A test device and test method for measuring deformation of a plate specimen using a displacement meter

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of test device and test method for measuring the deformation of plate specimen by displacement meter, the device includes displacement meter, mounting frame and connecting device;Mounting frame is composed of upper U-shaped component and lower "I" shaped component, and is connected with the plate specimen to be measured by C-shaped clamp;Displacement meter is symmetrically bound on U-shaped component by rubber band, and top rod is pre-pressed against "I" shaped component.The application adopts separate fixing mode, effectively fixes displacement meter along the force direction, solves the problems that extensometer of plate specimen is not easy to fix and magnetic table base is easy to slide.The device can adapt to plate pieces of different lengths, is easy to disassemble and assemble, symmetrical arrangement can reduce error, improve the accuracy and efficiency of plate specimen tension and compression deformation test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plate material tensile and compressive testing technology in civil engineering, mechanical engineering or materials engineering, and specifically to a test device and test method for measuring the deformation of plate specimens using a displacement gauge. Background Technology

[0002] Structural testing is a fundamental and crucial step in the development of new materials and structures. In existing structural testing techniques, extensometers can typically be used to measure the deformation of rod-type specimens; however, for plate-type specimens, due to their unique shape, extensometers are often difficult to fix in place.

[0003] Displacement gauges, as a commonly used measuring tool, are widely used for deformation and displacement testing inside or on the surface of various material structures. Currently, conventional methods for fixing displacement gauges to the test object mainly include magnetic attachment or direct binding. However, these conventional fixing methods have significant problems in practical applications: because structural deformation is usually distributed throughout the entire structure, the displacement gauge is prone to slippage due to structural deformation, leading to unstable measurements; furthermore, when using a magnetic attachment, the overlapping portion of the magnetic attachment and the test object still contains some unmeasurable deformation, thus affecting the accuracy of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test apparatus and test method for measuring the deformation of plate specimens using a displacement gauge, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A test apparatus for measuring the deformation of a plate specimen using a displacement gauge includes a displacement gauge, a mounting frame, and a connecting device; The mounting frame includes an upper U-shaped component and a lower "I"-shaped component; The connecting device includes a C-clamp and a rubber band; The C-shaped clamp is used to fix the U-shaped component and the "I"-shaped component to the plate-type specimen to be tested, respectively. The rubber band is used to fix the displacement gauge on the mounting bracket; The displacement gauge is provided in two sets. The two sets of displacement gauges are symmetrically tied to the two legs of the U-shaped component by the rubber bands. The top rod of the displacement gauge is pre-pressed against the "I"-shaped component.

[0006] Furthermore, the displacement gauge is a top-rod type resistance displacement gauge. When the plate-type specimen under test deforms, it drives the measuring rod of the displacement gauge to generate displacement. The displacement of the measuring rod of the displacement gauge is converted into an electrical signal through the sliding resistor inside the displacement gauge, thereby obtaining the deformation amount of the plate-type specimen under test.

[0007] Furthermore, the mounting bracket is made of steel or aluminum; The U-shaped component is made of rectangular rods, and the "I"-shaped component is made of L-shaped steel or L-shaped aluminum.

[0008] The present invention also provides a test method for the test apparatus for measuring the deformation of a plate specimen using a displacement gauge as described above, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select or prefabricate mounting brackets and displacement gauges of appropriate size according to the dimensions of the plate specimen to be tested; Step 2: Use C-clamps to fix the U-shaped component and the "I"-shaped component to the plate specimen to be tested, respectively; The distance between the upper edge of the U-shaped component and the "I"-shaped component is the preset length of the deformation segment of the specimen. Step 3: Use rubber bands to fix the upper end of the displacement gauge to the side support leg of the U-shaped component, and at the same time, make the top rod of the displacement gauge preload and press against the "I" shaped component. Step 4: Conduct tensile and compressive deformation tests on the plate specimen to be tested. When the plate specimen to be tested deforms, it causes the measuring rod of the displacement gauge to move. The displacement of the measuring rod of the displacement gauge is converted into an electrical signal through the sliding resistor inside the displacement gauge, so that the deformation of the plate specimen to be tested within the preset length range of the deformation section can be obtained.

[0009] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The invention achieves fixed displacement gauge along the direction of force through a specific mounting bracket and connecting device, enabling precise testing of axial deformation of plate specimens using a high-precision push rod displacement gauge.

[0010] The separate fixing method effectively reduces the loosening of the displacement gauge caused by stress during tensile and compressive tests, avoiding measurement instability due to displacement gauge slippage. Furthermore, the symmetrical arrangement of two displacement gauges allows for data comparison, reducing test errors caused by specimen eccentricity or asymmetrical device installation.

[0011] The device is designed to be flexible, and can be adapted to test plate specimens of different lengths by pre-setting the height of the U-shaped support legs or changing the binding position of the displacement gauge on the support legs, thus expanding the applicability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a test device for measuring the deformation of a plate specimen using a displacement gauge, according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view of the test apparatus and the plate specimen to be tested being fixed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the test apparatus and the plate specimen to be tested being fixed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the test apparatus and the plate specimen to be tested fixed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the C-shaped clamp used between the mounting bracket and the plate-type specimen to be tested in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Displacement gauge; 2. U-shaped component; 3. "I" shaped component; 4. Plate-type specimen to be tested; 5. C-shaped clamp; 6. Rubber band. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a test device for measuring the deformation of plate specimens using a displacement gauge, mainly used in the field of tensile and compressive testing of plate materials in civil engineering, mechanical engineering, or materials engineering. This device can solve the problems of traditional extensometers being difficult to fix on plate specimens, and the magnetic base being prone to sliding and having blind spots in measurement.

[0017] Specifically, the test apparatus includes a displacement gauge 1, a mounting bracket, and a connecting device.

[0018] The mounting frame, serving as a load-bearing and positioning reference, includes an upper U-shaped component 2 and a lower I-shaped component 3. In this embodiment, the U-shaped component 2 is made of rectangular rods, forming a bridge-like structure spanning above the plate-type specimen 4 to be tested; the I-shaped component 3 is essentially made of L-shaped steel or L-shaped aluminum, and is fitted onto the surface of the plate-type specimen 4. The mounting frame is preferably made of steel or aluminum to ensure sufficient rigidity and prevent deformation during the test from affecting measurement accuracy. The relative positional relationship between the U-shaped component 2 and the I-shaped component 3 determines the gauge length for measurement; that is, the vertical distance between the upper edge of the U-shaped component 2 and the I-shaped component 3 corresponds to the preset length of the deformed segment of the plate-type specimen 4 to be tested.

[0019] The connecting device includes a C-clamp 5 and a rubber band 6. The C-clamp 5 is used to detachably fix the mounting bracket to the plate-type specimen 4 under test. In specific operation, the C-clamp 5 is used to clamp the U-shaped component 2 at an appropriate position above the specimen, while another C-clamp 5 is used to clamp the I-shaped component 3 at the corresponding position below the specimen. This separate fixing method effectively avoids the loosening caused by the overall deformation of the specimen due to the traditional integral fixing device.

[0020] Two sets of displacement gauges 1 are provided. Each set is symmetrically tied to one of the two legs of the U-shaped component 2 using rubber bands 6. The rubber bands 6 have a certain degree of elasticity, which can firmly hold the main body of the displacement gauge 1 while facilitating quick disassembly. The lower end of the displacement gauge 1 is pre-compressed and presses against the "I"-shaped component 3 at the bottom of the mounting frame. By setting two sets of displacement gauges and symmetrically arranging them, the average value of the two sets of data can be taken or compared, thereby effectively reducing the test error caused by eccentric loading of the specimen or asymmetrical installation of the device.

[0021] Example 2 This embodiment, based on the apparatus of Embodiment 1, provides a test method for measuring the deformation of a plate specimen using a displacement gauge. The method is implemented through the following steps: Step 1: Selection and Prefabrication. Based on the dimensions of the plate specimen 4 to be tested (especially the thickness and the length of the test gauge section), select or prefabricate a mounting bracket of appropriate size and a displacement gauge 1 with a suitable range. Ensure that the opening height of the U-shaped component 2 can accommodate the specimen thickness, and that the length of the "I"-shaped component 3 meets the clamping requirements.

[0022] Step 2: Secure the mounting bracket. Use C-clamps 5 to secure the U-shaped component 2 and the I-shaped component 3 to the plate-type specimen 4 to be tested. During fixing, the position must be strictly measured and adjusted to ensure that the distance between the upper edge of the U-shaped component 2 and the I-shaped component 3 is precisely equal to the preset length (i.e., gauge length) of the deformed section of the specimen.

[0023] Step 3: Install the displacement gauge. Use rubber band 6 to fix the upper end of displacement gauge 1 to the side support leg of U-shaped component 2. During installation, ensure that displacement gauge 1 is vertical or aligned with the preset measurement direction. Adjust the height of displacement gauge 1 so that its lower push rod is pre-pressed against the top surface of the "I"-shaped component 3. The purpose of pre-pressing is to ensure that the push rod remains in contact and does not detach when the specimen is compressed and shortened; and that the push rod retracts when the specimen is stretched and elongated.

[0024] Step Four: Loading Test and Data Acquisition. A tensile-compressive deformation test (monotonic loading or periodic reciprocating loading) is performed on the plate specimen 4. During the test, the plate specimen 4 undergoes axial deformation, causing relative displacement between the U-shaped component 2 and the "I"-shaped component 3 fixed to the specimen. This relative displacement is directly transmitted to the measuring rod of the displacement gauge 1. The displacement gauge 1 is a top-rod type resistance displacement gauge, whose internal sliding resistor converts the mechanical displacement of the measuring rod into an electrical signal (such as voltage or current change). This electrical signal is recorded by the data acquisition system, and after conversion, the precise deformation of the plate specimen 4 within the preset length range of the deformation segment can be obtained.

[0025] Example 3 In practical engineering applications, the specifications of the plate-type specimens 4 to be tested vary greatly. This embodiment demonstrates the adaptive adjustment function of the device of the present invention.

[0026] When the length of the plate specimen 4 to be tested changes and the measuring gauge length needs to be changed, the distance between the two can be adjusted to the new preset length by loosening the C-clamp 5, sliding the U-shaped component 2 and the "I"-shaped component 3 along the length of the plate, and then re-locking the C-clamp 5.

[0027] When the thickness of the plate specimen 4 to be tested changes, causing the range of displacement gauge 1 to be unable to cover the distance between the U-shaped component 2 and the "I"-shaped component 3, it can be adjusted in the following two ways: Adjust the binding height: Loosen the rubber band 6 and change the binding position of the displacement gauge 1 on the side leg of the U-shaped component 2, so that it moves up or down to adapt to different spans.

[0028] Replacement components: Prefabricate a set of U-shaped components 2 with different leg heights for replacement.

[0029] This flexible adjustment mechanism allows the same set of test equipment to adapt to a variety of plate specimens of different sizes and specifications, greatly improving the utilization rate of the equipment and the convenience of the test.

[0030] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for measuring the deformation of a plate specimen using a displacement gauge, characterized in that, Includes displacement gauge (1), mounting bracket and connecting device; The mounting bracket includes an upper U-shaped component (2) and a lower "I"-shaped component (3); The connecting device includes a C-clamp (5) and a rubber band (6); The C-shaped clamp (5) is used to fix the U-shaped component (2) and the "I"-shaped component (3) to the plate-type specimen (4) to be tested, respectively; The rubber band (6) is used to fix the displacement gauge (1) on the mounting bracket; The displacement gauge (1) is provided in two sets. The two sets of displacement gauges (1) are symmetrically tied to the two legs of the U-shaped component (2) by the rubber band (6). The top rod of the displacement gauge (1) is pre-pressed against the "I" shaped component (3).

2. The test apparatus for measuring the deformation of a plate specimen using a displacement gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement gauge (1) is a top rod type resistance displacement gauge. When the plate specimen (4) under test deforms, it drives the measuring rod of the displacement gauge (9) to generate displacement. The displacement of the measuring rod of the displacement gauge (9) is converted into an electrical signal through the sliding resistor inside the displacement gauge (1), thereby obtaining the deformation amount of the plate specimen (4) under test.

3. The test apparatus for measuring the deformation of a plate specimen using a displacement gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting bracket is made of steel or aluminum; The U-shaped component (2) is made of rectangular rods, and the "I"-shaped component (3) is made of L-shaped steel or L-shaped aluminum.

4. A test method for a test apparatus for measuring the deformation of a plate specimen using a displacement gauge as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Select or prefabricate mounting brackets and displacement gauges (1) of the corresponding size according to the dimensions of the plate specimen (4) to be tested. Step 2: Use C-clamps (5) to fix the U-shaped component (2) and the "I"-shaped component (3) to the plate-type specimen (4) to be tested respectively; The distance between the upper edge of the U-shaped component (2) and the "I"-shaped component (3) is the preset length of the deformation section of the specimen; Step 3: Use rubber band (6) to fix the upper end of displacement gauge (1) to the side support leg of U-shaped component (2), and at the same time make the top rod of displacement gauge (1) press against the "I" shaped component (3). Step 4: Perform tensile and compressive deformation tests on the plate specimen (4) to be tested. When the plate specimen (4) to be tested deforms, it drives the measuring rod of the displacement gauge (1) to generate displacement. The displacement of the measuring rod of the displacement gauge (1) is converted into an electrical signal through the sliding resistor inside the displacement gauge (1), so that the deformation amount of the plate specimen (4) to be tested within the preset length range of the deformation section can be obtained.

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