A device and method for surface mechanical attrition treatment of cement-based materials based on controllable rolling by centrifugation

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cement-based material construction and repair engineering, in particular to a cement-based material surface mechanical force strengthening device and method based on centrifugal controllable rolling, which is composed of a moving support system, a centrifugal rolling system, a lifting system and a digital control system, a motor drives a roller to rotate at a high speed, centrifugal force generated by the roller is used as a stable and quantifiable normal rolling force source, and uncontrollable external pressure is replaced, the lifting system can adjust the working height of the roller to adapt to surface undulations, combined with the moving support, continuous and uniform rolling of a complex working surface is realized, the method controls centrifugal rolling force by adjusting the rotating speed of the roller, and combined with real-time height adjustment, the cement-based material surface is plastically rolled in movement, and the application is mainly used for improving the compactness, flatness and mechanical properties of the cement-based material surface, is suitable for new construction or old surface repair, and can effectively improve problems such as surface peeling and powdering, and prolongs the service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction and repair engineering technology for cement-based materials, specifically to a device and method for strengthening the surface mechanical force of cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, surface strengthening methods for cement-based materials mainly rely on pure mechanical force, such as mechanical smoothing, rolling, or vibration. These methods improve the smoothness and density of the cement-based material surface through applied physical force, but they primarily depend on the direct application of mechanical force and lack guidance and optimization of the material's internal microstructure. Therefore, traditional strengthening methods often suffer from problems such as inconsistency between the surface and internal structure, limited strengthening effects, and especially low energy transfer efficiency during the strengthening process.

[0003] The surface strengthening method for cement-based materials proposed in this invention differs from traditional purely mechanical strengthening methods. By employing a strengthening approach based on the mechanically induced enrichment of surface hydration products, this invention applies a continuous and adjustable centrifugal force to the surface of the cement-based material using a centrifugal rolling system. This centrifugal force not only improves surface density but also guides the enrichment of hydration products and structural optimization, thereby effectively enhancing the surface strength and durability of the cement-based material. Compared to traditional methods, this invention provides an innovative technology that can more uniformly and efficiently optimize the surface microstructure of cement-based materials.

[0004] Currently, surface treatment methods for cement-based materials mainly include manual troweling, mechanical smoothing, or local vibration. However, these methods mostly rely on the weight of the equipment, the pressing mechanism, or manual force to achieve the applied pressure. The applied pressure is difficult to control precisely and is greatly affected by the construction posture, operating experience, and surface unevenness, making it difficult to guarantee the uniformity and repeatability of the surface treatment effect.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of strengthening device and method that can achieve stable, adjustable and easily controllable working pressure under surface conditions in order to improve the density and interfacial properties of cement-based materials. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a device and method for strengthening the surface mechanical force of cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for strengthening the surface mechanical force of cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling, comprising:

[0008] Mobile support system, used to support the entire device and enable movement and operational positioning;

[0009] A centrifugal rolling system is disposed on the side of the movable support system near the surface to be treated, and includes a roller and rollers mounted on the roller;

[0010] A lifting system is provided between the mobile support system and the centrifugal rolling system, and is used to adjust the vertical position of the centrifugal rolling system.

[0011] A motor drive system, connected to the roller drive, is used to drive the roller and roller wheel to rotate; and

[0012] A digital control system, connected to the lifting system and the motor drive system, is used for parameter setting, control command transmission, and real-time display of operating data;

[0013] The roller generates centrifugal force when it rotates under the drive of the motor drive system, and converts the centrifugal force into normal rolling force on the surface of the cement-based material; the rolling force on the surface of the device is provided by the centrifugal force and does not depend on the weight of the device or an external pushing mechanism.

[0014] In some embodiments, the bottom of the mobile support system is provided with a retractable retractable hinge bracket, load-bearing casters, and swivel wheels for steering. The bottom of the retractable hinge bracket is provided with an anti-slip silicone pad, which extends to contact the ground during operation to fix the device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the rollers of the centrifugal rolling system are cylindrical with regularly distributed textured structures on their outer surfaces to enhance friction with the cement-based material surface and to distribute the rolling pressure evenly.

[0016] In some embodiments, the lifting system includes a lifting drive module, a lifting transmission module, and a guide support module. The digital control system controls the lifting drive module to drive the centrifugal rolling system to move vertically along the guide support module via the lifting transmission module, so as to adapt to working surfaces of different heights.

[0017] In some embodiments, the digital control system includes a pressure knob, a speed knob, and a lifting knob for setting the rolling pressure, roller speed, and lifting height, as well as a data display for real-time display of the roller speed, rolling pressure, and the reaction force of the cement-based material surface on the roller.

[0018] In some embodiments, the digital control system is configured to determine that the surface of the cement-based material has achieved a stable smoothing or strengthening effect when the reaction force value displayed on the data display gradually decreases and tends to stabilize.

[0019] In some embodiments, the motor drive system is an adjustable speed motor, and the digital control system achieves continuous and precise control of the centrifugal rolling pressure generated by the roller by adjusting the speed of the motor drive system.

[0020] In some embodiments, the device further includes a vertical pressure-applying mechanism for assisting in adjusting the contact pressure between the roller and the surface during the initial contact phase.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: a method for strengthening the surface mechanical force of cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling, using the aforementioned device, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1: Before performing surface strengthening operations, push the device to one side of the cement-based material surface to be treated using the mobile support system, ensuring that the rollers are facing the target surface. Once the device is in place, unfold the retractable hinge bracket at the bottom to make it contact the ground, thereby supporting and fixing the device and ensuring the stability of the overall structure during subsequent operations.

[0023] S2: After the device completes stable support, the key parameters required for the operation are preset using the digital control system, including the target speed of the roller and the corresponding rolling pressure parameters. These parameters serve as the basic control conditions for the operation of the device and provide a basis for subsequent rolling operations.

[0024] S3: After the parameters are set, the lifting system is driven by the digital control system to adjust the position of the centrifugal rolling system in the vertical direction, gradually changing the height of the rollers so that the rollers are close to the surface of the cement-based material and form a stable contact with the surface when the predetermined height is reached.

[0025] S4: After the rollers come into contact with the surface, the motor drive system is activated to rotate the rollers and shafts. During rotation, the rollers generate centrifugal force, which is converted into a continuous normal rolling pressure applied to the surface of the cement-based material, thus initiating the rolling, smoothing, and densification process on the surface.

[0026] S5: Under the condition that the rollers maintain a stable centrifugal rolling pressure, the device moves along the surface of the cement-based material. During this process, the centrifugal rolling system, the lifting system, and the moving support system work together in coordination with the digital control system, enabling the rollers to perform continuous and uniform rolling strengthening treatment on different heights and areas of the surface.

[0027] S6: During the rolling process, the digital control system displays the roller speed, rolling pressure, and the reaction force exerted by the cement-based material surface on the roller in real time. When the reaction force gradually decreases and stabilizes, it indicates that the surface has achieved a stable smoothing or strengthening effect. Subsequently, the roller rotation is stopped and the lifting system is disengaged, separating the roller from the surface. The retractable hinge support is then retracted, completing the entire surface strengthening operation.

[0028] In some embodiments, in step S5, the movement of the device is a single or multiple reciprocating movement, and during the movement, the height of the lifting system is dynamically fine-tuned by the digital control system to adapt to surface undulations, and the rolling pressure is kept constant by adjusting the speed of the motor drive system; in step S6, the criterion for the completion of the reinforcement is that the reaction force is maintained within a stable threshold range within a preset time.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] I. Achieve precise, stable, and proactive control over rolling pressure to improve the consistency of processing results.

[0031] Traditional rolling and smoothing processes for cement-based materials often rely on the weight of the equipment or the pushing force of the operator. These pressure sources are unstable, difficult to quantify, and lack uniformity. The most significant innovation of this invention lies in introducing centrifugal force as the core pressure source. A motor-driven system controls the rollers to rotate at high speed, and the resulting centrifugal force is directly converted into normal rolling pressure acting on the material surface. A digital control system allows for precise setting and adjustment of the motor speed and corresponding rolling pressure via speed and pressure knobs. This pressure generation method, based on the physical principle that centrifugal force is proportional to the square of the rotational speed, fundamentally avoids pressure fluctuations caused by changes in equipment weight or human error in traditional methods. It ensures high stability and consistency of rolling pressure in time and space, thereby significantly improving the reliability of surface smoothing and densification effects.

[0032] II. Enhance the adaptability of the equipment to complex work surfaces and improve construction automation and efficiency.

[0033] This device, through its integrated system design, achieves efficient and continuous processing of uneven surfaces or large-scale work areas. Firstly, the lifting system, controlled by a digital control system, can flexibly adjust the working height of the rollers to adapt to variations in surface undulations. Secondly, the omnidirectional wheels and retractable hinged brackets at the bottom of the mobile support system allow for convenient movement and positioning, while also providing stability during operation by fixing the device to resist rolling reaction forces. During operation, the centrifugal rolling system, lifting system, and mobile support system work in tandem under the coordinated control of the digital control system. This means that as the device moves along the surface, the roller height can be adjusted in real time to maintain optimal contact pressure, achieving continuous and uniform rolling of areas at different heights. This significantly reduces manual intervention and the number of repeated adjustments, greatly improving construction efficiency and adaptability to complex sites.

[0034] Third, introduce quantitative indicators to achieve process monitoring and objective evaluation of results, and ensure construction quality.

[0035] Traditional construction methods heavily rely on workers' experience and lack objective, quantifiable evaluation standards. A major breakthrough of this invention is the incorporation of the reaction force of the cement-based material surface on the roller as a core monitoring and evaluation parameter. The digital control system's data display shows the rolling pressure, rotation speed, and this reaction force in real time. During the rolling process, as the surface is gradually smoothed and densified, its microscopic unevenness decreases, resulting in more uniform and stable support for the roller. This manifests as a gradual decrease in the monitored reaction force, eventually stabilizing at a certain value. Operators can use this reaction force change curve to objectively and quantitatively determine whether the surface strengthening has achieved the preset stable effect, thus scientifically determining the work endpoint. This method reduces reliance on manual experience, making construction quality monitorable, repeatable, and controllable, significantly improving the controllability and standardization of project quality.

[0036] Details of one or more embodiments of this application are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects and advantages of this application more readily apparent. The embodiments of this application will provide a detailed description and understanding of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the mobile support system in this invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the roller structure in this invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting system in this invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Mobile support system; 2. Centrifugal rolling system; 3. Lifting system; 4. Motor drive system; 5. Digital control system;

[0042] 11. Retractable feet; 12. Casters; 13. Swivel wheels;

[0043] 21. Roller; 22. Roller;

[0044] 51. Pressure knob; 52. Speed ​​knob; 53. Lifting knob; 54. Data display. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] To address the problems in existing cement-based material surface repair and smoothing processes, such as difficulty in precisely controlling rolling pressure, lack of quantitative evaluation criteria for smoothing effects, and reliance on manual experience for construction quality, this invention proposes a cement-based material surface strengthening device and method based on centrifugal controllable rolling. This device applies a stable and controllable normal rolling pressure to the cement-based material in the surface direction through centrifugal rolling, and incorporates the wall's feedback reaction force as an evaluation parameter for the smoothing effect, thereby achieving real-time control and effect judgment of the smoothing and densification strengthening process of cement-based materials.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This invention provides a technical solution: a surface strengthening device for cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling, comprising a mobile support system, a centrifugal rolling system, a lifting system, a motor drive system, and a digital control system;

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the device in this embodiment involves five major systems, which are as follows:

[0050] (1) Mobile support system

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the system comprises the base and moving parts of the device. Its main body is a rigid frame, with three functional components integrated at the bottom:

[0052] Casters 12: Usually two fixed heavy-duty casters, which mainly bear most of the weight of the device and allow the device to move easily in a straight line.

[0053] Casters 13: Usually two, located at the front or rear of the frame, work in conjunction with casters 12 to allow the operator to easily push the device and turn it in any direction, facilitating flexible positioning on the construction site.

[0054] Retractable hinge bracket 11: This is crucial for operational stability. It typically consists of four electrically or manually retractable legs, distributed at the four corners or sides of the frame. The legs are equipped with anti-slip silicone pads at their ends (see...). Figure 2 (Note). When the device moves, the retractable hinge bracket 11 is in the retracted state, at a certain height off the ground, supported only by the casters 12 and swivel casters 13. When the device reaches the working position, the retractable hinge bracket 11 extends downwards through the digital control system 5 or manual control until its silicone pad is firmly pressed against the ground. At this time, the casters 12 and swivel casters 13 may be off the ground or still slightly in contact with the ground but no longer bear the main weight. The device is completely fixed by four anti-slip legs, effectively resisting the horizontal reaction force and vibration generated during the rolling operation, preventing the device from slipping or shaking, and providing a stable platform for high-quality rolling.

[0055] (2) Centrifugal rolling system

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, this is the core functional module of the present invention. It is suspended in front of the mobile support system 1 (in the direction of operation) by a rigid mounting arm.

[0057] Roller 21: A high-strength steel shaft mounted at the end of the mounting arm via a bearing housing. One end of it is rigidly connected to the output of the motor drive system 4 via a coupling, belt, or gear, ensuring efficient power transmission.

[0058] Roller 22: Fitted and fixed to roller 21. Its core design feature is:

[0059] Materials: Typically made of high wear-resistant alloy steel or surface-hardened steel, with the interior being either solid or designed with a specific mass distribution.

[0060] Shape: Standard cylindrical shape, width can be designed according to the processing area requirements (e.g., 200mm-600mm).

[0061] Surface texture (see) Figure 3 The outer surface of the cylinder is not smooth, but rather has a regularly distributed textured structure. This texture can be a fine mesh pattern, shallow grooves, or granular protrusions. It serves two purposes: first, it increases the interlocking friction with cement-based materials (especially the plastic surface during the initial to final setting period), preventing the rollers from slipping and ensuring effective transmission of centrifugal force; second, it makes the pressure applied to the surface more evenly distributed, avoiding excessively high local pressure or pressure streaks. The texture can achieve a uniform pressure effect similar to that of a rolling pin.

[0062] The axis of rotation of roller 22 is parallel to the ground. When the motor drives it to rotate at high speed, according to the principles of physics, the roller as a whole (or its intentionally designed unbalanced mass block) will generate a radially outward centrifugal force. When the lower edge of roller 22 presses against the surface of cement-based material, the normal (perpendicular to the surface) component of this centrifugal force at the point of contact constitutes the main rolling pressure source on the surface.

[0063] (3) Lifting system

[0064] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the system is installed between the frame of the mobile support system 1 and the mounting arm of the centrifugal rolling system 2.

[0065] Composition: It is a sophisticated electric lifting mechanism, typically including:

[0066] Lifting drive module: such as servo motor or stepper motor.

[0067] Lifting transmission module: Converts the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion, which can be achieved by using a ball screw pair, precision gear rack or hydraulic cylinder (in conjunction with a servo valve). Figure 4 This diagram illustrates a lead screw drive structure.

[0068] Guide support module: usually two or four high-rigidity linear guides (or optical shafts) to ensure that the centrifugal rolling system 2 moves strictly in the vertical direction during the lifting process, without lateral swaying, and to ensure the stability of the roller 22.

[0069] Function: Under the control of the digital control system 5, the lifting system 3 can precisely and smoothly drive the entire centrifugal rolling system 2 to rise or fall. Its main purposes are: ① Initial positioning: lowering the rollers 22 to just contact the surface to be treated. ② Height adaptation: treating cement-based component surfaces of different thicknesses or elevations. ③ Contour tracking: during the rolling process, the height can be finely adjusted according to a preset program or sensor feedback to adapt to slight surface undulations, ensuring constant pressure.

[0070] (4) Motor drive system

[0071] Typically, this includes a high-power adjustable-speed motor (such as an AC inverter motor or a DC servo motor) and its driver. The motor is mounted on the frame of the mobile support system 1 via a robust base, and its output shaft is connected to the roller 21 via a transmission mechanism. The motor drive system 4 receives speed command signals from the digital control system 5 and precisely controls the rotational speed of the roller 21 and the roller 22. Since centrifugal force is proportional to the square of the rotational speed (…),… Therefore, controlling the rotation speed is equivalent to controlling the rolling pressure at the source. This is the technical basis for achieving "controllable" and "continuously adjustable" pressure.

[0072] (5) Digital control system

[0073] This is the human-machine interface and control center for enabling intelligent and digital operation of the equipment. It typically includes a dustproof and waterproof industrial touchscreen or control panel, integrating the following components:

[0074] Parameter input unit:

[0075] Pressure knob 51: Users can directly set the target rolling pressure value (unit: N or kN). The system has an internal pressure-speed conversion model or curve, which automatically converts the pressure value into the corresponding target speed command and sends it to the motor drive system 4. This knob allows the operator to set the speed intuitively in "force" without having to worry about complex speed calculations.

[0076] Speed ​​knob 52: Users can also directly set the target speed of the roller (unit: rpm). This is a lower-level control mode.

[0077] Lifting knob 53: Used to manually control the lifting action and speed of the lifting system 3.

[0078] (Note: In modern integrated design, the functions of these three "knobs" are usually integrated into the virtual buttons and sliders of the touch screen, while the physical knobs can exist as backup or shortcut operation methods.)

[0079] Data Display 54: Typically an LCD screen, dynamically displaying the following key parameters in real time:

[0080] Real-time rotational speed of the roller: taken from the encoder feedback of the motor.

[0081] Real-time rolling pressure: can be calculated and displayed through a theoretical model ( Alternatively, it can be measured and displayed directly by a force sensor mounted on the roller bearing housing, the latter being more accurate.

[0082] Real-time reaction force: This is a key monitoring parameter of this invention. This force can also be measured using the aforementioned force sensor. When the roller applies pressure to the surface... At that time, the surface will generate a reaction force on the roller that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. On an ideal, perfectly flat, and rigid surface, However, the surface of cement-based materials is deformable in a plastic or semi-plastic state. When the surface is uneven or loose, the roller will "sink" into or need to "flatten" the raised parts, at which point a reaction force... It will exhibit complex fluctuations. As the rolling process continues, the surface is gradually compacted and smoothed, its "rigidity" increases, deformation decreases, and the reaction force... The fluctuation amplitude will gradually decrease and tend towards a stable value. The digital control system 5 has a built-in logic algorithm for continuous monitoring. The change. When the system detects... When the fluctuation range of the value is less than a certain set threshold (e.g., ±5%) within a continuous period of time (e.g., 5-10 seconds), the surface of the area is judged to have achieved a "stable smoothing or strengthening effect". This criterion is objective and quantitative, significantly reducing the reliance on human experience.

[0083] The systems are connected via control buses (such as CAN bus or Ethernet) or analog / digital signal lines to form a collaborative closed-loop or semi-closed-loop control system.

[0084] Based on the above scheme, the detailed steps of its operation are as follows:

[0085] The above-mentioned device is used to perform surface strengthening treatment on a newly poured concrete floor. The steps are as follows:

[0086] S1: Device positioning and fixing

[0087] The operator holds the device's push handle and easily pushes it to the starting end of the area to be treated using casters 12 and swivel casters 13. The device's orientation is adjusted so that the rollers 22 of the centrifugal rolling system 2 are facing the surface to be treated. Then, the "Support Extension" command is triggered on the digital control system 5 panel (or manually). The four legs of the retractable hinge support 11 extend downwards simultaneously, and the anti-slip silicone pads at their ends firmly press against the hardened (or padded) ground around the perimeter of the floor, securely locking the entire device in its current position. At this point, the mobile support system 1 switches from "Mobile Mode" to "Rugged Working Platform Mode."

[0088] S2: Parameter Digital Setting

[0089] On the control panel, the construction technician sets the target rolling pressure for this operation (e.g., setting the pressure knob 51 to "2.5 kN") based on the concrete mix ratio, slump, current age (e.g., after initial setting), and target surface hardness, according to the process specifications or previous test data. Simultaneously, the initial descent speed of the lifting system 3 is set. The processor of the digital control system 5 automatically calculates the corresponding target rotation speed (e.g., 650 rpm) based on the "2.5 kN" target pressure using a built-in algorithm (combined with parameters such as roller mass and radius) or a calibration curve, and stores this as a preset command.

[0090] S3: Roller contact positioning (lifting control)

[0091] The operator presses the "Automatic Descending" button or rotates the lifting knob 53. The digital control system 5 sends a command to the drive motor of the lifting system 3. The lifting system 3 begins to work smoothly, driving the centrifugal rolling system 2 to descend slowly and uniformly via a lead screw drive. The operator can monitor the real-time changes in "roller height" on the data display 54. When the lower edge of the roller 22 is very close to the concrete surface, the system can switch to a low-speed fine descent mode. A more advanced implementation is to install a non-contact displacement sensor (such as an ultrasonic or laser sensor) on the roller mounting arm. When it detects that the distance to the surface is less than a set value (such as 5mm), it automatically triggers a low-speed descent until the roller 22 slightly contacts the surface. When the sensor detects a slight increase in pressure or a stop in displacement, the descent automatically stops. At this point, the roller 22 rests on the surface with minimal preload (possibly only the weight of the roller arm itself), completing precise initial contact positioning.

[0092] S4: Start centrifugal rolling, pressure build-up

[0093] After confirming that roller 22 is correctly in contact with the surface, the operator presses the "Start Rolling" main button. The digital control system 5 executes the following steps sequentially: First, it sends start and acceleration commands to the motor drive system 4. The motor begins to rotate, driving roller 21 and roller 22 to rotate via the transmission mechanism. The speed starts from zero and smoothly increases according to the preset acceleration ramp. The "Real-time Speed" on the data display 54 begins to increase.

[0094] With the rotational speed ( The centrifugal force generated by the roller increases as the temperature rises. The centrifugal force increases rapidly in a square relationship. This centrifugal force is converted into a normal force perpendicular to the concrete surface through the contact point between the roller and the surface, i.e., the rolling pressure P. The "real-time rolling pressure" value on the data display 54 also increases accordingly. The motor continues to accelerate until the "real-time speed" reaches and stabilizes at the preset 650 rpm, at which point the "real-time rolling pressure" also stabilizes near the target value of 2.5 kN. At this point, the powerful, precisely controllable surface rolling pressure has been completely established by the rotational centrifugal force, completely independent of the device's own weight;

[0095] S5: Moving Scan and Continuous Processing

[0096] With the roller (22) maintaining a stable rotational speed of 650 rpm and a constant centrifugal rolling force of 2.5 kN, the operator begins to slowly and uniformly push or pull the device (since the device is fixed by the retractable hinge bracket 11, "movement" here usually refers to the entire device being slowly moved along a preset track by an auxiliary linear drive mechanism, such as an electric guide rail; or in the design of large devices, the retractable hinge bracket 11 itself has the function of "stepping" release and locking to achieve intermittent forward movement). The roller 22 rolls forward relative to the concrete surface while rotating;

[0097] During this movement, the centrifugal rolling system 2 continuously applies constant pressure; the lifting system 3 can be set to "constant pressure mode," that is, by using real-time feedback of the rolling pressure signal, it finely adjusts its own height to compensate for extremely small unevenness of the ground, ensuring constant rolling pressure; the mobile support system 1 provides a stable foundation. All three work synchronously under the coordination of the digital control system 5. The roller 22 acts like an "intelligent road roller," uniformly compacting and smoothing the strip-shaped area it has rolled. Under the combined action of normal pressure and tangential friction, the aggregate in the surface plastic concrete is rearranged, moisture and fine particles float (or are suppressed as needed), and surface pores are squeezed and closed, thereby achieving densification and initial strengthening.

[0098] S6: Reaction Force Monitoring and Intelligent Termination

[0099] Throughout the entire S5 step of the rolling process, in addition to displaying the rotational speed and pressure, the data display 54 of the digital control system 5 continuously records and displays the third key curve—"real-time reaction force R." During the initial rolling, the R value fluctuates significantly due to the loose and uneven surface. As the same area is rolled once or multiple times, the surface becomes dense and smooth, and the fluctuation range of the R value narrows significantly.

[0100] The operator can preset a "stability criterion" in the system, such as: "When the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the reaction force R within 8 consecutive seconds does not exceed 5% of its average value, it is considered stable." When the device processes a certain area, and the system algorithm determines that the condition is met, the digital control system 5 can issue an audible and visual prompt ("The area meets the standard"), or in automatic mode, record the coordinates of the location.

[0101] Once the entire target area has been processed, the operator presses the "Stop" button. The digital control system 5 executes the shutdown sequence: First, it sends a smooth deceleration command to the motor drive system 4, causing the roller speed to smoothly decrease from 650 rpm to zero, thus eliminating the centrifugal rolling pressure. Then, it sends a "Rise" command to the lifting system 3, lifting the roller 22 off the concrete surface. Finally, it controls the retraction hinge bracket 11 to retract, restoring the device to its mobile state, allowing it to be moved or redirected to the next area. The operation is complete.

[0102] Example 1 fully demonstrates the basic principles, core component functions, and standard operating procedures of the device of the present invention, highlighting the three creative features of "centrifugal force generation, numerical control force adjustment, and effect judgment by reaction force".

[0103] The significant advantages of this invention compared to the prior art, based on the technical solution of this application, are as follows:

[0104] (1) By using centrifugal rolling to generate controllable normal rolling pressure in the surface direction, the problem of pressure instability caused by the traditional reliance on the device's own weight or pushing displacement is avoided, thus improving the consistency and reliability of surface smoothing and strengthening effects.

[0105] (2) Through the coordinated action of the lifting system and the digital control system, the roller can operate continuously on surfaces at different heights, which significantly improves the adaptability and construction efficiency of surface repair operations.

[0106] (3) The reaction force generated by the surface of cement-based materials on the roller is introduced into the evaluation process of surface smoothing effect. By real-time monitoring of the change trend of reaction force, the smoothing effect can be quantitatively evaluated, reducing the dependence on manual experience and improving the controllability and repeatability of construction quality.

[0107] Example 2

[0108] Based on Example 1, the integration and application of the "vertical pressure mechanism" will be further described in detail to demonstrate the device's better adaptability and control precision.

[0109] The structural enhancements to this device are detailed below:

[0110] The device in this embodiment includes all the systems of Embodiment 1, and integrates an independent vertical pressure mechanism in the lifting system (3). This mechanism can be implemented in the following ways:

[0111] Type A (Integrated Electric Actuator): The drive motor (servo motor) of the lifting system's transmission module (such as a ball screw) itself possesses a high-precision torque control mode. During the final stage of the roller 22's descent to contact the surface, the digital control system 5 can switch the lifting motor's control mode from "position control" to "torque (force) control." In torque control mode, the system controls the motor to output a constant torque, which is converted into a constant downward thrust through the lead screw. This thrust is the vertical pressure, independent of centrifugal force, used to ensure a stable and controllable initial contact pressure between the roller and the surface when the roller is stationary or rotating at low speed.

[0112] Type B (Independent Pneumatic / Hydraulic Cylinder): A small pneumatic or hydraulic servo cylinder is installed in parallel between the mounting arm of the centrifugal rolling system 2 and the moving slider of the lifting system 3. This cylinder is connected in parallel with the lifting main screw. During the initial contact phase, the main screw is responsible for moving the roller to a position close to the surface, and then this servo cylinder provides precisely adjustable auxiliary downward pressure. Its pressure value can be set by adjusting the air or hydraulic pressure and is fed back by a pressure sensor integrated within the cylinder.

[0113] Type C (Spring-Damping Preload): A spring system with a preload adjustment device is designed at the mounting arm connection. By adjusting the spring preload, a constant initial contact force can be provided. Although the adjustability is not as precise as the previous two types, the structure is simple and reliable.

[0114] This embodiment uses form A as an example for illustration. In this case, the servo motor and driver of the lifting system 3 need to have a full closed-loop control function (including position loop and torque loop), and the transmission efficiency and friction model of the lead screw need to be accurately calibrated so that the motor torque can be accurately converted into output thrust.

[0115] Based on the technical solution of Embodiment 2, the detailed steps of its operation method are as follows:

[0116] The operation method of this embodiment has the same preliminary step S1 (positioning and fixing) as in embodiment one;

[0117] S2: Extended parameter settings

[0118] In the digital control system 5, in addition to setting the final target centrifugal rolling pressure (e.g., 2.5 kN), an "initial contact pressure" (e.g., 0.3 kN) also needs to be set. This pressure is used to ensure good contact between the roller and the surface, avoiding slippage or impact at the moment of start-up;

[0119] S3: Two-stage contact positioning (main lifting + vertical pressure application)

[0120] The operator triggers the "automatic contact" process.

[0121] First stage (position control descent): The digital control system 5 controls the servo motor of the lifting system 3 to work in position control mode, quickly and smoothly lowering the roller 22 to the preset "to-contact position" about 1-2 mm from the surface;

[0122] Phase Two (Torque Control Pressure): The system automatically switches the control mode of the lifting servo motor to torque control mode. The digital control system 5 calculates and outputs the corresponding motor command torque based on the set "initial contact pressure (0.3 kN)" and the calibrated torque-thrust relationship. The servo motor begins to output a constant torque, slowly pushing the centrifugal rolling system 2 downwards via the lead screw. Due to torque control, the thrust is constant. Once the roller 22 contacts the surface, this constant thrust (0.3 kN) continues to act on the surface, causing the roller to slightly "embed" into the plastic surface, establishing a stable contact. At this point, the position ring of the lifting system is effectively "held in place," and the system determines that contact is complete by the stability of the motor current (torque). The data display 54 will show "Contact Pressure: 0.3 kN (Stable)".

[0123] S4: Two-stage pressure build-up (vertical pressure transition to centrifugal rolling)

[0124] The operator initiates the "start rolling" process, and the digital control system 5 executes a smooth pressure transfer procedure:

[0125] 1. Keep the lifting system in torque control mode and maintain an initial contact pressure of 0.3 kN;

[0126] 2. At the same time, the command motor drive system 4 is started and begins to slowly accelerate the roller 22;

[0127] 3. As the roller speed increases, centrifugal force begins to be generated and gradually increases. The digital control system 5 calculates or measures the pressure component contributed by the centrifugal force in real time. ;

[0128] 4. The system makes dynamic adjustments: gradually reducing the torque control command of the lifting system to reduce the vertical thrust it provides. Total pressure It is controlled to remain stable (e.g., always close to 0.3 kN, or with a smooth transition).

[0129] 5. When the roller speed increases to a certain threshold, it causes... When the required contact pressure (e.g., 0.3 kN) is sufficient to withstand the pressure, the system reduces the torque command of the lifting system to zero. At this point, the lifting system completely exits the "pressure application mode" and switches to a pure "height follow-up (position holding or constant clearance) mode".

[0130] 6. The motor drive system 4 continues to accelerate, increasing the roller speed to the final target value (corresponding to a centrifugal pressure of 2.5 kN). At this point, the entire operating pressure of 2.5 kN has been provided by centrifugal force, and the vertical pressure application mechanism has completed its auxiliary function.

[0131] 7. The subsequent S5 (movement processing) and S6 (monitoring termination) steps are basically the same as in Example 1.

[0132] The advantage of this embodiment is that:

[0133] 1. Smoother start-up: Avoids the initial contact instability, jumping or slippage that may occur when the roller directly builds centrifugal force from zero speed;

[0134] 2. More precise pressure control: From the initial contact to full-speed rolling, the total pressure curve is smooth and controllable, which is especially suitable for special materials or thin-layer processing that are sensitive to the initial state;

[0135] 3. Impact of the self-weight of the compensation device: Even if the device as a whole is slightly tilted, the constant initial contact pressure can ensure that the roller and the surface pressure are uniform, thus improving the consistency of the process.

[0136] 4. It embodies a higher level of system integration and intelligent control, and is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0137] Example 3

[0138] This embodiment focuses on enhancing the functions of the digital control system 5 in reaction force monitoring and processing path planning, and demonstrates more complex operation strategies.

[0139] 1. Detailed Explanation of System Functions

[0140] In this embodiment, the software algorithm and hardware configuration of the digital control system 5 are enhanced:

[0141] High-frequency data acquisition: Force sensors used to measure reaction force R have a higher sampling frequency (e.g., 1000 Hz) and can capture more subtle force changes.

[0142] Advanced data processing algorithms: In addition to the simple fluctuation threshold judgment in Example 1, the system incorporates more complex algorithms, such as:

[0143] Trend analysis: The standard deviation and slope of the reaction force R are calculated in real time over a time window. When the standard deviation is below the threshold and the slope approaches zero, the system is considered stable.

[0144] Spatiotemporal mapping: If the device integrates a precise positioning system (such as an encoder to measure the walking distance), the system can associate the value of the reaction force R with its corresponding surface position coordinates (X, Y) to generate a "surface compaction distribution cloud map" which is displayed on the monitor to intuitively show which areas have met the standards and which areas still need to be processed.

[0145] Multi-mode job program library: Operators can choose from several preset job modes:

[0146] Mode 1 (Constant Pressure Single Scan): As in Example 1, a single scan is performed at constant pressure;

[0147] Mode 2 (Constant Pressure Reciprocating Scan): Suitable for areas requiring multiple rolling passes. After the device reaches the end, it is automatically or manually controlled to return, performing secondary and tertiary rolling passes until the reaction force reaches the stability criterion;

[0148] Mode 3 (Gradient Pressure Scan): For situations requiring progressive compaction (such as bottom-layer large aggregate concrete), the program can be set as follows: the first pass uses a lower pressure (e.g., 1.0 kN) for initial leveling; the second pass automatically increases the pressure to 1.8 kN for medium pressure; the third pass uses 2.5 kN for final compaction and surface glazing. After each pass, the system can automatically prompt or wait for confirmation.

[0149] Mode 4 (Adaptive Pressure Mode): The system dynamically fine-tunes the target pressure or travel speed based on real-time feedback of the reaction force R. For example, when entering a significantly loose area (where the R value suddenly decreases), the system can automatically slightly increase the rotation speed to increase the pressure, or decrease the travel speed to increase the pressure exposure time in that area.

[0150] 2. Example of intelligent operation method (taking mode 2 + intelligent termination as an example)

[0151] Suppose we want to reinforce a patch area with uneven quality.

[0152] S1-S4: Same as in Example 1 or 2, complete positioning, set the target pressure of 2.0 kN, and start centrifugal rolling;

[0153] S5: Round-trip scanning and real-time monitoring

[0154] The operator selects "Mode 2: Reciprocating Scan to Stabilization". The device begins its first forward scan. On the data display (54), the reaction force R curve changes with position. After the first scan, the system records the R value at each position point and calculates its stability. After the scan reaches the end, the device automatically stops moving forward;

[0155] S6: Intelligent Decision-Making and Iteration

[0156] The algorithm of the digital control system (5) immediately analyzes the data from the initial scan. It may produce two results:

[0157] Result A (some areas have met the criteria): The cloud map shows that the R value in the first half of the area has stabilized in the last half (meeting the criterion), while the R value in the second half still fluctuates significantly;

[0158] System Action: The system prompts, "First half complete, second half requires further processing." The operator or automated control device only performs a second round-trip scan on the areas that did not meet the standards in the second half. This iterative process continues until the entire area's reaction force cloud map displays "stable green." This targeted iteration significantly improves operational efficiency and avoids over-processing of already compliant areas.

[0159] Result B (Overall Failure to Meet Standards): After the initial scan, the R values ​​of all regions failed to meet the stability criterion.

[0160] System Action: The system prompts "Perform a second overall scan." The device automatically or manually returns to the starting point to perform a second full-range rolling. Simultaneously, the system compares the R-curve of the second scan with that of the first. Ideally, the overall fluctuation of the second R-curve should be less than that of the first, and the average value may be slightly higher (due to surface hardening). The system continues to evaluate until, after a certain scan, the overall stability criterion is met.

[0161] The definition of the completion criterion is refined: In this embodiment, the criterion can be set as "in two consecutive round-trip scans, the average value of the reaction force R changes by less than 2% at more than 95% of the coordinate points on the surface, and its fluctuation coefficient (standard deviation / average) is less than 5%". This is a more rigorous and reliable standard for determining the quality endpoint.

[0162] Safety and Anomaly Handling: The system also monitors for abnormal situations. For example, if the reaction force R suddenly increases sharply (possibly due to encountering a hidden hard block or steel bar), the system will immediately trigger an emergency stop: instantly cutting off the motor power (possibly activating electric braking) and issuing an alarm to prevent equipment damage or roller bouncing that could cause a safety accident.

[0163] Example 3 demonstrates how the present invention evolves from a "CNC pressure roller" into an "intelligent surface treatment robot". By making deep use of the feedback information of reaction force, it achieves optimization of processing strategy, precise quality control and intelligent operation process.

[0164] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

[0165] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for strengthening the surface mechanical force of cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling, characterized in that: include: Mobile support system (1) is used to support the entire device and realize its movement and operation positioning; Centrifugal rolling system (2) is provided on the side of the mobile support system (1) near the surface to be treated, including roller (21) and rollers (22) mounted on the roller (21). A lifting system (3) is provided between the mobile support system (1) and the centrifugal rolling system (2) for adjusting the vertical position of the centrifugal rolling system (2); The motor drive system (4) is connected to the roller (21) for driving the roller (21) and the roller (22) to rotate; as well as The digital control system (5) is connected to the lifting system (3) and the motor drive system (4) and is used for parameter setting, control command sending and real-time display of running data; The roller (22) generates centrifugal force when it rotates under the drive of the motor drive system (4), and converts the centrifugal force into a normal rolling force on the surface of the cement-based material; the rolling force on the surface of the device is provided by the centrifugal force and does not depend on the weight of the device or an external pushing mechanism.

2. The surface mechanical strengthening device for cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile support system (1) is provided with a retractable retractable hinge bracket (11), a load-bearing caster (12), and a swivel wheel (13) for steering at the bottom. The retractable hinge bracket (11) is provided with an anti-slip silicone pad at the bottom, which extends out to contact the ground during operation to fix the device.

3. The surface mechanical strengthening device for cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rollers (22) of the centrifugal rolling system (2) are cylindrical structures with regularly distributed textures on their outer surfaces to enhance friction with the cement-based material surface and make the rolling pressure distribution uniform.

4. The surface mechanical strengthening device for cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting system (3) includes a lifting drive module, a lifting transmission module and a guide support module. The digital control system (5) controls the lifting drive module to drive the centrifugal rolling system (2) to move vertically along the guide support module via the lifting transmission module to adapt to working surfaces of different heights.

5. The surface mechanical strengthening device for cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The digital control system (5) includes a pressure knob (51), a speed knob (52), and a lifting knob (53) for setting the rolling pressure, roller speed, and lifting height, as well as a data display (54) for displaying the roller speed, rolling pressure, and the reaction force of the cement-based material surface on the roller (22) in real time.

6. The surface mechanical strengthening device for cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The digital control system (5) is configured to determine that the surface of the cement-based material has achieved a stable smoothing or strengthening effect when the reaction force value displayed by the data display (54) gradually decreases and tends to stabilize.

7. The surface mechanical strengthening device for cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The motor drive system (4) is an adjustable speed motor. The digital control system (5) adjusts the speed of the motor drive system (4) to achieve continuous and precise control of the centrifugal rolling pressure generated by the roller (22).

8. The surface mechanical strengthening device for cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a vertical pressure application mechanism for assisting in adjusting the contact pressure between the roller and the surface during the initial contact phase.

9. A method for strengthening the surface mechanical force of cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling, characterized in that: The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1. Move the device to the vicinity of the surface to be treated and fix it in place using the moving support system (1); S2. Set the target rolling pressure and the corresponding roller (22) speed parameters through the digital control system (5); S3. The lifting system (3) is lowered by the digital control system (5) so that the roller (22) contacts the surface of the cement-based material. S4. Start the motor drive system (4) to drive the roller (22) to rotate, so that it generates centrifugal force and converts it into normal rolling force on the surface to perform rolling strengthening; S5. During the rolling process, the surface is continuously rolled by the moving device along the surface. S6. The reaction force of the cement-based material surface on the roller (22) is monitored by the digital control system (5). When the reaction force tends to stabilize, the strengthening is determined to be completed. Then the roller (22) is stopped from rotating and the roller (22) is lifted off the surface.

10. The method for strengthening the surface of cement-based materials based on centrifugal controllable rolling according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S5, the movement of the device is a single or multiple reciprocating movement, and during the movement, the height of the lifting system (3) is dynamically fine-tuned by the digital control system (5) to adapt to the surface undulations, and the rolling pressure is kept constant by adjusting the speed of the motor drive system (4); in step S6, the criterion for the completion of the reinforcement is that the reaction force is maintained within a stable threshold range within a preset time.

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