A method for recycling garden greening waste
By classifying garden and landscaping waste into Class A and Class B materials, and combining multi-dimensional detection and dynamic turning parameter adjustment, the problems of low detection accuracy and inaccurate turning control in existing technologies have been solved, thereby achieving uniform mixing of materials and improved composting efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ANHUI CONSTR ENG ECOLOGICAL TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing aerobic composting technologies for landscaping waste suffer from problems such as limited detection dimensions, uneven material mixing, imprecise turning and control, and low composting efficiency.
By classifying materials into Class A and Class B, controlling the moisture content of the mixture, and combining temperature, humidity, oxygen content, image color depth, and leachate characteristics, the turning parameters are dynamically adjusted to achieve multi-dimensional detection and precise turning.
It achieves uniform mixing of materials and accurate determination of the composting state, reduces energy consumption and the load on the compost turner, and improves composting efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN122145202A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of landscaping technology, specifically a method for the resource-based treatment of landscaping waste. Background Technology
[0002] Resource-based treatment of landscaping waste is a crucial aspect of urban ecological environmental protection. Aerobic composting, which can convert waste into organic fertilizer, has become the mainstream treatment method. However, existing aerobic composting technologies for landscaping waste still have the following shortcomings: Firstly, existing technologies mostly rely on manual sampling at fixed points to detect the temperature, humidity, and oxygen concentration of compost piles. The detection dimensions are singular and the coverage is limited, making it difficult to fully reflect the overall condition of the pile. Secondly, existing technologies fail to effectively combine key indicators such as leachate characteristics and material color depth, resulting in uneven material mixing, an imbalance in the carbon-nitrogen ratio, and an impact on microbial activity. Third, the existing turning and control system does not dynamically adjust according to the composting stage and the state of materials in the area, resulting in insufficient or excessive turning, leading to low composting efficiency and serious energy waste. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for the resource-based treatment of landscaping waste. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for the resource-based treatment of garden and landscaping waste, which solves the problems of low accuracy in compost testing, inaccurate turning and control, and uneven composting in existing methods.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for the resource-based treatment of landscaping waste, comprising: S1. The collected waste is divided into Category A materials and Category B materials. Category A materials are high-carbon materials with a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio ≥ 25:1, and Category B materials are high-nitrogen materials with a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio ≤ 20:1. S2. Crush the A-type material into particles with a diameter of 5-10 cm using a pulverizer, and then mix them according to the ratio of A-type material: B-type material = Q:1. During the mixing process, the moisture content of the mixed material is controlled at 55%-60%, where Q∈[10,30]. S3. The mixed materials are piled into a long strip of manure pile with a height of 1.2-1.5 meters and a width of 1.5-2 meters. A 10-centimeter-thick layer of chopped straw or branches is laid at the bottom of the manure pile. The turning unit sets preset conditions based on three-dimensional parameters: temperature, humidity, oxygen content, and image color depth value. Accurate control is achieved by dynamically adjusting the turning operation parameters. S4. When the temperature of the compost pile is the same as the ambient temperature and no longer rises, it is determined that the composting stage has been reached. The composted material is then screened through a sieve with a mesh size of 5-10 mm to remove large impurities that have not been completely decomposed, thus obtaining the finished organic fertilizer product.
[0005] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the turning unit includes a turning machine and a spraying machine.
[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific operation of setting preset conditions based on temperature and humidity is as follows: Within 3-15 days of composting, the moisture content of the compost pile needs to be maintained between 55% and 60%. On this basis, when the center temperature of the compost pile exceeds 65℃, the turning unit should be activated to turn the compost pile. If the temperature of the compost pile drops to 30℃-40℃ after 15 days of composting, the compost pile should be turned over every 10-20 days. If the temperature of the compost pile does not reach 55℃ or above after 2-3 days of composting, it is judged to be an imbalance of carbon-nitrogen ratio or insufficient moisture content. First, add 5%-10% of Category B materials. After 24 hours, test the temperature and humidity of the compost pile again. If the temperature still does not meet the requirements, then humidify the compost pile.
[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific operation of setting preset conditions based on oxygen content is as follows: Within 3-15 days of composting, the oxygen content of the compost pile needs to be maintained at 15%-20% and the temperature at 55℃-65℃. The turning unit should be activated every 5-7 days. If the core temperature of the compost pile is below 55℃ and does not rise for 3-5 hours, or if the oxygen content of the compost pile is below 10%, the turning unit should be activated immediately to replenish oxygen. After 15 days of composting, when the temperature of the compost pile drops to 30℃-40℃, start turning the compost pile every 10-20 days. If the oxygen content of the compost pile is detected to be below 10% during this period, start turning the compost pile immediately.
[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, in step S3, the composting site is divided into several equal parts, each part is designated as a sub-region, the leachate of each sub-region is collected separately by a collection system, and the collected leachate is treated by a treatment system.
[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the processing system includes a central controller, an information receiving unit, and an information storage unit.
[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific operation of processing the collected leachate data from each sub-region using a central controller is as follows: Calculate the average leachate generation of all sub-regions, calculate the deviation ratio = (generation of a single sub-region - average) / average, pre-set deviation ratio thresholds a and b, and construct sub-region assignment level rules, where a < b; The time for turning over is adjusted based on the level corresponding to the sub-region. The specific operation is as follows: The baseline turning time for the entire composting cycle is set as T, and a stage correction coefficient β is set according to the stage of composting. For each sub-region, based on the specific deviation ratio of its leachate production, the dynamic control coefficient k and the base value of the turning time are calculated within the corresponding assignment level: when it is level L0, k=1; when it is level L1, k=1+|deviation ratio|×(0.2 / (ba)); when it is level L2, k=1.2+(|deviation ratio|-b)×(0.3 / (1-b)); after obtaining k for the three levels, the base value of the turning time is calculated as T×β×k; The spatial positioning module identifies the adjacent sub-regions of each sub-region, counts the number n of the number of sub-regions with a deviation level greater than or equal to the current sub-region level in the associated regions, sets a spatial weight coefficient w, and adds it to the base value of the heap turning time. The final heap turning time = base value of heap turning time × (1 + w × n), where w is the spatial association weight, and the heap turning time ∈ [0.8T, 5T].
[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention, the sub-region assignment level rule specifically includes: When the percolation deviation ratio of a single sub-region is ∈ [-a, a], the corresponding assignment level is L0; When the leachate production of a single sub-region is lower than the average and the deviation ratio is ∈ [-b,-a), or when the leachate production of a single sub-region is higher than the average and the deviation ratio is ∈ (a,b), the corresponding assignment level is L1. When the leachate generation of a single sub-region is lower than the average and the deviation ratio is <-b, or when the leachate generation of a single sub-region is higher than the average and the deviation ratio is >b, the corresponding assignment level is L2. The order of magnitudes among the three levels is: L2 > L1 > L0.
[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific operation of setting preset conditions based on image color depth values is as follows: Each sub-region is evenly divided into several unit regions of equal area. Each unit region is sampled separately by an image acquisition unit. After sampling, the color depth value of the image is calculated. The image acquisition unit includes a high-definition camera and a GIS positioning module. Sort the color depth values of all unit regions in all sub-regions calculated above in ascending order, select the top 10% of unit regions as extreme anomaly units, and record the sub-regions to which each extreme anomaly unit belongs to form a sub-region-extreme anomaly unit correspondence list. The number of extreme abnormal units in each sub-region is counted, and the sub-regions are sorted in descending order of the number. The sub-regions with the highest number of units (P) are selected as key control sub-regions, and the remaining sub-regions are regular control sub-regions, where P ≤ 20%. Adjust the turning time according to the composting stage and sub-area type, specifically including: The composting period is 3-15 days. For routine control sub-areas, the turnover time T is followed. For key control sub-areas, the turnover machine operates at 0.8 times the normal speed, and the operation path covers the entire sub-area. After 15 days of composting, for the regular control sub-area, the benchmark turning time T is followed; for the key control sub-area, the turning machine operates at the regular speed, but the turning depth is increased by 15-20cm compared to the regular speed.
[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific steps for calculating the color depth value of an image are as follows: The image hue value H is extracted using the HSV color space, and based on the characteristics of compost materials, preset hue ranges are defined as follows: a range specific to type A materials, a range specific to type B materials, and a range specific to matured materials. The specific steps for calculating the matching score S between the image's hue value H and the preset hue range are as follows: Calculate the midpoints of the dedicated intervals for Category A materials, Category B materials, and matured materials; Calculate the absolute value of the distance between the image hue value H and the midpoint of the three intervals, select the interval corresponding to the midpoint with the smallest distance as the closest exclusive interval for H, and if the distances are equal, the interval of decomposed material is matched first by default. If H falls within the closest exclusive interval, the matching score S is 100; if H falls outside the closest exclusive interval, the matching score S is calculated as 100 - the absolute value of the distance between H and the midpoint of the closest exclusive interval × 2. If the obtained matching score S < 0, the matching score S is 0. Convert the image to grayscale and calculate the average grayscale value Gr. Calculate the grayscale deviation score G = 100 × e^[-Q × (|Gr - Grbase| / Grmax)^q], where Grbase is the global baseline grayscale value, Grmax is the upper limit of the grayscale value, Q is a positive coefficient, q is the nonlinear intensity coefficient, and Gr and Grbase are both ∈ [0, Grmax]. The color depth value of the image is calculated as (S+G) / 2, and its value range is [0,100].
[0014] This invention provides a method for the resource-based treatment of landscaping waste, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: (1) This invention combines multiple parameters such as temperature and humidity, oxygen content, leachate characteristics and image color depth, and through sub-region division and unit-level sampling analysis, it accurately identifies the differences in material aggregation areas and composting states. At the same time, the turning parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual state, effectively promoting uniform mixing of materials and ensuring a stable fermentation environment. (2) This invention achieves accurate determination of material type and degree of composting by quantitative analysis of image color depth and classification of leachate deviation, and avoids local under-composting or over-composting by combining a phased turning strategy. (3) This invention focuses on the core problem areas by controlling the selection of sub-regions, thereby reducing ineffective operations and lowering the load and energy consumption of the turning machine. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Fig. 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of the present invention; Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the processing system structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0017] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a method for the resource-based treatment of garden and greening waste; As an embodiment of this application, the specific steps include the following: S1. The collected waste is divided into Category A materials and Category B materials. Category A materials are high-carbon materials with a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio ≥ 25:1, and Category B materials are high-nitrogen materials with a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio ≤ 20:1. S2. Crush the A-type material into particles with a diameter of 5-10 cm using a pulverizer, and then mix them according to the ratio of A-type material: B-type material = Q:1. During the mixing process, the moisture content of the mixed material is controlled at 55%-60%, where Q∈[10,30]. S3. The mixed materials are piled into a long strip of manure pile with a height of 1.2-1.5 meters and a width of 1.5-2 meters. A 10-centimeter-thick layer of chopped straw or branches is laid at the bottom of the manure pile. The turning unit sets preset conditions based on four dimensions of parameters: temperature and humidity, oxygen content, leachate characteristics and image color depth. Accurate control is achieved by dynamically adjusting the turning operation parameters. S4. When the temperature of the compost pile is the same as the ambient temperature and no longer rises, it is determined that the composting stage has been reached. The composted material is then screened through a sieve with a mesh size of 5-10 mm to remove large impurities that have not been completely decomposed, thus obtaining the finished organic fertilizer product.
[0018] As a second embodiment of this application, it is implemented based on the first embodiment, except that this embodiment includes: S1. Classify the collected waste into Category A and Category B materials. Specifically, the collection objects are green waste such as dead branches, fallen leaves, weeds, pruned branches, and bark. During the collection process, waste that has been sprayed with herbicides or pesticides should be cleaned or left to stand for at least one month before it can be used for subsequent composting. Waste is classified according to carbon-nitrogen ratio. High-carbon materials include dead branches, fallen leaves, bark, sawdust, etc., which mainly provide carbon elements and have the characteristics of slow decomposition and low leachate production. In this embodiment, high-carbon materials correspond to Class A materials. High-nitrogen materials include fresh weeds, tender branches and leaves, and withered flowers, which mainly provide nitrogen. They are characterized by rapid decomposition and large leachate production. In this embodiment, high-nitrogen materials correspond to Category B materials. In landscaping, dead branches, bark, sawdust, and fallen leaves naturally have a high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. For example, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of dead branches is 60-100:1, and that of sawdust is 100-200:1. Setting a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of ≥25:1 can accurately identify these materials that are high in carbon, low in nitrogen, and decompose slowly, thus avoiding confusion with high-nitrogen materials. Fresh weeds, tender branches and leaves, and withered flowers in landscaping have a naturally low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. For example, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of withered flowers is 10-18:1. Setting the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio to ≤20:1 can accurately identify this type of material with high nitrogen content, low carbon content, and rapid decomposition, thus clearly distinguishing it from Category A.
[0019] S2. Use a crusher to crush the A-type material into particles with a diameter of 5-10 cm; The key to aerobic composting is sufficient contact between microorganisms and materials, while ensuring the permeability of the compost pile. Particle size directly affects these two key conditions. If the particle size is too fine, such as 2-3 cm, the specific surface area of the material is too large, and it is easy to clump after mixing. In addition, the porosity of the pile is insufficient, and oxygen cannot penetrate, leading to local anaerobic fermentation. If the particle size is too coarse, such as more than 15 cm, the specific surface area of the material is too small, and microorganisms can only act on the surface, which leads to a significant extension of the composting cycle and makes it easy for large, uncomposted pieces to remain. Choosing 5-10 cm is the balance point between contact area and air permeability, while also being suitable for the natural breakage of materials caused by microbial decomposition during subsequent fermentation. Then, the materials were mixed in a ratio of A:B = Q:1, with simultaneous adjustment during the mixing process to keep the moisture content of the mixed material between 55% and 60%, where Q ∈ [10, 30]. The output of Class A or Class B materials of garden and greening waste fluctuates with the seasons. For example, there are more fallen leaves in autumn (Class A) and more weeds in summer (Class B). Q can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation. At the same time, the metabolic activities of microorganisms depend on water, but too much water will crowd out the pores of the pile, while too little water will cause the microorganisms to dehydrate and become inactive. Controlling the moisture content of the mixed material at 55%-60% is the best balance between the water absorption needs of microorganisms and the air permeability needs of the pile. S3. The mixed materials are piled into a long strip of manure pile with a height of 1.2-1.5 meters and a width of 1.5-2 meters. A 10-centimeter-thick layer of chopped straw or branches is laid at the bottom of the manure pile. The turning unit sets preset conditions based on four dimensions of parameters: temperature and humidity, oxygen content, leachate characteristics and image color depth. Accurate control is achieved by dynamically adjusting the turning operation parameters. The turning unit includes a turning machine and a sprayer. The fermentation promoter is dissolved in water, and the solution is sprayed into the compost pile by the sprayer while turning the pile. The specific steps for setting preset conditions based on temperature and humidity are as follows: Within 3-15 days of composting, the moisture content of the compost pile needs to be maintained between 55% and 60%. On this basis, when the center temperature of the compost pile exceeds 65℃, the turning unit should be activated to turn the compost pile. If the temperature of the compost pile drops to 30℃-40℃ after 15 days of composting, it indicates that it has officially transitioned to the late stage of decomposition. At this time, the compost pile should be turned over every 10-20 days. If the temperature of the compost pile has not reached 55℃ after 2-3 days of composting, it is judged to be an imbalance of carbon-nitrogen ratio or insufficient moisture content. First, add 5%-10% of Category B materials. After 24 hours, test the temperature and humidity of the compost pile again. If the temperature still does not meet the requirements, spray a small amount of water to increase the humidity of the compost pile. The specific steps for setting preset conditions based on oxygen content are as follows: During the first 3-15 days of composting (early fermentation stage), the oxygen content of the compost pile needs to be maintained at 15%-20% and the temperature at 55℃-65℃. The turning unit should be started every 5-7 days. If the core temperature of the compost pile is below 55℃ and does not rise for 3-5 hours, or if the oxygen content of the compost pile is below 10%, the above cycle does not apply, and the turning unit should be started immediately to replenish oxygen. After 15 days of composting (late stage of decomposition), when the temperature of the compost pile drops to 30℃-40℃, the turning unit is started to turn the compost pile every 10-20 days. If the oxygen content of the compost pile is detected to be lower than 10% during this period, the turning unit is started immediately to ensure that the decomposition process proceeds smoothly. S4. When the temperature of the compost pile is the same as the ambient temperature and no longer rises, it indicates that the microbial metabolism has basically stopped and the organic matter in the material has been fully converted into humus. If only a fixed time is used as the standard, it is easy to cause false composting due to differences in raw materials or environmental fluctuations. The decomposed material is screened through a sieve with a mesh size of 5-10 mm to remove large impurities that are not fully decomposed, thus obtaining the finished organic fertilizer product. The core application scenarios for landscaping fertilizers are seedling planting, lawn maintenance, and flower bed fertilization. The particle size of 5-10 mm is moderate, which is neither too large, which would cause poor soil surface aeration and difficulty for roots to penetrate, nor too small, which would cause dust and rapid runoff by rainwater during application.
[0020] As a third embodiment of this application, this embodiment further discloses a method for setting preset conditions based on the characteristics of leachate, based on embodiment two. The specific content includes: The composting site is divided into several equal parts, each part is called a sub-area, and the leachate of each sub-area is collected separately by a collection system. Based on the collected information, the information is processed by a processing system, and the working time of the turning unit is adjusted according to the processed data. The processing system includes a central controller, an information receiving unit, and an information storage unit. The information receiving unit is used to receive data transmitted by the collection system, and the information storage unit stores historical data and real-time data. The central controller processes the data based on the following rules: Calculate the average leachate production of all sub-regions, calculate the deviation ratio = (production of a single sub-region - average) / average, and set the deviation ratio thresholds, denoted as a and b respectively, where a < b and a and b are conventional control parameters in the field of landscaping composting, which can be adjusted according to the characteristics of raw materials and the scale of composting. The specific rules for assigning values to sub-regions include: When the permissible deviation of leachate generation in a single sub-region is ∈ [-a,a], that is, close to the average value, the corresponding assignment level is L0. When the leachate production of a single sub-region is lower than the average and the deviation ratio is ∈ [-b,-a), or when the leachate production of a single sub-region is higher than the average and the deviation ratio is ∈ (a,b), the corresponding assignment level is L1. When the leachate generation of a single sub-region is lower than the average and the deviation ratio is <-b, or when the leachate generation of a single sub-region is higher than the average and the deviation ratio is >b, the corresponding assignment level is L2. The order of the three levels is: L2 > L1 > L0; The time for turning over is adjusted based on the level corresponding to the sub-region. The specific operation is as follows: The baseline turning time for the entire composting cycle is set as T, and a stage correction coefficient β is set according to the stage of composting. For each sub-region, based on the specific deviation ratio of its leachate production, the dynamic control coefficient k and the base value of the turning time are calculated within the corresponding assignment level, according to the following calculation rules: When it is level L0, k=1; when it is level L1, k=1+|deviation ratio|×(0.2 / (ba)); when it is level L2, k=1.2+(|deviation ratio|-b)×(0.3 / (1-b)); after obtaining k corresponding to the three levels, calculate the basic value of the turning time = T×β×k; The spatial positioning module identifies the adjacent sub-regions of each sub-region, counts the number n of the number of sub-regions with a deviation level greater than or equal to the current sub-region level in the associated regions, sets a spatial weight coefficient w, and adds it to the base value of the pile turning time. The final pile turning time = base value of pile turning time × (1 + w × n), where w is the spatial association weight, which can be adjusted according to the pile density. The upper limit threshold for turning time is set at 5T. No matter how large the deviation is, the turning time will not exceed 5 times the base time to avoid energy waste. The lower limit threshold for turning time is set at 0.8T to ensure the basic turning frequency and ensure the air permeability of the pile. If the calculated final turning time exceeds the threshold, the threshold will be used. The collection system includes a temperature sensor and a flow sensor. During operation, at least one main collection tank is set in each sub-area, and at least two secondary collection tanks are set on both sides of each main collection tank. The intersection of the main collection tank and the secondary collection tanks is used as the temperature measurement point, and the temperature sensor is set at this point. An outlet is set at one end of the main collection tank, and the flow sensor is set at the outlet. It should be noted that as the composting time increases, after 40-45 days, the amount of leachate produced decreases significantly, and at this point, the amount of leachate produced is no longer used as a reference.
[0021] As a fourth embodiment of this application, this embodiment further discloses a method for setting preset conditions based on image color depth values, based on embodiment two. The specific content includes: Each sub-region is evenly divided into several unit regions of equal area. Each unit region is sampled separately by an image acquisition unit. After sampling, the color depth value of the image is calculated. The image acquisition unit includes a high-definition camera and a GIS positioning module. The specific steps for calculating the color depth value of an image are as follows: The image hue value H is extracted using the HSV color space, with a value range of [0°, 360°]. Based on the characteristics of compost materials, the following hue ranges are preset: a range exclusive to type A materials, such as [20°, 40°]; a range exclusive to type B materials, such as [100°, 140°]; and a range exclusive to matured materials, such as [0, 20] ∪ [340, 360]. The specific steps for calculating the matching score S between the image's hue value H and the preset hue range are as follows: Calculate the midpoints of the dedicated intervals for Category A materials, Category B materials, and matured materials; The color distribution of compost materials has a range-based concentration, and the midpoint can accurately represent the core color of the corresponding material / composting state, avoiding the deviation caused by using the endpoints of the range; In a composting scenario, a single hue value H may be close to multiple intervals at the same time. If a unique interval is not locked, it will lead to ambiguity in the calculation of the matching score. Calculate the absolute value of the distance between the image hue value H and the midpoint of the three intervals, select the interval corresponding to the midpoint with the smallest distance as the closest exclusive interval for H. If the distances are equal, the interval of decomposed material is matched first by default, because the state of decomposition is the core basis for judgment in the later stage. If H falls within the closest exclusive interval, the matching score S is 100; if H falls outside the closest exclusive interval, the matching score S is calculated as 100 - the absolute value of the distance between H and the midpoint of the closest exclusive interval × 2. If the obtained matching score S < 0, the matching score S is 0. Convert the image to grayscale and calculate the average grayscale value Gr. The lower the grayscale value, the darker the color and the higher the maturity. The grayscale deviation score is calculated as G = 100 × e^[-Q × (|Gr - Grbase| / Grmax)^q]. This formula satisfies the condition that the smaller the deviation, the higher the score. Here, Grbase is the global baseline grayscale value, Grmax is the upper limit of the grayscale value, Q is a positive coefficient with a value > 0, and q is the nonlinear intensity coefficient with a value of positive integer. The larger the value of q, the more significant the nonlinear decay. It can be flexibly adjusted according to the composting scenario. Gr and Grbase are both ∈ [0, Grmax]. Calculate the color depth value of the image = (S+G) / 2, and its value range is [0,100]. Sort the color depth values of all unit regions in all sub-regions calculated above in ascending order, select the top 10% of unit regions as extreme anomaly units, and record the sub-regions to which each extreme anomaly unit belongs to form a sub-region-extreme anomaly unit correspondence list. The number of extreme abnormal units in each sub-region is counted, and the sub-regions are sorted in descending order of the number. The sub-regions with the highest number of units (P) are selected as key control sub-regions, and the remaining sub-regions are regular control sub-regions, where P ≤ 20%. If multiple sub-regions have the same number of extreme units, further filtering is performed based on the average ranking of the extreme units within the sub-regions. Adjust the turning time according to the composting stage and sub-area type, specifically including: If the composting period is 3-15 days (early fermentation stage, focusing on material mixing), for the regular control sub-area, the benchmark turning time T is followed to ensure basic mixing effect; for the key control sub-area, the turning machine operates at 0.8 times the regular speed to extend the turning contact time, and the operation path covers the entire range of the sub-area, so the equivalent turning time is longer than T. If the composting is completed after 15 days (late stage of decomposition, focusing on balanced decomposition), for the conventional control sub-area, the benchmark turning time T is followed to reduce turning and avoid nutrient loss; for the key control sub-area, the turning machine operates at the conventional speed, but the turning depth is increased by 15-20cm to enhance the decomposition of deep materials, and the equivalent turning effect is better than the conventional T.
[0022] Some of the data in the above formulas are numerical calculations with dimensions removed, and the contents not described in detail in this specification are all prior art known to those skilled in the art.
[0023] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical methods of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical methods of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical methods of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for the resource-based treatment of landscaping waste, characterized in that, include: S1. The collected waste is divided into Category A materials and Category B materials. Category A materials are high-carbon materials with a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio ≥ 25:1, and Category B materials are high-nitrogen materials with a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio ≤ 20:
1. S2. Crush the A-type material into particles with a diameter of 5-10 cm using a pulverizer, and then mix them according to the ratio of A-type material: B-type material = Q:
1. During the mixing process, the moisture content of the mixed material is controlled at 55%-60%, where Q∈[10,30]. S3. The mixed materials are piled into a long strip of manure pile with a height of 1.2-1.5 meters and a width of 1.5-2 meters. A 10-centimeter-thick layer of chopped straw or branches is laid at the bottom of the manure pile. The turning unit sets preset conditions based on three-dimensional parameters: temperature, humidity, oxygen content, and image color depth value. Accurate control is achieved by dynamically adjusting the turning operation parameters. S4. When the temperature of the compost pile is the same as the ambient temperature and no longer rises, it is determined that the composting stage has been reached. The composted material is then screened through a sieve with a mesh size of 5-10 mm to remove large impurities that have not been completely decomposed, thus obtaining the finished organic fertilizer product.
2. The method for resource-based treatment of landscaping waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turning unit includes a turning machine and a spraying machine.
3. The method for resource-based treatment of landscaping waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for setting preset conditions based on temperature and humidity are as follows: Within 3-15 days of composting, the moisture content of the compost pile needs to be maintained between 55% and 60%. On this basis, when the center temperature of the compost pile exceeds 65℃, the turning unit should be activated to turn the compost pile. If the temperature of the compost pile drops to 30℃-40℃ after 15 days of composting, the compost pile should be turned over every 10-20 days. If the temperature of the compost pile does not reach 55℃ or above after 2-3 days of composting, it is judged to be an imbalance of carbon-nitrogen ratio or insufficient moisture content. First, add 5%-10% of Category B materials. After 24 hours, test the temperature and humidity of the compost pile again. If the temperature still does not meet the requirements, then humidify the compost pile.
4. The method for resource-based treatment of landscaping waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for setting preset conditions based on oxygen content are as follows: Within 3-15 days of composting, the oxygen content of the compost pile needs to be maintained at 15%-20% and the temperature at 55℃-65℃. The turning unit should be activated every 5-7 days. If the core temperature of the compost pile is below 55℃ and does not rise for 3-5 hours, or if the oxygen content of the compost pile is below 10%, the turning unit should be activated immediately to replenish oxygen. After 15 days of composting, when the temperature of the compost pile drops to 30℃-40℃, start turning the compost pile every 10-20 days. If the oxygen content of the compost pile is detected to be below 10% during this period, start turning the compost pile immediately.
5. A method for resource-based treatment of landscaping waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, For step S3, the composting site is divided into several equal parts, each part is called a sub-region, the leachate of each sub-region is collected separately by the collection system, and the collected leachate is treated by the treatment system.
6. A method for resource-based treatment of landscaping waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, The processing system includes a central controller, an information receiving unit, and an information storage unit.
7. A method for resource-based treatment of landscaping waste according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific operations for processing the collected leachate data from each sub-region using the central controller are as follows: Calculate the average leachate generation of all sub-regions, calculate the deviation ratio = (generation of a single sub-region - average) / average, pre-set deviation ratio thresholds a and b, and construct sub-region assignment level rules, where a < b; The time for turning over is adjusted based on the level corresponding to the sub-region. The specific operation is as follows: The baseline turning time for the entire composting cycle is set as T, and a stage correction coefficient β is set according to the stage of composting. For each sub-region, based on the specific deviation ratio of its leachate production, the dynamic control coefficient k and the base value of the turning time are calculated within the corresponding assignment level: when it is level L0, k=1; when it is level L1, k=1+|deviation ratio|×(0.2 / (ba)); when it is level L2, k=1.2+(|deviation ratio|-b)×(0.3 / (1-b)); after obtaining k for the three levels, the base value of the turning time is calculated as T×β×k; The spatial positioning module identifies the adjacent sub-regions of each sub-region, counts the number n of the number of sub-regions with a deviation level greater than or equal to the current sub-region level in the associated regions, sets a spatial weight coefficient w, and adds it to the base value of the heap turning time. The final heap turning time = base value of heap turning time × (1 + w × n), where w is the spatial association weight, and the heap turning time ∈ [0.8T, 5T].
8. A method for resource-based treatment of landscaping waste according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific rules for assigning subregion values include: When the percolation deviation ratio of a single sub-region is ∈ [-a, a], the corresponding assignment level is L0; When the leachate production of a single sub-region is lower than the average and the deviation ratio is ∈ [-b,-a), or when the leachate production of a single sub-region is higher than the average and the deviation ratio is ∈ (a,b), the corresponding assignment level is L1. When the leachate generation of a single sub-region is lower than the average and the deviation ratio is <-b, or when the leachate generation of a single sub-region is higher than the average and the deviation ratio is >b, the corresponding assignment level is L2. The order of magnitudes among the three levels is: L2 > L1 > L0.
9. A method for resource-based treatment of landscaping waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for setting preset conditions based on image color depth values are as follows: Each sub-region is evenly divided into several unit regions of equal area. Each unit region is sampled separately by an image acquisition unit. After sampling, the color depth value of the image is calculated. The image acquisition unit includes a high-definition camera and a GIS positioning module. Sort the color depth values of all unit regions in all sub-regions calculated above in ascending order, select the top 10% of unit regions as extreme anomaly units, and record the sub-regions to which each extreme anomaly unit belongs to form a sub-region-extreme anomaly unit correspondence list. The number of extreme abnormal units in each sub-region is counted, and the sub-regions are sorted in descending order of the number. The sub-regions with the highest number of units (P) are selected as key control sub-regions, and the remaining sub-regions are regular control sub-regions, where P ≤ 20%. Adjust the turning time according to the composting stage and sub-area type, specifically including: The composting period is 3-15 days. For routine control sub-areas, the turnover time T is followed. For key control sub-areas, the turnover machine operates at 0.8 times the normal speed, and the operation path covers the entire sub-area. After 15 days of composting, for the regular control sub-area, the benchmark turning time T is followed; for the key control sub-area, the turning machine operates at the regular speed, but the turning depth is increased by 15-20cm compared to the regular speed.
10. A method for resource-based treatment of landscaping waste according to claim 9, characterized in that, The specific steps for calculating the color depth value of an image are as follows: The image hue value H is extracted using the HSV color space, and based on the characteristics of compost materials, preset hue ranges are defined as follows: a range specific to type A materials, a range specific to type B materials, and a range specific to matured materials. The specific steps for calculating the matching score S between the image's hue value H and the preset hue range are as follows: Calculate the midpoints of the dedicated intervals for Category A materials, Category B materials, and matured materials; Calculate the absolute value of the distance between the image hue value H and the midpoint of the three intervals, select the interval corresponding to the midpoint with the smallest distance as the closest exclusive interval for H, and if the distances are equal, the interval of decomposed material is matched first by default. If H falls within the closest exclusive interval, the matching score S is 100; if H falls outside the closest exclusive interval, the matching score S is calculated as 100 - the absolute value of the distance between H and the midpoint of the closest exclusive interval × 2. If the obtained matching score S < 0, the matching score S is 0. Convert the image to grayscale and calculate the average grayscale value Gr. Calculate the grayscale deviation score G = 100 × e^[-Q × (|Gr - Grbase| / Grmax)^q], where Grbase is the global baseline grayscale value, Grmax is the upper limit of the grayscale value, Q is a positive coefficient, q is the nonlinear intensity coefficient, and Gr and Grbase are both ∈ [0, Grmax]. The color depth value of the image is calculated as (S+G) / 2, and its value range is [0,100].