Transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a transparent fire-retardant fireproof paint and a preparation method and application thereof, and particularly relates to the technical field of fire-retardant fireproof paint. The transparent fire-retardant fireproof paint comprises, by weight fraction, 1-8 parts of water-soluble chitosan, 0.5-5 parts of gelatin, 3-10 parts of phytic acid solution, 0.1-0.8 parts of hydrophilic fumed nano-silicon dioxide, 0.1-3.0 parts of a stabilizer and 30-80 parts of water; wherein the stabilizer is a water-soluble amine compound. By introducing the water-soluble amine stabilizer into the chitosan / gelatin / phytic acid water-based transparent fire-retardant system, the low-temperature stability, compatibility and long-term storage stability of the paint system are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire-retardant coating technology, and in particular to a transparent fire-retardant coating, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The development of the modern construction industry has driven high requirements for the safety, environmental protection, and decorative properties of building materials. Water-based transparent intumescent fire-retardant coatings are widely used in building decoration and other fields because of their excellent flame retardancy, environmental friendliness, and preservation of the texture of the base material. Under flames, they form a carbonized heat insulation layer, which improves the fire resistance rating.

[0003] Chitosan, formed by the deacetylation of chitin, is abundant, renewable, and low in toxicity, attracting attention in the flame retardant field. However, its strong hydrogen bonds, low crystallinity, and brittle film properties limit its large-scale application. Gelatin possesses excellent mechanical and barrier properties; blending chitosan with gelatin improves its stability and mechanical properties. After compounding, it forms a stable char layer upon combustion, enhancing the flame retardant effect. Phytic acid, a green and renewable material with a phosphorus content of 28%, has been applied to wood flame retardancy, supporting the greening of coatings.

[0004] Based on the above materials, a water-soluble chitosan / gelatin / phytic acid composite flame-retardant coating was developed. It is prepared by using the two materials as film-forming substances and water as a solvent in a specific ratio, and belongs to the intumescent fire-retardant coating category.

[0005] The main drawbacks of this technology are: poor long-term stability of the system and easy gelation of water-based coatings at low temperatures (<20℃). After gelation, the viscosity of the coating will increase sharply, the fluidity will be lost, and it will be impossible to stir and apply normally. In severe cases, it may even cause layering and clumping, resulting in decreased storage stability and shortened service life of the coating, which cannot meet the requirements of long-term storage and on-site coating in actual projects.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating, its preparation method, and its application, aiming to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted: The first aspect of the present invention provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating, comprising, by weight, 1-8 parts of water-soluble chitosan, 0.5-5 parts of gelatin, 3-10 parts of phytic acid solution, 0.1-0.8 parts of hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles, 0.1-3.0 parts of stabilizer, and 30-80 parts of water; wherein the stabilizer is a water-soluble amine compound.

[0009] Furthermore, the transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating comprises, by weight, 3-5 parts water-soluble chitosan, 1-3 parts gelatin, 4-7 parts phytic acid solution, 0.3-0.6 parts hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles, 1.0-2.0 parts stabilizer, and 40-50 parts water; wherein the stabilizer is a water-soluble amine compound.

[0010] Furthermore, the water-soluble amine compound includes at least one of urea, dicyandiamide, and triethanolamine.

[0011] Furthermore, the water-soluble amine compound is urea.

[0012] Furthermore, the concentration of the phytic acid solution is 40-60 wt%.

[0013] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating, wherein hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles are added to water and dispersed evenly to obtain a dispersion, water-soluble chitosan, gelatin and phytic acid solution are added to the dispersion and mixed evenly, and finally a stabilizer is added and mixed evenly to obtain the transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating.

[0014] Furthermore, the temperature for preparing the dispersion is 35~50°C.

[0015] Furthermore, the mixing method includes magnetic stirring or mechanical stirring.

[0016] The third aspect of this invention provides the application of the aforementioned transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating in the field of decorative fire protection for wood-based substrates.

[0017] Furthermore, the wood-based material includes wood-structured buildings, interior wood decorations, cultural relics and ancient buildings, or wood interior decorations in public places.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention significantly improves the low-temperature stability and long-term storage stability of the coating system by introducing water-soluble amine stabilizers into a chitosan / gelatin / phytic acid water-based transparent flame-retardant system. The system can be stably stored for 6-12 months within a temperature range of 5-40℃, effectively suppressing gelation caused by strong hydrogen bonding between chitosan and gelatin under low-temperature conditions, maintaining a homogeneous, clear, and flowable solution state, and avoiding precipitation, phase separation, or abnormal viscosity increases. This stabilizing effect directly stems from the regulation of the chitosan molecular chain hydration layer by the water-soluble amine compounds and the appropriate shielding of the interaction between gelatin and chitosan molecules, thus ensuring good storage reliability and batch consistency of the coating before actual application. The provided preparation method effectively avoids nanoparticle agglomeration and premature cross-linking of polymers, ensuring that each component is fully wetted, uniformly dispersed, and mixed at the molecular level in the aqueous phase, thereby obtaining a long-term stable, clear, transparent, and sediment-free homogeneous coating system, providing a more effective coating material for wood-based substrates. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 The initial state of the coating obtained in Example 1; Figure 2 The initial state of the coating obtained in Comparative Example 1; Figure 3 Wood samples coated with the coatings of Example 1 and Example 2, respectively; Figure 4 These are wood samples after fire resistance and flame retardancy testing. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] In the following, the terms “comprising,” “having,” and their cognates, which may be used in various embodiments of the invention, are intended only to indicate a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination thereof, and should not be construed as excluding, firstly, the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, or adding the possibility of one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0023] The first aspect of the present invention provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating, comprising, by weight, 1-8 parts of water-soluble chitosan, 0.5-5 parts of gelatin, 3-10 parts of phytic acid solution, 0.1-0.8 parts of hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles, 0.1-3.0 parts of stabilizer, and 30-80 parts of water; wherein the stabilizer is a water-soluble amine compound.

[0024] This invention significantly improves the low-temperature stability and long-term storage stability of the coating system by introducing water-soluble amine stabilizers into a chitosan / gelatin / phytic acid water-based transparent flame-retardant system. The system can be stably stored for 6-12 months within a temperature range of 5-40℃, effectively suppressing gelation caused by strong hydrogen bonding between chitosan and gelatin under low-temperature conditions, maintaining a homogeneous, clear, and flowable solution state, and avoiding precipitation, phase separation, or abnormal viscosity increases. This stabilizing effect directly stems from the regulation of the chitosan molecular chain hydration layer by the water-soluble amine compounds and the appropriate shielding of the interaction between gelatin and chitosan molecules, thus ensuring good storage reliability and batch consistency of the coating before actual application. The provided preparation method effectively avoids nanoparticle agglomeration and premature cross-linking of polymers, ensuring that each component is fully wetted, uniformly dispersed, and mixed at the molecular level in the aqueous phase, thereby obtaining a long-term stable, clear, transparent, and sediment-free homogeneous coating system, providing a more effective coating material for wood-based substrates.

[0025] Water-soluble chitosan and gelatin, as dual bio-based film-forming materials, form an interpenetrating network structure through hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions between molecular chains, endowing the coating with excellent film-forming properties, adhesion, and charred framework support. Phytic acid solution, as a highly efficient and green phosphorus source, catalyzes the dehydration and carbonization of chitosan / gelatin upon heating, promoting the formation of a dense, intumescent flame-retardant char layer and significantly improving flame retardancy time. Hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles are uniformly embedded in the polymer network in a colloidal dispersion state, utilizing their huge specific surface area and surface hydroxyl groups to enhance the physical properties of the system. The crosslinking density improves the coating's hardness and thermal stability. On the other hand, the steric hindrance effect inhibits excessive hydrogen bonding between chitosan and gelatin at low temperatures, alleviating early gelation tendency. Meanwhile, the polar amine groups and hydroxyl groups in the water-soluble amine stabilizer can competitively bind to the free -NH2 / -OH of chitosan and moderately hydrate and shield the hydrophobic microdomains of gelatin collagen peptide chains, thereby dynamically adjusting the thickness of the polymer hydration layer and the chain segment mobility, effectively delaying phase separation and gelation caused by strong hydrogen bonding at low temperatures, and ensuring the long-term storage stability of the system.

[0026] When the stabilizer dosage is less than 0.1 parts, its molecular shielding effect and hydration layer regulation ability are severely insufficient, failing to effectively intervene in the dense hydrogen bond network between chitosan and gelatin. Especially under low temperature or long-term static conditions, the system will still rapidly undergo molecular chain aggregation, phase separation, and even irreversible gelation, leading to a sharp increase in viscosity, loss of fluidity, difficulty in construction, and significant deterioration in storage stability. When the stabilizer dosage exceeds 3.0 parts, excessive amine compounds will excessively destroy the necessary synergistic effect between polymers: on the one hand, it weakens the crosslinking density and carbonization skeleton integrity of the chitosan-gelatin-phytic acid ternary system, reduces the density and thermal insulation strength of the flame-retardant carbon layer at high temperatures, and affects the flame retardancy time and fire resistance rating; on the other hand, high concentrations of water-soluble amines may introduce additional hydrophilic groups, increasing the hygroscopicity of the coating, leading to decreased adhesion and reduced hardness, and may cause microporous defects due to volatilization / migration during film drying, affecting transparency and surface gloss; in addition, excessive stabilizer may also interfere with the phosphorylation catalysis of chitosan by phytic acid, weakening the dehydration and carbonization efficiency.

[0027] Typical, but not limiting, water-soluble chitosan can be, for example, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, or 8 parts, or any value within the range of 1 to 8 parts; gelatin can be, for example, 0.5 parts, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, or 5 parts, or any value within the range of 0.5 to 5 parts; phytic acid solution can be, for example, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, or 10 parts, or any value within the range of 3 to 10 parts; hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles can be, for example, The amount of water can be 0.1 parts, 0.2 parts, 0.3 parts, 0.4 parts, 0.5 parts, 0.6 parts, 0.7 parts, or 0.8 parts, or any value within the range of 0.1 to 0.8 parts; the amount of stabilizer can be, for example, 0.1 parts, 0.5 parts, 1.0 parts, 1.5 parts, 2.0 parts, 2.5 parts, or 3.0 parts, or any value within the range of 0.1 to 3.0 parts; the amount of water can be, for example, 30 parts, 40 parts, 50 parts, 60 parts, 70 parts, or 80 parts, or any value within the range of 30 to 80 parts.

[0028] Furthermore, the transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating comprises, by weight, 3-5 parts water-soluble chitosan, 1-3 parts gelatin, 4-7 parts phytic acid solution, 0.3-0.6 parts hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles, 1.0-2.0 parts stabilizer, and 40-50 parts water; wherein the stabilizer is a water-soluble amine compound.

[0029] Typical, but not limiting, water-soluble chitosan can be, for example, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, or 5 parts, or any value within the range of 3 to 5 parts; gelatin can be, for example, 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, or 3 parts, or any value within the range of 1 to 3 parts; phytic acid solution can be, for example, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, or 7 parts, or any value within the range of 4 to 7 parts; hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles can be, for example, 0.3 parts, 0.4 parts, 0.5 parts, or 0.6 parts, or any value within the range of 0.3 to 0.6 parts; stabilizer can be, for example, 1.0 part, 1.2 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.8 parts, or 2.0 parts, or any value within the range of 1.0 to 2.0 parts; water can be, for example, 40 parts, 42 parts, 44 parts, 46 parts, 48 ​​parts, or 50 parts, or any value within the range of 40 to 50 parts.

[0030] Furthermore, the water-soluble amine compound includes at least one of urea, dicyandiamide, and triethanolamine.

[0031] Furthermore, the water-soluble amine compound is urea.

[0032] Furthermore, the concentration of the phytic acid solution is 40-60 wt%.

[0033] Typically, but not limitingly, the concentration of the phytic acid solution can be, for example, 40 wt%, 45 wt%, 50 wt%, 55 wt%, or 60 wt%, or any value in the range of 40 to 60 wt%.

[0034] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating, wherein hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles are added to water and dispersed evenly to obtain a dispersion, water-soluble chitosan, gelatin and phytic acid solution are added to the dispersion and mixed evenly, and finally a stabilizer is added and mixed evenly to obtain the transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating.

[0035] Furthermore, the temperature for preparing the dispersion is 35~50°C.

[0036] Typically, but not limitingly, the temperature at which the dispersion is prepared can be, for example, 35°C, 38°C, 40°C, 42°C, 45°C, 48°C, or 50°C, or any value within the range of 35°C to 50°C.

[0037] Furthermore, the mixing method includes magnetic stirring or mechanical stirring.

[0038] The third aspect of this invention provides the application of the aforementioned transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating in the field of decorative fire protection for wood-based substrates.

[0039] Furthermore, the wood-based material includes wood-structured buildings, interior wood decorations, cultural relics and ancient buildings, or wood interior decorations in public places.

[0040] The present invention is further illustrated below with specific embodiments and comparative examples. However, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention were carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments used, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available conventional products.

[0041] Example 1 This embodiment provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating, prepared as follows: 0.4 kg of hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles are weighed and added to 40 kg of deionized water, and mechanically stirred until completely dissolved under a 40°C water bath heating condition. Subsequently, 4.0 kg of water-soluble chitosan, 1.5 kg of gelatin, and 5 kg of phytic acid solution are weighed and added to the above solution sequentially, and mechanically stirred until completely dissolved; finally, 1.5 kg of urea is weighed and added to the solution, and stirred until completely dissolved, thus obtaining a stable transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating.

[0042] Example 2 This embodiment provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that dicyandiamide is used instead of urea. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0043] Example 3 This embodiment provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that triethanolamine is used instead of urea. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0044] Example 4 This embodiment provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the amount of urea is adjusted to 0.1 kg. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0045] Example 5 This embodiment provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the amount of urea is adjusted to 3 kg. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0046] Example 6 This embodiment provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the amount of hydrophilic fumed nano silica is adjusted to 0.8 kg. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0047] Example 7 This embodiment provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The preparation process is as follows: Under the heating condition of a 40°C water bath, 4.0 kg of water-soluble chitosan, 1.5 kg of gelatin, 5 kg of phytic acid solution, 1.5 kg of urea and 0.4 kg of hydrophilic fumed silica are weighed into 40 kg of deionized water and stirred until completely dissolved to obtain a stable transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating.

[0048] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Example 1 is that 1.5 kg of urea is not added. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0049] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of urea is adjusted to 0.05 kg. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of urea is adjusted to 3.5 kg. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0051] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of hydrophilic fumed nano silica is adjusted to 1 kg. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Example 1 is that the hydrophilic fumed nano silica is omitted. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0053] Comparative Example 6 This comparative example provides a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating. The difference from Example 1 is that nano-titanium dioxide is used instead of hydrophilic fumed nano-silica. The other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0054] Test Example 1 The coatings obtained in the examples and comparative examples were subjected to low-temperature compatibility and stability tests. They were stored at 5°C, 10°C and 15°C respectively. The state of the coatings was observed every three months to check for abnormal phenomena such as precipitation and gelation, and whether the coatings could maintain a stable solution system under the conditions. The results are summarized in Tables 1-3.

[0055] Table 1. Stability at 5℃

[0056] Table 2. Stability at 10℃

[0057] Table 3. Stability at 15℃

[0058] As can be seen from Tables 1-3, the coating solutions of Examples 1-7 within the scope of this invention have good compatibility and stability under the conditions of 5℃, 10℃ and 15℃, while gelation, a small amount of flocculent matter or even precipitation occurs in the comparative examples.

[0059] Figure 1 This is the initial state of the coating obtained in Example 1. Figure 2The initial state of the coating obtained in Comparative Example 1 is shown. It can be seen that the initial state of the coating prepared in Example 1 is as follows: the system is a homogeneous, clear, low-viscosity, flowable liquid with good fluidity and self-leveling properties when poured, without any signs of sedimentation, stratification, or gelation; the initial state of Comparative Example 1 is as follows: the system exhibits obvious gelation immediately after preparation, forming a semi-solid gel with a fixed shape and structural strength, with no fluidity when poured, and the deformation is delayed and irreversible.

[0060] Test Example 2 The coatings obtained from the examples and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests, including flame retardancy tests, adhesion tests, and hardness tests.

[0061] Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 could not be coated to form a satisfactory coating due to gelation, small amounts of flocculent material, or precipitation in the system, and therefore relevant performance tests could not be conducted.

[0062] The flame retardant and fireproof tests were conducted in accordance with the provisions of GB 12441-2018 "Decorative Fireproof Coatings".

[0063] Adhesion testing was conducted according to the cross-cut adhesion test method of GB / T 9286-2021 (with wood as the substrate), and the grade range was 1-2.

[0064] Hardness testing was conducted using pencil hardness according to GB / T 6739-2022, with a hardness range of 4H-7H.

[0065] The obtained data is recorded in Table 4.

[0066] Table 4

[0067] As shown in Table 4, Example 1 achieved a flame retardancy time of 23 minutes, an adhesion rating of 1, and a hardness of 7H, with all indicators being optimal. Examples 2-7 had flame retardancy times between 19 and 22 minutes, adhesion ratings of 1 for all examples, and hardness ratings between 6H and 7H, demonstrating stable and excellent overall performance. In contrast, Comparative Example 5, despite not adding a stabilizer, completed the coating test because it did not undergo gelation. Its flame retardancy time was 18 minutes, adhesion rating was 2, and hardness was 4H, significantly lower than the examples. This indicates that even if the system is not completely unstable, the lack of a stabilizer still weakens the flame retardancy, adhesion strength, and mechanical hardness of the coating. The other comparative examples failed subsequent performance tests because gelation, flocculent matter, or precipitation occurred during the preparation or storage stages, preventing the formation of a uniform and continuous coating. This further confirms the crucial role of water-soluble amine stabilizers in ensuring the processability of the system and the performance of the final coating. It also highlights that the technological breakthrough achieved by this invention through the introduction of specific types and amounts of stabilizers is not only reflected in storage stability but also directly translates into a comprehensive improvement in fire resistance, interfacial bonding, and physical durability.

[0068] During flame retardant and fireproof testing... Figure 3 Wood samples coated with the coatings of Example 1 and Example 2 are shown. As can be seen from the figures, both coatings have high transparency and can clearly preserve the original texture of the wood after application, without significantly affecting the aesthetic appearance of the substrate. Figure 4 These are wood samples after flame retardant and fireproof tests of the two coatings. The test results show that a relatively dense and complete flame-retardant and fire-resistant char layer was successfully formed on the surface of the wood coated with the coatings of Example 1 and Example 2. This char layer effectively covers the surface of the wood and demonstrates excellent flame retardant and heat insulation effects.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating, characterized in that, The composition, by weight, includes 1-8 parts water-soluble chitosan, 0.5-5 parts gelatin, 3-10 parts phytic acid solution, 0.1-0.8 parts hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles, 0.1-3.0 parts stabilizer, and 30-80 parts water. The stabilizer is a water-soluble amine compound.

2. The transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition, by weight, includes 3-5 parts water-soluble chitosan, 1-3 parts gelatin, 4-7 parts phytic acid solution, 0.3-0.6 parts hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles, 1.0-2.0 parts stabilizer, and 40-50 parts water. The stabilizer is a water-soluble amine compound.

3. The transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The water-soluble amine compounds include at least one of urea, dicyandiamide, and triethanolamine.

4. The transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The water-soluble amine compound is urea.

5. The transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The concentration of the phytic acid solution is 40~60wt%.

6. A method for preparing a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Hydrophilic fumed silica nanoparticles are added to water and dispersed evenly to obtain a dispersion. Water-soluble chitosan, gelatin, and phytic acid solution are added to the dispersion and mixed evenly. Finally, a stabilizer is added and mixed evenly to obtain a transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dispersion is prepared at a temperature of 35~50℃.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mixing method includes magnetic stirring or mechanical stirring.

9. The application of the transparent flame-retardant fireproof coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the field of decorative fire protection for wood-based substrates.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The wood-based material includes wood-structured buildings, interior wood decorations, and wood interior decorations for cultural relics, ancient buildings, or public places.

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