet carrier of the third planetary set serves as the output shaft;

[0015] It also includes a one-way clutch, wherein the fixed end of the one-way clutch is fixedly connected to the fixed part, and the movable end of the one-way clutch is coaxially fixed to the gear ring of the first planetary gear set.

[0016] The movable end of the one-way clutch rotates in the forward direction and locks in the reverse direction.

[0017] The forward rotation direction of the movable end of the one-way clutch is the same as the forward rotation direction of the first power source.

[0018] Optionally, when the moving end of the one-way clutch rotates in the forward direction, the drive system is in speed coupling drive mode; when the moving end of the one-way clutch is locked in the reverse direction, the drive system is in torque coupling drive mode.

[0019] Optionally, the first planetary gear set includes a first gear ring, a first planet carrier, a first sun gear, and a first planet gear;

[0020] The first gear ring is coaxially fixed to the movable end of the one-way clutch;

[0021] The first planet carrier and the planet carrier of the second planet set are fixed coaxially;

[0022] The first sun gear is fixed coaxially with the output shaft of the first power source;

[0023] The first sun gear and the second planetary gear are fixed coaxially.

[0024] The first planetary gear is rotatably engaged with the first planetary carrier, and the first planetary gear is meshed between the first sun gear and the first gear ring.

[0025] Optionally, the second planetary gear set includes a second ring gear, a second planet carrier, a second sun gear, and second planet gears;

[0026] The second sun gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first sun gear;

[0027] The second planetary carrier is coaxially fixed to the first planetary carrier;

[0028] The second planetary carrier is coaxially and fixedly connected to the sun gear of the third planetary array;

[0029] The second planetary gear is rotatably engaged with the second planetary carrier;

[0030] The second planetary gear is meshed between the second ring gear and the second sun gear;

[0031] The second gear ring is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the second power source.

[0032] Optionally, the third planetary gear set includes a third gear ring, a third planet carrier, a third sun gear, and a third planet gear;

[0033] The third gear ring is fixedly connected to the fixing part;

[0034] The third sun gear is coaxially fixed to the second planetary carrier;

[0035] The third planetary carrier is coaxially fixed to the output shaft;

[0036] The third planetary carrier rotates in conjunction with the third planetary gear.

[0037] The third planetary gear is engaged between the third sun gear and the third planet carrier.

[0038] Optionally, the fixing part is a housing.

[0039] Optionally, the first power source is an electric motor.

[0040] Optionally, the second power source is an electric motor.

[0041] A vehicle comprising the aforementioned actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system.

[0042] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: By combining a three-row planetary gear mechanism with a one-way clutch in a specific connection, the present invention can achieve fully automatic and intervention-free switching between torque coupling and speed coupling modes by simply coordinating the steering of the two power sources and utilizing the inherent characteristics of the one-way clutch based on the direction of speed difference. This completely eliminates the complex additional actuators and control systems required for traditional mode switching, thereby greatly simplifying the system structure, significantly reducing manufacturing costs, system weight and control complexity, and improving reliability. This switching mechanism based on physical laws ensures that there is no power interruption or mechanical shock during the mode switching process, guaranteeing the ultimate smoothness and driving comfort of the vehicle. At the same time, the system perfectly balances the vehicle's dual needs for low-speed high torque and high-speed high RPM, allowing the two power sources to work independently in their respective high-efficiency ranges, effectively optimizing the overall vehicle power performance and improving energy economy. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a force analysis diagram of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the power transmission in the torque coupling mode of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a power transmission diagram of the rotational speed coupling mode of the present invention;

[0048] The components are: 1. One-way clutch; 2. Housing; 3. First gear ring; 4. First planetary carrier; 5. First sun gear; 6. First planetary gear; 7. Second gear ring; 8. Second planetary carrier; 9. Second sun gear; 10. Second planetary gear; 11. Third gear ring; 12. Third planetary carrier; 13. Third sun gear; 14. Third planetary gear; 15. Output shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The present invention discloses an actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system, including a fixed part and a first power source, a second power source, a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set and a third planetary gear set disposed in the fixed part;

[0052] Among them, the output shaft of the first power source is coaxially fixed with the sun gear of the first planetary gear set and the sun gear of the second planetary gear set;

[0053] The output shaft of the second power source is fixed coaxially with the gear ring of the second planetary gear set;

[0054] Both the first and second power sources have forward and reverse rotation functions;

[0055] The planet carrier of the first planetary set is coaxially fixed with the planet carrier of the second planetary set and the sun gear of the third planetary set;

[0056] The gear ring of the third planetary gear set is fixed, and the planet carrier of the third planetary gear set serves as the output shaft;

[0057] It also includes a one-way clutch 1, the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the fixed part, and the movable end of which is coaxially fixed with the gear ring of the first planetary gear set.

[0058] The moving end of the one-way clutch 1 rotates in the forward direction and locks in the reverse direction;

[0059] The forward rotation direction of the moving end of the one-way clutch 1 is the same as the forward rotation direction of the first power source.

[0060] As an optional implementation, when the moving end of the one-way clutch 1 rotates in the forward direction, the drive system is in speed coupling drive mode; when the moving end of the one-way clutch 1 is locked in the reverse direction, the drive system is in torque coupling drive mode.

[0061] The fixed section provides support for the entire system and integrates the first power source, the second power source, the first planetary gear set, the second planetary gear set, the third planetary gear set, and the core one-way clutch 1. This system achieves fully automatic and intervention-free switching between torque coupling and speed coupling operating modes by coordinating the steering of the first and second power sources and cooperating with the one-way clutch 1.

[0062] Specifically, when the vehicle requires high torque output to handle conditions such as starting and climbing, the system controls the first power source to rotate in reverse and the second power source to rotate in forward. At this time, the moving end of the one-way clutch 1, which is coaxially fixed with the ring gear of the first planetary gear set, exhibits a reverse rotation tendency, and the one-way clutch 1 immediately locks, thereby constraining the ring gear of the first planetary gear set to the fixed part through the fixed end of the one-way clutch 1. In this state, the power of the first power source is directly transmitted from its output shaft to the sun gear of the first planetary gear set and the sun gear of the second planetary gear set; the power of the second power source is transmitted from its output shaft to the ring gear of the second planetary gear set. The two power sources converge and superimpose torque on the planet carrier of the second planetary gear set, and then are transmitted to the sun gear of the third planetary gear set. Since the ring gear of the third planetary gear set is fixedly mounted on the fixed part, the power is decelerated and amplified by the third planetary gear set, and finally outputs a strong torque by the planet carrier of the third planetary gear set as the output shaft. This is the torque coupling drive mode.

[0063] Conversely, when the vehicle enters high-speed cruising mode, requiring high speed and optimized energy efficiency, the system controls the first and second power sources to rotate in the same direction. At this time, the moving end of the one-way clutch 1 exhibits a forward rotation trend consistent with the forward rotation direction of the first power source, and the one-way clutch 1 is in the disengaged state, allowing the ring gear of the first planetary gear set to rotate freely. The power from the two power sources is mainly combined in the second planetary gear set, and then transmitted to the output shaft via the third planetary gear set, achieving high-speed output and enabling the two power sources to operate independently in their high-efficiency range; this is the speed-coupled drive mode.

[0064] This mode-switching mechanism, based on physical principles, brings significant technological benefits: First, it eliminates the need for traditional clutches, synchronizers, and other auxiliary actuators and their control systems. It achieves autonomous and smooth mode switching using only a single one-way clutch and dual-power-source steering control, greatly simplifying the system structure, reducing manufacturing costs, weight, and control complexity, and improving reliability. Second, the switching process is free from any power interruption or mechanical shock, ensuring excellent vehicle smoothness and driving comfort. Finally, the system perfectly balances the vehicle's dual requirements for low-speed high torque and high-speed high efficiency. By optimizing the operating point of the power source, it effectively improves the overall vehicle's power performance and energy economy.

[0065] As an optional implementation, the first planetary gear set includes a first gear ring 3, a first planet carrier 4, a first sun gear 5, and a first planet gear 6;

[0066] The first gear ring 3 is coaxially fixed to the movable end of the one-way clutch 1;

[0067] The first planet carrier 4 is coaxially fixed with the planet carrier of the second planet row;

[0068] The first sun gear 5 is fixed coaxially with the output shaft of the first power source;

[0069] The first sun gear 5 is fixed coaxially with the sun gear of the second planetary gear set;

[0070] The first planetary gear 6 is rotatably engaged with the first planetary carrier 4, and the first planetary gear 6 is meshed between the first sun gear 5 and the first gear ring 3.

[0071] The first sun gear 5 serves as the core input component, being fixedly connected to both the output shaft of the first power source and the sun gear of the second planetary gear set, directly receiving and distributing power. Power is transmitted via the first sun gear 5 to the first planetary gear 6, which meshes with it. The rotation of the first planetary gear 6 drives the first planetary carrier 4 to output power to the planetary carrier of the second planetary gear set, and also acts on the first ring gear 3. The first ring gear 3 is fixedly connected to the moving end of the one-way clutch 1. Its free or locked motion directly determines the system's operating mode: when the one-way clutch 1 is locked, the first ring gear 3 is fixed, and the first planetary gear set forms a fixed-axis gear train, realizing the power transmission path required for torque coupling and outputting high torque; when the one-way clutch 1 is released, the first ring gear 3 can rotate freely, and the first planetary gear set participates in speed synthesis, realizing a speed coupling mode.

[0072] As an optional implementation, the second planetary gear set includes a second gear ring 7, a second planet carrier 8, a second sun gear 9, and a second planet gear 10;

[0073] The second sun gear 9 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first sun gear 5;

[0074] The second planetary carrier 8 is coaxially fixed to the first planetary carrier 4;

[0075] The second planetary carrier 8 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the sun gear of the third planetary carrier;

[0076] The second planetary gear 10 is in rotational engagement with the second planetary carrier 8;

[0077] The second planetary gear 10 is meshed between the second gear ring 7 and the second sun gear 9;

[0078] The second gear ring 7 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the second power source.

[0079] Power from the first power source is directly input to the second sun gear 9 via the first sun gear 5, which is coaxially fixed to it. Simultaneously, power from the second power source is input via the second ring gear 7, which is coaxially fixed to it. The two power sources converge inside the second planetary gear set: the rotation of the second sun gear 9 and the second ring gear 7 jointly drives the second planet gear 10, which meshes with them. The movement of the second planet gear 10, in turn, drives the rotation of the second planet carrier 8. The second planet carrier 8, as a key output component, is coaxially fixed to the first planet carrier 4 to achieve mechanism linkage, and also directly outputs the synthesized power to the sun gear of the third planetary gear set, ultimately transmitting it to the system output.

[0080] As an optional implementation, the third planetary gear set includes a third gear ring 11, a third planet carrier 12, a third sun gear 13, and a third planet gear 14;

[0081] The third gear ring 11 is fixedly connected to the fixing part;

[0082] The third sun gear 13 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second planetary carrier 8;

[0083] The third planetary carrier 12 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft 15;

[0084] The third planet carrier 12 and the third planet gear 14 rotate in coordination;

[0085] The third planetary gear 14 is engaged between the third sun gear 13 and the third planet carrier 12.

[0086] The third planetary gear set, serving as the terminal reduction and output mechanism of this drive system, operates as follows: Power from the second planetary carrier 8 is directly input to the coaxially fixed third sun gear 13. Since the third ring gear 11 is fixed to the stationary part and thus fully constrained, the input power forces the third sun gear 13 to drive the meshing third planet gear 14. The rotation of the third planet gear 14, in turn, drives the third planetary carrier 12 to rotate around its central axis. Finally, the third planetary carrier 12 outputs the reduced-speed, torque-amplified power through the coaxially fixed output shaft 15.

[0087] The third planetary gear set constitutes a classic reduction planetary gear mechanism. The fixed third ring gear 11 ensures that the system can obtain a constant reduction ratio in both operating modes, thereby significantly increasing the output torque and meeting the driving requirements of the vehicle. At the same time, it smoothly and reliably transmits the power coupled from the front mechanism. Its compact structure and direct connection with the second planetary gear set and output shaft 15 ensure the efficiency and smoothness of the entire system's power transmission path.

[0088] As an optional implementation, the fixing part is the housing 2.

[0089] The third gear ring 11 is fixedly connected to the housing 2. The fixed end of the one-way clutch 1 is fixedly connected to the housing 2. The first gear ring 3, the first planet carrier 4, the first sun gear 5, the second gear ring 7, the second planet carrier 8, the second sun gear 9, the third gear ring 11, the third planet carrier 12, the third sun gear 13, and the output shaft 15 are rotatably disposed within the housing 2.

[0090] As an alternative implementation, the first power source is an electric motor.

[0091] As an optional implementation, the second power source is an electric motor.

[0092] The specific working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0093] The planetary gear mechanism consists of a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, and a third planetary gear set. It is used to achieve power coupling between the first power source and the second power source, and automatically switches between two operating modes—torque coupling mode and speed coupling mode—through a one-way clutch 1. The mode switching logic is shown in the table below:

[0094] Table 1 Mode Switching Logic Table

[0095] Work mode One-way clutch MA MB Torque-coupled drive mode Lock Reversal Forward Speed-coupled drive mode open Forward Forward

[0096] Automatic switching between torque-coupled drive mode and speed-coupled drive mode is achieved through the speed difference direction at both ends of one-way clutch 1. When the first power source rotates in reverse and the second power source rotates in forward, the speed difference at both ends of one-way clutch 1 is reversed, and one-way clutch 1 is locked, achieving torque-coupled drive mode, providing the vehicle with greater output torque and higher transmission efficiency; when the first power source rotates forward and the second power source rotates forward, the speed difference at both ends of one-way clutch 1 is forward, and one-way clutch 1 is released, achieving speed-coupled drive mode, providing the vehicle with greater driving speed and higher transmission efficiency. The application of one-way clutch 1 makes mode switching quick and convenient.

[0097] Kinematic analysis was performed based on mode switching logic: When conducting kinematic analysis of the designed configuration, a lever graph theory model was used to simplify the planetary gear mechanism. This model equates the planetary gear mechanism to a lever, using the nodes of the lever to represent the central rotating component of the planetary gear mechanism, and the lever length relationship to represent the characteristic parameters of the planetary gear mechanism, namely the ratio of the number of teeth between the ring gear and the sun gear. This method can accurately and intuitively represent the rotational speed relationship between the sun gear, planet carrier, and ring gear, facilitating the dynamic analysis of complex transmission systems based on planetary gear mechanisms. The lever diagram for this scheme is attached. Figure 2 As shown.

[0098] The kinematic equations for the rotational speed coupling mode can be obtained from the four-point lever diagram:

[0099]

[0100] The kinematic equations for the torque coupling mode can be obtained from the four-point lever diagram:

[0101]

[0102] in, The characteristic coefficients of the left planetary gear mechanism are... The characteristic coefficients of the intermediate planetary gear mechanism are... The characteristic coefficients of the planetary gear mechanism on the right are... The input speed of the motor is MA. The input speed of motor MB. For output speed, This represents the input torque of the motor, MA. This represents the input torque of motor MB. This is the output torque.

[0103] The power flow direction under torque coupling and speed coupling modes is analyzed based on the kinematic equations. The power flow direction under torque coupling mode is shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown, the power of motor MA is input to the sun gear of the first planetary gear set, and output through the planet carrier of the first planetary gear set, the planet carrier of the second planetary gear set, the sun gear of the third planetary gear set, and the planet carrier of the third planetary gear set; the power of motor MB is input to the ring gear of the second planetary gear set, and output through the planet carrier of the second planetary gear set, the sun gear of the third planetary gear set, and the planet carrier of the third planetary gear set. There is no power cycle in this process.

[0104] The power flow direction in the speed coupling mode is shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 As shown, the power of motor MA is input to the sun gear of the first planetary gear set and the sun gear of the second planetary gear set, and output through the planet carrier of the first planetary gear set, the planet carrier of the second planetary gear set, the sun gear of the third planetary gear set, and the planet carrier of the third planetary gear set; the power of motor MB is input to the ring gear of the second planetary gear set, and output through the planet carrier of the second planetary gear set, the sun gear of the third planetary gear set, and the planet carrier of the third planetary gear set. There is no power cycle in this process.

[0105] Compared to a drive system, this invention has the following advantages:

[0106] (1) The present invention adopts a three-planetary gear set planetary gear mechanism, which has the advantages of compact structure, smooth transmission, high efficiency and wide speed ratio range. At the same time, the innovative introduction of a one-way clutch structure effectively simplifies the transmission system, which not only improves the space utilization rate, but also provides greater convenience for the overall vehicle chassis layout.

[0107] (2) This invention has two working modes: torque coupling and speed coupling, which can realize dual-motor torque coupling drive and dual-motor speed coupling drive. In the dual-motor torque coupling drive mode, the torque of the two power sources is coupled, which can achieve a larger torque range and output a larger torque to improve the starting acceleration and hill-climbing acceleration performance of electric vehicles; in the dual-motor speed coupling drive mode, the speed of the two power sources is coupled, which makes the two power sources work in the optimal working range as much as possible, improves the driving efficiency of the two power sources, achieves higher speed output, and improves the power and economy of electric vehicles.

[0108] (3) The mode switching mechanism of the present invention eliminates the complex independent operating mechanism and uses only a one-way clutch. Through the coordinated control of the dual-motor steering, the system can switch between speed and torque coupling modes autonomously and smoothly. There is no power interruption in this process, and the speed of each component is continuous, which significantly improves the smoothness of switching and the handling quality of the whole vehicle.

[0109] A vehicle comprising the aforementioned actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system.

[0110] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0111] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system, characterized in that, It includes a fixed part and a first power source, a second power source, a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, and a third planetary gear set disposed within the fixed part; Wherein, the output shaft of the first power source is coaxially fixed with the sun gear of the first planetary gear set and the sun gear of the second planetary gear set; The output shaft of the second power source is coaxially fixed with the gear ring of the second planetary gear set; Both the first power source and the second power source have forward and reverse rotation functions; The planet carrier of the first planetary set is coaxially fixed with the planet carrier of the second planetary set and the sun gear of the third planetary set; The gear ring of the third planetary set is fixedly installed, and the planet carrier of the third planetary set serves as the output shaft; It also includes a one-way clutch (1), the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the fixed part, and the movable end of which is coaxially fixed to the gear ring of the first planetary gear set; The movable end of the one-way clutch (1) rotates in the forward direction and locks in the reverse direction; The forward rotation direction of the movable end of the one-way clutch (1) is consistent with the forward rotation direction of the first power source.

2. The actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the moving end of the one-way clutch (1) rotates in the forward direction, the drive system is in speed coupling drive mode; when the moving end of the one-way clutch (1) is locked in the reverse direction, the drive system is in torque coupling drive mode.

3. The actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first planetary gear set includes a first gear ring (3), a first planet carrier (4), a first sun gear (5), and a first planet gear (6); The first gear ring (3) is coaxially fixed to the movable end of the one-way clutch (1); The first planet carrier (4) is coaxially fixed with the planet carrier of the second planetary row; The first sun gear (5) is fixed coaxially with the output shaft of the first power source; The first sun gear (5) is fixed coaxially with the sun gear of the second planetary gear set; The first planetary gear (6) rotates with the first planetary carrier (4), and the first planetary gear (6) is meshed between the first sun gear (5) and the first gear ring (3).

4. The actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second planetary gear set includes a second gear ring (7), a second planet carrier (8), a second sun gear (9), and a second planet gear (10); The second sun gear (9) is coaxially fixed to the first sun gear (5); The second planetary carrier (8) is coaxially fixed to the first planetary carrier (4); The second planetary carrier (8) is coaxially fixed to the sun gear of the third planetary array; The second planetary gear (10) rotates in conjunction with the second planetary carrier (8); The second planetary gear (10) is meshed between the second gear ring (7) and the second sun gear (9); The second gear ring (7) is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the second power source.

5. The actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third planetary gear set includes a third gear ring (11), a third planet carrier (12), a third sun gear (13), and a third planet gear (14). The third gear ring (11) is fixedly connected to the fixing part; The third sun gear (13) is coaxially fixed to the second planet carrier (8); The third planetary carrier (12) is coaxially fixed to the output shaft (15). The third planetary carrier (12) is rotatably engaged with the third planetary gear (14); The third planetary gear (14) is engaged between the third sun gear (13) and the third planetary carrier (12).

6. The actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing part is the housing (2).

7. The actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first power source is an electric motor.

8. The actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second power source is an electric motor.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes an actuator-free dual-power multi-mode drive system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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