Coating material, workpiece, automobile and workpiece manufacturing method

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a coating material, a workpiece, an automobile and a workpiece manufacturing method, the coating material comprises modified fluorosilicon polymer 20-30 parts, polyether ether ketone polymer 5-10 parts, modified silicon dioxide particles 15-20 parts, coupling agent 0.02-0.05 parts, auxiliary agent 0.2-1 parts and organic solvent 40-70 parts, wherein the end group or side chain of the modified fluorosilicon polymer contains a reactive group, and the reactive group comprises at least one of a carboxyl group, an epoxy group or an amino group. The coating material has the interpenetrating network structure formed by the modified fluorosilicon polymer, the polyether ether ketone polymer and the modified silicon dioxide particles in the coating preparation process, finally forms the structure with the nano / micron level protruding lotus leaf surface structure which is more stable in structure and more excellent in wear resistance, has good hydrophobic performance and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydrophobic materials technology, and more particularly to a coating material, a workpiece, an automobile, and a method for manufacturing the workpiece. Background Technology

[0002] In low-temperature environments, rainwater and moisture remaining on the surface of some workpieces can easily freeze, adversely affecting normal functionality. For example, the concealed door handles of automobiles are prone to freezing during cold winters in northern regions, causing the troublesome problem of the doors being unable to open. Existing technologies use passive de-icing solutions such as coatings to address the problem of workpiece freezing at low temperatures, but the hydrophobicity and durability of coating products currently on the market are not ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a coating material, a workpiece, an automobile, and a method for manufacturing the workpiece, with the aim of improving the hydrophobic properties of the hydrophobic coating material.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a coating material. The coating material provided in this application includes: 20-30 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 5-10 parts of polyetheretherketone polymer, 15-20 parts of modified silica particles, 0.02-0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.2-1 parts of additive, and 40-70 parts of organic solvent. The modified fluorosilicone polymer has end groups or side chains containing reactive groups, which include at least one of carboxyl, epoxy, or amino groups.

[0005] Modified fluorosilicone polymers possess excellent weather resistance, low surface free energy, and chemical corrosion resistance. During film formation, they interact with polyetheretherketone polymers and modified silica particles to form a stable nano / micron-sized protrusion structure. Precise control of the component ratios ensures sufficient fixation of the protrusion structure, preventing damage and avoiding excessive coating of the modified silica particles by the fluorosilicone and polyetheretherketone polymers, which could hinder protrusion formation. In this coating material, the modified fluorosilicone polymer, polyetheretherketone polymer, and modified silica particles form an interpenetrating network structure during coating preparation, ultimately resulting in a more stable structure with superior wear resistance, exhibiting nano / micron-sized protrusions resembling the surface of a lotus leaf. It also possesses excellent hydrophobic properties and a long service life.

[0006] In some embodiments, the modified silica particles are silica particles modified with a surface modifier, the surface modifier being used to reduce the surface energy of the silica particles.

[0007] By selecting silica particles modified with surface modifiers, the surface energy of the silica particles is reduced. During the reaction process, the silica particles can react with the polymer through coupling agents or physically entangle to form a stable nano / micro protrusion structure, which has better hydrophobic properties.

[0008] In some embodiments, the surface modifier is selected from (CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2). m CH3、(CH3O)3Si(CH2)2(CF2) n CF3 and (CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2)2(CF2) n At least one of CF3, wherein m≥12, n≥5.

[0009] By selecting appropriate surface modifiers, silica particles can be precisely modified, enhancing their reactivity and enabling them to react or physically entangle with polymers, forming more stable nano / micro protrusion structures.

[0010] In some embodiments, the modified silica particles have a particle size of 30 nm to 60 nm.

[0011] Choosing modified silica particles with appropriate particle size can prevent the polymer from completely covering the silica particles due to their small size, thus failing to form a good raised and rough structure. On the other hand, it can also prevent the modified silica particles from being too large, resulting in an oversized raised structure that leads to poor smoothness and insufficient wear resistance in the hydrophobic coating during use.

[0012] In some embodiments, the modified silica particles are spheres. By selecting modified silica particles of a suitable shape, more stable nano / micron protrusion structures can be formed when reacting with polymers or physically entangled.

[0013] In some embodiments, the coupling agent includes diisocyanate compounds. Choosing diisocyanate compounds as coupling agents can better increase polymer crosslinking and improve the mechanical stability of the resulting coating matrix.

[0014] In some embodiments, the coupling agent is selected from at least one of hexamethylene diisocyanate and Iphorone diisocyanate. Both hexamethylene diisocyanate and Iphorone diisocyanate are good coupling agents, exhibiting better crosslinking properties with modified fluorosilicone polymers and polyetheretherketone polymers, resulting in coatings with better mechanical stability of the substrate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the organic solvent is selected from at least one of ethyl acetate, anhydrous ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and acetone. Choosing a suitable organic solvent can improve the solubility of the modified fluorosilicone polymer and the polyetheretherketone polymer in the solvent, enhance reactivity, and form a more stable nano / micro protrusion structure.

[0016] In some embodiments, the modified fluorosilicone polymer can be obtained by reacting a perfluoropolyether with a modified polysiloxane, wherein the end group or side chain of the modified polysiloxane contains a reactive group, the reactive group including at least one of carboxyl, epoxy, or amino groups.

[0017] In some embodiments, the coating material has a coating thickness of 70μm-120μm. If the coating thickness is too small, the wear resistance of the coating may be insufficient; if the coating thickness is too large, the adhesion between the coating and the workpiece surface may be insufficient, leading to peeling. Therefore, an appropriate coating thickness is beneficial to improving the stability and service life of the coating on the workpiece surface.

[0018] In some embodiments, the molecular chains of the modified fluorosilicone polymer and the polyetheretherketone polymer have multiple connection points, and some of the modified silica particles are connected to these connection points. The connection points between the modified fluorosilicone polymer and the polyetheretherketone polymer make the cross-linking structure between them more stable, forming an interpenetrating network structure. This ultimately results in a more stable structure with superior wear resistance, featuring nano / micron-level protrusions mimicking the surface of a lotus leaf, and exhibiting excellent hydrophobic properties.

[0019] In some embodiments, the liquid contact angle of the coating material surface is 145-160°. Within this liquid contact angle range, water droplets are difficult to adhere to the coating material surface, exhibiting good hydrophobic properties.

[0020] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a workpiece, comprising: a primer layer and the aforementioned coating material, wherein the primer layer is located on the surface of the workpiece, and the coating material is located on the side of the primer layer away from the surface of the workpiece.

[0021] The workpiece provided in this embodiment has a primer layer on its surface. A coating material is then adhered to the primer layer, ensuring a firm bond between the coating material and the workpiece surface. Due to the excellent weather resistance, low surface free energy, and chemical corrosion resistance of the modified fluorosilicone polymer in the coating material, it interacts with the polyetheretherketone polymer and modified silica particles during film formation, fixing and forming a stable nano / micron protrusion structure. Precise control of the component ratios ensures sufficient fixing force for the formed protrusion structure, preventing damage and avoiding excessive coating of the modified silica particles by the modified fluorosilicone polymer and polyetheretherketone polymer, which could negatively impact the formation of the protrusion structure. In the aforementioned coating material, the modified fluorosilicone polymer, polyetheretherketone polymer, and modified silica particles form an interpenetrating network structure during coating preparation, ultimately resulting in a more stable structure with superior wear resistance and a nano / micron-level protrusion structure mimicking the surface of a lotus leaf. This gives the workpiece surface excellent hydrophobic properties and a long service life.

[0022] In some embodiments, the primer layer includes a solvent and modified silica particles. Using the same modified silica particles as the coating material as a component of the primer layer allows for good compatibility with the coating material, resulting in better adhesion and ensuring the stability of the coating material.

[0023] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide an automobile, wherein at least a portion of the outer surface of the automobile is coated with the aforementioned coating material.

[0024] By coating the vehicle surface with the aforementioned material, the modified fluorosilicone polymer, polyetheretherketone polymer, and modified nanoparticles form an interpenetrating network structure during the coating preparation process. This results in a more stable structure with superior wear resistance, featuring nano / micron-level protrusions mimicking the surface of a lotus leaf. It also exhibits excellent hydrophobic properties and a long service life, preventing ice or frost from forming on the vehicle surface even in low-temperature environments.

[0025] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a workpiece manufacturing method, comprising: applying the above-mentioned coating material to the surface of the workpiece, and drying the coating material at a temperature of 120°C to 140°C.

[0026] Drying the coating material at a temperature of 120℃ to 140℃ allows the modified fluorosilicone polymer, polyether ether ketone polymer, and modified nanoparticles to form a more stable interpenetrating network structure at this temperature, resulting in a lotus leaf-like coating surface with nano / micron-level protrusions, improved hydrophobic properties, and extended service life. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a network structure formed by a coating material provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the surface structure of the car door handle after coating spraying in the embodiments of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the liquid contact angle measurement results of the coated door handle obtained in Experiment Example 1 of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the liquid contact angle measurement results of the uncoated car door handle obtained in Experiment Example 1 of this application.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a line graph showing the change in the liquid contact angle of the car door handle after durability treatment, obtained in Experimental Example 2 of this application.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a comparison image of the cleaning effect of the coated door handle obtained in Experiment Example 3 of this application and the comparative example.

[0033] Figure 7 These are the door handles after coating treatment and the comparative diagram before the anti-icing treatment test in Experiment Example 4 of this application.

[0034] Figure 8 These are the door handles after coating treatment following the anti-icing treatment test in Experiment Example 4 of this application, and the state diagrams of the comparative examples. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0036] With the popularization and intelligent development of new energy vehicles, emerging technologies such as hidden door handles are being explored and applied in new energy vehicles, bringing great convenience and intelligent experience to consumers. However, some pain points have also emerged. For example, electric vehicles equipped with hidden door handles are prone to door freezing and becoming impossible to open in cold winters in northern regions, especially in rainy or snowy weather. Traditional active de-icing technologies such as chemical de-icing, electric heating de-icing, or mechanical vibration are costly, inefficient, and cumbersome.

[0037] The icing problem is caused by rainwater and water vapor remaining on the surface of the handle and forming at low temperatures. Therefore, passive de-icing technologies such as photothermal coatings are simple, easy to operate, environmentally friendly, and energy-efficient. However, the hydrophobic products currently on the market are not wear-resistant, and after a period of use, the materials age and the hydrophobic performance drops significantly.

[0038] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a coating material, a workpiece, and an automobile, in order to improve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0039] In a first aspect, this embodiment provides a coating material, comprising, by weight parts: 20-30 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 5-10 parts of polyetheretherketone polymer, 15-20 parts of modified silica particles, 0.02-0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.2-1 part of additive, and 40-70 parts of organic solvent. The modified fluorosilicone polymer has end groups or side chains containing reactive groups, including at least one of carboxyl, epoxy, or amino groups. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "parts" in this application refer to parts by weight.

[0040] The coating material provided in this embodiment has modified fluorosilicone polymers with reactive groups at the end groups or side chains. When mixed with a polyetheretherketone polymer, these reactive groups, distributed between the polymers, can react with the modified silica particles to form a network structure with nano-protrusions. This network structure with nano-protrusions plays a crucial role in constructing an air layer, preventing water droplet wetting and icing. The coupling agent allows the modified fluorosilicone polymer and the polyetheretherketone polymer to entangle into a network after mixing, indirectly forming crosslinks through chemical bonding, resulting in a tighter connection between the components. The organic solvent provides a reaction environment for the other components in the coating material; during the coating formation process, the organic solvent can be evaporated and removed.

[0041] The composition of the coating material provided in this embodiment can be initially determined using infrared spectroscopy. The core advantage of infrared spectroscopy lies in its ability to identify specific chemical bonds and functional groups in molecules (such as -OH hydroxyl groups, C=O carbonyl groups, CH alkyl groups, NH amino groups, etc.). Further, more accurate detection can be achieved using analytical methods and instruments such as microspectral chemical analysis.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The network structure formed by the coating material provided in this embodiment is shown, wherein modified silica particles are uniformly dispersed in a modified fluorosilicone polymer and a polyether ether ketone polymer system. The modified silica particles are cross-linked with the modified fluorosilicone polymer and the polyether ether ketone polymer system through a surface modifier. Various polymers are cross-linked with the modified silica particles to form a network structure.

[0043] Modified fluorosilicone polymers can be prepared by reacting perfluoropolyethers with modified polysiloxanes, ultimately yielding modified fluorosilicone polymers with at least one reactive group selected from carboxyl, epoxy, or amino groups in their end groups or side chains. Perfluoropolyethers are colorless, odorless, and transparent liquids at room temperature, containing only carbon (C), fluorine (F), and oxygen (O) elements in their molecules, with an average molecular weight between 500 and 15,000. Perfluoropolyether oils exhibit low friction coefficients, high load-bearing capacity, and good lubricity, and their surface does not easily adhere to other substances. Polysiloxanes, also known as silicones, are organic polymers with a silicon-oxygen bond (Si-O-Si) main chain structure. Their basic repeating unit is [R₂SiO], where R is typically an organic group such as methyl, phenyl, or vinyl. Modified polysiloxanes contain reactive groups in their end groups or side chains, including at least one carboxyl, epoxy, or amino group.

[0044] The modified fluorosilicone polymer prepared by the above method contains at least one reactive group among carboxyl, epoxy, and amino groups in its end groups or side chains. It has good weather resistance, low surface free energy and chemical corrosion resistance. During the film formation process, it interacts with polyether ether ketone polymer and modified silica particles to form a stable nano / micro protrusion structure.

[0045] If the content of the modified fluorosilicone polymer is too low, the resulting coating material may lack sufficient adhesion, making the surface protrusion structure easily damaged. If the content is too high, it may coat the modified silica particles, failing to provide a good protrusion rough structure. In this embodiment, controlling the modified fluorosilicone polymer content to 20-30 parts effectively avoids the above-mentioned situation. For example, in some embodiments, the modified fluorosilicone polymer content can be 20-25 parts, 25-30 parts, 24-26 parts, etc., and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0046] Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a high-performance, semi-crystalline thermoplastic engineering plastic, and one of the most important members of the polyaryletherketone (PAEK) family. It possesses excellent mechanical properties, high-temperature resistance, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. Its chemical formula is (C...). 19 H 12 O3) nThe repeating unit is -[-O-C6H4-O-C6H4-CO-C6H4-]-, and its main chain consists of alternating benzene rings, ether bonds (-O-), and ketone groups (-CO-), forming a highly conjugated and rigid aromatic structure. Adding polyether ether ketone polymers can improve the mechanical abrasion resistance and thermal stability of the coating material. Polyether ether ketone polymers can form an interpenetrating polymer network structure after being deposited with modified fluorosilicone polymers, enhancing the coating's abrasion resistance, tear resistance, and other mechanical properties.

[0047] Adding too much polyetheretherketone (PEEK) polymer may result in the coating of modified silica particles failing to provide a good raised, rough structure. Adding too little may lead to insufficient adhesion of the formed coating material, making the surface raised structure easily damaged. The appropriate amount of PEEK polymer is controlled between 5 and 10 parts. In some embodiments, the amount of PEEK polymer added may be 5-8 parts, 8-10 parts, 7-9 parts, etc. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0048] Modified silica particles are nanoparticles obtained by modifying silica particles. This modification process enhances the reactivity of the silica particles, allowing them to react with the reactive groups in the modified fluorosilicone polymer to form a network structure with nano-protrusions. Specifically, in this embodiment, the modified silica particles are silica particles modified with a surface modifier. The surface modifier reduces the surface energy of the silica particles. After surface modification, the silica particles extend and adhere the surface modifier, forming a chain-like structure. This chain structure reacts with the reactive groups in the modified fluorosilicone polymer to form a network structure with nano-protrusions, while simultaneously intertwining and networking with the polyetheretherketone polymer, resulting in a more stable structure.

[0049] In some embodiments, the surface modifier may be selected from (CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2). m CH3、(CH3O)3Si(CH2)2(CF2) n CF3 and (CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2)2(CF2) n At least one of CF3, wherein m ≥ 12, n ≥ 5. (CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2) m CH3、(CH3O)3Si(CH2)2(CF2) n CF3 and (CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2)2(CF2) n CF3 and other similar compounds are excellent surface modifiers that can bind well with silica particles. It is understood that in other embodiments, the surface modifier may be other compounds, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0050] If the amount of modified silica particles added is too small, the modified fluorosilicone polymer and polyetheretherketone polymer may completely coat the modified silica particles, failing to provide a good raised rough structure. If the amount added is too large, it may lead to insufficient adhesion of the formed coating material, making the surface raised structure easily damaged. In this embodiment, the amount of modified silica particles added is 15-20 parts. Within this range, the modified fluorosilicone polymer and polyetheretherketone polymer will not completely coat the modified silica particles, nor will the formed coating material have insufficient adhesion, making the surface raised structure easily damaged. In some embodiments, the amount of modified silica particles added is 15-18 parts, 18-20 parts, 17-19 parts, etc., and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0051] Choosing modified silica particles of appropriate particle size, when mixed with modified fluorosilicone polymers and polyetheretherketone polymers, can prevent the formation of a good raised, rough structure due to either excessively small particles completely encapsulating the silica particles by the polymer or excessively large particles resulting in overly large raised structures, leading to poor smoothness and insufficient wear resistance in the hydrophobic coating. The modified silica particles are preferably modified silica nanoparticles. In a more specific embodiment, the particle size of the modified silica particles can be 30 nm - 60 nm. For example, in some embodiments, the particle size can be 30 nm - 45 nm, 45 nm - 60 nm, 40 nm - 50 nm, etc. Furthermore, selecting modified silica particles of appropriate shape can form a more stable nano / micron raised structure during reaction or physical entanglement with the polymer. In some embodiments, the modified silica particles can be spheres; in other embodiments, the modified silica particles can also be rod-shaped, needle-shaped, or chain-shaped. It is understood that the shape of the modified silica particles can be one or more of rod-shaped, needle-shaped, sphere-shaped, or chain-shaped.

[0052] Coupling agents in coating materials primarily function to increase polymer crosslinking and enhance the mechanical stability of the coating matrix. Excessive coupling agent may lead to a viscous system, while insufficient coupling agent may affect the reactivity of reactive groups. In this embodiment, the amount of coupling agent added is 0.02-0.05 parts. In some embodiments, the amount added may be, for example, 0.02-0.04 parts, 0.03-0.05 parts, or 0.03-0.04 parts. In some embodiments, the coupling agent includes diisocyanate compounds. Choosing diisocyanate compounds as coupling agents can better increase polymer crosslinking and improve the mechanical stability of the formed coating matrix.

[0053] The organic solvent, used as a solvent in the reaction system, can dissolve the modified fluorosilicone polymer and the polyetheretherketone polymer, enabling the formation of a stable network structure with nano-protrusions between the reactive groups and the modified silica particles in the reaction system. Most of the organic solvent is removed in the final coating material. The organic solvent can be selected from at least one of ethyl acetate, anhydrous ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and acetone. The amount of organic solvent added can be 40-70 parts, for example, 40-60 parts, 50-70 parts, 50-60 parts, etc.

[0054] The coating material provided in this embodiment utilizes a modified fluorosilicone polymer, which possesses excellent weather resistance, low surface free energy, and chemical corrosion resistance. During film formation, it interacts with the polyetheretherketone polymer and modified silica particles to form a stable nano / micron-sized protrusion structure. Precise control of the component ratios ensures sufficient fixation of the protrusion structure, preventing damage and avoiding excessive coating of the modified silica particles by the fluorosilicone and polyetheretherketone polymers, which could negatively impact protrusion formation. In this coating material, the modified fluorosilicone polymer, polyetheretherketone polymer, and modified nanoparticles form an interpenetrating network structure during coating preparation, ultimately resulting in a more stable structure with superior wear resistance, exhibiting nano / micron-sized protrusions that mimic the surface of a lotus leaf. This structure also possesses excellent hydrophobic properties and a long service life.

[0055] In some embodiments, the coating material has a coating thickness of 70μm-120μm. If the coating thickness is too small, the wear resistance of the coating may be insufficient; if the coating thickness is too large, the adhesion between the coating and the workpiece surface may be insufficient, leading to peeling. Therefore, an appropriate coating thickness is beneficial to improving the stability and service life of the coating on the workpiece surface.

[0056] In some embodiments, the molecular chains of the modified fluorosilicone polymer and the polyetheretherketone polymer have multiple connection points, and some of the modified silica particles are connected to these connection points. The connection points between the modified fluorosilicone polymer and the polyetheretherketone polymer make the cross-linking structure between them more stable, forming an interpenetrating network structure. This ultimately results in a more stable structure with superior wear resistance, featuring nano / micron-level protrusions mimicking the surface of a lotus leaf, and exhibiting excellent hydrophobic properties.

[0057] In some embodiments, the liquid contact angle of the coating material surface is 145-160°. The liquid contact angle refers to the angle formed between the tangent of the droplet's surface profile and the solid surface when a liquid droplet lands on it. This angle reflects the wettability of the liquid on the solid surface. Within this liquid contact angle range, water droplets are difficult to adhere to the coating material surface, exhibiting good hydrophobic properties.

[0058] As a second aspect of this application, this application also provides a workpiece, including a primer layer and the aforementioned coating material, wherein the primer layer is located on the surface of the workpiece, and the coating material is located on the side of the primer layer away from the surface of the workpiece.

[0059] The workpiece refers to the workpiece that needs to be processed. The workpiece includes, but is not limited to, various parts of automobiles, such as car doors, door handles, and rearview mirrors. Alternatively, the workpiece may be a part of other equipment or tools. This embodiment does not limit the scope of the workpiece.

[0060] In some embodiments, the primer layer may include a solvent and modified silica particles. Using the same modified silica particles as the coating material as a component of the primer can ensure good compatibility with the coating material, resulting in better adhesion and guaranteeing the stability of the coating material. The solvent may be at least one of ethyl acetate, anhydrous ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and acetone. After treating the workpiece surface with the primer, it is dried to remove the solvent, leaving a layer of modified silica particles adhering to the workpiece surface.

[0061] Specifically, a workpiece with a coating material can be formed in the following manner: First, the workpiece surface is cleaned to remove dust and other impurities. For example, anhydrous ethanol can be used for cleaning; in other embodiments, water may be used. This embodiment does not limit the choice. A primer is then prepared and applied to the workpiece surface to form a primer layer. This primer treatment enhances adhesion and bonding, facilitating the subsequent formation of the coating.

[0062] The above-mentioned coating material is prepared into a solution system, applied to the surface of the workpiece, and then dried to form the coating material. In some embodiments, the coating material can be applied as follows: under conditions of temperature of 10℃-40℃ and humidity of 30%-70%, the material is sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece at an application pressure of 0.3MPa-0.6MPa, and then dried. Spraying the coating material onto the workpiece surface by spraying can result in a uniform and stable coating formation on the workpiece surface.

[0063] The workpiece provided in this embodiment has a primer layer on its surface. A coating material is then adhered to the primer layer, ensuring a firm bond between the coating material and the workpiece surface. Due to the excellent weather resistance, low surface free energy, and chemical corrosion resistance of the modified fluorosilicone polymer in the coating material, it interacts with the polyetheretherketone polymer and modified silica particles during film formation, fixing and forming a stable nano / micron protrusion structure. Precise control of the component ratios ensures sufficient fixing force for the formed protrusion structure, preventing damage and avoiding excessive coating of the modified silica particles by the modified fluorosilicone polymer and polyetheretherketone polymer, which could negatively impact the formation of the protrusion structure. In the aforementioned coating material, the modified fluorosilicone polymer, polyetheretherketone polymer, and modified silica particles form an interpenetrating network structure during coating preparation, ultimately resulting in a more stable structure with superior wear resistance and a nano / micron-level protrusion structure mimicking the surface of a lotus leaf. This gives the workpiece surface excellent hydrophobic properties and a long service life.

[0064] This application also provides a vehicle, at least a portion of which is coated with the aforementioned coating material. By coating the vehicle surface with this material, the modified fluorosilicone polymer, polyetheretherketone polymer, and modified nanoparticles form an interpenetrating network structure during the coating preparation process. This results in a more stable structure with superior wear resistance, featuring nano / micron-level protrusions mimicking the surface of a lotus leaf. It also exhibits excellent hydrophobic properties and a long service life. This prevents ice or frost from forming on the vehicle's surface even in low-temperature environments.

[0065] Specifically, in some embodiments, the vehicle has doors with handles, the surfaces of which are coated with the coating material. By coating the door handle with the material, the door handle gains good hydrophobicity and will not freeze or frost in low-temperature environments, ensuring the door can be opened and closed normally. Of course, it is understood that in other embodiments, the coating material can also be applied to other parts of the vehicle, such as the sunroof surface, rearview mirror surface, etc.

[0066] Figure 2 The image shows a SEM image (microscopic morphology photograph taken with a scanning electron microscope) of the surface structure of a car door handle after coating spraying. It can be seen that its microstructure is composed of nano / micron-level protrusions that mimic the surface of a lotus leaf. The surface of the protrusions is coated with polymer, which forms an air layer between water droplets and the coating surface, preventing water from wetting. This makes it easier to remove ice layers as they cannot be effectively adsorbed.

[0067] It should be noted that the term "automobile" as used in this application includes, but is not limited to, four-wheeled vehicles, three-wheeled vehicles, motorcycles, etc., and may also include new energy vehicles or fuel vehicles, etc., which are not limited in this application.

[0068] This application also provides a workpiece manufacturing method, comprising: applying the above-mentioned coating material to the surface of the workpiece, and drying the coating material at a temperature of 120°C to 140°C. Drying the coating material at a temperature of 120°C to 140°C enables the modified fluorosilicone polymer, polyetheretherketone polymer, and modified nanoparticles to form a more stable interpenetrating network structure at this temperature, thereby achieving a lotus leaf-like coating surface with nano / micron-level protrusions, improving hydrophobic properties and service life.

[0069] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0070] Example 1 A coating liquid is formed by mixing 20 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 5 parts of polyether ether ketone polymer, 15 parts of modified silica particles, 0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.5 parts of additive, and 50 parts of organic solvent.

[0071] A primer and modified silica particles are mixed to form a nano primer. The car door handle is used as the workpiece. The car door handle is cleaned with anhydrous ethanol to remove dust and oil stains, then treated with the nano primer and dried.

[0072] The prepared coating liquid was sprayed onto the pretreated car door handle surface and dried to finally produce an anti-icing car door handle.

[0073] Example 2 A coating liquid is formed by mixing 25 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 5 parts of polyether ether ketone polymer, 15 parts of modified silica particles, 0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.5 parts of additive, and 50 parts of organic solvent.

[0074] A primer and modified silica particles are mixed to form a nano primer. The car door handle is used as the workpiece. The car door handle is cleaned with anhydrous ethanol to remove dust and oil stains, then treated with the nano primer and dried.

[0075] The prepared coating liquid was sprayed onto the pretreated car door handle surface and dried to finally produce an anti-icing car door handle.

[0076] Example 3 A coating liquid is formed by mixing 30 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 5 parts of polyether ether ketone polymer, 15 parts of modified silica particles, 0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.5 parts of additive, and 50 parts of organic solvent.

[0077] A primer and modified silica particles are mixed to form a nano primer. The car door handle is used as the workpiece. The car door handle is cleaned with anhydrous ethanol to remove dust and oil stains, then treated with the nano primer and dried.

[0078] The prepared coating liquid was sprayed onto the pretreated car door handle surface and dried to finally produce an anti-icing car door handle.

[0079] Example 4 A coating liquid is formed by mixing 20 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 8 parts of polyether ether ketone polymer, 15 parts of modified silica particles, 0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.5 parts of additive, and 50 parts of organic solvent.

[0080] A primer and modified silica particles are mixed to form a nano primer. The car door handle is used as the workpiece. The car door handle is cleaned with anhydrous ethanol to remove dust and oil stains, then treated with the nano primer and dried.

[0081] The prepared coating liquid was sprayed onto the pretreated car door handle surface and dried to finally produce an anti-icing car door handle.

[0082] Example 5 A coating liquid is formed by mixing 25 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 8 parts of polyether ether ketone polymer, 15 parts of modified silica particles, 0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.5 parts of additive, and 50 parts of organic solvent.

[0083] A primer and modified silica particles are mixed to form a nano primer. The car door handle is used as the workpiece. The car door handle is cleaned with anhydrous ethanol to remove dust and oil stains, then treated with the nano primer and dried.

[0084] The prepared coating liquid was sprayed onto the pretreated car door handle surface and dried to finally produce an anti-icing car door handle.

[0085] Example 6 A coating liquid is formed by mixing 30 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 8 parts of polyether ether ketone polymer, 15 parts of modified silica particles, 0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.5 parts of additive, and 50 parts of organic solvent.

[0086] A primer and modified silica particles are mixed to form a nano primer. The car door handle is used as the workpiece. The car door handle is cleaned with anhydrous ethanol to remove dust and oil stains, then treated with the nano primer and dried.

[0087] The prepared coating liquid was sprayed onto the pretreated car door handle surface and dried to finally produce an anti-icing car door handle.

[0088] Example 7 A coating liquid is formed by mixing 25 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 10 parts of polyether ether ketone polymer, 20 parts of modified silica particles, 0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.5 parts of additive, and 50 parts of organic solvent.

[0089] A primer and modified silica particles are mixed to form a nano primer. The car door handle is used as the workpiece. The car door handle is cleaned with anhydrous ethanol to remove dust and oil stains, then treated with the nano primer and dried.

[0090] The prepared coating liquid was sprayed onto the pretreated car door handle surface and dried to finally produce an anti-icing car door handle.

[0091] Example 8 A coating liquid is formed by mixing 30 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 10 parts of polyether ether ketone polymer, 20 parts of modified silica particles, 0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.5 parts of additive, and 50 parts of organic solvent.

[0092] A primer and modified silica particles are mixed to form a nano primer. The car door handle is used as the workpiece. The car door handle is cleaned with anhydrous ethanol to remove dust and oil stains, then treated with the nano primer and dried.

[0093] The prepared coating liquid was sprayed onto the pretreated car door handle surface and dried to finally produce an anti-icing car door handle.

[0094] Comparative Example 1 An untreated car door handle sample was selected as Comparative Example 1, wherein the car door handle was from the same batch and of the same type as the car door handles used in Examples 1-8.

[0095] Experimental Example 1 The door handles obtained in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to initial and post-wear-resistant hydrophobicity tests. The liquid contact angle was measured, and the test method was carried out according to the method shown in GB / T 42694-2023. The data obtained are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the liquid contact angle of the original car door handle in Comparative Example 1 was 92°. After the coating treatment, the liquid contact angle of the car door handle in the embodiment became 145°-160°, indicating that the surface free energy was greatly reduced and significantly increased after the coating treatment described in this patent. Water droplets are less likely to accumulate and stay on its surface, and are easier to slide off. According to the actual application of the car door handle in this experimental example, after the abrasion resistance test with white cotton cloth friction medium of 5N / 1k, its liquid contact angle became 107°-118°, and the hydrophobic effect was still much greater than the liquid contact angle of 92° in the comparative example. Through the abrasion resistance tests of Examples 1-8, it can be seen that Example 5 is superior in terms of abrasion resistance performance. Subsequent Experiments 2-4 all used the ratio of Example 5 for the experiment, combined with... Figure 3 and Figure 4The liquid contact angle data shows that the liquid contact angle of the door handle in the example after the coating spraying treatment in Example 5 is significantly greater than that of the original door handle in Comparative Example 1.

[0096] Experimental Example 2 The door handles obtained in Example 5 were subjected to durability and reliability testing. The experimental method is as follows: The door handles after coating treatment were randomly divided into three groups. One group of door handles after coating treatment was subjected to xenon lamp aging for 1500 hours. The xenon lamp parameters were (340nm, (0.55±0.02)W / (m²)). 2 A set of door handles with coating spraying were subjected to heat aging at 90℃ for 168 hours. The same set of door handles with coating spraying were then subjected to an abrasion resistance test with a white cotton cloth friction medium of 5N / 1k.

[0097] The liquid contact angle of the car door handle was measured after the experiment, using the same method as in Experiment Example 1. A curve showing the change in liquid contact angle was then plotted. Figure 5 As shown, from Figure 5 It can be seen that the liquid contact angle of the door handle is still greater than 110° after xenon lamp aging, thermal aging and wear resistance tests, indicating that it has excellent hydrophobicity and durability in real-world applications.

[0098] Experimental Example 3 The surface dust cleaning effect of the car door handles in Example 5 and Comparative Example 1 was compared. The experimental method is as follows: the car door handles were placed in the same open-air environment for 30 days. After 30 days, the car door handles were placed in a water droplet environment so that the water droplets adhered to the surface of the car door handles. After the water droplets fell, the surface adhesion was checked.

[0099] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 The images show a comparison of the cleaning effects of two different door handle cleaning methods. Figure 5 It can be seen that when water droplets roll off the coated door handle, they carry away the dust on its surface, demonstrating a good cleaning effect. In contrast, water droplets from untreated door handles spread and mix with dust on the glass surface, making them relatively difficult to clean. This indicates that the coated door handles have a better dust-proof effect.

[0100] Experiment Example 4 Anti-icing tests were conducted on the door handles obtained in Example 5 and Comparative Example 1. The test method was as follows: the door handles were placed at -15°C and humidity greater than 90% for more than 24 hours.

[0101] Figure 7 The image shows the state of the door handles before the anti-icing test. Figure 8The image shows the state of the door handles after an anti-icing test. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the diagram, ① is the door handle in Comparative Example 1, and ② is the door handle in Example 1.

[0102] from Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that after the coating treatment, water droplets are less likely to remain on the door handle surface and form ice crystal nuclei, thus significantly reducing the freezing temperature. Under -7℃ spray conditions, no continuous ice formation occurs on the surface; only discontinuous, low-adhesion ice slag is generated. Under the same conditions, the uncoated handle surface forms a thicker, continuous ice layer that is extremely difficult to remove. Furthermore, after twenty icing-de-icing cycle tests, the coated door handle still exhibits good hydrophobic and anti-icing effects.

[0103] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A coating material, characterized in that, The product comprises, by weight parts: 20-30 parts of modified fluorosilicone polymer, 5-10 parts of polyetheretherketone polymer, 15-20 parts of modified silica particles, 0.02-0.05 parts of coupling agent, 0.2-1 parts of additive, and 40-70 parts of organic solvent, wherein the end groups or side chains of the modified fluorosilicone polymer contain reactive groups, and the reactive groups include at least one of carboxyl, epoxy, or amino groups.

2. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified silica particles are silica particles modified with a surface modifier, which is used to reduce the surface energy of the silica particles.

3. The coating material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface modifier is selected from (CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2). m CH3、(CH3O)3Si(CH2)2(CF2) n CF3 and (CH3CH2O)3Si(CH2)2(CF2) n At least one of CF3, wherein m≥12, n≥5.

4. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified silica particles have a particle size of 30nm-60nm.

5. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified silica particles are spheres.

6. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling agent includes diisocyanate compounds.

7. The coating material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The coupling agent is selected from at least one of hexamethylene diisocyanate and iverolone diisocyanate.

8. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic solvent is selected from at least one of ethyl acetate, anhydrous ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and acetone.

9. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified fluorosilicone polymer can be obtained by reacting a perfluoropolyether with a modified polysiloxane, wherein the end group or side chain of the modified polysiloxane contains a reactive group, and the reactive group includes at least one of carboxyl, epoxy, or amino groups.

10. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating material has a coating thickness of 70μm-120μm.

11. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molecular chains of the modified fluorosilicone polymer and the polyether ether ketone polymer have multiple connection points, and some of the modified silica particles are connected to these connection points.

12. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid contact angle on the surface of the coating material is 145-160°.

13. A workpiece, characterized in that, include: A primer layer, and a coating material as described in any one of claims 1-12, wherein the primer layer is located on the surface of the workpiece, and the coating material is located on the side of the primer layer away from the surface of the workpiece, the primer comprising a solvent and modified silica particles.

14. A car, characterized in that, At least a portion of the outer surface of the vehicle is coated with the coating material as described in any one of claims 1-12.

15. A method for manufacturing a workpiece, characterized in that, include: The coating material as described in any one of claims 1-12 is applied to the surface of the workpiece, and the coating material is dried at a temperature of 120°C to 140°C.

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