A lock release device

Abstract

The application discloses a locking release device, a shell assembly, and an inner cylinder assembly arranged in the shell assembly; the inner cylinder assembly is used for accommodating a component to be released, the bottom of the component to be released is provided with at least one clamping groove; the inner cylinder assembly is provided with at least one clamping jaw, the clamping jaw can be engaged with the clamping groove, so that the component to be released is axially locked when the component to be released is not driven by external force; and an elastic element applies elastic force along the movement direction of the clamping jaw, so that the clamping jaw locks the component to be released. The clear mechanical locking relationship between the clamping jaw and the clamping groove of the bottom of the fire bomb can avoid the fire bomb from moving or loosening by only relying on friction or simple support; the elastic element continuously applies elastic force, so that the clamping jaw always keeps close engagement with the clamping groove of the fire bomb, thereby improving the stability and safety of the fire bomb during storage, transportation and the process of being ready to be put.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical locking and releasing technology, and in particular to a locking and releasing device for locking a component to be released and releasing it under the action of external force. Background Technology

[0002] In relevant application scenarios, it is often necessary to install cylindrical components or similar components to be released into a load-bearing structure and keep them reliably locked in the non-working state to prevent the components to be released from accidentally disengaging due to vibration, shaking or gravity; at the same time, when the predetermined working conditions are met, it is also necessary to enable the components to be released to quickly and reliably disengage from the locking structure.

[0003] In existing technologies, common locking methods mainly include rigid snap-fit, pin fixing, or simple friction retention. While these methods can secure the component to be released to a certain extent, they still have the following problems: First, the locking stability of some structures is poor, and they are prone to loosening under vibration or impact; second, some structures require an additional complex drive mechanism for release, resulting in a complex overall structure, difficult assembly, and insufficient reliability. In addition, existing structures also suffer from unstable locking force, unsmooth release action, and insufficient guidance of internal components, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve both locking reliability and release controllability.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a locking and releasing device that is compact, reliable in locking, smooth in releasing, and easy to assemble, in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a locking and releasing device to at least solve the problems of insufficient locking stability, unreliable release action, and poor internal structure guidance in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a locking and releasing device, comprising a housing assembly, an inner cylinder assembly disposed inside the housing assembly, at least one pawl disposed on the inner cylinder assembly, an elastic element for driving the pawl to lock, and a first abutment plate disposed on the inner cylinder assembly; the inner cylinder assembly is used to accommodate a component to be released, the component to be released having a groove that engages with the pawl; the elastic element is driven to engage with the inner cylinder assembly and / or the pawl to drive the pawl to engage with the groove to form an axial lock on the component to be released; the first abutment plate is movably connected to the inner cylinder assembly and is used to abut against the component to be released during loading, locking, or releasing; the pawl is capable of disengaging from the groove when the component to be released is subjected to a predetermined external force, thereby releasing the component from the locking and releasing device.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer shell assembly includes an outer cylinder, the inner cylinder assembly is disposed inside the outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder assembly form a guiding fit. The outer cylinder is used to provide radial support and movement limit for the inner cylinder assembly, so that the inner cylinder assembly maintains a predetermined relative position in the locked state and moves relative to the outer cylinder in a predetermined direction under the drive of an external force.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer shell assembly also includes a plurality of reinforcing ribs, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the outer cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner cylinder assembly includes a first inner cylinder and a second inner cylinder, and the elastic drive assembly includes a third elastic element disposed between the first inner cylinder and the second inner cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the first inner cylinder is provided with a first receiving cavity for accommodating the third elastic element.

[0011] Furthermore, the second inner cylinder is provided with a first mounting seat, and the claw is rotatably connected to the first mounting seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the first inner cylinder is provided with a groove, at least part of the groove wall is an inclined guide surface, the claw is provided with a mating inclined surface that cooperates with the guide surface, and the third elastic element drives the claw to move toward the part to be released through the cooperation of the guide surface and the mating inclined surface.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a first elastic element connected to the claw for providing an elastic preload to the claw. The claw is configured as a plurality of claws, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the component to be released, so as to form a multi-point annular lock on the component to be released.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking and releasing device also includes a first abutment plate and a second elastic element. The first end of the second elastic element is connected to a second mounting seat on the second inner cylinder, and the second end of the second elastic element is connected to the first abutment plate. The second inner cylinder is also provided with a first guide groove, and the first abutment plate is slidably disposed relative to the first guide groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner cylinder assembly is tapered or guide-shaped to guide the axial movement of the component to be released and to ensure the engagement accuracy of the chuck and the slot.

[0016] The locking and releasing device provided by the present invention, by setting an inner cylinder assembly inside the outer shell assembly, and setting at least one claw, an elastic element for driving the claw to form a locking, and a first abutment plate on the inner cylinder assembly, allows the part to be released to be accommodated in the inner cylinder assembly and to be axially locked by the claw engaging with the slot on the part to be released, thereby establishing a clear and reliable locking relationship, improving the stability of the part to be released after loading and in the locked state, and improving the problem of insufficient locking stability in the prior art; the first abutment plate is movably connected to the inner cylinder assembly and abuts against the part to be released during loading, locking or releasing, providing effective contact support and motion constraint during the movement of the part to be released, making the movement path of the part to be released in the inner cylinder assembly clearer, which is beneficial to improving the guiding performance of the internal structure and reducing the shaking, deflection or jamming of the part to be released during the movement. Attached Figure Description

[0017] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0018] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the outer shell assembly, inner cylinder assembly, and release component according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the locking and releasing device in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation of the first inner cylinder, the second inner cylinder, and the elastic element in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the claw and the first mounting base in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the inner cylinder assembly in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the chuck claw in one embodiment of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Outer shell assembly; 11. Outer cylinder; 12. Reinforcing rib; 2. Inner cylinder assembly; 21. First inner cylinder; 212. Groove; 213. Guide surface; 22. Second inner cylinder; 221. First mounting base; 222. First elastic element; 224. First guide groove; 225. Second mounting base; 23. First abutment plate; 231. Second elastic element; 3. Claw; 31. Mating inclined surface; 4. Third elastic element; 5. Component to be released; 51. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, the terms "inner side," "outer side," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," "upper," "lower," etc., are used only to facilitate the explanation of this invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0021] The technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a locking and releasing device, including a housing assembly 1, an inner cylinder assembly 2 disposed inside the housing assembly 1, at least one claw 3 disposed on the inner cylinder assembly 2, and an elastic element.

[0023] The outer casing assembly 1 serves as the external support and mounting base for the locking and releasing device. Preferably, the outer casing assembly 1 includes an outer cylinder 11, which may be cylindrical in shape, with an internal mounting space for accommodating the inner cylinder assembly 2. The outer cylinder 11 is sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder assembly 2 and forms a guiding engagement with the inner cylinder assembly 2 to provide radial support and movement limitation for the inner cylinder assembly 2, so that the inner cylinder assembly 2 maintains a predetermined relative position in the locked state and moves relative to the outer cylinder 11 in a predetermined direction under the drive of an external force.

[0024] Furthermore, the outer shell assembly 1 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 12 circumferentially near the inner cylinder assembly 2. The reinforcing ribs 12 can be circumferentially spaced on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 11 or at adjacent structures to improve the overall rigidity and local load-bearing capacity of the outer shell assembly 1. The reinforcing ribs 12 can not only enhance the outer shell assembly 1's resistance to bending, torsion and local deformation under load, but also further improve the supporting stability of the outer shell assembly 1 on the inner cylinder assembly 2.

[0025] The inner cylinder assembly 2 is disposed inside the outer shell assembly 1 to accommodate the component 5 to be released. Preferably, the inner cylinder assembly 2 is cylindrical in shape, and at least its inner side forms a guide channel for guiding the component 5 to be released into a predetermined position. The inner cylinder assembly 2 may be tapered or guide-shaped to guide the axial movement of the component 5 to be released and to ensure the engagement accuracy of the claw 3 and the slot 51. Here, "tapered cone or guide-shaped" refers to a shape that gradually narrows along the insertion direction of the component 5 to be released or has a guiding function, thereby playing a role in correction and centering.

[0026] The first abutment plate 23 is movably connected to the inner cylinder assembly 2 and is used to abut against the part to be released 5 during the filling, locking or releasing process of the part to be released 5; the claw 3 can disengage from the slot when the part to be released 5 is subjected to a predetermined external force, so that the part to be released 5 is released from the locking and releasing device. The first abutment plate is movably connected to the inner cylinder assembly and abuts against the part to be released during the filling, locking or releasing process of the part to be released. It can provide effective contact support and motion constraint during the movement of the part to be released, making the movement path of the part to be released in the inner cylinder assembly clearer. This is beneficial to improving the guiding performance of the internal structure, reducing the shaking, deflection or jamming of the part to be released during the movement process, and thus improving the filling smoothness, locking accuracy and release stability.

[0027] The present invention improves the locking stability and release reliability of the component to be released by the cooperation between the claw, elastic element, inner cylinder assembly and first abutment plate, and enhances the guiding and supporting role of the internal structure for the component to be released. It has the advantages of compact structure, clear locking, stable release and good guidance.

[0028] In this embodiment, the component 5 to be released is a fire-fighting projectile. During transportation, loading, mounting, standby, and pre-deployment stages, the fire-fighting projectile needs to be reliably held in a predetermined position to prevent accidental detachment due to vibration, its own weight, platform movement, or external impact. The bottom of the fire-fighting projectile is provided with at least one locking groove 51, which is used to engage with the locking claw 3 to axially lock the projectile. The locking groove 51 can be a recess, a notch, an annular groove, or other structure that can engage with the locking claw 3, and is not limited to a specific groove type.

[0029] In some optional embodiments, the inner cylinder assembly 2 includes a first inner cylinder 21 and a second inner cylinder 22. The first inner cylinder 21 has a first receiving cavity for receiving the third elastic element 4. The first receiving cavity may be a through hole, a blind hole, a stepped hole, a sleeve cavity, or other space suitable for installing the third elastic element 4. Its main function is to define the installation position of the third elastic element 4 and prevent the third elastic element 4 from deflecting, shifting, or experiencing uneven force during operation.

[0030] The second inner cylinder 22 is configured to cooperate with the first inner cylinder 21 and is used to directly or indirectly accommodate the component to be released. A first mounting seat 221 is provided on the second inner cylinder 22. The first mounting seat 221 is used to mount the chuck 3 and provides support and a rotation reference for the chuck 3. The first mounting seat 221 can be a boss, a lug, a shaft hole mounting position, a pin mounting position, or other structures suitable for mounting the chuck 3.

[0031] The elastic element includes a first elastic element 222 and a third elastic element 4. The third elastic element 4 abuts against the first inner cylinder 21 and the second inner cylinder 22, and a pre-tightening force is applied to ensure that the claw 3 is tightly attached to the slot 51 in a static state. Here, abutting means that the third elastic element 4 maintains contact with the first inner cylinder 21 and the second inner cylinder 22 and is able to transmit force; the pre-tightening force refers to the force that the third elastic element 4 applies to the relevant components in advance when the device is assembled but has not yet been triggered for release.

[0032] Preferably, the third elastic element 4 is a compression spring, with its two ends abutting against the first inner cylinder 21 and the second inner cylinder 22, respectively. After assembly, the compression spring is in a pre-compressed state, providing a relatively stable restoring force. Because of its simple structure, stable restoring force, and convenient installation, the compression spring is suitable for use in scenarios involving long-term fire-fighting shell standby and multiple reloading.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, the inner cylinder assembly 2 is provided with at least one claw 3, which can engage with the slot 51 to axially lock the release component 5 when it is not driven by an external force. The engagement is not limited to gear engagement, but generally refers to a locking, snapping, embedding, or abutment-limiting relationship between the claw 3 and the slot 51 that produces a restraining effect; "axial locking" refers to restricting the movement of the fire-fighting projectile along its main loading or release direction.

[0034] In this embodiment, the chuck 3 is connected to the first mounting base 221, preferably in a rotatable manner. In other words, the chuck 3 achieves locking and releasing actions with the component 5 to be released through rotation. Here, rotation to achieve locking and releasing actions means that the chuck 3 rotates around the fulcrum or axis corresponding to the first mounting base 221, thereby entering the slot 51 at one position to form a locking engagement, and exiting the slot 51 at another position to form a released state. This structure makes the movement path of the chuck 3 more defined and reduces uncertainty in its actions.

[0035] In some alternative embodiments, multiple claws 3 are distributed circumferentially to form a multi-point annular locking of the fire-fighting projectile. The multiple claws 3 are spaced apart circumferentially around the fire-fighting projectile, thereby forming multiple locking points circumferentially. Multi-point annular locking allows for a more uniform distribution of locking force, avoiding problems such as uneven loading, swaying, or localized loosening caused by excessive force at a single point.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, it further includes a first elastic element 222. One end of the first elastic element 222 is connected to the first mounting base 221 via a pin (not shown in the figure), and the other end is connected to the jaw 3 via a pin or by a protruding component at a corresponding position on the jaw. This provides an elastic preload to the jaw 3, ensuring it maintains a clamping tendency on the part to be released 5, thus improving the stability of the fire-fighting projectile's installation and positioning. The preload provides continuous force to the jaw 3, ensuring it remains closed when no external force is applied, preventing the part to be released 5 from loosening or shaking in the ready-to-fire state. Furthermore, when the jaw 3 opens or releases, the first elastic element 222 controls the jaw 3's movement, preventing it from swinging open uncontrollably, but rather completing a smoother opening and closing action under elastic action, thereby improving release consistency. Optionally, the first elastic element 222 is a spring, which provides elastic compensation during clamping, reducing rigid contact impact and improving loading smoothness and structural adaptability.

[0037] In some optional embodiments, the first inner cylinder 21 is provided with a groove 212, the groove wall of which is at least partially an inclined guide surface 213. The guide surface 213 is the inclined groove wall of the groove 212, used to define and guide the movement direction of the claw 3. The claw 3 is provided with a mating inclined surface 31 that cooperates with the guide surface 213. The mating inclined surface 31 abuts against the guide surface 213. Under the action of the third elastic element 4, the claw 3 moves toward the release component 5 and cooperates with the slot 51 on the release component 5 to lock the release component 5.

[0038] The groove 212 is a recess or guide groove provided on the first inner cylinder 21, and its main function is to provide guidance and accommodation space for the claw 3. The guide surface 213 is the inclined groove wall of the groove 212, which is used to limit and guide the movement direction of the claw 3. The mating inclined surface 31 is an inclined surface provided on the claw 3, which is used to abut against the guide surface 213 and transmit force on the inclined surface. With the help of the inclined surface of the guide surface 213 and the mating inclined surface 31, the preload of the third elastic element 4 can be converted into a component force that drives the claw 3 to move toward the fire-fighting shell, thereby enhancing the clamping effect of the claw 3 on the bottom groove 51 of the fire-fighting shell.

[0039] In some optional embodiments, the locking and releasing device further includes a first abutment plate 23 and a second elastic element 231. The first end of the second elastic element 231 is connected to a second mounting base 225 on the second inner cylinder 22, and the second end of the second elastic element 231 is connected to the first abutment plate 23. A first guide groove 224 is also provided on the second inner cylinder 22, and the first abutment plate 23 is slidably disposed relative to the first guide groove 224. The first abutment plate 23 is used to abut against the component 5 to be released during the firing phase and to transmit firing assistance to the component 5 to obtain initial firing power. The second elastic element 231, corresponding to the first abutment plate 23, is used to provide elastic preload to the first abutment plate 23, so that the first abutment plate 23 maintains its abutment tendency against the component 5 in the ready-to-fire state, and elastically buffers the force displacement of the first abutment plate 23 during firing to reduce impact, compensate for assembly gaps, and improve boosting stability. After firing, the second elastic element 231 can also drive the first abutment plate 23 back to its initial position.

[0040] During the loading process of the release component 5, the release component 5 enters the inner cylinder assembly 2 along the axial direction of the inner cylinder assembly 2. Since the inner cylinder assembly 2 is tapered or guide-shaped, the release component 5 can be gradually guided and centered during insertion, thereby reducing collisions, jamming, or misalignment caused by loading posture deviations. As the release component 5 continues to enter, the corresponding part of the release component 5 contacts the first abutment plate 23, pushing the first abutment plate 23 to move along the direction of the first guide groove 224, while simultaneously causing the second elastic element 231 to undergo elastic deformation. With the cooperation of the first abutment plate 23 and the second elastic element 231, the contact impact during the loading process of the release component 5 can be buffered, and the release component 5 can maintain a relatively stable axial force state before reaching the predetermined loading position.

[0041] As the release component 5 continues to advance to the predetermined position, its bottom groove 51 aligns with the claw 3. Under the pre-tightening action of the third elastic element 4, a stable force transmission relationship is formed between the first inner cylinder 21 and the second inner cylinder 22. Then, through the engagement of the guide surface 213 and the mating inclined surface 31, the claw 3 moves towards the fire-fighting projectile. After the claw 3 enters the groove 51 at the bottom of the fire-fighting projectile, it forms an axial lock on the release component 5. Simultaneously, under the elastic action of the second elastic element 231, the first abutment plate 23 continuously abuts against the corresponding part of the fire-fighting projectile, providing axial pre-tightening and support, thereby working with the claw 3 to maintain the stable installation position of the release component 5 in the locked state.

[0042] In this locked state, the outer cylinder 11 provides radial support and guide limit for the inner cylinder assembly 2, the reinforcing rib 12 improves the overall rigidity of the outer shell assembly 1, the third elastic element 4 between the first inner cylinder 21 and the second inner cylinder 22 provides continuous preload, the guide surface 213 and the mating inclined surface 31 provide guidance and force transmission for the claw 3, and the first abutment plate 23 and the second elastic element 231 provide axial abutment and elastic buffering for the fire-fighting bullet, thereby jointly ensuring that the claw 3 and the slot 51 of the part to be released 5 remain stably engaged. Therefore, the part to be released 5 is less likely to accidentally detach during transportation, standby, equipment movement, platform vibration, or attitude changes.

[0043] For example, when the component to be released, 5, is a fire-fighting projectile, the projectile is subjected to a predetermined thrust during its deployment. This predetermined thrust or external force refers to a force that causes the fire-fighting projectile to tend to release relative to the locking release device. This force can be applied directly to the projectile itself or indirectly transmitted through a relevant launching mechanism, pushing mechanism, or release mechanism.

[0044] Under the thrust, the component 5 to be released tends to disengage from the claw 3, and the slot 51 applies a force to the claw 3. Since the claw 3 is rotatably connected to the first mounting base 221, and the mating inclined surface 31 on the claw 3 forms an inclined guiding relationship with the guide surface 213 on the first inner cylinder 21, the thrust on the fire-fighting projectile can drive the claw 3 to rotate along a predetermined trajectory and gradually exit the slot 51. At the same time, the fire-fighting projectile can also push the first abutment plate 23 to move along the first guide groove 224, and further compress or stretch the second elastic element 231, so that the first abutment plate 23 can continuously provide auxiliary abutment, guiding buffer or initial thrust to the fire-fighting projectile during the release process, thereby helping to reduce the impact and sway of the fire-fighting projectile in the initial stage of release. As the claw 3 disengages from the slot 51, the fire-fighting projectile is finally released from the locking release device; after the fire-fighting projectile is released, the second elastic element 231 drives the first abutment plate 23 to return to the initial position for the next loading and locking.

[0045] During release, the guiding engagement between the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder assembly 2 constrains the structural movement, preventing significant swaying or jamming during fire extinguishing projectile release. Multiple circumferentially distributed claws 3 can simultaneously or nearly simultaneously disengage from their corresponding slots 51, improving the consistency and stability of the fire extinguishing projectile release. The first abutment plate 23, under the action of the second elastic element 231, provides elastic support, buffering, and propulsion for the initial axial movement of the fire extinguishing projectile during release, further enhancing the smoothness of the release. For high-rise fire extinguishing deployment, vehicle-mounted remote deployment, unmanned platform deployment, and targeted release of fire extinguishing projectiles in complex environments, this structure facilitates rapid, stable, and relatively accurate release.

[0046] By setting the first abutment plate 23 and the cooperating second elastic element 231, not only can axial pre-tightening and clearance compensation be provided for the release component 5 in the standby state, but also initial boost, elastic buffering and guiding stabilization can be provided for the release component 5 in the release stage, thereby improving the overall working reliability and release smoothness of the locking and releasing device. In summary, the locking and releasing device provided in this embodiment can realize reliable locking of the fire-fighting bullet in a static state and controlled release under the action of a predetermined external force. It has the advantages of reasonable structure, clear guidance, reliable locking, smooth release and applicability to complex working conditions.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; under the concept of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A locking and releasing device, characterized in that, It includes a housing assembly, an inner cylinder assembly disposed inside the housing assembly, at least one claw disposed on the inner cylinder assembly, an elastic element for driving the claw to form a lock, and a first abutment plate disposed on the inner cylinder assembly; The inner cylinder assembly is used to accommodate the component to be released, and the component to be released is provided with a slot that cooperates with the claw; The elastic element engages with the inner cylinder assembly and / or the chuck to drive the chuck to engage with the slot to form an axial lock on the part to be released. The first abutment plate is movably connected to the inner cylinder assembly and is used to abut against the component to be released during the filling, locking or releasing process of the component to be released; The claw can disengage from the slot when the part to be released is subjected to a predetermined external force, so that the part to be released is released from the locking and releasing device.

2. The locking and releasing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell assembly includes an outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder assembly is disposed inside the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder assembly form a guiding fit. The outer cylinder is used to provide radial support and movement limit for the inner cylinder assembly, so that the inner cylinder assembly maintains a predetermined relative position in the locked state and moves relative to the outer cylinder in a predetermined direction under the drive of an external force.

3. The locking and releasing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer shell assembly also includes a plurality of reinforcing ribs, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the outer cylinder.

4. The locking and releasing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cylinder assembly includes a first inner cylinder and a second inner cylinder, and the elastic drive assembly includes a third elastic element disposed between the first inner cylinder and the second inner cylinder.

5. The locking and releasing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first inner cylinder is provided with a first receiving cavity for accommodating the third elastic element.

6. The locking and releasing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second inner cylinder is provided with a first mounting seat, and the claw is rotatably connected to the first mounting seat.

7. The locking and releasing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first inner cylinder is provided with a groove, and at least part of the groove wall is an inclined guide surface. The claw is provided with a mating inclined surface that cooperates with the guide surface. The third elastic element drives the claw to move toward the part to be released through the cooperation of the guide surface and the mating inclined surface.

8. The locking and releasing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first elastic element, which is connected to the claw and is used to provide an elastic preload to the claw. The claw is configured as a plurality of claws, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the part to be released, so as to form a multi-point annular lock on the part to be released.

9. The locking and releasing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The locking and releasing device further includes a first abutment plate and a second elastic element. The first end of the second elastic element is connected to a second mounting seat on the second inner cylinder, and the second end of the second elastic element is connected to the first abutment plate. The second inner cylinder is also provided with a first guide groove, and the first abutment plate is slidably disposed relative to the first guide groove.

10. The locking and releasing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cylinder assembly is tapered or guide-shaped to guide the axial movement of the part to be released and to ensure the engagement accuracy of the chuck and the slot.

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