A hydraulic tongs main tong automatic reversing device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of well repair tool, disclose a kind of hydraulic tong main tong automatic reversing device, it includes lifting type guide mechanism, reversing screw sleeve mechanism and limiting mechanism;Lifting type guide mechanism includes fixed vertical cylinder, lifting drive cylinder, sliding cylinder and guide plate, guide plate includes upper guide plate and lower guide plate;Reversing screw sleeve mechanism includes reversing screw, sleeve, cross bar and guide wheel, reversing screw includes stem and rod base, stem is equipped with several same pitch helical line, rod base is equipped with the opening slot of accommodating main tong reversing knob, sleeve inner wall is equipped with the helical groove matched with helical line;Limiting mechanism includes limiting casing, middle plate and support column, limiting casing is equipped with vertical guide slot.The present application realizes the hydraulic tong main tong automatic reversing function, device is divided into fixed structure and follow-up structure two parts, with the outstanding characteristics of simple structure, easy assembly, smooth operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of well workover tools, and more specifically to an automatic reversing device for the main hydraulic tongs. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional well workover operations in oilfields, hydraulic tongs are the most important tool, responsible for attaching and detaching tubing, replacing manual tubing wrenches and reducing labor intensity. Manually operating hydraulic tongs at the wellhead requires reaching inside the tongs to turn a knob, switching the main and back tongs, changing the forward and reverse direction of the tongs, and switching between attaching and detaching. Even after automation upgrades, wellhead operations have become unmanned, but manual tong reversal still requires manual operation. From a practical perspective, manual reversal presents the following difficulties: 1) Risk of personnel coordination issues, with the risk of accidental injury; 2) Even with automated operations, there is no wellhead operator responsible for tong reversal, requiring a separate position; 3) Many operational processes require frequent switching of the tongs, resulting in high labor intensity; 4) In the event of well control risks, the tongs need to be reversed, posing a significant risk to manual operation. Hydraulic tong reversal includes both main tong reversal and back tong reversal. Back tong reversal, due to its rotating ramp locking structure and fixed knob, eliminates the need for a full rotation, making it convenient for reversing. Due to the structural design of the main clamp, the inner core needs to rotate more than 10 times for a single clamping operation, and the main clamp reversing knob must also rotate concentrically with it. However, the mechanisms used to achieve the automatic reversing function all have electrical wires or hydraulic lines, which cannot rotate with the inner core of the main clamp. Invention patent CN104018794A discloses a hydraulically controlled stop pin reset device for a power clamp guide rail, including a clamp body, a clamp head gear assembly, a clamp head clamping mechanism, a stop pin, a reset gear shaft, a reset gear seat, a bearing, an indicator, a rack-and-pinion hydraulic cylinder, a guide rail frame, a transfer hydraulic cylinder, and a limit screw. The stop pin is located on the clamp head gear assembly. Although this patent achieves automatic reversing of the power clamp, its structure is relatively complex, assembly is cumbersome, and its operational stability is poor. Therefore, developing an automatic reversing device for the main clamp that is simple in structure, easy to assemble, and operates smoothly is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic reversing device for the main clamp of a hydraulic clamp, the technical solution of which is as follows: An automatic reversing device for a hydraulic clamp main clamp includes a fixed housing and a rotating inner core, with a reversing knob on the rotating inner core. The device comprises a lifting guide mechanism, a reversing screw sleeve mechanism, and a limiting mechanism. The lifting guide mechanism includes a fixed vertical cylinder, a lifting drive cylinder, a sliding cylinder, and a guide plate. The lower end of the fixed vertical cylinder and the lower end of the cylinder body of the lifting drive cylinder are fixed to the fixed housing. The sliding cylinder is fitted around the fixed vertical cylinder and can slide up and down along it. The upper end of the lifting rod of the lifting drive cylinder is connected to the upper outer side of the sliding cylinder away from the rotating inner core. The guide plate includes an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate, which are fixed at intervals to the lower outer side of the sliding cylinder near the rotating inner core. The upper and lower guide plates are parallel and perpendicular to the sliding cylinder. The reversing screw and sleeve mechanism includes a reversing screw, a sleeve, a crossbar, and a guide wheel. The reversing screw includes a shaft and a fixed base below it. A spiral area is provided around the shaft, and several equally spaced spiral lines are provided in the spiral area. The upper and lower ends of each spiral line are located at the top and bottom of the spiral area, respectively. The base has an opening slot that can accommodate the main clamp reversing knob. The inner wall of the sleeve has a spiral groove that mates with the spiral lines. One end of the crossbar is connected to the outer wall of the sleeve, and the other end is fitted with a guide wheel. The guide wheel can pass between the upper and lower guide plates. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting housing, an intermediate plate, and a support column connected in sequence. The limiting housing has a vertical guide groove with an opening at the bottom. The limiting housing is fitted around the shaft and sleeve. The crossbar can move up and down along the vertical guide groove. The support column is fixed to the rotating inner core.

[0004] Further optimization involves providing upper guide plate slopes that gradually slope inward from top to bottom on both sides of the upper guide plate, and lower guide plate slopes that gradually slope inward from bottom to top on both sides of the lower guide plate. The upper and lower guide plate slopes on the same side form a trumpet shape.

[0005] Further optimization involves hinged connections between the upper end of the lifting rod of the lifting drive cylinder and the upper part of the slide cylinder, and hinged connections between the lower end of the cylinder body of the lifting drive cylinder and the fixed housing.

[0006] Further optimization involves using a pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric cylinder for the lifting drive.

[0007] Further optimization involves making the cross-section of the spiral and spiral groove rectangular.

[0008] Further optimization involves providing four equally spaced spiral lines within the spiral region of the commutation screw.

[0009] Further optimization involves providing four helical grooves on the inner wall of the threaded sleeve that mate with the helix.

[0010] Further optimization involves providing threads near the guide wheel of the crossbar assembly, with the guide wheel secured to the crossbar by a nut.

[0011] Further optimization involves providing an intermediate plate notch that corresponds to the position of the inner cavity of the limiting housing and the vertical guide groove.

[0012] Further optimization involves providing two support columns located on either side of the opening in the middle plate.

[0013] The present invention has the following main technical advantages: 1. This invention achieves automatic reversing of the hydraulic clamp main clamp through a reasonable overall structural layout, eliminating the need for a separate reversing station, avoiding the risks of accidental injury during manual operation and reversing during emergency operations, and avoiding the high-intensity labor caused by frequent manual reversing, further improving the automation and unmanned wellhead operation.

[0014] 2. The device of the present invention consists of two parts: a fixed structure and a follow-up structure, which fundamentally solves the problem of installation difficulties caused by the inability of pipelines and wires to rotate.

[0015] 3. This invention allows the main clamp reversing knob to be easily rotated by the rotational motion of the reversing screw during the upward process, thus truly realizing automatic reversing of the main clamp.

[0016] 4. This invention has a simple structure, is easy to assemble, and operates stably, and has good prospects for promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural layout of the reversal starting state of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural layout of the commutation end state of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural layout of the reversing screw sleeve mechanism and the limiting mechanism of the hydraulic clamp after reversal, when they rotate together with the rotating inner core during the operation of the hydraulic clamp after reversal. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slide and guide plate structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the commutation screw structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the screw sleeve, crossbar, and guide wheel structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting mechanism structure of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Rotating inner core, 2-Support column, 3-Intermediate plate, 4-Limiting housing, 5-Horizontal bar, 6-Upper guide plate, 7-Lifting drive cylinder, 8-Fixed vertical cylinder, 9-Fixed housing, 10-Slide cylinder, 11-Lower guide plate, 12-Guide wheel, 13-Main clamp reversing knob, 14-Upper guide plate inclined surface, 15-Lower guide plate inclined surface, 16-Bar body, 17-Helical area, 18-Helical line, 19-Bar seat, 20-Opening slot, 21-Nut, 22-Threaded sleeve, 23-Helical groove, 24-Vertical guide groove, 25-Intermediate plate notch. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Example 1

[0019] See Figures 1 to 7 An automatic reversing device for a hydraulic clamp main clamp includes a fixed housing 9 and a rotating inner core 1, with a main clamp reversing knob 13 on the rotating inner core 1. The device includes a lifting guide mechanism, a reversing screw sleeve mechanism, and a limiting mechanism. The lifting guide mechanism includes a fixed vertical cylinder 8, a lifting drive cylinder 7, a sliding cylinder 10, and a guide plate. The lower end of the fixed vertical cylinder 8 and the lower end of the cylinder body of the lifting drive cylinder 7 are both fixed to the fixed housing 9. The sliding cylinder 10 is fitted around the fixed vertical cylinder 8 and can slide up and down along it. The upper end of the lifting rod of the lifting drive cylinder 7 is connected to the upper outer side of the sliding cylinder 10 away from the rotating inner core 1. The guide plate includes an upper guide plate 6 and a lower guide plate 11, which are fixed at intervals to the lower outer side of the sliding cylinder 10 near the rotating inner core 1. The upper guide plate 6 and the lower guide plate 11 are arranged parallel to each other and are perpendicular to the sliding cylinder 10. The reversing screw sleeve mechanism includes a reversing... The reversing screw includes a rod body 16 and a rod seat 19 fixed below it. A spiral area 17 is provided around the rod body 16. Several spiral lines 18 with the same spacing are provided in the spiral area 17. The upper and lower ends of each spiral line 18 are located at the top and bottom of the spiral area 17, respectively. The rod seat 19 has an opening slot 20 that can accommodate the main clamp reversing knob 13. The inner wall of the screw sleeve 22 has a spiral groove 23 that cooperates with the spiral lines 18. One end of the crossbar 5 is connected to the outer wall of the screw sleeve 22, and the other end is fitted with the guide wheel 12. The guide wheel 12 can pass between the upper guide plate 6 and the lower guide plate 11. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting housing 4, an intermediate plate 3 and a support column 2 connected in sequence. The limiting housing 4 has a vertical guide groove 24 with an opening at the bottom. The limiting housing 4 is fitted around the rod body 16 and the screw sleeve 22. The crossbar 5 can move up and down along the vertical guide groove 24. The support column 2 is fixed on the rotating inner core 1. Example 2

[0020] See Figures 1 to 7 An automatic reversing device for the main clamp of a hydraulic clamp, based on the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, has upper guide plate 6 with inclined surfaces 14 on both sides that gradually slope inward from top to bottom, and lower guide plate 11 with inclined surfaces 15 on both sides that gradually slope inward from bottom to top. The inclined surfaces 14 and 15 on the same side form a trumpet shape. This design facilitates the smooth movement of the guide wheel 12 between the upper guide plate 6 and the lower guide plate 11. Example 3

[0021] See Figures 1 to 7 An automatic reversing device for the main clamp of a hydraulic clamp, based on the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, wherein the upper end of the lifting rod of the lifting drive cylinder 7 is hinged to the upper part of the slide cylinder 10, and the lower end of the cylinder body of the lifting drive cylinder 7 is hinged to the fixed housing 9; the lifting drive cylinder 7 is a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric cylinder. Example 4

[0022] See Figures 1 to 7 An automatic reversing device for a hydraulic clamp master clamp, based on the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, has a rectangular cross-section for the helical line 18 and the helical groove 23, so that a larger contact area can be provided when the helical line 18 and the helical groove 23 are screwed together, thereby enhancing the stability of the connection and the tightening torque, and helping to reduce the friction and resistance generated during the screwing process; the reversing screw has four equally spaced helical lines 18 in the helical region 17 of the shaft 16, and the inner wall of the screw sleeve 22 has four helical grooves 23 that cooperate with the helical lines 18, so as to enhance the overall stability when the helical lines 18 and the helical grooves 23 are screwed together. Example 5

[0023] See Figures 1 to 7 An automatic reversing device for the main clamp of a hydraulic clamp, based on the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, has a thread near the position where the guide wheel 12 is mounted on the crossbar 5, and the guide wheel 12 is fastened to the crossbar 5 with a nut 21. Example 6

[0024] See Figures 1 to 7 An automatic reversing device for hydraulic clamp main clamps, based on the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, wherein the intermediate plate 3 is provided with an intermediate plate notch 25 corresponding to the inner cavity of the limiting housing 4 and the vertical guide groove 24, so as to facilitate installation and operation; two support columns 2 are provided and located on both sides of the intermediate plate notch 25.

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, its working principle is briefly described below: Install the device in place. When automatic reversal is required, the controller controls the lifting drive cylinder 7 to raise its lifting rod, causing the slide cylinder 10 to rise accordingly. The guide wheel 12, located between the upper guide plate 6 and the lower guide plate 11 on the side of the slide cylinder 10, rises synchronously and drives the threaded sleeve 22 to rise synchronously via the crossbar 5. The spiral groove 23 inside the threaded sleeve 22 engages with the spiral line 18 of the reversing screw. During the engagement process, the reversing screw rotates, causing the opening groove 20 of the reversing screw's rod seat 19 to drive the main clamp reversing knob 13 to rotate 180 degrees, realizing the hydraulic clamp reversal. After reversal, the rotating inner core 1 rotates together with the reversing screw threaded sleeve mechanism and the limiting mechanism to perform the upper buckling operation. When unhooking is required for reverse reversal, the guide wheel 12 returns to between the upper guide plate 6 and the lower guide plate 11, the lifting drive cylinder 7 retracts, driving the reversing screw to rotate, causing the opening groove 20 of the reversing screw's rod seat 19 to drive the main clamp reversing knob 13 to rotate 180 degrees in the opposite direction, completing the reverse reversal.

Claims

1. An automatic reversing device for a hydraulic clamp main clamp, the hydraulic clamp main clamp comprising a fixed housing and a rotating inner core, the rotating inner core being provided with a main clamp reversing knob, characterized in that, This type of hydraulic clamp main clamp automatic reversing device includes a lifting guide mechanism, a reversing screw sleeve mechanism, and a limiting mechanism. The lifting guide mechanism includes a fixed vertical cylinder, a lifting drive cylinder, a sliding cylinder, and a guide plate. The lower end of the fixed vertical cylinder and the lower end of the cylinder body of the lifting drive cylinder are both fixed to a fixed housing. The sliding cylinder is fitted around the fixed vertical cylinder and can slide up and down along it. The upper end of the lifting rod of the lifting drive cylinder is connected to the upper outer side of the sliding cylinder away from the rotating inner core. The guide plate includes an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate, which are fixed at intervals to the lower outer side of the sliding cylinder near the rotating inner core. The upper and lower guide plates are parallel and perpendicular to the sliding cylinder. The reversing screw sleeve mechanism includes a reversing screw, a sleeve, a crossbar, and... The guide wheel and reversing screw include a rod body and a rod seat fixed below it. A spiral area is provided around the rod body, and several spiral lines with equal spacing are provided in the spiral area. The upper and lower ends of each spiral line are located at the top and bottom of the spiral area, respectively. The rod seat has an open slot that can accommodate the main pliers reversing knob. The inner wall of the screw sleeve has a spiral groove that mates with the spiral lines. One end of the crossbar is connected to the outer wall of the screw sleeve, and the other end is fitted with a guide wheel. The guide wheel can pass between the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting housing, an intermediate plate, and a support column connected in sequence. The limiting housing has a vertical guide groove with an opening at the bottom. The limiting housing is fitted around the rod body and the screw sleeve. The crossbar can move up and down along the vertical guide groove. The support column is fixed on the rotating inner core.

2. The hydraulic clamp master clamp automatic reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the upper guide plate are provided with upper guide plate slopes that gradually slope inward from top to bottom, and both sides of the lower guide plate are provided with lower guide plate slopes that gradually slope inward from bottom to top. The upper guide plate slopes and lower guide plate slopes on the same side form a trumpet shape.

3. The hydraulic clamp master clamp automatic reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the lifting rod of the lifting drive cylinder is hinged to the upper part of the slide cylinder, and the lower end of the cylinder body of the lifting drive cylinder is hinged to the fixed housing.

4. The hydraulic clamp master clamp automatic reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting drive cylinder is a pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric cylinder.

5. The hydraulic clamp master clamp automatic reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the spiral and spiral groove is rectangular.

6. The hydraulic clamp master clamp automatic reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reversing screw has four equally spaced spiral lines in the spiral region of its shaft.

7. The hydraulic clamp master clamp automatic reversing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner wall of the threaded sleeve is provided with four spiral grooves that mate with the spiral line.

8. The hydraulic clamp master clamp automatic reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crossbar assembly has threads near the guide wheel, and the guide wheel is fastened to the crossbar with a nut.

9. The hydraulic clamp master clamp automatic reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate plate has a notch corresponding to the position of the inner cavity of the limiting shell and the vertical guide groove.

10. The hydraulic clamp master clamp automatic reversing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The support column is provided in two parts and is located on both sides of the gap in the middle plate.

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