A support seat for a full-size measuring machine for vehicle wheel pairs

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of rail transit vehicle detection equipment, and discloses a supporting seat of a vehicle wheel set full-size measuring machine, which comprises left and right movable box bodies arranged back to back, and the bottoms of the two are slidingly installed on the sliding blocks of linear guides; the cylinder body of a driving oil cylinder is fixed to the left movable box body, and the piston rod is fixed to the right movable box body, which is used for driving the two box bodies to move towards or away from each other along the linear guides; the synchronous transmission assembly comprises two racks fixed to the two box bodies respectively and a synchronous gear engaged with the two racks simultaneously, and the outer side surfaces of the racks are provided with needle rollers for guiding; the top portions of the two box bodies are respectively fixed with left and right pairs of pressing claws, and proximity switches and stop blocks for position detection are further arranged. Through forced synchronous transmission of the gear and the rack and multi-dimensional guiding structure, the present application realizes precise synchronous opening and closing of left and right supports, and solves the problems of low synchronous precision, poor movement stability and insufficient positioning precision of the existing supporting seat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit vehicle inspection equipment, specifically a support for a full-size wheel set measuring machine. Background Technology

[0002] Wheelsets are core components of rail transit trains, playing crucial roles in load bearing, guidance, traction, and braking. As a critical locomotive component, the quality of wheel inspection directly affects the overall safety of the locomotive. Wheel inspection includes dimensional and geometric checks, such as flange thickness and height, tread profile, wheel diameter, rim width and thickness, wheelset equivalent taper, and wheel polygonality. Wheel wear affects the stability and comfort of rail transit train operation, while excessive wheelset equivalent taper and wheel polygonality can cause serpentine instability and high-frequency vibrations, and even wheel damage, directly endangering the safety and reliability of the train. Timely and accurate monitoring of the full-dimensional condition of wheels is a necessary condition for the safe operation of rail transit trains.

[0003] During full-size wheelset measurement, a support mechanism is needed to stably support and accurately center the wheelset, ensuring that the wheelset axis coincides with the measurement reference. Otherwise, systematic deviations in the measurement data will occur, affecting wheelset condition assessment and maintenance decisions. Existing support mechanisms for wheelset measurement mainly have the following technical defects: (1) Insufficient synchronization accuracy. Most support seats adopt a single-side drive or split-type dual-drive opening and closing structure without a forced synchronization mechanism. After long-term use, the opening and closing of the left and right supports are prone to asynchrony, resulting in wheelset positioning eccentricity. It is impossible to ensure that the wheelset center coincides with the measurement reference, which seriously affects the measurement accuracy. Some support seats that adopt a linkage-type synchronization structure have problems such as large transmission clearance and rapid decay of synchronization accuracy after wear, which cannot meet the long-term use requirements of high-precision measurement.

[0004] (2) Poor motion stability. Most existing support seats adopt a single guide rail structure. Under heavy load support conditions of wheelsets, the movable box is prone to pitching and swaying, resulting in poor contact of the support working surface and insufficient positioning stability of the wheelsets; at the same time, the transmission friction resistance is large, which easily causes motion jamming and affects the smoothness of opening and closing action.

[0005] (3) Poor structural adaptability. Most existing support bases are designed for fixed measuring equipment, with large structural volume and scattered layout, which cannot adapt to the compact installation requirements of mobile wheel set measuring machines; at the same time, the drive and transmission structure is complex, the replacement of vulnerable parts is inconvenient, and the on-site maintenance is difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide a support base for a full-size vehicle wheelset measuring machine. By cooperating with a forced synchronous transmission structure and a multi-dimensional guide structure, the precise synchronous opening and closing of the left and right supports is achieved, thereby improving the wheelset positioning accuracy and motion stability. At the same time, the structural layout is optimized. The technical solution adopted is: a support base for a full-size vehicle wheelset measuring machine, including a left movable housing and a right movable housing facing back to back, a drive cylinder, a synchronous transmission assembly, a support positioning assembly, and a position detection assembly; The bottoms of the left and right movable boxes are slidably mounted on the sliders of the linear guide rail, which is fixed to the base to provide horizontal linear motion guidance for the two movable boxes. The driving cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston rod. The cylinder body is fixedly installed inside the left movable box, and the end of the piston rod is fixedly installed inside the right movable box. The extension and retraction axis of the driving cylinder is parallel to the guiding direction of the linear guide rail, and is used to drive the left and right movable boxes to move synchronously in opposite directions along the linear guide rail. The synchronous transmission assembly includes rack one, rack two, a synchronous gear, and needle rollers. Rack one is horizontally fixed to the inner side of the left movable housing, and rack two is horizontally fixed to the inner side of the right movable housing. The tooth surfaces of rack one and rack two are arranged opposite to each other. The synchronous gear meshes with rack one and rack two simultaneously to form a forced synchronous transmission pair, ensuring that the movement strokes of the left and right movable housings are completely consistent. Needle rollers are provided on the outer surfaces of rack one and rack two for lateral guidance of the rack movement. The support and positioning assembly includes a left pressure claw pair fixed to the top of the left movable housing and a right pressure claw pair fixed to the top of the right movable housing. The left pressure claw pair and the right pressure claw pair are arranged opposite to each other and are used to fit against the wheel rail to achieve support for the wheelset of the railway vehicle to be inspected. The position detection component includes a proximity switch and a stop. The stop is located at the end of the travel of the right movable housing, and the proximity switch is installed at the corresponding limit position of the travel. It is used to detect the positions of the left and right movable housings and output control signals to the control system.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes two parallel guide columns, which horizontally penetrate the corresponding mounting holes of the left and right movable housings. An intermediate frame is fixedly connected between the middle of the two guide columns. The intermediate frame also provides rotational mounting support for the synchronous gear, which not only enhances the rigidity of the guide structure, but also further improves the stability of the movable housing's movement guidance, avoiding swaying during movement.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer end of the right movable box is provided with an end cap to seal the mounting hole at the end of the box, thereby achieving dustproof and waterproof sealing protection; a connecting plate is fixed to the outer wall of the right movable box to increase the strength of the structural opening.

[0009] Furthermore, the needle rollers are symmetrically arranged on the non-tooth side of rack one and rack two. The wheel surface of the needle rollers makes rolling contact with the side of the corresponding rack, which not only restricts the radial movement of the rack and ensures the stability of the gear-rack meshing clearance, but also converts sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing motion resistance and component wear.

[0010] Furthermore, the intermediate rack includes: The horizontal load-bearing beams are arranged in a long, horizontal strip shape; Two vertically parallel columns are symmetrically fixed to the middle of the lower surface of the load-bearing beam; Two sets of oblique reinforcing ribs, one end of each set of reinforcing ribs is fixed to the corresponding side of the lower surface of the load-bearing beam, and the other end is fixed to the upper outer side wall of the corresponding side column. The two sets of reinforcing ribs are arranged in an inverted V-shape axially symmetrical manner. The central connecting beam is fixed to the middle of the column in the horizontal direction.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Significantly improved synchronization accuracy. The forced synchronization transmission pair of gear and rack meshing is adopted. The synchronous gear forces the two racks to move in the same direction, which fundamentally eliminates the problem of asynchronous movement of the left and right movable boxes. It ensures that the left and right pressure claws are always symmetrically distributed during the opening and closing process, realizes automatic and accurate centering of the wheelset, avoids measurement errors caused by positioning eccentricity, and ensures the accuracy of measurement data. With the lateral guidance of the needle roller, the gear and rack meshing clearance is kept stable for a long time. Even after long-term use and wear, it can still maintain extremely high synchronization accuracy.

[0012] (2) Significantly enhanced motion stability. The present invention adopts a dual guiding structure of bottom linear guide rail and through double guide column, which restricts the pitch and yaw degrees of freedom of the movable box from both the top and bottom dimensions. Even under heavy load conditions, it can still maintain extremely high linear motion accuracy and avoid the problem of poor contact of the support working surface. At the same time, the needle roller converts sliding friction into rolling friction, which greatly reduces motion resistance, eliminates motion jamming, and improves the smoothness of the mechanism operation and service life.

[0013] (3) Compact and adaptable structure. It adopts a double-box structure with single-cylinder back-to-back drive, and the driving force is transmitted in a straight line without additional bending moment, resulting in high transmission efficiency. At the same time, the drive, synchronization and guidance structures are integrated between the two boxes, resulting in a compact overall layout and small size, which is perfectly adapted to the limited installation space of mobile wheelset measuring machines. The overall modular design makes it easy to replace vulnerable parts and greatly reduces the difficulty of on-site maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1This is a perspective view of a support base for a full-size wheelset measuring machine for vehicles; Figure 2 This is a front view of the support base of a full-size wheelset measuring machine for vehicles; Figure 3 This is a top view of the support base of a full-size wheelset measuring machine for vehicles; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the intermediate frame and guide column of a full-size wheelset measuring machine for vehicles; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the intermediate frame of a full-size wheelset measuring machine for vehicles; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a needle roller and rack in a full-size wheelset measuring machine for vehicles.

[0015] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Left pressure claw pair; 2. Right pressure claw pair; 3. Left movable housing; 4. Guide column; 5. Intermediate frame; 6. Right movable housing; 7. End cover; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Hydraulic cylinder; 10. Linear guide rail; 11. Proximity switch; 12. Stop block; 13. Rack one; 14. Synchronous gear; 15. Rack two; 16. Needle roller; 17. Gear seat. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] like Figures 1-4 As shown in this embodiment, a support base for a full-size vehicle wheelset measuring machine comprises a left movable housing 3 and a right movable housing 6 positioned back-to-back, and a drive cylinder 9. The left movable housing 3 and the right movable housing 6 are welded as a single unit and arranged back-to-back. The bottoms of both are fixedly mounted on the slider of a linear guide rail 10 using high-strength bolts. In this embodiment, the linear guide rail 10 uses two parallel high-precision heavy-duty linear guide rails. The guide rail bodies are fixedly mounted on the base with bolts, providing horizontal main motion guidance for the left movable housing 3 and the right movable housing 6.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the support base also includes an auxiliary guiding structure, comprising two parallel guide columns 4 that horizontally penetrate corresponding mounting holes in the left movable housing 3 and the right movable housing 6. Self-lubricating wear-resistant bushings are press-fitted into these mounting holes, with a clearance fit between the guide columns 4 and the bushings. This ensures smooth movement while limiting the radial freedom of the movable housings. An intermediate frame 5 is fixedly connected to the middle of the two guide columns 4. The intermediate frame 5 enhances the structural rigidity of the two guide columns 4, preventing deformation under stress, and provides stable rotational support for the synchronous gear 14, further improving the overall stability of the mechanism.

[0019] The drive cylinder 9 is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, consisting of a cylinder body and a piston rod. The tail of the cylinder body is fixedly installed inside the left movable housing 3, and the front end of the piston rod is fixedly installed inside the right movable housing 6. The extension and retraction axis of the drive cylinder 9 is completely parallel to the guiding direction of the linear guide rail 10 and the axis of the guide column 4, ensuring that the driving force of the cylinder is transmitted in a straight line without additional bending moment, avoiding jamming during movement, and improving transmission efficiency and component service life.

[0020] When the piston rod of the drive cylinder 9 extends, it pushes the right movable housing 6 to move away from the left movable housing 3 along the linear guide rail 10; when the piston rod retracts, it pulls the right movable housing 6 to move closer to the left movable housing 3 along the linear guide rail 10.

[0021] The synchronous transmission assembly is the core structure ensuring the synchronization accuracy of the support base, including rack 13, rack 2 15, synchronous gear 14, and needle roller 16. Rack 13 is fixed to the bottom of the left movable housing 3, and rack 2 15 is fixed to the bottom of the right movable housing 6. Rack 13 and rack 2 15 have the same module and number of teeth, and their tooth surfaces are arranged opposite each other and parallel. Synchronous gear 14 is fixed in the middle of the base and meshes with both rack 13 and rack 2 15, forming a forced synchronous gear and rack transmission pair.

[0022] When the left movable housing 3 and the right movable housing 6 move relative to each other, rack 13 and rack 2 15 drive the synchronous gear 14 to rotate. Through the forced meshing constraint of the gears, the movement stroke of rack 13 and rack 2 15 is completely equal in magnitude and completely opposite in direction, fundamentally realizing the complete synchronous opening or retraction of the left movable housing 3 and the right movable housing 6, and eliminating the problem of asynchrony.

[0023] like Figures 5-6As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the synchronizing gear 14 is fixed on the gear seat 17. The tooth surfaces of rack one 13 and rack two 15 are meshed on both sides of the synchronizing gear 14. Needle rollers 16 are symmetrically arranged on the non-tooth surfaces of rack one 13 and rack two 15, and the wheel surfaces of the needle rollers 16 are in close rolling contact with the corresponding sides of the racks. This structure, on the one hand, provides lateral guidance for the movement of the racks, restricts the radial movement of the racks, ensures the long-term stability of the meshing clearance between the gears and racks, and avoids problems such as skipped teeth and poor meshing; on the other hand, it converts the sliding friction between the racks and the support into rolling friction, significantly reducing motion resistance, reducing component wear, and improving the service life and smoothness of the mechanism.

[0024] The support and positioning assembly includes a left pressure claw pair 1 and a right pressure claw pair 2. The left pressure claw pair 1 is fixedly mounted on the top of the left movable housing 3 by positioning pins and bolts, and the right pressure claw pair 2 is fixedly mounted on the top of the right movable housing 6 by positioning pins and bolts. Both the left pressure claw pair 1 and the right pressure claw pair 2 are two symmetrically arranged V-shaped support pressure claws. The V-shaped working surfaces formed by the left pressure claw pair 1 and the right pressure claw pair 2 are arranged opposite each other, maintaining a symmetrical distribution throughout the opening and closing process.

[0025] An end cap 7 is provided on the outer end of the right movable housing 6. The end cap 7 is fixed to the end of the housing by bolts and is used to seal the mounting hole and inspection port of the guide post 4 at the end of the housing, providing a sealing and protection function against dust, water, and foreign objects, and improving the environmental adaptability of the mechanism. A connecting plate 8 is fixed to the outer wall of the right movable housing 6 by bolts. The connecting plate 8 is used to enhance the strength of the opening of the right movable housing 6.

[0026] The position detection component includes a proximity switch 11 and a stop block 12. In this embodiment, the proximity switch 11 is an inductive proximity switch, and two sets are provided. They are respectively installed on the frame at both ends of the linear guide rail 10, corresponding to the opening limit position and the retraction limit position of the left movable box 3 and the right movable box 6. The stop block 12 is a metal sensing block, which is fixedly installed at the bottom stroke end of the right movable box 6 by bolts.

[0027] When the left movable housing 3 and the right movable housing 6 move to the set opening limit or retraction limit position, the stop block 12 enters the sensing range of the corresponding proximity switch 11. The proximity switch 11 immediately outputs a level signal to the control system of the measuring machine. After receiving the signal, the control system immediately controls the drive cylinder 9 to stop moving, realizing precise stroke control and soft limit protection to avoid overtravel. At the same time, a mechanical hard limit stop block is set at the end of the guide rail, forming double protection and further improving the safety of equipment operation.

[0028] The intermediate frame 5 includes a horizontally oriented load-bearing beam 501, arranged in a long strip; two vertically parallel columns 502, symmetrically fixed to the middle of the lower surface of the load-bearing beam 501; two sets of oblique reinforcing ribs 503, one end of each set of reinforcing ribs being fixed to the corresponding side of the lower surface of the load-bearing beam 501, and the other end being fixed to the upper outer wall of the corresponding side column 502, the two sets of reinforcing ribs 503 being arranged in an inverted V-shape axially symmetrically; and a central connecting beam 504, fixed horizontally to the middle of the columns 502. The load-bearing beam 501, columns 502, and reinforcing ribs 503 form a stable triangular frame, making the guide column 4 passing through the triangular frame stable. Alternatively, as a preferred embodiment, the guide column 4 is directly set on the top of the load-bearing beam 501, and the stable triangular frame structure formed by the load-bearing beam 501, columns 502, and reinforcing ribs 503 can also provide stable support.

[0029] The complete working process of the support base described in this embodiment is as follows: (1) Initial standby state: The piston rod of the drive cylinder 9 is in the fully retracted state, the left movable box 3 and the right movable box 6 are in the closed position with the minimum distance, and the distance between the left pressure claw pair 1 and the right pressure claw pair 2 is the minimum.

[0030] (2) Opening action: When work is required, the measuring machine control system sends a command to the hydraulic system to drive the piston rod of the oil cylinder 9 to extend and push the right movable box 6 to move to the right along the linear guide rail 10; at the same time, the right movable box 6 drives the rack 15 to move to the right synchronously, the rack 15 drives the synchronous gear 14 to rotate clockwise, the synchronous gear 14 drives the rack 13 to move to the left synchronously, and then drives the left movable box 3 to move to the left along the linear guide rail 10, so as to realize the synchronous outward opening of the left movable box 3 and the right movable box 6, and the distance between the left pressure claw pair 1 and the right pressure claw pair 2 gradually increases; when the movement reaches the opening limit position, the stop block 12 triggers the corresponding proximity switch 11, and the control system controls the drive oil cylinder 9 to stop the action.

[0031] (3) Support and positioning action: After the left movable box 3 and the right movable box 6 open to their limit positions and stop, the left pressure claw pair 1 and the right pressure claw pair 2 are located above the rail surface. Through the lowering action of the measuring machine lifting mechanism, the whole machine moves down until the left pressure claw pair 1 and the right pressure claw pair 2 are supported on the rail. Through the forced synchronous transmission of the synchronous gear 14 and the rack-13, the left movable box 3 is driven to move synchronously to the right. The left movable box 3 and the right movable box 6 retract synchronously inward, and the left pressure claw pair 1 and the right pressure claw pair 2 gradually fit into the rail, providing a stable positioning foundation for subsequent full-size measurement.

[0032] (4) Reset action: After the wheelset measurement is completed, the control system controls the piston rod of the drive cylinder 9 to retract again, pulling the right movable box 6 to move to the left. Then, through the forced synchronous transmission of the synchronous gear 14 and rack 13, the left movable box 3 moves to the right synchronously. The left movable box 3 and the right movable box 6 retract inward synchronously.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A support base for a full-size vehicle wheelset measuring machine, characterized in that, include: The left movable box (3) and the right movable box (6) are back to back facing each other, and the bottom of the left movable box (3) and the right movable box (6) are slidably mounted on the slider of the linear guide rail (10); The synchronous transmission assembly includes rack one (13), rack two (15) and synchronous gear (14). Rack one (13) is fixed to the left movable housing (3), rack two (15) is fixed to the right movable housing (6), and synchronous gear (14) meshes with the two racks simultaneously. The outer side of the rack is provided with a needle roller (16) for guidance. The left pressure claw pair (1) is fixed to the top of the left movable box (3) and the right pressure claw pair (2) is fixed to the top of the right movable box (6); The position detection component includes a proximity switch (11) and a stop (12). The stop (12) is located at the end of the travel of the right movable housing (6). The proximity switch (11) is used to detect the positions of the left movable housing (3) and the right movable housing (6) and output a control signal. The driving cylinder (9) includes a cylinder body and a piston rod. The cylinder body is fixed to the left movable housing (3) and the piston rod is fixed to the right movable housing (6). It is used to drive the left movable housing (3) and the right movable housing (6) to move towards or away from each other along the linear guide rail (10).

2. The support base of the full-size vehicle wheelset measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes two parallel guide columns (4), which pass through the left movable box (3) and the right movable box (6), and an intermediate frame (5) is connected between the two guide columns (4).

3. The support base of the full-size vehicle wheelset measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The right movable box (6) is provided with an end cap (7) at one end and a connecting plate (8) on the side for sealing protection and auxiliary connection.

4. The support base of the full-size vehicle wheelset measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The needle rollers (16) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of rack one (13) and rack two (15), and roll in contact with the sides of rack one (13) and rack two (15) to achieve lateral guidance and reduce friction.

5. The support base of the full-size vehicle wheelset measuring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intermediate frame (5) includes: The horizontal load-bearing beam (501) is arranged in a long strip shape. Two vertically parallel columns (502) are symmetrically fixed to the middle of the lower surface of the load-bearing beam (501); Two sets of oblique reinforcing ribs (503), one end of each set of reinforcing ribs (503) is fixed to the corresponding side of the lower surface of the load-bearing beam (501), and the other end is fixed to the upper outer side wall of the corresponding side column (502). The two sets of reinforcing ribs (503) are arranged in an inverted V-shape axially symmetrical manner. The central connecting beam (504) is fixed horizontally to the middle of the column (502).

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