Temperature compensation-based method, device and storage medium for inhibiting annealing deformation of aluminum parts

Abstract

The application discloses an aluminum part annealing deformation inhibition method and device based on temperature compensation and a storage medium, and relates to the method, steps of which comprise: constructing a surface heat absorption impedance discrete model; discretizing a three-dimensional surface of an aluminum part to be annealed and calculating impedance values to form a non-uniform heat absorption impedance field; obtaining aluminum three-dimensional body grid nodes, combining a thermal-induced particle repulsive force calculation strategy and a vertical load accumulation chain calculation strategy to output a full-field deformation vector; executing a multi-field coupling annealing path joint optimization algorithm, taking annealing process parameters and the non-uniform heat absorption impedance field and the full-field deformation vector as inputs to generate dynamic temperature control instructions; and based on a residual node displacement field optimized in step S3, calculating a reverse compensation vector and superimposing the reverse compensation vector to an original nominal geometric model to generate pre-deformation processing data. The application solves the problem that existing temperature compensation technologies ignore self-weight creep and avalanche collapse of aluminum alloy caused by sharp degradation of stiffness in an annealing temperature range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum annealing control technology, specifically to a method, device, and storage medium for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloys are widely used in aerospace and precision optics due to their excellent specific strength. Annealing is an essential process to eliminate residual stress introduced by machining and ensure dimensional stability. However, aluminum alloys have a high coefficient of thermal expansion and low high-temperature strength, making them prone to nonlinear deformation during annealing, which can lead to deviations in geometric tolerances such as flatness and contour of precision parts.

[0003] Existing technologies for suppressing deformation primarily employ temperature compensation methods based on linear thermoelasticity theory. This method typically assumes material isotropy, calculates theoretical expansion using the linear coefficient of thermal expansion, and performs reverse geometric compensation. Tooling design often follows design experience for high-melting-point metals, employing rigid supports to attempt to counteract thermal expansion and contraction through mechanical restraint. However, these methods only consider thermoelastic deformation under ideal conditions, neglecting the unique physical and metallurgical properties of aluminum alloys. This leads to significant deviations in the actual compensation effect, mainly in the following two aspects: First, existing methods generally neglect the self-weight creep behavior of aluminum alloys at low homologous temperatures. Aluminum has a low melting point, and conventional annealing temperatures reach 0.5 to 0.7 times its melting point. At this temperature, the yield strength and elastic modulus of aluminum alloys degrade sharply to 10% to 20% of room temperature, exhibiting significant viscoplastic characteristics. At this point, the irreversible flow caused by the part's own weight often exceeds thermal expansion deformation, leading to loss of flatness or thin-wall collapse, which compensation algorithms based on elasticity theory cannot predict.

[0004] Secondly, existing methods do not consider the problem of non-uniform radiative heating caused by differences in surface oxide layers. The emissivity of the alumina film on the aluminum alloy surface differs greatly from that of the substrate. Due to processing residues or surface cleanliness, the distribution of the oxide film on the workpiece surface is often uneven, resulting in differences in the absorption efficiency of radiative heat in different parts. This non-uniform heating introduces transient temperature gradients during the heating process, generating local thermal stresses that exceed the current yield strength of the material, thereby inducing permanent thermoplastic deformation caused by differences in radiative boundary conditions.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a method, apparatus and storage medium for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, and storage medium for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation, so as to solve the existing problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation, comprising the following steps: S1. Construct a discrete model of surface heat absorption impedance; Discretize the three-dimensional surface of the aluminum part to be annealed and calculate the impedance value to form a non-uniform heat absorption impedance field. S2. Obtain the three-dimensional volumetric mesh nodes of the aluminum part, and output the full-field deformation vector by combining the thermally induced particle repulsion force calculation strategy and the vertical load accumulation chain calculation strategy. S3. Execute the multi-field coupled annealing path joint optimization algorithm, taking the annealing process parameters and the non-uniform heat absorption impedance field and the full-field deformation vector as inputs to generate dynamic temperature control commands; S4. Based on the residual node displacement field optimized in step S3, calculate the reverse compensation vector and superimpose it onto the original nominal geometric model to generate pre-deformation processing data.

[0008] A further improvement of this invention lies in that the surface heat absorption impedance discrete model is implemented by acquiring grayscale image data of the surface of the aluminum part to be annealed using an industrial vision sensor, and mapping the grayscale image data of the surface of the aluminum part to be annealed to each feature unit of the three-dimensional mesh model of the aluminum part, including: extracting the pixel grayscale value corresponding to each feature unit. Using a preset inverse proportional function Calculate the heat injection resistance value of each characteristic element. And set the heat flux flowing through each feature unit. Its heat injection impedance value It is inversely proportional, thus generating non-uniform surface heat distribution data.

[0009] A further improvement of this invention is that the multi-field coupled annealing path joint optimization algorithm is executed based on the hierarchical architecture of the dung beetle algorithm, specifically including: S31. Based on the annealing process duration and equipment power boundary, an initial dung beetle population matrix is ​​generated using chaotic mapping, where each dung beetle represents a candidate temperature control curve composed of a discrete heating rate sequence. S32. The candidate temperature control curve represented by each dung beetle individual is used as input and fed into the non-uniform heat absorption impedance field and the full-field deformation vector. The full-time-domain step-size evolution strategy is executed to obtain the corresponding thermal stress dispersion sequence and creep displacement sequence. S33. Calculate the fitness of each dung beetle individual and sort the population according to the fitness value to determine the current global best individual; S34. Update the population position. For the top k individuals in the population, perform rolling ball search to approach the global optimum. For individuals that encounter fitness stagnation, perform dancing redirection to change the search direction. For individuals in the middle of the population, perform reproduction to conduct a local fine search. For individuals in the back of the population, perform stealing to jump directly to the neighborhood of the optimum. S35. Perform physical boundary verification on the updated population. If the convergence condition is met, output the dynamic temperature control curve corresponding to the globally optimal individual.

[0010] A further improvement of this invention is that the full-time-domain step-size evolution strategy monitors the single-step vertical displacement of each discrete particle in step S2 in real time. If the single-step vertical displacement of any particle exceeds the preset mesh feature length threshold, the system determines that there is a risk of numerical oscillation in the current calculation step; the system immediately triggers a rollback command, cancels the calculation results of the current time step, and resets the simulation time step. The time step is reduced to half of the original step size, and the evolution calculation for that time step is re-executed until the single-step vertical displacement meets the stability convergence requirement. Then, the standard time step size is restored to continue the calculation for the next frame.

[0011] A further improvement of this invention is that the fitness function includes extracting the current creep displacement and performing a second-order difference operation on the creep displacement sequence to obtain the creep acceleration sequence. ;like If the preset safety threshold is exceeded, a temperature rise penalty factor that is exponentially positively correlated with acceleration is superimposed on the basic cost function. , is represented as: The fitness function is then ultimately expressed as: in, This represents the standardized thermal stress sequence. This represents the standardized creep acceleration sequence. and This represents time-varying weights.

[0012] A further improvement of this invention is that the time-varying weight defines the recrystallization initiation temperature or stiffness drop temperature of the aluminum alloy material as the transformation temperature. Set creep risk weights The temperature increases nonlinearly in an S-shape with respect to instantaneous temperature T, and its growth function satisfies: ;in A sensitivity factor is set to characterize the material softening rate; thermal stress risk weights are defined. and They are complementary, that is ,in It is a non-zero minimum value.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that step S4 includes: obtaining and calculating the final residual displacement vector of the node after the evolution in step S3 has ended and the node has been cooled to room temperature. Generate the initial reverse compensation model, and the calculation formula is expressed as follows: ,in The compensation coefficient is used; subsequently, the volume of the initial reverse compensation model is calculated. Volume of the original nominal geometric model If the volume deviation rate exceeds a preset threshold, the compensation coefficient will be automatically adjusted. The reverse calculation steps are repeated until the volume deviation rate meets the preset requirements.

[0014] A further improvement of this invention is that, in step S2, the aluminum mesh nodes are first defined as independent particles with mass. Define the connection edges between nodes as dynamic keys, and assign a direction-sensitive weight to each dynamic key. If the direction of the dynamic key is parallel to the rolling direction, set If the direction of the dynamic key is perpendicular to the rolling direction, set The thermally induced repulsive force calculation strategy and the vertical load accumulation chain calculation strategy are used to obtain the thermally induced repulsive force displacement component and the vertical collapse displacement component, respectively. The repulsive force displacement component and the vertical collapse displacement component are then vector-superimposed to update the final spatial coordinates of the node. The thermally induced particle repulsion calculation strategy calculates the repulsion between any two nodes based on the current node temperature T within each simulation time step. Thermal repulsion spacing The position of each node is updated iteratively based on relaxation, and the thermal repulsive displacement component of each node is obtained by the difference in the change of the node position components. ; The vertical load accumulation chain calculation strategy calculates the cumulative mass of all nodes above each node in each vertical node chain. Combined with the material softening coefficient that varies with temperature Calculate the vertical sinking distance of each node. This leads to the vertical collapse displacement component caused by gravitational creep. .

[0015] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the above-described method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation.

[0016] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention first solves the problem of self-weight creep and avalanche collapse caused by the sharp degradation of stiffness in aluminum alloys in the annealing temperature range by constructing a deformation evolution model based on the vertical load accumulation chain and introducing a dung beetle optimization algorithm with look-ahead penalty for creep acceleration. It achieves accurate prediction and active avoidance of irreversible rheological behavior of large-size thin-walled aluminum parts in high-temperature viscoplastic state, and ensures the flatness and contour accuracy of the workpiece after stress-relief annealing.

[0018] 2. By constructing a discrete model of surface heat absorption impedance based on visual grayscale mapping and establishing a dynamic weight evaluation mechanism for thermal stress risk, the problem of radiative heat absorption efficiency differences caused by uneven oxide film thickness or oil residue on aluminum parts and the resulting transient thermal stress concentration is solved. This enables the quantitative characterization of non-uniform thermal boundary conditions without the need for expensive thermal imaging equipment. It forces the temperature control strategy to automatically reduce the heating rate in the low-temperature sensitive area to utilize heat conduction to balance the temperature difference, thereby eliminating permanent thermoplastic distortion caused by uneven local heating from the source. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than limitations thereof. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0021] The term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0022] Example 1 Figure 1 The flowchart of the temperature-compensated aluminum part annealing deformation suppression method disclosed in this embodiment is shown, and the steps are as follows: S1. Construct a discrete model of surface heat absorption impedance; Discretize the three-dimensional surface of the aluminum part to be annealed, calculate the heat flow injection of each unit and the impedance value according to the surface optical properties, and form a non-uniform heat absorption impedance field. Aluminum alloy surfaces often exhibit uneven oxide layer thickness or oil residue. In terms of optical performance, areas with thicker or rougher oxide layers have lower grayscale values ​​and higher actual thermal radiation absorption rates; while bright metal surfaces have higher grayscale values, higher reflectivity, and slower heat absorption.

[0023] The surface heat absorption impedance discrete model is implemented by acquiring grayscale image data of the surface of the aluminum part to be annealed using an industrial vision sensor, and mapping the grayscale image data of the surface of the aluminum part to be annealed into each feature unit of the three-dimensional mesh model of the aluminum part, including: extracting the pixel grayscale value corresponding to each feature unit. Using a preset inverse proportional function Calculate the heat injection resistance value of each characteristic element. And set the heat flux flowing through each feature unit. Its heat injection impedance value Inversely proportional, thus generating non-uniform surface heat distribution data. Through The inverse mapping transforms visual brightness into physical high thermal resistance and darkness into low thermal resistance. Compared to traditional thermal analysis that assumes uniform heat absorption on the surface, this embodiment does not require expensive infrared thermal imagers for real-time monitoring. It can construct high-precision non-uniform thermal boundary conditions using only a low-cost industrial camera, effectively capturing local thermal stress concentration problems caused by differences in surface conditions, and improving the accuracy of deformation prediction from the source.

[0024] S2. Obtain the 3D volumetric mesh nodes of the aluminum part, encompassing the entire annealing process. Discretized into M control time steps ,Right now The full-field deformation vector is output by combining the thermally induced particle repulsion calculation strategy for simulating expansion with the vertical load accumulation chain calculation strategy for simulating creep; Step S2 specifically includes: S21. First, define the aluminum mesh nodes as independent particles with mass. Define the connection edges between nodes as dynamic keys, and assign a direction-sensitive weight to each dynamic key. If the direction of the dynamic key is parallel to the rolling direction, it will be sensitive to expansion. (Setting...) If the direction of the dynamic key is perpendicular to the rolling direction, set .

[0025] S22. Obtain the thermally induced repulsive force displacement component through the aforementioned thermally induced particle repulsive force calculation strategy, including extracting the instantaneous node temperature from step S1. Within each simulation time step, calculate the temperature of any two nodes based on the current node temperature. Thermal repulsion spacing ,in, Indicates the initial length of the dynamic key. Indicates the expansion base. The average temperature is represented by the value, and the positions of each node are updated through relaxation iterations to obtain the thermally induced repulsive force displacement component of each node. At this time, each dynamic bond is increasing, and compression occurs between particles. Therefore, the system adjusts the positions of all nodes through multiple relaxation iterations to make them satisfy the following conditions as much as possible. The distance requirement. At this point, node i is at its initial position. ran to a new location The thermally induced repulsive displacement component is expressed as: The final model result is larger overall, reflecting the thermal expansion effect of the aluminum parts. The thermally induced repulsive force displacement component generated in this process is expressed as: It's permanent and won't bounce back when it cools down.

[0026] S23. Obtain the vertical collapse displacement components through a vertical load accumulation chain calculation strategy, including: calculating the cumulative mass of all nodes above each node in each vertical node chain. Based on the current temperature, the material softening coefficient is obtained from the table. Combined with the material softening coefficient that varies with temperature Calculate the vertical sinking distance of each node. This leads to the vertical collapse displacement component caused by gravitational creep. The vertical collapse displacement component only moves downwards, and the value at the bottom node is almost zero. The value increases as the component moves towards the suspended or large-span area, reflecting the creep process during the annealing of aluminum parts.

[0027] S24. Vector superimpose the repulsive displacement component and the vertical collapse displacement component to update the final spatial coordinates of the node. This yields the output full-field deformation vector.

[0028] Traditional finite element simulations often simplify materials to be isotropic, leading to significant deviations in dimensional predictions along the length and width directions. This invention, by embedding orientation-sensitive weights into the dynamic bond, accurately simulates the differentiated contribution of rolling texture to thermal expansion, significantly improving the dimensional compensation accuracy for sheet aluminum parts.

[0029] S3. Execute the multi-field coupled annealing path joint optimization algorithm, taking the annealing process parameters, the non-uniform endothermic impedance field, and the full-field deformation vector as inputs to generate dynamic temperature control commands; the multi-field coupled annealing path joint optimization algorithm is executed based on the hierarchical architecture of the dung beetle algorithm, specifically including: S31, Based on the annealing process duration With respect to equipment power boundaries, the number of discrete control nodes D, for example, dividing the entire process into 20 time periods; and the physical boundary of the furnace temperature rise rate. In this embodiment, we take The initial dung beetle population matrix is ​​generated using chaotic mapping, comprising N populations, instead of purely random generation. This ensures a more uniform distribution of initial solutions in the solution space, avoiding initial clustering in localized areas. , where each row vector This represents a complete candidate temperature rise curve; where each dung beetle individual represents a candidate temperature control curve composed of a discrete temperature rise rate sequence. S32. Taking the candidate temperature control curve represented by each dung beetle individual as input, since S2 uses particle repulsion and dynamic bonds, in discrete calculations, if the output of S3... Too large, heating rate too fast, or time step too large. An inappropriate selection can lead to excessive deformation in a single dynamic bond calculation. This results in particles experiencing excessive force, which is then pulled back by a huge force in the next frame, causing the particles to jump wildly between positions instead of moving smoothly. This, in turn, distorts the simulation results and may even cause computational overflow, resulting in the cost function J obtained by the DBO algorithm being zero.

[0030] Therefore, in this embodiment, the data is fed into the non-uniform heat-absorbing impedance field and the full-field deformation vector, and a full-time-domain step-size evolution strategy is executed to obtain the corresponding thermal stress dispersion sequence and creep displacement sequence. The full-time-domain step-size evolution strategy monitors the single-step vertical displacement of each discrete particle in step S2 in real time. If the single-step vertical displacement of any particle exceeds the preset mesh feature length threshold, the system determines that there is a risk of numerical oscillation in the current calculation step; the system immediately triggers a rollback command, cancels the calculation results of the current time step, and resets the simulation time step. The time step is reduced to half of the original step size, and the evolution calculation for that time step is re-executed until the single-step vertical displacement meets the stability convergence requirement. Then, the standard time step size is restored to continue the calculation for the next frame.

[0031] S33. Calculate the fitness of each dung beetle individual and sort the population according to the fitness value to determine the current global best individual; Due to the material properties of aluminum alloys, especially the non-linear softening coefficient, at a certain temperature point, such as... A step leap will occur. At this time, the dung beetle population is... The anomaly went unnoticed at the time, and the cost (J) was very low, so the dung beetle population all gathered in this direction. If the temperature then slightly exceeded the limit... The cost J can suddenly explode, causing an instantaneous collapse; this manifests as the DBO becoming paralyzed due to the previous flat region, unable to react in time at the critical point, or hesitant to approach this efficient region. In this case, the algorithm's curve is either too conservative, leading to low efficiency, or it repeatedly oscillates around the critical point, resulting in unstable results. Therefore, when calculating fitness, not only the risk at the current moment must be considered, but also the risk of continued temperature increase must be estimated; by adding a temperature increase penalty factor to the fitness function, the fitness function includes extracting the current creep displacement and performing a second-order difference operation on the creep displacement sequence to obtain the creep acceleration sequence. ;like If the value exceeds the preset safety threshold, it indicates the presence of an avalanche precursor point with a sharp increase in creep acceleration. In this case, a temperature rise penalty factor that is exponentially positively correlated with acceleration is superimposed on the basic cost function. , is represented as: By forcibly reducing the fitness score of the dung beetle individual through the aforementioned temperature increase penalty factor, the algorithm is forced to automatically avoid dangerous temperature zones that, while not yet severely collapsed, already exhibit a high tendency to collapse during the evolutionary process; thus, the fitness function is ultimately expressed as: in, This represents the standardized thermal stress sequence. This represents the standardized creep acceleration sequence. and Indicates time-varying weights; The time-varying weight defines the recrystallization initiation temperature or stiffness drop temperature of the aluminum alloy material as the transformation temperature. , To ensure the smoothness of the dung beetle optimization algorithm, this embodiment does not recommend using abrupt piecewise functions, but instead uses a smooth sigmoid function to set the creep risk weights. The temperature increases nonlinearly in an S-shape with respect to instantaneous temperature T, and its growth function satisfies: ;in A sensitivity factor characterizing the softening rate of a material; Setting thermal stress risk weights and They are complementary, that is ,in It is a non-zero minimum value. At this point, in the low-temperature region, if it is less than... At this point, the aluminum is brittle, and the temperature difference caused by the impedance difference is the greatest. Since there is no creep at this stage, it is necessary to... High, Approaching 0; in high-temperature regions, such as greater than 0. At this point, the metal has good ductility, and temperature differences are unlikely to cause cracking. However, at this point, it softens significantly, and even a small displacement represents an extremely high risk. It can be lower, It grows exponentially in high-temperature areas.

[0032] If at a certain moment the power is not exceeded, but its second derivative... If the value is very large, this will add a huge number to the total score J, forcing the dung beetle algorithm to abandon this path.

[0033] S34. Update the population position. For the top k individuals (the top 20% in this embodiment), perform a rolling ball search to move towards the global optimum. Approaching: ;Utilizing the abrupt change characteristic of the tangent function, we attempted to drastically alter the heating strategy, in which, Let be the updated dung beetle position vector, representing the new candidate warming curve. 'b' represents the current location of the dung beetle, and 'a' represents the current temperature rise curve being evaluated. 'b' is the bias, representing the environmental disturbance factor, configured to simulate random perturbations of the external environment on the temperature rise strategy. This is the change or offset of light intensity, used to simulate the path offset caused by changes in light intensity. It is usually a randomly generated small vector representing a random perturbation term. Traditional optimization algorithms typically generate smooth curves. However, in annealing processes, pulse heating—that is, short-duration high-power heating followed by holding or cooling—is sometimes required to disrupt the stress balance. The tangent function in... The vicinity exhibits numerical mutations, capable of generating massive displacement vectors. If a dung beetle encounters an individual with stagnant fitness, it will perform a dance redirection behavior to change its search orientation: ,in, For the tangent operator, For the deflection angle, when near hour, The value of will tend towards infinity most of the time. Smaller It's also very small; the curve is only slightly adjusted. When the random value reaches the critical value, The sudden increase in size leads to a faster rate of temperature rise. A dramatic change occurred. This represents the position at the previous moment, indicating the historical memory curve.

[0034] For individuals in the middle of the population, a local fine search is performed to perform reproductive behavior (the middle 40% in this embodiment); for individuals in the back of the population, a stealing behavior is performed (the bottom 40% in this embodiment), and the search jumps directly to the neighborhood of the optimal solution; the updated next-generation population matrix... .

[0035] This embodiment utilizes the abrupt change characteristic of the tangent function, enabling the algorithm to automatically generate nonlinear pulse or step heating strategies. This helps the algorithm escape the deadlock region of conventional solutions, where no matter how finely the heating rate is adjusted, it is impossible to simultaneously reduce thermal stress and creep, thus finding a more optimal unconventional process path.

[0036] S35. Perform physical boundary verification on the updated population, checking the derivative of each curve, expressed as the heating rate. If... Forced to be set ;like Furthermore, the process does not allow for cooling, so it is forced to be set to 0. The maximum power limit of the equipment represents the maximum physical heating capacity that the annealing furnace hardware can achieve. In this embodiment, it is taken as... .

[0037] If the number of iterations is greater than or optimal fitness If the temperature decrease is less than a set threshold for 10 consecutive generations, the process terminates; otherwise, return to step S32 to continue the loop. Output the globally optimal temperature rise curve. As a dynamic temperature control curve, the dynamic temperature control curve includes time-temperature data points.

[0038] S4. Based on the residual nodal displacement field optimized in step three, calculate the reverse compensation vector and superimpose it onto the original nominal geometric model to generate pre-deformation machining data. Specific steps include: S41. Extract the final mesh state at the end of the temperature path simulation after S3 optimization, and compare it with the simulated mesh nodes. With the original design mesh nodes Extract the displacement vector of each grid node i. : .

[0039] S42. Perform the first round of mirror reverse compensation to generate the initial reverse compensation model. The calculation formula is as follows: ,in This is the compensation coefficient; for example, if the simulation shows that the cantilever has collapsed downwards by 0.5mm, this embodiment will tilt the model upwards by 0.5mm.

[0040] S43. When the model tilts upwards, the center of gravity of the aluminum part changes slightly, causing a change in the torque distribution at high temperatures, which affects the accuracy of previous simulation results. Therefore, the first... Secondary compensation model Re-enter the data into the simulation flow of steps S2 and S3 to calculate its shape after annealing. The volume of the initial reverse compensation model is obtained. Volume of the original nominal geometric model deviation rate If the volume deviation rate exceeds the preset threshold, the compensation coefficient will be automatically adjusted. And repeat the reverse calculation steps: , This is a relaxation factor used to prevent iterative oscillations until the volume deviation rate meets a preset requirement.

[0041] S44. Since the calculated model surface may be wavy, or cause the clamping reference surface to be distorted, which may have a certain impact on the machining process, this embodiment applies constraints to this process, including: defining a set. The positioning reference surfaces for the parts include the bottom surface and the positioning holes. Let the displacement vector This indicates that no compensation is performed in the normal direction, or only a rigid body translation is performed to ensure the part is flat and can be placed on the machine tool table. Subsequently, the NURBS fitting algorithm is used to process the compensated discrete mesh points. Perform smooth fitting to generate a STEP / IGES solid model that can be used for CNC programming, eliminating high-frequency noise caused by mesh distortion.

[0042] The threshold and weight settings involved in this embodiment can be set by default according to the present invention, or can be set by those skilled in the art.

[0043] Example 2 This embodiment provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be called by the processor; The processor executes the above-mentioned method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

[0044] This electronic device can vary considerably depending on its configuration or performance. It may include one or more processors (Central Processing Units, CPUs) and one or more memories, wherein the memory stores at least one computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the temperature-compensated aluminum annealing deformation suppression method provided in the above-described embodiment. The electronic device may also include other components for implementing its functions; for example, it may have wired or wireless network interfaces and input / output interfaces for data input and output. Details will not be elaborated upon in this embodiment.

[0045] Example 3 This embodiment proposes a computer-readable storage medium on which an erasable and rewritable computer program is stored. When the computer program runs on the computer device, it causes the computer device to perform the above-mentioned method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation.

[0046] For example, computer-readable storage media can be read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage devices.

[0047] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0048] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0049] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0050] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for inhibiting annealing distortion of an aluminum member based on temperature compensation, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1. Construct a discrete model of surface heat absorption impedance; Discretize the three-dimensional surface of the aluminum part to be annealed and calculate the impedance value to form a non-uniform heat absorption impedance field. S2. Obtain the three-dimensional volumetric mesh nodes of the aluminum part, and output the full-field deformation vector by combining the thermally induced particle repulsion force calculation strategy and the vertical load accumulation chain calculation strategy. S3. Execute the multi-field coupled annealing path joint optimization algorithm, taking the annealing process parameters and the non-uniform heat absorption impedance field and the full-field deformation vector as inputs to generate dynamic temperature control commands; S4. Based on the residual node displacement field optimized in step S3, calculate the reverse compensation vector and superimpose it onto the original nominal geometric model to generate pre-deformation processing data.

2. The method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface heat absorption impedance discrete model is implemented by acquiring grayscale image data of the surface of the aluminum part to be annealed using an industrial vision sensor, and mapping the grayscale image data of the surface of the aluminum part to be annealed into each feature unit of the three-dimensional mesh model of the aluminum part, including: extracting the pixel grayscale value corresponding to each feature unit. Using a preset inverse proportional function Calculate the heat injection resistance value of each characteristic element. And set the heat flux flowing through each feature unit. Its heat injection resistance value It is inversely proportional, thus generating non-uniform surface heat distribution data.

3. The method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-field coupled annealing path joint optimization algorithm is executed based on the hierarchical architecture of the dung beetle algorithm, specifically including: S31. Based on the annealing process duration and equipment power boundary, an initial dung beetle population matrix is ​​generated using chaotic mapping, where each dung beetle represents a candidate temperature control curve composed of a discrete heating rate sequence. S32. The candidate temperature control curve represented by each dung beetle individual is used as input and fed into the non-uniform heat absorption impedance field and the full-field deformation vector. The full-time-domain step-size evolution strategy is executed to obtain the corresponding thermal stress dispersion sequence and creep displacement sequence. S33. Calculate the fitness of each dung beetle individual and sort the population according to the fitness value to determine the current global best individual; S34. Update the population position. For the top k individuals in the population, perform rolling ball search to approach the global optimum. For individuals that encounter fitness stagnation, perform dancing redirection to change the search direction. For individuals in the middle of the population, perform reproduction to conduct a local fine search. For individuals in the back of the population, perform stealing to jump directly to the neighborhood of the optimum. S35. Perform physical boundary verification on the updated population. If the convergence condition is met, output the dynamic temperature control curve corresponding to the globally optimal individual.

4. The method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The full-time-domain step-size evolution strategy monitors the single-step vertical displacement of each discrete particle in step S2 in real time. If the single-step vertical displacement of any particle exceeds the preset mesh feature length threshold, the system determines that there is a risk of numerical oscillation in the current calculation step; the system immediately triggers a rollback command, cancels the calculation results of the current time step, and resets the simulation time step. The time step is reduced to half of the original step size, and the evolution calculation for that time step is re-executed until the single-step vertical displacement meets the stability convergence requirement. Then, the standard time step size is restored to continue the calculation for the next frame.

5. The method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fitness function includes extracting the current creep displacement and performing a second-order difference operation on the creep displacement sequence to obtain the creep acceleration sequence. ;like If the preset safety threshold is exceeded, a temperature rise penalty factor that is exponentially positively correlated with acceleration is superimposed on the basic cost function. , is represented as: The fitness function is then ultimately expressed as: in, This represents the standardized thermal stress sequence. This represents the standardized creep acceleration sequence. and This represents time-varying weights.

6. The method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The time-varying weight defines the recrystallization initiation temperature or stiffness drop temperature of the aluminum alloy material as the transformation temperature. Set creep risk weights The temperature increases nonlinearly in an S-shape with respect to instantaneous temperature T, and its growth function satisfies: ;in A sensitivity factor is set to characterize the material softening rate; thermal stress risk weights are defined. and They are complementary, that is ,in It is a non-zero minimum value.

7. The method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation according to claim 6, characterized in that: S4 includes: obtaining and calculating the final residual displacement vector of the node after the evolution in step S3 has ended and the node has cooled to room temperature. Generate the initial reverse compensation model, and the calculation formula is expressed as follows: ,in The compensation coefficient is used; subsequently, the volume of the initial reverse compensation model is calculated. Volume of the original nominal geometric model If the volume deviation rate exceeds a preset threshold, the compensation coefficient will be automatically adjusted. The reverse calculation steps are repeated until the volume deviation rate meets the preset requirements.

8. The method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 first defines the aluminum mesh nodes as independent particles with mass. Define the connection edges between nodes as dynamic keys, and assign a direction-sensitive weight to each dynamic key. If the direction of the dynamic key is parallel to the rolling direction, set If the direction of the dynamic key is perpendicular to the rolling direction, set The thermally induced repulsive force calculation strategy and the vertical load accumulation chain calculation strategy are used to obtain the thermally induced repulsive force displacement component and the vertical collapse displacement component, respectively. The repulsive force displacement component and the vertical collapse displacement component are then vector-superimposed to update the final spatial coordinates of the node. The thermally induced particle repulsion calculation strategy calculates the repulsion between any two nodes based on the current node temperature T within each simulation time step. Thermal repulsion spacing The position of each node is updated iteratively based on relaxation, and the thermal repulsive displacement component of each node is obtained by the difference in the change of the node position components. ; The vertical load accumulation chain calculation strategy calculates the cumulative mass of all nodes above each node in each vertical node chain. Combined with the material softening coefficient that varies with temperature Calculate the vertical sinking distance of each node. This leads to the vertical collapse displacement component caused by gravitational creep. .

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation, as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for suppressing annealing deformation of aluminum parts based on temperature compensation, as described in any one of claims 1-8.

Images