A virtual assembling method for steel structure engineering

Abstract

The application discloses a virtual assembling method for steel structure engineering, and comprises the following steps: manufacturing each steel member according to a steel structure design drawing, selecting a key structural node on the manufactured steel member and marking, and placing the manufactured steel member according to a boundary condition when assembling; manufacturing each steel member according to a steel structure design drawing, selecting a key structural node on the manufactured steel member and marking, and placing the manufactured steel member according to a boundary condition when assembling; superimposing a coordinate origin of a three-dimensional model of the steel member and a coordinate origin of a real object, and obtaining manufacturing errors of each structural feature point of the steel member. Compared with the prior art, in the application, the coordinate origin Y n of the manufactured steel member is calculated through a constraint point, then the coordinate origin Y n of the steel member three-dimensional model and the real object is taken as a coordinate system origin, and the manufacturing errors of each structural feature point of the nth steel member are calculated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel component assembly technology, and in particular to a virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Large steel structures are generally constructed using a combination of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly. The quality of on-site assembly of steel components is a key factor determining the overall construction quality, progress, and cost. Typically, before steel components arrive at the construction site, a physical pre-assembly is conducted to assess whether the segments meet the requirements for on-site splicing. However, current physical pre-assembly methods require almost identical machinery and equipment and a sufficiently large site, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly (the cost of physical pre-assembly in the factory for a certain steel bridge accounted for 10%-25% of the total component manufacturing cost). To avoid defects caused by pre-assembly, a virtual assembly method is now generally adopted. First, a theoretical model of the steel structure is established, resulting in theoretical models of each steel component. Then, the prefabricated steel components are scanned to obtain their actual models. The theoretical and actual models are then compared using a unified coordinate system to determine the manufacturing error. Furthermore, by comparing the theoretical and actual models, the manufacturing error of the steel components is determined. Finally, the actual models of the steel components are simulated and assembled using the theoretical model of the steel structure to determine the assembly error. However, when calculating the manufacturing error of steel components, it does not consider the relationship between the coordinate system origin and the deformation of the steel component. For example, if the four feature points of steel component A are a, b, c, and d, then the corresponding feature points in the manufactured steel component A are a', b', c', and d'. Due to manufacturing errors and deformation during placement, feature point a' in the actual steel component A is deformed, while the other feature points b', c', and d' are not deformed. (Refer to Appendix) Figure 1 If the origin of the coordinate system of the theoretical model and the actual model of the steel component is c', then the difference between the coordinates of a and a' is the manufacturing error of the steel component, and the calculated error matches the actual error of steel component A. (See attached diagram.) Figure 2 If the origin of the coordinate system for the theoretical and actual models of a steel component is a', then the differences in coordinates between b and b', c and c', and d and d' represent the manufacturing error of the steel component. During the calculation of this manufacturing error, features b', c', and d' in the actual steel component A undergo deformation. That is, if the origin of the coordinate system is close to a region of large deformation, the calculated manufacturing error of the steel component will differ significantly from the actual situation; conversely, if the origin is close to a region of small deformation, the calculated manufacturing error will closely match the actual situation. Using misaligned manufacturing errors to guide the repair and remanufacturing of steel components will increase the manufacturing error and rework rate, and will also affect the overall manufacturing error of the steel structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering to solve the problem that the manufacturing error of steel components calculated in the existing virtual assembly process does not match the actual error.

[0004] This invention provides a virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1: Obtain a three-dimensional model of the steel structure based on the steel structure design drawings, and then obtain three-dimensional models of each steel component from the three-dimensional model of the steel structure.

[0006] S2: Fabricate each steel component according to the steel structure design drawings, select and mark the key structural nodes on the fabricated steel components, and place the fabricated steel components according to the boundary conditions when they are to be assembled.

[0007] S3: In the fabricated steel components, the nth steel component includes multiple constraint points, and the coordinates of the i-th constraint point are (gx... i gy i gz i The origin of the nth steel component is Y. n Then Y can be calculated using formulas (1) to (3). n Coordinates:

[0008] = (1)

[0009] = (2)

[0010] = (3)

[0011] Among them, SDX i Let SDY be the elastic support stiffness of the i-th constraint point in the X-axis direction. i Let SDZ be the elastic support stiffness of the i-th constraint point in the Y-axis direction. i Let qzx be the elastic support stiffness of the i-th constraint point in the Z-axis direction. i Let qzy be the constraint weight of the i-th constraint point in the X-axis direction. i Let qzz be the constraint weight of the i-th constraint point in the Y-axis direction. i Let be the constraint weight of the i-th constraint point in the Z-axis direction; For Y n Coordinates in the X-axis direction For Y n Coordinates in the Y-axis direction For Y n Coordinates in the Z-axis direction;

[0012] S4: In the 3D model of the steel component, the nth steel component includes multiple constraint points, and the coordinates of the i-th constraint point are (mx...). i my i mz i The origin of the nth steel component is L. n L can then be calculated using formulas (4) to (6). n Coordinates:

[0013] = (4)

[0014] = (5)

[0015] = (6)

[0016] in, For L n Coordinates in the X-axis direction For L n Coordinates in the Y-axis direction For L n Coordinates in the Z-axis direction;

[0017] S5: Y n Using the origin of the coordinate system, the nth steel component is scanned to obtain the point cloud coordinates of the nth steel component. Then, the three-dimensional coordinate set c1[n] of the structural feature points of the nth steel component is obtained from the marked structural key nodes.

[0018] S6: with L n Using the origin of the coordinate system, the coordinates of the nth steel component are obtained from the three-dimensional model of the nth steel component, and then the three-dimensional coordinate set c2[n] of the structural feature points of the nth steel component is obtained;

[0019] S7: Move the origin L n and Y n By coinciding, the manufacturing errors of each structural feature point of the nth steel component are obtained;

[0020] S8: Take the largest manufacturing error among all structural feature points of the nth steel component as the manufacturing error of the nth steel component. If there are multiple nth steel components in the steel structure, the manufacturing error of the nth steel component guides the manufacturing of subsequent steel components of the same specification, so as to reduce the manufacturing error of subsequent steel components of the same specification.

[0021] S9: Convert the coordinate system c1[n] of different steel components into the overall coordinate system c3[n] under the splicing condition, and extract the coordinate sets c2[k]{x} and c3[m]{x} of the corresponding structural feature points of two adjacent steel components k and m to be assembled. The coordinate difference of the corresponding structural feature points is the assembly error β. k-m {x}; if the assembly error β k-m If {x} is greater than the predetermined value, it means that steel component k and steel component m cannot be assembled. Based on the manufacturing errors of each structural feature point of the steel component obtained in step S7, steel component k and steel component m are modified; if the assembly error β k-m If {x} is less than the predetermined value, then the coordinates of each structural feature point in steel component k and steel component m are assembled and corrected.

[0022] Preferably, in step S2, the key structural nodes are nodes that can represent the stress deformation and splicing deformation characteristics of the steel components.

[0023] Preferably, in step S3, the constraint point is a point on the steel member whose displacement is restricted by an external structure or force.

[0024] Preferably, in step S2, the boundary conditions include fixed boundary conditions, simply supported boundary conditions, symmetrical boundary conditions, and contact boundary conditions.

[0025] Preferably, in step S8, the specific steps for reducing the manufacturing error of steel components of the same specification include: taking the largest manufacturing error among the structural feature points of the nth steel component as the manufacturing error of the nth steel component, and then using the manufacturing error of the nth steel component to guide the manufacturing of the next steel component of the same specification, so as to reduce the manufacturing error of the next steel component of the same specification; and then using the manufacturing error of the previous steel component of the same specification to guide the manufacturing of the next steel component of the same specification, so as to continuously reduce the manufacturing error of the steel components of the same specification.

[0026] Preferably, in step S5, Y n Using a 3D laser scanner as the origin of the coordinate system, the nth steel component is scanned to obtain the point cloud coordinates of the nth steel component. Based on the marked key structural nodes, the key structural nodes of the nth steel component are identified using a point cloud key point extraction algorithm to obtain the 3D coordinate set c1[n] of the structural feature points of the nth steel component. The point cloud key point extraction algorithm includes: ISS key point extraction method, Harris key point extraction method and FPFH feature descriptor method.

[0027] Preferably, in step S9, the specific steps for aligning and correcting the coordinates of each structural feature point in steel component k and steel component m are as follows: For steel components with small assembly errors, an average interpolation method is used, in which the coordinate values ​​of corresponding assembly structural feature points on the two steel components are averaged; for steel components with large assembly errors, a weighted interpolation method is used, in which the coordinates of the structural feature points of the main steel component or the steel component that is erected first are given a larger weight value, and interpolation is performed accordingly; wherein, an error exceeding 0.3 times the plate thickness is considered a large error, and an error less than or equal to 0.3 times the plate thickness is considered a small error.

[0028] Preferably, in step S3, the coordinates of the constraint point are obtained by a GPS positioning device.

[0029] Preferably, step S10 is included after step S9. Step S10 includes: assembling and correcting the coordinates of each feature point of each steel component to obtain an overall coordinate set C1; obtaining a three-dimensional coordinate set C0 of the structural feature points from the three-dimensional model of the steel structure; obtaining a three-dimensional displacement value set D0 of the structural feature points in the three-dimensional model of the steel structure according to the boundary conditions of the steel structure during operation; and comparing C1 with C0+D0 to obtain the overall manufacturing error of the steel structure.

[0030] Preferably, in step S10, the specific steps for obtaining the three-dimensional displacement value set D0 include: based on the boundary conditions of the steel structure during operation, using the finite element method to analyze and establish a plate element finite element model, calculating the deformation result S0 of the finite element model under self-weight, and obtaining the three-dimensional displacement value set D0 of the structural feature points from the deformation result S0.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, in this invention, the origin Y of the coordinate system of the manufactured steel component is calculated through constraint points. n This is done by moving it away from areas of large deformation in the steel structure, and then using the origin Y as the coordinate axis. n Using the origin of the coordinate system between the 3D model and the physical object of the steel component, the coordinate differences between the 3D model and the physical object of the nth steel component at various structural feature points are calculated, thus obtaining the manufacturing error of each structural feature point of the nth steel component. The calculated manufacturing error of the steel component conforms to the actual error of the steel component. Then, the manufacturing error of this steel component guides the manufacturing of the next steel component of the same specification, continuously reducing the manufacturing error of steel components of the same specification, thereby minimizing the overall error of the steel structure. In subsequent virtual assembly of steel components, if the manufacturing error is too large and rework is required, targeted modifications or remanufacturing can be made based on the manufacturing error of the steel component. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram for comparing the theoretical and actual models of steel components to obtain manufacturing errors;

[0034] Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of manufacturing errors is obtained by comparing the theoretical model and the actual model of the steel component;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the process of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the steel components of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a steel component;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A structural diagram of another steel component;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the steel component of the present invention when placed according to boundary conditions.

[0040] Figure label:

[0041] 1. Steel component, 2. Joint, 3. Structural feature point, 4. Constraint point, 5. Origin of coordinate system. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0043] See attached document Figure 3 This embodiment provides a virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering, including the following steps:

[0044] S1: Obtain a three-dimensional model of the steel structure based on the steel structure design drawings, and then obtain the three-dimensional models of each steel component 1 from the three-dimensional model of the steel structure.

[0045] S2: Fabricate each steel component 1 according to the steel structure design drawings. Select and mark the key structural nodes on the fabricated steel components 1. Place the fabricated steel components 1 according to the boundary conditions before assembly. The key structural nodes are those that represent the stress deformation and splicing deformation characteristics of steel component 1. Specifically, the key structural nodes include: the edge corners and midpoints of the main load-bearing plates, and the endpoints and midpoints of the splicing joints 2. (See attached diagram) Figure 4-6 Structural feature point 3 refers to the endpoints and midpoints of the splice seam 2, and the main load-bearing plate is the main load-bearing steel component 1 in the spliced ​​steel component 1. Constraint point 4 refers to points on the steel component 1 whose displacement is restricted by external structures or forces. Examples include the support points below the steel component 1 when it is placed and the positioning points that restrict the movement of the steel component 1, see Appendix. Figure 7 Both steel components 1 are placed on two support frames, and constraint point 4 is the point on the support frame that restricts the movement of steel component 1. Boundary conditions include fixed boundary conditions, simply supported boundary conditions, symmetrical boundary conditions, and contact boundary conditions. According to the stress characteristics of the steel structure, they can be divided into fixed boundary conditions, simply supported boundary conditions, symmetrical boundary conditions, and contact boundary conditions. Based on various boundary conditions, corresponding line constraints are applied to the key nodes of the 3D model to obtain the deformation results of the 3D model.

[0046] S3: In the fabricated steel component 1, the nth steel component 1 includes k constraint points 4, and the coordinates of the i-th constraint point 4 are (gx i gy i gz i ), where; 1≤i≤k, the coordinate origin 5Y of the nth steel component 1 is obtained by coordinate interpolation calculation based on the three-dimensional constraint conditions of constraint point 4 of the nth steel component 1. n Specifically, Y is calculated using formulas (1) to (3). n Coordinates:

[0047] = (1)

[0048] = (2)

[0049] = (3)

[0050] Among them, SDX i Let SDY be the elastic support stiffness of the i-th constraint point 4 in the X-axis direction. i Let SDZ be the elastic support stiffness of the i-th constraint point 4 in the Y-axis direction. i Let qzx be the elastic support stiffness of the i-th constraint point 4 in the Z-axis direction. iLet qzy be the constraint weight of the i-th constraint point 4 in the X-axis direction. i Let qzz be the constraint weight of the i-th constraint point 4 in the Y-axis direction. i Let be the constraint weight of the i-th constraint point 4 in the Z-axis direction; For Y n Coordinates in the X-axis direction For Y n Coordinates in the Y-axis direction For Y n The coordinates in the Z-axis direction; the stiffness of the elastic support can be obtained from the mechanical information of the supporting material or the factory data of the supporting component, or it can be obtained through field tests; n is a natural number and is less than or equal to the number of steel components 1 in the steel structure.

[0051] This step allows the calculated origin of the coordinate system to be determined as 5Y. n The further away from the area where the deformation of the nth steel component 1 is large, the better.

[0052] For example: refer to the appendix Figure 7 A steel component 1 includes two constraint points 4. Constraint point 4A constrains the y and z directions with a constraint weight of 1 / 2, and constraint point 4B constrains the x, y, and z directions with a constraint weight of 1 / 2. The coordinates of A are (x1, y1, z1), and the coordinates of B are (x2, y2, z2). Therefore, the origin 5 of the coordinate system for steel component 1 is (x1, y1, z2). + , + ).

[0053] S4: In the 3D model of steel component 1, the nth steel component 1 includes multiple constraint points 4, and the coordinates of the i-th constraint point 4 are (mx... i my i mz i The origin of the nth steel component 1 is L. n L can then be calculated using formulas (4) to (6). n Coordinates:

[0054] = (4)

[0055] = (5)

[0056] = (6)

[0057] in, For L n Coordinates in the X-axis direction For Ln Coordinates in the Y-axis direction For L n Coordinates in the Z-axis direction.

[0058] In steps S3 and S4, the number of constraint points 4 for the same steel component 1 is consistent. The elastic support stiffness and corresponding constraint weight of the same constraint point 4 in the same steel component 1 are the same. The difference is that the coordinates of the constraint point 4 are different. This is because there are errors in the manufacturing process of steel component 1 and deformation during placement. Therefore, the coordinates of the constraint point 4 on the manufactured steel component 1 are different from those of the theoretical constraint point 4 of steel component 1. This also leads to a difference between the coordinate origin 5 of the manufactured steel component 1 and the coordinate origin 5 of the theoretical steel component 1. This difference is the initial manufacturing error of the nth steel component 1.

[0059] S5: Y n Using the origin of the coordinate system, the nth steel component 1 is scanned to obtain the point cloud coordinates of the nth steel component 1. From the point cloud coordinates of the nth steel component 1, the three-dimensional coordinate set c1[n] of the structural feature points 3 of the nth steel component 1 is obtained from the marked structural key nodes; specifically, using Y... n Using a 3D laser scanner as the origin of the coordinate system, the nth steel component 1 is scanned to obtain the point cloud coordinates of the nth steel component 1. Based on the marked key structural nodes in the point cloud coordinates of the nth steel component 1, the key structural nodes of the nth steel component 1 are identified by the point cloud key point extraction algorithm, and the 3D coordinate set c1[n] of the structural feature points 3 of the nth steel component 1 is obtained.

[0060] S6: with L n Using the origin of the coordinate system, the coordinates of the nth steel component 1 are obtained from the three-dimensional model of the nth steel component 1, and then the three-dimensional coordinate set c2[n] of the internal structural feature point 3 is obtained from the coordinates of the nth steel component 1.

[0061] S7: Move the origin L n and Y n By overlapping, the manufacturing errors of each structural feature point 3 of the nth steel component 1 are obtained; specifically, the manufacturing error of each structural feature point 3 of the nth steel component 1 is c1[n]-c2[n]+Y. n -L n ; where Y n -L n c1[n] - c2[n] is the coordinate difference between the two origins of the coordinate system of the nth steel component 1; c1[n] - c2[n] is the coordinate difference between the corresponding structural feature points in the two three-dimensional coordinate sets of the nth steel component 1;

[0062] S8: The largest manufacturing error among all structural feature points 3 of the nth steel component 1 is taken as the manufacturing error of the nth steel component 1. If there are multiple nth steel components 1 in the steel structure, the manufacturing error of the nth steel component 1 guides the manufacturing of subsequent steel components 1 of the same specification, thereby reducing the manufacturing error of subsequent steel components 1 of the same specification. In steel structure processing and manufacturing projects with multiple steel components 1 of the same specification, the processing and manufacturing parameters of subsequent steel components 1 of the same specification are adjusted according to this manufacturing error set to minimize the manufacturing error of the steel component 1 of that specification, thus effectively controlling the overall error of the steel structure. One guidance method is: after obtaining the manufacturing error of the nth steel component 1, the processing and manufacturing parameters of subsequent steel components 1 of the same specification are uniformly adjusted according to this manufacturing error, so that the manufacturing error of subsequent steel components 1 of the same specification is the same. Another guidance method is to take the largest manufacturing error among all structural feature points 3 of the nth steel component 1 as the manufacturing error of the nth steel component 1, and then use the manufacturing error of the nth steel component 1 to guide the manufacturing of the next steel component 1 of the same specification, so as to reduce the manufacturing error of the next steel component 1 of the same specification; then, the manufacturing error of the previous steel component 1 of the same specification guides the manufacturing of the next steel component 1 of the same specification, so as to continuously reduce the manufacturing error of the steel component 1 of the same specification. In this way, the manufacturing error of the steel component 1 of the same specification can be continuously adjusted iteratively, thereby minimizing the overall error of the steel structure.

[0063] S9: Convert the coordinate system c1[n] of different steel components 1 into the overall coordinate system c3[n] under the splicing condition. Extract the coordinate sets c2[k]{x} and c3[m]{x} of the corresponding structural feature points 3 of two adjacent steel components 1k and 1m to be assembled. Then the coordinate difference of the corresponding structural feature points 3 can represent the assembly error β. k-m {x}, for example, append Figure 5 The vertical splice joint 2 of steel component 1 has three structural feature points 3, which are a1, a2 and a3 from top to bottom. Figure 6 The vertical splice joint 2 of steel component 1 has three structural feature points 3, which are b1, b2 and b3 from top to bottom. The two steel components 1 are attached... Figure 4 During assembly, a1, a2, and a3 correspond to b1, b2, and b3 respectively. The coordinates of a1 and b1 represent the assembly error β of feature point 3 of the structure. k-m {a1, b1}; if the assembly error β k-mIf {x} is greater than a predetermined value, it indicates that steel components 1k and 1m cannot be assembled. Based on the manufacturing errors of each structural feature point 3 of steel component 1 obtained in step S7, steel components 1k and 1m are modified. For example, the information that steel components 1k and 1m cannot be assembled is sent back to the factory. The factory then modifies steel component 1 accordingly based on the manufacturing errors of each structural feature point 3 of steel component 1 obtained in step S7, or adjusts the processing parameters and remanufactures the component. If the assembly error β... k-m If {x} is less than the predetermined value, then the coordinates of each structural feature point 3 in steel component 1k and steel component 1m are assembled and corrected.

[0064] In step S9, the specific steps for aligning and correcting the coordinates of each structural feature point 3 in steel components 1k and 1m are as follows: For steel components 1 with smaller assembly errors, the average interpolation method is used, in which the coordinate values ​​of corresponding structural feature points 3 on the two steel components 1 are averaged; For steel components 1 with larger assembly errors, the weighted interpolation method is used, in which the coordinates of the structural feature points 3 of the main steel component 1 or the steel component 1 that is erected first are given a larger weight value, and the interpolation is performed in this way to more closely approximate the actual assembly situation; Among them, an error exceeding 0.3 times the plate thickness is considered a larger error, and an error less than or equal to 0.3 times the plate thickness is considered a smaller error.

[0065] In step S2, key structural nodes are marked with paint or solid materials. The size and material requirements of the marking points must not affect the stress performance of the steel structure and must be distinguishable from the steel, such as having different reflectivity, so as to facilitate displacement and splicing detection of solid structural feature points 3.

[0066] In step S5, the point cloud keypoint extraction algorithm includes: the ISS keypoint extraction method, the Harris keypoint extraction method, and the FPFH feature descriptor method. Specifically, the ISS keypoint extraction method is used to extract edge line points, the Harris keypoint extraction method is used for corner point extraction, and the FPFH feature descriptor method is used for endpoint and local turning point extraction. By employing multiple algorithms for filtering and extraction, the recognition rate of structural feature points 3 is improved. The core idea of ​​the point cloud keypoint extraction algorithm is to identify significant feature points such as corner points and edge line points in steel component 1 by calculating the normal vector, curvature value, surrounding point density, grayscale, and other feature information of each point.

[0067] In step S3, the coordinates of the constraint points are obtained through a GPS positioning device or other coordinate measuring devices.

[0068] In another embodiment of the present invention, step S10 is included after step S9. Step S10 includes: aligning and correcting the coordinates of each feature point of each steel component 1 to obtain an overall coordinate set C1; obtaining the three-dimensional coordinate set C0 of the structural feature point 3 from the three-dimensional model of the steel structure; obtaining the three-dimensional displacement value set D0 of the structural feature point 3 in the three-dimensional model of the steel structure according to the boundary conditions of the steel structure during operation; and comparing C1 with C0+D0 to obtain the overall manufacturing error of the steel structure. Then, the overall manufacturing error of the steel structure is used to check whether the construction quality of the steel structure meets customer requirements. For example, in some buildings with equipment, the equipment has requirements for overall manufacturing error; a large overall manufacturing error will affect the normal operation of the equipment.

[0069] In step S10, the specific steps for obtaining the three-dimensional displacement value set D0 include: based on the boundary conditions of the steel structure during operation, using the finite element method to analyze and establish a plate element finite element model, calculating the deformation result S0 of the finite element model under self-weight, and obtaining the three-dimensional displacement value set D0 of the structural feature point 3 from the deformation result S0.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Obtain a three-dimensional model of the steel structure based on the steel structure design drawings, and then obtain three-dimensional models of each steel component from the three-dimensional model of the steel structure. S2: Fabricate each steel component according to the steel structure design drawings, select and mark the key structural nodes on the fabricated steel components, and place the fabricated steel components according to the boundary conditions when they are to be assembled. S3: In the fabricated steel components, the nth steel component includes multiple constraint points, and the coordinates of the i-th constraint point are (gx... i gy i gz i The origin of the nth steel component is Y. n Then Y can be calculated using formulas (1) to (3). n Coordinates: = （1） = （2） = （3） Among them, SDX i Let SDY be the elastic support stiffness of the i-th constraint point in the X-axis direction. i Let SDZ be the elastic support stiffness of the i-th constraint point in the Y-axis direction. i Let qzx be the elastic support stiffness of the i-th constraint point in the Z-axis direction. i Let qzy be the constraint weight of the i-th constraint point in the X-axis direction. i Let qzz be the constraint weight of the i-th constraint point in the Y-axis direction. i Let be the constraint weight of the i-th constraint point in the Z-axis direction; For Y n Coordinates in the X-axis direction For Y n Coordinates in the Y-axis direction For Y n Coordinates in the Z-axis direction; S4: In the 3D model of the steel component, the nth steel component includes multiple constraint points, and the coordinates of the i-th constraint point are (mx...). i my i mz i The origin of the nth steel component is L. n L can then be calculated using formulas (4) to (6). n Coordinates: = （4） = （5） = （6） in, For L n Coordinates in the X-axis direction For L n Coordinates in the Y-axis direction For L n Coordinates in the Z-axis direction; S5: Y n Using the origin of the coordinate system, the nth steel component is scanned to obtain the point cloud coordinates of the nth steel component. Then, the three-dimensional coordinate set c1[n] of the structural feature points of the nth steel component is obtained from the marked structural key nodes. S6: L n Using the origin of the coordinate system, the coordinates of the nth steel component are obtained from the three-dimensional model of the nth steel component, and then the three-dimensional coordinate set c2[n] of the structural feature points of the nth steel component is obtained; S7: Move the origin L n and Y n By coinciding, the manufacturing errors of each structural feature point of the nth steel component are obtained; S8: Take the largest manufacturing error among all structural feature points of the nth steel component as the manufacturing error of the nth steel component. If there are multiple nth steel components in the steel structure, the manufacturing error of the nth steel component guides the manufacturing of subsequent steel components of the same specification, so as to reduce the manufacturing error of subsequent steel components of the same specification. S9: Convert the coordinate system c1[n] of different steel components into the overall coordinate system c3[n] under the splicing condition, and extract the coordinate sets c2[k]{x} and c3[m]{x} of the corresponding structural feature points of two adjacent steel components k and m to be assembled. The coordinate difference of the corresponding structural feature points is the assembly error β. k-m {x}; if the assembly error β k-m If {x} is greater than the predetermined value, it means that steel component k and steel component m cannot be assembled. Based on the manufacturing errors of each structural feature point of the steel component obtained in step S7, steel component k and steel component m are modified; if the assembly error β k-m If {x} is less than the predetermined value, then the coordinates of each structural feature point in steel component k and steel component m are assembled and corrected.

2. The virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the key structural nodes are nodes that can represent the stress deformation and splicing deformation characteristics of steel components.

3. The virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the constraint point is a point on the steel component whose displacement is restricted by an external structure or force.

4. The virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the boundary conditions include fixed boundary conditions, simply supported boundary conditions, symmetrical boundary conditions, and contact boundary conditions.

5. The virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the specific steps for reducing the manufacturing error of steel components of the same specification include: taking the largest manufacturing error among the structural feature points of the nth steel component as the manufacturing error of the nth steel component, and then using the manufacturing error of the nth steel component to guide the manufacturing of the next steel component of the same specification, so as to reduce the manufacturing error of the next steel component of the same specification; then using the manufacturing error of the previous steel component of the same specification to guide the manufacturing of the next steel component of the same specification, so as to continuously reduce the manufacturing error of the steel components of the same specification.

6. The virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, Y n Using the origin of the coordinate system, the nth steel component is scanned with a 3D laser scanner to obtain the point cloud coordinates of the nth steel component. Based on the marked key structural nodes, the key structural nodes of the nth steel component are identified using a point cloud key point extraction algorithm to obtain the 3D coordinate set c1[n] of the structural feature points of the nth steel component. The point cloud keypoint extraction algorithms include: ISS keypoint extraction method, Harris keypoint extraction method, and FPFH feature descriptor method.

7. The virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S9, the specific steps for aligning and correcting the coordinates of each structural feature point in steel component k and steel component m are as follows: For steel components with small assembly errors, an average interpolation method is used, in which the coordinate values ​​of corresponding structural feature points on the two steel components are averaged; for steel components with large assembly errors, a weighted interpolation method is used, in which the coordinates of the structural feature points of the main steel component or the steel component that is erected first are given a larger weight value, and interpolation is performed accordingly; wherein, an error exceeding 0.3 times the plate thickness is considered a large error, and an error less than or equal to 0.3 times the plate thickness is considered a small error.

8. The virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the coordinates of the constraint point are obtained through a GPS positioning device.

9. The virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, After step S9, step S10 is also included. Step S10 includes: assembling and correcting the coordinates of each feature point of each steel component to obtain the overall coordinate set C1; obtaining the three-dimensional coordinate set C0 of the structural feature points from the three-dimensional model of the steel structure; obtaining the three-dimensional displacement value set D0 of the structural feature points in the three-dimensional model of the steel structure according to the boundary conditions of the steel structure during operation; and comparing C1 with C0+D0 to obtain the overall manufacturing error of the steel structure.

10. The virtual assembly method for steel structure engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S10, the specific steps for obtaining the three-dimensional displacement value set D0 include: based on the boundary conditions of the steel structure during operation, using the finite element method to analyze and establish a plate element finite element model, calculating the deformation result S0 of the finite element model under self-weight, and obtaining the three-dimensional displacement value set D0 of the structural feature points from the deformation result S0.

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