An energy management method for coupling a hydrogen energy data center waste heat to a cigarette factory integrated energy system

Abstract

The application discloses an energy management method of a cigarette factory comprehensive energy system coupled with hydrogen energy data center waste heat, which combines the waste heat generated by the data center with the production process heat load of the cigarette factory, optimizes the overall process of waste heat recovery, energy storage and heat supply, realizes efficient recovery and dynamic adjustment of heat energy, collects solar energy, establishes a waste heat and solar energy compensation mechanism, realizes pure solar energy, mixed energy supply and pure waste heat compensation mode switching under different working conditions, improves the proportion of renewable energy and system stability, adopts intelligent scheduling technology, optimizes waste heat recovery and storage, improves the use efficiency of renewable energy, helps to realize industrial energy saving and carbon emission reduction, and provides an effective solution for industrial energy saving and emission reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of comprehensive energy utilization technology, specifically relating to an energy management method for a cigarette factory's integrated energy system that couples waste heat from a hydrogen energy data center. The aim is to optimize energy utilization efficiency, reduce the overall energy consumption of the cigarette factory, and promote sustainable development. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, energy efficiency and carbon emissions in the industrial sector have become critical issues that urgently need to be addressed. Cigarette factories, as a typical high-energy-consuming industry, require significant amounts of heat and electricity in their production processes, including tobacco processing, drying, rolling, packaging, and environmental control. Traditional cigarette factories generally rely on fossil fuels such as coal-fired and gas-fired boilers for heating, which not only results in high operating costs but also significant heat losses during energy conversion and transmission, imposing a substantial carbon emission burden on the environment.

[0003] Currently, energy-saving renovations in cigarette factories mainly focus on heat recovery or equipment energy conservation in single processes, such as waste heat exchangers, heat pump air conditioning, and condensate recovery. While these measures can reduce energy consumption in specific areas, the overall system still lacks a coordinated management and dynamic control mechanism for thermal energy. Especially when multiple processes operate alternately over multiple time periods, the internal heat load of cigarette factories fluctuates significantly, resulting in a situation where "some processes have surplus heat while other areas suffer from insufficient heating," leading to low energy utilization rates.

[0004] Furthermore, with the intelligent and clean development of cigarette production lines, higher demands are placed on the stability, renewability, and real-time response capabilities of energy systems. Traditional energy management methods struggle to achieve cross-system energy optimization and multi-source energy integration, and are also unable to effectively cope with dynamic load changes under the new energy structure.

[0005] In response to the above challenges, how to improve energy utilization, achieve efficient recovery and graded utilization of waste heat, and introduce clean energy to achieve multi-source complementarity while maintaining cigarette production efficiency and process quality has become a key technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention proposes an energy management method for a cigarette factory integrated energy system that couples waste heat from a hydrogen energy data center. The aim is to overcome the limitations of traditional methods by deeply coupling waste heat recovery with the utilization of renewable energy, ultimately achieving coordinated scheduling of multiple energy sources.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Multiple heat-consuming terminals are divided within the cigarette factory and paired with hot water storage tanks to establish a balance between heat load and energy flow, thereby realizing zoned energy supply and dynamic coupling of supply and demand, and providing a basic model for multi-source energy dispatch. Low-grade waste heat from sources such as data centers and production processes is recovered and converted into usable thermal energy. The energy is then efficiently transferred and stored through the waste heat busbar B and the thermal storage system. The solar thermal collection system and the waste heat recovery system work together to meet process requirements while further increasing the proportion of renewable energy. By employing intelligent scheduling technology, the operating modes of each energy unit are adjusted in real time to ensure the flexibility and stability of energy supply and improve the overall energy management efficiency.

[0008] Specifically, an energy management method for a cigarette factory integrated energy system coupled with waste heat from a hydrogen energy data center includes the following steps: S1 Cigarette Factory uses heat-end segmentation and energy allocation modeling. The heat-end segmentation specifically includes identifying the cigarette factory's production processes and segmenting the heat-consuming units. The energy allocation modeling specifically establishes the energy balance relationship between energy supply units and heat-consuming units based on the heat-end segmentation results, resulting in an energy allocation model. Based on this model, zoned energy supply and dynamic coupling of supply and demand can be achieved, providing a fundamental model for multi-source energy scheduling. Energy supply units deliver energy to heat-consuming units according to the energy allocation model. In step S1: The heat-consuming end of the cigarette factory refers to the equipment and areas involved in high-temperature heating, drying, and shaping processes in the cigarette production process. To achieve centralized recovery and efficient utilization of waste heat, this step divides the heat-consuming end of the cigarette factory and establishes an energy allocation model based on the energy supply and demand relationship.

[0009] The heat medium enters the zoned hot water storage tanks, including the hot water storage tanks on the tobacco processing side, the hot water storage tanks on the cigarette packaging side, the hot water storage tanks in the cigarette packaging washing room, and the hot water storage tanks in the office building and auxiliary workshops. Each hot water storage tank serves as an energy supply unit, supplying heat load to different heat-using ends (heat-using units) according to the process characteristics of the cigarette factory, realizing zoned supply and staggered utilization of heat, thereby effectively mitigating the impact of waste heat fluctuations on production.

[0010] Step S101: Use hot-end segmentation and process identification This document first analyzes the production process of a cigarette factory, identifying key process steps that require continuous high-temperature heat energy consumption. These steps are then divided into heat-consuming units, specifically including the heat-consuming units on the packaging side, the packaging washing room, the tobacco processing side, the office building, and the auxiliary workshop. The hot end for the packaging side includes a cigarette dryer, a filter rod forming machine, and a hot melt adhesive system for packaging machines, used for drying cigarettes and bonding packaging. The heating element for the roll-up washing room includes a hot water demand system for the roll-up washing room and a heat retention system for the scented drum. Typical equipment for the hot end of the tobacco processing side includes tobacco drying machine, stem drying machine, expansion dryer, stem roasting machine, etc., used for drying, expanding and shaping tobacco shreds and stems; The office building's heating components mainly include the air conditioning system and domestic hot water system within the office building. These systems typically operate through central air conditioning terminals and hot water supply networks to ensure stable temperature and humidity in the office area and meet the heating needs of residents. The auxiliary workshop heating end includes auxiliary workshop heat demand equipment and systems directly connected to high-temperature pipelines. Its typical form is heating and hot water load equipment and systems in laboratories, maintenance workshops and auxiliary production workshops, used to maintain the basic thermal energy conditions required for the production environment and related processes of the auxiliary workshop.

[0011] Based on the above classification, various heat-using units in the cigarette factory are identified, and their corresponding relationships with hot water storage tanks are established. Specifically, the hot water storage tank S1 on the cigarette packaging side supplies energy to the cigarette packaging heat-using end; the hot water storage tank S2 in the cigarette packaging washing room supplies energy to the washing heat-using end; the hot water storage tank S3 on the tobacco processing side supplies energy to the tobacco processing heat-using end; the hot water storage tank S4 in the office building supplies energy to the office building heat-using end, and so on. The hot water storage tank Sn in the auxiliary workshop supplies energy to the auxiliary workshop heat-using end.

[0012] Each hot end The operating status parameters (temperature, flow rate, power, and energy efficiency coefficient) form the information flow at the heat end. The data is then uploaded in real time to the intelligent scheduling module for load forecasting and energy allocation optimization.

[0013] Step S102: Energy distribution modeling to ensure the rational distribution and supply of heat.

[0014] Introducing the energy conservation expression, we establish the formula for each heat-consuming unit. With hot water storage tank The energy balance relationship between them yields an energy distribution model; specifically expressed as: in, For the i-th hot water storage tank The energy supplied This refers to the energy loss that occurs during the heat transfer and heat exchange process between the heat-consuming end and the hot water storage tank. To ultimately reach the heat-using unit The effective heat load. This formula quantitatively describes the energy transfer process between the energy supply unit and the heat consumption unit. Through the above energy balance relationship, unified allocation and stable energy supply of the hot end area inside the cigarette factory can be achieved.

[0015] To ensure the stability and adaptability of the heating process, dynamic adjustments can be made between the various hot water storage tanks. When the demand at a certain heat-consuming end decreases, the surplus energy can be stored in the corresponding tank for peak-shifting utilization; when the demand at a certain heat-consuming end increases, energy compensation can be achieved through cross-regional allocation. This forms a closed-loop coupling relationship between "energy supply unit and heat-consuming end," realizing the zoned supply and overall control of waste heat from the cigarette factory.

[0016] S2 waste heat collection and recovery specifically includes the identification and graded recovery of waste heat generated by the waste heat system consisting of hydrogen energy data center and cigarette factory, and the efficient energy conversion through heat exchange and heat pump units inside the cigarette factory, and the centralized transportation to the heat storage unit through waste heat bus B, so as to realize the efficient utilization and stable energy supply of multi-source waste heat.

[0017] The aforementioned waste heat collection and recovery refers to the centralized identification, recovery, and conversion of waste heat from different sources during the operation of hydrogen energy data centers, cigarette factories, and their supporting facilities, in order to achieve efficient utilization and dynamic compensation of low-grade energy. This step, through the correspondence between waste heat source Z and waste heat recovery unit U, connects multiple types of waste heat to the waste heat bus B and transmits it to the heat storage unit S, forming a stable waste heat energy input.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2: the waste heat collection and recovery process identifies and integrates multiple waste heat sources to achieve centralized recovery and efficient conversion of waste heat energy. Specifically, waste heat from the hydrogen energy data center and the cigarette factory (cigarette production process and air compressor system) sequentially enters the corresponding waste heat recovery unit U, and after heat exchange or heat pump conversion, it is connected to the waste heat bus B, forming a unified controllable heat energy input. Each waste heat recovery unit can not only achieve efficient capture when waste heat is sufficient, but also provide additional heat energy through compensating heat pump units when waste heat is insufficient, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of the waste heat collection process.

[0019] Step S201: Waste Heat Recovery from Hydrogen Energy Data Center In the layout of a cigarette factory industrial park, a hydrogen energy data center is a typical large-scale waste heat source. The cooling waste heat generated during its operation can be regarded as waste heat source Z1, which is collected and converted through the hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery unit U1 and the data center chilled water waste heat recovery unit U2.

[0020] The hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery unit U1 addresses the waste heat generated during the power generation process of the hydrogen fuel cell by using a heat exchange unit (high-efficiency heat exchange device) to recover the heat released during the cooling process and inject it into the waste heat bus B. The data center chilled water waste heat recovery unit U2 captures the temperature difference during the operation of the chiller unit, recovers the waste heat using a heat exchange unit (plate heat exchanger), and injects it into the waste heat bus B.

[0021] The energy balance relationship between the two types of recovery units mentioned above can be expressed as: in, This indicates the total waste heat generated by the hydrogen-powered data center. and These represent the waste heat recovered by the hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery unit U1 and the data center chilled water waste heat recovery unit U2, respectively. and The waste heat is transported to the heat storage unit S via the waste heat busbar B, and the transport process satisfies the following: in, This indicates the heat loss during heat transfer and heat exchange.

[0022] This process enables the centralized collection of high-density waste heat during the operation of the data center, providing a stable and adjustable energy supply for the internal heat-consuming parts of the cigarette factory.

[0023] Step S202, Waste Heat Recovery from Cigarette Factory The production processes and power systems of cigarette factories also generate a large amount of waste heat, constituting a major source of low-grade energy, and are considered waste heat source Z2. (Cigarette factory waste heat) Including residual heat on the coil side Residual heat from the silk-making side Waste heat from air source heat pumps Waste heat from chilled water in cigarette factories and waste heat from air compressor The waste heat from the cigarette factory is collected and converted by multiple types of waste heat recovery units: Residual heat on the roll side The waste heat from the high-temperature exhaust gas in the packaging workshop is recovered through the U3 waste heat recovery unit on the packaging side, which also recovers waste heat from the yarn processing side. Waste heat from the tobacco drying, stem drying, and expansion drying processes is captured by the waste heat recovery unit U4 on the tobacco-making side. When the waste heat is insufficient, a four-pipe air-cooled spiral heat pump unit provides compensation. Waste heat is also recovered by the air source heat pump waste heat recovery unit U5, the cigarette factory chilled water waste heat recovery unit U6, and the air compressor waste heat recovery unit U7. Air source heat pump waste heat Waste heat from the cigarette factory's chilled water is collected by the air source heat pump waste heat recovery unit U5. and waste heat from air compressor The waste heat is recovered by the cigarette factory chilled water waste heat recovery unit U6 and the air compressor waste heat recovery unit U7, respectively.

[0024] The energy distribution relationship of the above waste heat recovery units satisfies: ; The total waste heat recovery amount is obtained by summing the following formula: in, The total waste heat recovery is used as the input to the thermal storage unit S.

[0025] Through the above design, waste heat from the cigarette factory can be deeply recovered and utilized in a tiered manner. In particular, the dynamic energy supply when waste heat is insufficient is achieved through heat pump compensation, ensuring the continuous operation and heating stability of the cigarette factory's hot end.

[0026] Through the implementation of step S2, the waste heat collection and recovery system of the cigarette factory and its supporting facilities has formed a closed-loop model of "multi-source waste heat - classified recovery - busbar integration - unified transmission". Waste heat from the hydrogen energy data center and waste heat from cigarettes are collected through different recovery units and centrally coupled on the waste heat busbar; waste heat from the air compressor and chilled water of the power system is deeply utilized and dynamically compensated through heat pump devices. Finally, all waste heat is converged into a unified input through the busbar and injected into the heat storage unit S, providing a continuous, stable and controllable heat energy source for subsequent energy storage and distribution.

[0027] Meanwhile, each waste heat recovery unit Status information (temperature difference, flow rate, energy efficiency coefficient) forms a waste heat recovery information flow. The data is transmitted to the intelligent scheduling module via the data acquisition system. The intelligent scheduling module then processes the real-time waste heat source information. The start-up, shutdown, and load distribution of the recovery unit are dynamically adjusted to optimize the overall energy efficiency and stability of the waste heat busbar B.

[0028] S3 Solar energy collection, storage, and combined utilization with waste heat specifically includes the collection and storage of solar thermal energy through a solar thermal system consisting of a solar collector and a phase change hot water storage tank; and the construction of an intelligent coupling mechanism between the solar thermal system and the waste heat system, so that waste heat and solar energy can compensate for each other, thereby enabling the switching between pure solar energy, hybrid energy supply, and pure waste heat compensation modes under different operating conditions, and improving the proportion of renewable energy and system stability.

[0029] The solar thermal system, as an important supplement to the cigarette factory's thermal energy network, aims to reduce traditional energy consumption by utilizing renewable energy and achieve deep integration with the waste heat system. In this step, the solar thermal system consists of a core subsystem comprised of a collector and a phase change hot water storage tank. Other modules include a solar irradiance and meteorological monitoring unit, a collector loop flow and temperature monitoring module, an intelligent valve control and circulating pump regulation module, a safety and protection unit, and a data acquisition and communication module. Through an intelligent scheduling module, multi-mode operation and dynamic switching are achieved, thereby increasing the proportion of clean energy and improving system operational stability.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S3: the solar thermal system can not only provide heat energy independently when solar irradiance is sufficient, but also be coupled with the waste heat system to supplement it, realizing multi-mode dynamic switching. Through intelligent control strategies, each thermal storage unit can achieve zoned energy supply and peak shaving and valley filling according to the needs of different heat-consuming ends, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of solar energy and enhancing the stability of system operation.

[0031] Step S301, Design and Layout of Solar Thermal System In the cigarette factory's regional energy system, solar thermal collectors are deployed as auxiliary, renewable heating units. These collectors can be precisely selected and rationally laid out based on the factory's geographical location, irradiance levels, and process requirements. Selecting the type of solar collector: Vacuum tube or CPC / U-tube solar collectors are preferred to meet the needs of cigarette factories for medium- and low-temperature hot water (45–85℃). Vacuum tube solar collectors offer high cost-effectiveness and are suitable for conventional heating processes; CPC / U-tube solar collectors are more efficient in low irradiance or low-temperature winter environments.

[0032] Installation and Integration Solution: The solar collectors can be integrated with factory rooftops, carports, and facades to achieve "photovoltaic + solar thermal" integration. While providing heating, a certain proportion of electricity is also output, thereby expanding the overall utilization rate of solar energy.

[0033] Solar thermal energy collected by the collector As a source of heat for solar thermal systems The calculation can be expressed as: in, For collector efficiency, For the heat collection area, Solar irradiance intensity. Solar thermal energy. After being converted by the phase change hot water storage tank P1, it is injected into the heat storage unit S for storage, serving as an important supplementary input for the hot end load.

[0034] Through the above measures, the solar thermal system can not only achieve stable access to renewable energy, but also provide green and low-carbon operation support for the cigarette factory's energy system.

[0035] Step S302: Design of Phase Change Hot Water Storage Tank and Coupling Control Mechanism The selection of PCM (phase change thermal storage material) for the phase change hot water storage tank is as follows: For high-temperature heat-consuming processes in cigarette factories (such as tobacco processing and drying), inorganic hydrated salt PCM with a melting point of 75–85℃ is selected, which has a high heat storage density and can match the process hot water requirements; for medium- and low-temperature heat-consuming processes in data centers and cigarette factories, organic fatty acid PCM with a melting point of 45–55℃ is selected to ensure stable medium-temperature heating capacity. The phase change hot water storage tank adopts a multi-tube bundle encapsulation structure to increase the heat exchange area and solve the problem of insufficient thermal conductivity of PCM, thereby improving the heat storage and release rates.

[0036] The coupling control mechanism of the phase change hot water tank is designed such that the phase change hot water tank is functionally divided according to temperature stratification. The upper high-temperature zone directly supplies the high-temperature heat-using end of the cigarette factory, the middle medium-temperature zone exchanges energy with the hydrogen energy data center and the medium-low temperature heat-using end in the cigarette factory, and the lower low-temperature zone is connected to the solar collector to realize the cascade utilization of thermal energy.

[0037] Its energy conservation relationship can be simplified as follows: in, For the heat input of the solar thermal collector system, As supplementary input from the waste heat system, For heat storage unit losses, This refers to the effective energy that the thermal storage unit can ultimately supply.

[0038] Step S303: Establish a compensation mechanism for waste heat and solar energy, thereby enabling the switching between pure solar energy, hybrid energy supply, and pure waste heat compensation modes under different operating conditions. The specific method is as follows: The intelligent coupling mechanism between the solar thermal collector system and the waste heat system involves switching modes via a three-way valve and an intelligent controller: Pure solar mode: During days with high irradiance, heating is directly provided by the solar collector and the hot water storage tank; Solar + waste heat supplementary mode: On cloudy days or in the early morning or evening when irradiance is low, heating is provided by the solar collector system, with the waste heat system compensating for any shortfall; Pure waste heat mode: At night or during continuous cloudy / rainy weather, the waste heat system provides full energy. An overheat protection mechanism is also included: when the temperature of the phase change hot water storage tank exceeds the 95℃ safety threshold, the system automatically switches to the cooling tower circuit or heat dissipation fins to prevent excessive pressure.

[0039] Through the implementation of step S3, the energy system of the cigarette factory has achieved a deep coupling of solar energy and waste heat, and constructed a clean energy heating chain of "solar heat collection - phase change energy storage - intelligent control". The solar heat collection system not only supplies energy independently when the energy is sufficient, but also forms an effective supplement when the waste heat is insufficient; the phase change hot water tank ensures the continuity and rapid response ability of heat storage / loading / release. The collector, detection unit and phase change hot water tank together constitute the solar heat collection system P, and its operating status (irradiation intensity, fluid temperature difference, heat storage layer temperature) forms the solar heat collection information flow . This information flow is uploaded to the intelligent scheduling module in real time through the communication module to form a comprehensive information flow , which is used to judge the solar heating efficiency and mode switching. The interaction logic between the energy flow and the information flow in this process can be described as , represents the energy output from the solar heat collection system, represents the information flow from the solar heat collection system. Finally, this link effectively improves the renewable energy utilization rate and operation stability of the system, providing a solid support for the green and low-carbon transformation of the energy system of the cigarette factory.

[0040] S4 Heat storage distribution and energy management. The heat storage distribution specifically includes centralized heat storage of waste heat and solar energy, distributed on-demand heat storage and determination of heat storage capacity. The energy management specifically constructs a "centralized - distributed" multi-scale energy management system for the cigarette factory based on the energy distribution model, ensuring the balance between heat energy supply and demand and the flexible adjustment of the system, and realizing on-demand zoning heat supply for heat loads.

[0041] The heat storage distribution and energy management link is the key hub of the energy system of the cigarette factory. This step collects the output from the waste heat recovery unit and the output from the solar heat collection unit through the waste heat bus B, forms a unified input heat , and transports it to the heat storage unit in sequence. While realizing the centralized storage of energy, the heat storage unit also undertakes the functions of heat energy distribution and regulation in multiple process zones, thus ensuring the stability and flexibility of heat use in the whole process of the cigarette factory.

[0042] Furthermore, in step S4: The heat storage system not only includes the phase change hot water tank in the center of the factory area, but also includes small buffer heat storage devices distributed in heat use areas such as the silk making workshop and the cigarette making and packing workshop. Through the multi-level coupling of central - distributed, the system can cut peaks and fill valleys when the supply and demand are unbalanced, and respond quickly when there are fluctuations at the heat use end, realizing multi-scale energy management at the global and local levels of the cigarette factory.

[0043] Step S401, Heat storage distribution Thermal energy distribution is achieved based on a thermal energy storage system, which consists of centralized thermal energy storage units and distributed buffer thermal energy storage units. Centralized thermal storage units, acting as the system's "heat bank," are typically large PCM phase change water storage tanks. Their main function is to balance the difference between energy input and heat demand, ensuring a 24 / 7 heat supply through centralized energy storage and regulating energy during supply-demand mismatches. Their input heat... for: in, For hydrogen energy data centers or waste heat from cigarette factories, Solar thermal energy, This is due to storage and transmission losses.

[0044] Distributed on-demand thermal storage is implemented based on distributed buffer thermal storage units. These units are located at the inlet of the recovery units for waste heat from the cigarette packaging side, the tobacco processing side, the air source heat pump, the chilled water in the cigarette factory, and the air compressor, and employ a small vertical water tank structure. Their main functions are: pressure and flow stabilization: avoiding pressure fluctuations in the main pipeline caused by the start-up and shutdown of production equipment; rapid response: meeting the instantaneous high-load demands of the production process and reducing transmission delays; and energy consumption metering: serving as zoned metering points for independent statistical analysis and assessment of workshop energy consumption.

[0045] By combining centralized and distributed thermal storage units, the cigarette factory's energy system possesses a dual-level regulation capability of "centralized-distributed" regulation, ensuring both overall energy balance and meeting local rapid response needs.

[0046] The operating status of the thermal storage system (stored energy, inlet and outlet water temperatures, flow rate, etc.) constitutes the information flow of the thermal storage unit. The data is transmitted to the intelligent scheduling module in real time.

[0047] Step S402: Determining thermal storage capacity and energy management.

[0048] To ensure that the thermal storage system can meet the dynamic load demand of the cigarette factory throughout the year, this sub-step introduces a method for calculating thermal storage capacity and managing energy based on spatiotemporal distribution.

[0049] The thermal storage capacity is calculated based on the hourly load curve and the hourly energy supply curve of solar / waste heat in a typical year. Its total capacity is determined by the maximum deficit value in the annual cumulative heat surplus / deficit curve (the maximum negative deviation of the cumulative heat supply and demand difference curve): in, This indicates the use of solar energy and waste heat for heating. Indicates the duration of heating. This indicates the heat load required for each process step at different times. Indicates the duration of the load.

[0050] Based on the energy distribution model, a "centralized-distributed" multi-scale energy management system for cigarette factories is constructed, specifically: (1) Peak shaving and valley filling mode refers to charging energy when waste heat and solar energy are in surplus and releasing energy when the load is at its peak; (2) Short-term fluctuation regulation mode refers to quickly compensating for instantaneous fluctuations at the heat-consuming end through distributed buffer heat storage units; (3) Backup mode refers to the system reserving interfaces to connect with municipal steam or gas boilers to cope with extreme weather or sudden load surges; modular design facilitates future expansion.

[0051] Through this mechanism, the cigarette factory's thermal storage system not only achieves a balance between supply and demand, but also possesses dynamic response and emergency response capabilities, thereby significantly improving the stability and flexibility of the energy system.

[0052] Through the implementation of step S4, the cigarette factory's energy system has established a multi-level energy management model of "waste heat - solar energy input - central thermal storage - distributed buffer". Waste heat bus B collects... and solar thermal energy Unified conversion into energy storage input Through centralized regulation by the central thermal storage unit, combined with distributed buffer units, rapid response is achieved. Ultimately, this thermal storage distribution and energy management system ensures the efficient utilization, continuous supply, and scalable operation of the cigarette factory's thermal energy.

[0053] S5 intelligent scheduling and optimization control specifically includes: establishing a system energy flow and information flow model, thereby converting the energy flow of S1-S4 into information flow, integrating waste heat, solar energy and thermal storage unit operation data, and realizing dynamic coordination and global optimization scheduling of multi-source energy through a closed-loop control mechanism of prediction-optimization-execution-feedback, thereby improving the system's energy efficiency, stability and intelligence level.

[0054] As the core hub of the cigarette factory's integrated energy system, the intelligent scheduling module collects, models, and optimizes the energy flow (E) and information flow (I) of multiple energy flow links, including the cigarette packaging side, the tobacco processing side, solar heating, and thermal storage units, to achieve global perception and closed-loop control of the system. This module is closely integrated with steps S1 to S4 to construct an integrated intelligent energy management and control system encompassing "waste heat—solar energy—thermal storage—heat consumption—scheduling".

[0055] Step S501: Information Flow and Energy Flow Modeling To achieve global coordination and data-driven control of the system, the intelligent scheduling module first establishes an energy flow and information flow model for the cigarette factory's integrated energy system.

[0056] The definition of energy flow specifically includes: Energy output from the i-th power supply unit of the waste heat system and energy output from solar thermal systems The input is aggregated and sent to the thermal storage unit S, and the energy output of the i-th power supply unit of the thermal storage unit S is... The energy is distributed to each heat-using unit through the energy distribution process. Their combined output forms an energy flow. .

[0057] The information flow definition specifically includes: Various types of information are transmitted to the central control system to form a comprehensive information flow. ;in, For waste heat source information flow, For waste heat recovery information flow, For solar thermal information flow, For the information flow of the thermal storage unit, For the information flow of the heat-using unit, Including temperature ,flow ,power and energy efficiency coefficient .

[0058] Waste heat source Z and recovery unit U constitute the energy harvesting layer of the integrated energy system, used to generate energy flow. And upload information stream The solar thermal collector unit P achieves this through flow monitoring and intelligent valve control. and Two-way interaction; the thermal storage unit S, as the energy center, feeds back its heat charging and discharging status to the system. With energy storage level; using thermal units Generate real-time load signals .

[0059] The overall information and energy interaction relationship can be represented as: Among them, information flow As the system's "neural network," it drives the dynamic allocation and regulation of energy flow.

[0060] Step S502: Optimize scheduling and execution control.

[0061] Based on the energy flow and information flow model, the intelligent scheduling module achieves dynamic optimal operation of the system through a closed-loop control mechanism of prediction-optimization-execution-feedback; the specific method is as follows: The forecasting layer uses historical operational data, production plans, and meteorological information to generate load forecast curves for the next 24 hours using an LSTM network. Forming a predictive information flow .

[0062] The optimization layer establishes a mechanism model of the cigarette factory's energy system, using the minimization of energy consumption, the maximization of waste heat utilization, and the optimization of system stability as objective functions to optimize the system's operating state. in, F Represents the objective function value. This represents energy consumption (which needs to be minimized). This indicates the utilization of waste heat (which needs to be maximized). Indicates system fluctuations (which need to be minimized); These represent the coefficients of the energy consumption term, waste heat utilization term, and system fluctuation term, respectively.

[0063] During the optimization process, the control variable is the valve opening degree. Pump speed With heat exchange temperature setting Optimize calculations to generate control instruction sets. .

[0064] The execution and feedback layer issues scheduling commands based on the control instruction set to each recovery unit U, solar thermal system P, thermal storage unit S, and heat-consuming terminal L, adjusting the energy flow distribution in real time. Each unit returns operational feedback. LSTM networks reduce prediction bias by minimizing the loss function (such as mean squared error, MSE) and continuously updating weights using the backpropagation algorithm (BPTT), thereby achieving a closed-loop optimization of "information-driven - energy response - dynamic correction".

[0065] The entire control process can be described by the following information flow and energy flow equations: ; ; ; in, This represents the overall information flow of the system at time t. This represents the system's control command set at time t. Represents the global optimization function. This represents the predicted information flow of the system at time t. and Let represent the energy flow of the system at times t and t+1, respectively. Represents the system state transition function. express, This indicates the optimal load supply.

[0066] Through this mechanism, the system prioritizes the charging of the thermal storage unit when there is surplus heat, and coordinates the joint energy release of the waste heat recovery unit and the solar thermal collection system when there is insufficient heat. Under load fluctuation conditions, the energy flow is automatically balanced and the information flow is adaptively optimized, so as to achieve efficient, stable and intelligent operation of the cigarette factory's energy system.

[0067] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention successfully combines waste heat generated by a data center with the heat load of a cigarette factory's production process through intelligent scheduling and optimized control of multi-source thermal energy synergy, significantly improving waste heat utilization efficiency. By combining waste heat with renewable energy sources such as solar energy and achieving real-time energy management through intelligent scheduling, energy allocation can be optimized according to production needs, ensuring efficient utilization of thermal energy during the cigarette factory's production process.

[0068] The advantage of this invention lies in its ability to overcome the limitations of traditional energy supply systems by integrating intelligent scheduling and energy flow optimization strategies, significantly reducing the overall energy consumption of cigarette factories. In particular, guided by intelligent scheduling technology, it not only optimizes waste heat recovery and storage but also improves the efficiency of renewable energy utilization, helping to achieve industrial energy conservation and carbon emission reduction goals. This system boasts advantages in energy saving, environmental protection, and process adaptability, enabling it to meet production needs while reducing reliance on traditional energy sources, providing an effective solution for the green and low-carbon transformation of cigarette factories.

[0069] This invention enables cross-industry energy complementarity between data centers and cigarette factories, significantly reducing the overall energy consumption of cigarette factories and improving waste heat utilization. It has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection and process adaptability.

[0070] This invention represents a breakthrough in "energy saving" and "environmental protection," helping to achieve the "dual carbon" goal. It provides an efficient and low-cost solution for sustainable development in the industrial sector and has broad application value and significant socio-economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0071] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the content of each module in this system and the transmission of heat flow data. Detailed Implementation

[0072] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for automatically generating instruction datasets for a distributed integrated energy system based on agent cooperation, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Modeling the cigarette factory's heat-end segmentation and energy distribution. The cigarette factory's production process is identified and the heat-end segmentation is performed. Based on the heat-end segmentation results, an energy balance relationship between the energy supply unit and the heat-consuming unit is established, resulting in an energy distribution model. The energy supply unit then supplies energy to the heat-consuming unit according to the energy distribution model. Step S2, Waste Heat Collection and Recovery. The waste heat generated by the waste heat system consisting of the hydrogen energy data center and the cigarette factory is identified and graded for recovery. The waste heat is efficiently converted through heat exchange and heat pump units inside the cigarette factory and then centrally transported to the heat storage unit via the waste heat bus to achieve efficient utilization and stable energy supply of multi-source waste heat. Step S3, solar energy collection, storage and combined utilization with waste heat, specifically includes collecting and storing solar thermal energy through a solar thermal system consisting of a collector and a phase change hot water storage tank; establishing a compensation mechanism between waste heat and solar energy, thereby enabling the switching between pure solar energy, hybrid energy supply and pure waste heat compensation modes under different operating conditions, and improving the proportion of renewable energy and system stability. Step S4, thermal storage allocation and energy management, wherein the thermal storage allocation specifically includes centralized thermal storage of waste heat and solar energy, distributed on-demand thermal storage, and determination of thermal storage capacity, and wherein the energy management specifically involves constructing a "centralized-distributed" multi-scale energy management system for the cigarette factory based on the energy allocation model, ensuring the balance between thermal energy supply and demand and flexible system adjustment, and realizing on-demand zoned energy supply for thermal load; Step S5, intelligent scheduling and optimization control, specifically involves: collecting the energy flows from steps S1-S4 and converting them into information flows. The information flows integrate waste heat, solar energy, and thermal storage unit operation data. Through a closed-loop control mechanism of prediction-optimization-execution-feedback, dynamic coordination and global optimization scheduling of multi-source energy are achieved, thereby improving the system's energy efficiency, stability, and intelligence level.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, step S1 includes: Step S101: Use hot-end segmentation and process identification: First, the production process of the cigarette factory was analyzed to identify key process steps that require continuous high-temperature heat energy consumption. These steps were then divided into heat-consuming units, specifically including the heat-consuming units on the packaging side, the packaging washing room, the tobacco processing side, the office building, and the auxiliary workshops. The hot end for the packaging side includes a cigarette dryer, a filter rod forming machine, and a hot melt adhesive system for packaging machines, used for drying cigarettes and bonding packaging. The heating element for the roll-up washing room includes a hot water demand system for the roll-up washing room and a heat retention system for the scented drum. Typical equipment for the hot end of the tobacco processing side includes tobacco drying machine, stem drying machine, expansion dryer, stem roasting machine, etc., used for drying, expanding and shaping tobacco shreds and stems; The office building's heating components mainly include the air conditioning system and domestic hot water system within the office building. These systems typically operate through central air conditioning terminals and hot water supply networks to ensure stable temperature and humidity in the office area and meet the heating needs of residents. The auxiliary workshop heating end includes auxiliary workshop heat demand equipment and systems directly connected to high-temperature pipelines. Its typical form is heating and hot water load equipment and systems in laboratories, maintenance workshops and auxiliary production workshops, used to maintain the basic thermal energy conditions required for the production environment and related processes of the auxiliary workshop.

[0075] Based on the above classification, various heat-using units in the cigarette factory are identified, and their corresponding relationships with hot water storage tanks are established. Specifically, the hot water storage tank S1 on the cigarette packaging side supplies energy to the cigarette packaging heat-using end; the hot water storage tank S2 in the cigarette packaging washing room supplies energy to the washing heat-using end; the hot water storage tank S3 on the tobacco processing side supplies energy to the tobacco processing heat-using end; the hot water storage tank S4 in the office building supplies energy to the office building heat-using end, and so on. The hot water storage tank Sn in the auxiliary workshop supplies energy to the auxiliary heat-using end.

[0076] Each hot end The operating status parameters (temperature, flow rate, power, and energy efficiency coefficient) form the information flow at the heat end. The data is then uploaded in real time to the intelligent scheduling module for load forecasting and energy allocation optimization.

[0077] Step S102: Energy distribution modeling to ensure the rational distribution and supply of heat. After completing the division of the heat-consuming ends, this sub-step further establishes the energy balance relationship between the hot water storage tanks and the heat-consuming ends. Each hot water storage tank, as an energy supply unit, supplies heat load to its corresponding heat-consuming end. The whole satisfies the following additive relationship: in, This indicates the total heat load at the hot end of the cigarette factory. This represents the heat load of the i-th heat-using unit, which is powered by its corresponding hot water storage tank.

[0078] Furthermore, an energy conservation expression is introduced to establish the energy conservation formula for each heat-consuming unit. With hot water storage tank The energy balance relationship between them yields an energy distribution model; specifically expressed as: in, For the i-th hot water storage tank The energy supplied This refers to the energy loss that occurs during the heat transfer and heat exchange process between the heat-consuming end and the hot water storage tank. To ultimately reach the heat-using unit Effective heat load.

[0079] To ensure the stability and adaptability of the heating process, dynamic adjustments can be made between the various hot water storage tanks. When the demand at a certain heat-consuming end decreases, the surplus energy can be stored in the corresponding tank for peak-shifting utilization; when the demand at a certain heat-consuming end increases, energy compensation can be achieved through cross-regional allocation. This forms a closed-loop coupling relationship between "energy supply unit and heat-consuming end," realizing the zoned supply and overall control of waste heat from the cigarette factory.

[0080] In step S2, the waste heat from the hydrogen energy data center and cigarette production process is identified and integrated, and then the waste heat energy is centrally recovered and efficiently converted through the recovery unit.

[0081] Step S201, Waste heat recovery from hydrogen energy data center, the specific steps are as follows: In the layout of a cigarette factory industrial park, a hydrogen energy data center is a typical large-scale waste heat source. The cooling waste heat generated during its operation can be regarded as waste heat source Z1, which is collected and converted through the hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery unit U1 and the data center chilled water waste heat recovery unit U2.

[0082] The hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery unit U1 addresses the waste heat generated during the power generation process of the hydrogen fuel cell by using a heat exchange unit (high-efficiency heat exchange device) to recover the heat released during the cooling process and inject it into the waste heat bus B. The data center chilled water waste heat recovery unit U2 captures the temperature difference during the operation of the chiller unit, recovers the waste heat using a heat exchange unit (plate heat exchanger), and injects it into the waste heat bus B.

[0083] The energy balance relationship between the two types of recovery units mentioned above can be expressed as: in, This indicates the total waste heat generated by the hydrogen-powered data center. and These represent the waste heat recovered by the hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery unit U1 and the data center chilled water waste heat recovery unit U2, respectively. and The waste heat is transported to the heat storage unit S via the waste heat busbar B, and the transport process satisfies the following: in, This indicates the heat loss during heat transfer and heat exchange.

[0084] This process enables the centralized collection of high-density waste heat during the operation of the data center, providing a stable and adjustable energy supply for the internal heat-consuming parts of the cigarette factory.

[0085] Step S202, Waste heat recovery in cigarette factories, the specific steps are as follows: Besides data centers, the production processes and power systems of cigarette factories also generate a significant amount of waste heat, constituting a major source of low-grade energy and considered a waste heat source (i.e., waste heat from the cigarette factory production environment) Z2. (Cigarette factory waste heat) Including residual heat on the coil side Residual heat from the silk-making side Waste heat from air source heat pumps Waste heat from chilled water in cigarette factories and waste heat from air compressor The waste heat from the cigarette factory is collected and converted by multiple types of waste heat recovery units: Residual heat on the roll side The waste heat from the high-temperature exhaust gas in the packaging workshop is recovered through the U3 waste heat recovery unit on the packaging side, which also recovers waste heat from the yarn processing side. Waste heat from the tobacco drying, stem drying, and expansion drying processes is captured by the waste heat recovery unit U4 on the tobacco-making side. When the waste heat is insufficient, a four-pipe air-cooled spiral heat pump unit provides compensation. Waste heat is also recovered by the air source heat pump waste heat recovery unit U5, the cigarette factory chilled water waste heat recovery unit U6, and the air compressor waste heat recovery unit U7. Air source heat pump waste heat Waste heat from the cigarette factory's chilled water is collected by the air source heat pump waste heat recovery unit U5. and waste heat from air compressor The waste heat is recovered by the cigarette factory chilled water waste heat recovery unit U6 and the air compressor waste heat recovery unit U7, respectively.

[0086] The energy distribution relationship of the above waste heat recovery units satisfies: ; The total waste heat recovery amount is obtained by summing the following formula: in, The total waste heat recovery is used as the input to the thermal storage unit S.

[0087] Through the implementation of step S2, the waste heat collection and recovery system of the cigarette factory and its supporting facilities has formed a closed-loop model of "multi-source waste heat - classified recovery - busbar integration - unified transmission". Waste heat from the hydrogen energy data center and waste heat from cigarettes are collected through different recovery units and centrally coupled on the waste heat busbar; waste heat from the air compressor and chilled water of the power system is deeply utilized and dynamically compensated through heat pump devices. Finally, all waste heat is converged into a unified input through the busbar and injected into the heat storage unit S, providing a continuous, stable and controllable heat energy source for subsequent energy storage and distribution.

[0088] Meanwhile, each waste heat recovery unit Status information (temperature difference, flow rate, energy efficiency coefficient) forms a waste heat recovery information flow. The data is transmitted to the intelligent scheduling module via the data acquisition system. The intelligent scheduling module then processes the real-time waste heat source information. The start-up, shutdown, and load distribution of the recovery unit are dynamically adjusted to optimize the overall energy efficiency and stability of the waste heat busbar B.

[0089] Step S3 includes: Step S301, Design and Layout of Solar Thermal System In the cigarette factory's regional energy system, solar thermal collectors are deployed as auxiliary, renewable heating units. These collectors can be precisely selected and rationally laid out based on the factory's geographical location, irradiance levels, and process requirements. Selecting the type of solar collector: Vacuum tube or CPC / U-tube solar collectors are preferred to meet the needs of cigarette factories for medium- and low-temperature hot water (45–85℃). Vacuum tube solar collectors offer high cost-effectiveness and are suitable for conventional heating processes; CPC / U-tube solar collectors are more efficient in low irradiance or low-temperature winter environments.

[0090] Installation and Integration Solution: The solar collectors can be integrated with factory rooftops, carports, and facades to achieve "photovoltaic + solar thermal" integration. While providing heating, a certain proportion of electricity is also output, thereby expanding the overall utilization rate of solar energy.

[0091] Solar thermal energy collected by the collector As a source of heat for solar thermal systems The calculation can be expressed as: in, For collector efficiency, For the heat collection area, Solar irradiance intensity. Solar thermal energy. After being converted by the phase change hot water storage tank P1, it is injected into the heat storage unit S for storage, serving as an important supplementary input for the hot end load.

[0092] Through the above measures, the solar thermal system can not only achieve stable access to renewable energy, but also provide green and low-carbon operation support for the cigarette factory's energy system.

[0093] Step S302: Design of Phase Change Hot Water Storage Tank and Coupling Control Mechanism The selection of PCM (phase change thermal storage material) for the phase change hot water storage tank is as follows: For high-temperature heat-consuming processes in cigarette factories (such as tobacco processing and drying), inorganic hydrated salt PCM with a melting point of 75–85℃ is selected, which has a high heat storage density and can match the process hot water requirements; for medium- and low-temperature heat-consuming processes in data centers and cigarette factories, organic fatty acid PCM with a melting point of 45–55℃ is selected to ensure stable medium-temperature heating capacity. The phase change hot water storage tank adopts a multi-tube bundle encapsulation structure to increase the heat exchange area and solve the problem of insufficient thermal conductivity of PCM, thereby improving the heat storage and release rates.

[0094] The coupling control mechanism of the phase change hot water tank is designed such that the phase change hot water tank is functionally divided according to temperature stratification. The upper high-temperature zone directly supplies the high-temperature heat-using end of the cigarette factory, the middle medium-temperature zone exchanges energy with the hydrogen energy data center and the medium-low temperature heat-using end in the cigarette factory, and the lower low-temperature zone is connected to the solar collector to realize the cascade utilization of thermal energy.

[0095] Its energy conservation relationship can be simplified as follows: in, For the heat input of the solar thermal collector system, As supplementary input from the waste heat system, For heat storage unit losses, This refers to the effective energy that the thermal storage unit can ultimately supply.

[0096] Step S303: Establish a compensation mechanism for waste heat and solar energy, thereby enabling the switching between pure solar energy, hybrid energy supply, and pure waste heat compensation modes under different operating conditions. The specific method is as follows: The intelligent coupling mechanism between the solar thermal collector system and the waste heat system involves switching modes via a three-way valve and an intelligent controller: Pure solar mode: During days with high irradiance, heating is directly provided by the solar collector and the hot water storage tank; Solar + waste heat supplementary mode: On cloudy days or in the early morning or evening when irradiance is low, heating is provided by the solar collector system, with the waste heat system compensating for any shortfall; Pure waste heat mode: At night or during continuous cloudy / rainy weather, the waste heat system provides full energy. An overheat protection mechanism is also included: when the temperature of the phase change hot water storage tank exceeds the 95℃ safety threshold, the system automatically switches to the cooling tower circuit or heat dissipation fins to prevent excessive pressure.

[0097] Through the implementation of step S3, the cigarette factory's energy system achieves deep coupling of solar energy and waste heat, constructing a clean energy heating chain of "solar thermal collection—phase change energy storage—intelligent control". The solar thermal collection system not only provides energy independently when energy is sufficient, but also effectively supplements when waste heat is insufficient; the phase change hot water storage tank ensures the continuity and rapid response capability of heat storage / loading / release. The collector, detection unit, and phase change hot water storage tank together constitute the solar thermal collection system P, and its operating status (irradiance intensity, fluid temperature difference, and heat storage layer temperature) forms a solar thermal information flow. This information flow is uploaded in real time to the intelligent scheduling module via the communication module to form a comprehensive information flow. This is used to determine the efficiency of solar heating and mode switching. The interaction logic between energy flow and information flow in this process can be described as follows: , This indicates the energy output from the solar thermal collector system. This represents the information flow from the solar thermal collector system.

[0098] Step S4 includes: Step S401, Thermal Storage Distribution Thermal energy distribution is achieved based on a thermal energy storage system, which consists of centralized thermal energy storage units and distributed buffer thermal energy storage units. Centralized thermal storage units, acting as the system's "heat bank," are typically large PCM phase change water storage tanks. Their main function is to balance the difference between energy input and heat demand, ensuring a 24 / 7 heat supply through centralized energy storage and regulating energy during supply-demand mismatches. Their input heat... for: in, For hydrogen energy data centers or waste heat from cigarette factories, Solar thermal energy, This is due to storage and transmission losses.

[0099] Distributed on-demand thermal storage is implemented based on distributed buffer thermal storage units. These units are located at the inlet of the recovery units for waste heat from the cigarette packaging side, the tobacco processing side, the air source heat pump, the chilled water in the cigarette factory, and the air compressor, and employ a small vertical water tank structure. Their main functions are: pressure and flow stabilization: avoiding pressure fluctuations in the main pipeline caused by the start-up and shutdown of production equipment; rapid response: meeting the instantaneous high-load demands of the production process and reducing transmission delays; and energy consumption metering: serving as zoned metering points for independent statistical analysis and assessment of workshop energy consumption.

[0100] By combining centralized and distributed thermal storage units, the cigarette factory's energy system possesses a dual-level regulation capability of "centralized-distributed" regulation, ensuring both overall energy balance and meeting local rapid response needs.

[0101] The operating status of the thermal storage system (stored energy, inlet and outlet water temperatures, flow rate, etc.) constitutes the information flow of the thermal storage unit. The data is transmitted to the intelligent scheduling module in real time.

[0102] Step S402: Determining thermal storage capacity and energy management.

[0103] To ensure that the thermal storage system can meet the dynamic load demand of the cigarette factory throughout the year, this sub-step introduces a method for calculating thermal storage capacity and managing energy based on spatiotemporal distribution.

[0104] The thermal storage capacity is calculated based on the hourly load curve and the hourly energy supply curve of solar / waste heat in a typical year. Its total capacity is determined by the maximum deficit value in the annual cumulative heat surplus / deficit curve (the maximum negative deviation of the cumulative heat supply and demand difference curve): in, This indicates the use of solar energy and waste heat for heating. Indicates the duration of heating. This indicates the heat load required for each process step at different times. Indicates the duration of the load.

[0105] Based on the energy distribution model, a "centralized-distributed" multi-scale energy management system for cigarette factories is constructed, specifically: (1) Peak shaving and valley filling mode refers to charging energy when waste heat and solar energy are in surplus and releasing energy when the load is at its peak; (2) Short-term fluctuation regulation mode refers to quickly compensating for instantaneous fluctuations at the heat-consuming end through distributed buffer heat storage units; (3) Backup mode refers to the system reserving interfaces to connect with municipal steam or gas boilers to cope with extreme weather or sudden load surges; modular design facilitates future expansion.

[0106] Through this mechanism, the cigarette factory's thermal storage system not only achieves a balance between supply and demand, but also possesses dynamic response and emergency response capabilities, thereby significantly improving the stability and flexibility of the energy system.

[0107] Through the implementation of step S4, the cigarette factory's energy system has established a multi-level energy management model of "waste heat - solar energy input - central thermal storage - distributed buffer". Waste heat bus B collects... and solar thermal energy Unified conversion into energy storage input The system achieves rapid response through centralized regulation by the central thermal storage unit and in conjunction with distributed buffer units.

[0108] Step S5 is implemented based on the intelligent scheduling module. As the core hub of the cigarette factory's integrated energy system, the intelligent scheduling module achieves global perception and closed-loop control of the system by uniformly collecting, modeling, and optimizing the energy flow (E) and information flow (I) of multiple energy flow links, including the cigarette packaging side, the tobacco processing side, solar heating, and thermal storage units. This module is closely integrated with steps S1 to S4, constructing an integrated intelligent energy management and control system encompassing "waste heat—solar energy—thermal storage—heat consumption—scheduling." The specific steps of step S5 include: Step S501: Information Flow and Energy Flow Modeling To achieve global coordination and data-driven control of the system, the intelligent scheduling module first establishes an energy flow and information flow model for the cigarette factory's integrated energy system.

[0109] The definition of energy flow specifically includes: Energy output from the i-th power supply unit of the waste heat system and energy output from solar thermal systems The input is aggregated and sent to the thermal storage unit S, and the energy output of the i-th power supply unit of the thermal storage unit S is... The energy is distributed to each heat-using unit through the energy distribution process. Their combined output forms an energy flow. .

[0110] The information flow definition specifically includes: Various types of information are transmitted to the central control system to form a comprehensive information flow. ;in, For waste heat source information flow, For waste heat recovery information flow, For solar thermal information flow, For the information flow of the thermal storage unit, For the information flow of the heat-using unit, Including temperature ,flow ,power and energy efficiency coefficient .

[0111] Waste heat source Z and recovery unit U constitute the energy harvesting layer of the integrated energy system, used to generate energy flow. And upload information stream The solar thermal collector unit P achieves this through flow monitoring and intelligent valve control. and Two-way interaction; the thermal storage unit S, as the energy center, feeds back its heat charging and discharging status to the system. With energy storage level; using thermal units Generate real-time load signals .

[0112] The overall information and energy interaction relationship can be represented as: Among them, information flow As the system's "neural network," it drives the dynamic allocation and regulation of energy flow.

[0113] Step S502: Optimize scheduling and execution control.

[0114] Based on the energy flow and information flow model, the intelligent scheduling module achieves dynamic optimal operation of the system through a closed-loop control mechanism of prediction-optimization-execution-feedback; the specific method is as follows: The forecasting layer uses historical operational data, production plans, and meteorological information to generate load forecast curves for the next 24 hours using an LSTM network. Forming a predictive information flow .

[0115] The optimization layer establishes a mechanism model of the cigarette factory's energy system, using the minimization of energy consumption, the maximization of waste heat utilization, and the optimization of system stability as objective functions to optimize the system's operating state. in, F Represents the objective function value. This represents energy consumption (which needs to be minimized). This indicates the utilization of waste heat (which needs to be maximized). Indicates system fluctuations (which need to be minimized); These represent the coefficients of the energy consumption term, waste heat utilization term, and system fluctuation term, respectively.

[0116] During the optimization process, the control variable is the valve opening degree. Pump speed With heat exchange temperature setting Optimize calculations to generate control instruction sets. .

[0117] The execution and feedback layer issues scheduling commands based on the control instruction set to each recovery unit U, solar thermal system P, thermal storage unit S, and heat-consuming terminal L, adjusting the energy flow distribution in real time. Each unit returns operational feedback. LSTM networks reduce prediction bias by minimizing the loss function (such as mean squared error, MSE) and continuously updating weights using the backpropagation algorithm (BPTT), thereby achieving a closed-loop optimization of "information-driven - energy response - dynamic correction".

[0118] The entire control process can be described by the following information flow and energy flow equations: ; ; ; in, This represents the overall information flow of the system at time t. This represents the system's control command set at time t. Represents the global optimization function. This represents the predicted information flow of the system at time t. and Let represent the energy flow of the system at times t and t+1, respectively. Represents the system state transition function. express, This indicates the optimal load supply.

[0119] Through this mechanism, the system prioritizes the charging of the thermal storage unit when there is surplus heat, and coordinates the joint energy release of the waste heat recovery unit and the solar thermal collection system when there is insufficient heat. Under load fluctuation conditions, the energy flow is automatically balanced and the information flow is adaptively optimized, so as to achieve efficient, stable and intelligent operation of the cigarette factory's energy system.

Claims

1. An energy management method for a cigarette factory integrated energy system coupled with waste heat from a hydrogen energy data center, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the cigarette factory uses heat end division and energy distribution modeling. The heat end division of the cigarette factory specifically includes the identification of the cigarette factory's production process and the division of heat end. The energy distribution modeling specifically establishes the energy balance relationship between the energy supply unit and the heat-using unit based on the heat end division results, and obtains the energy distribution model. The energy supply unit delivers energy to the heat-using unit according to the energy distribution model. S2, Waste heat collection and recovery, specifically includes identifying and classifying the waste heat generated by the waste heat system consisting of the hydrogen energy data center and the cigarette factory, and realizing the efficient conversion of waste heat through the heat exchange and heat pump units inside the cigarette factory, and centrally transporting it to the heat storage unit via the waste heat bus. S3, solar energy collection, storage and combined utilization with waste heat, specifically includes the collection and storage of solar thermal energy through a solar thermal system consisting of a collector and a phase change hot water storage tank; and the establishment of a compensation mechanism between waste heat and solar energy, thereby enabling the switching between pure solar energy, hybrid energy supply and pure waste heat compensation modes under different operating conditions. S4, Thermal storage and distribution and energy management, wherein the thermal storage and distribution specifically includes centralized thermal storage of waste heat and solar energy, distributed on-demand thermal storage and thermal storage capacity determination, and the energy management specifically involves constructing a "centralized-distributed" multi-scale energy management system for the cigarette factory based on the energy distribution model to ensure the balance of thermal energy supply and demand and flexible system adjustment; S5, Intelligent Scheduling and Optimization Control, specifically involves: collecting the energy flows from steps S1-S4 and converting them into information flows. These information flows integrate waste heat, solar energy, and thermal storage unit operation data. Through a closed-loop control mechanism of prediction-optimization-execution-feedback, dynamic coordination and global optimization scheduling of multiple energy sources are achieved.

2. The energy management method for a cigarette factory integrated energy system coupling waste heat from a hydrogen energy data center according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes the following steps: Step S101, Classification of heating end in cigarette factory; First, the production process of cigarette factory is sorted out, the key process links that need to continuously consume high temperature heat energy are identified, and they are classified as high temperature heat end, resulting in heating end on the packaging side, heating end in the packaging washing room, heating end on the tobacco processing side, heating end in the office building, and heating end in the auxiliary workshop. The hot end for the packaging side includes a cigarette dryer, a filter rod forming machine, and a hot melt adhesive system for the packaging machine. The heating element for the roll-up washing room includes a hot water demand system for the roll-up washing room and a heat retention system for the scented drum. The hot end for the filament-making side includes a filament drying machine, a stem filament drying machine, an expansion dryer, and a stem roasting machine; The office building's heating components include the building's air conditioning system and domestic hot water system. The auxiliary workshop heating end includes auxiliary workshop heating demand equipment and systems that are directly connected to high-temperature pipelines; Step S102, energy distribution modeling; the specific method is as follows: Establish each heat-using unit With hot water storage tank The energy balance relationship between them yields an energy distribution model; specifically expressed as: in, For the i-th hot water storage tank The energy supplied This refers to the energy loss that occurs during the heat transfer and heat exchange process between the heat-consuming end and the hot water storage tank. To ultimately reach the heat-using unit Effective heat load.

3. The energy management method for a cigarette factory integrated energy system coupling hydrogen energy data center waste heat according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S2 includes the following steps: Step S201, Waste heat recovery from hydrogen energy data center; In the layout of the cigarette factory park, the waste heat generated by the hydrogen energy data center during operation is the waste heat source Z1, which is collected and converted through hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery unit U1 and data center chilled water waste heat recovery unit U2. The hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery unit U1 uses a heat exchange unit to recover the heat released during the power generation process of the hydrogen fuel cell and inject it into the waste heat bus. The data center chilled water waste heat recovery unit U2 captures the temperature difference during the operation of the chiller unit and uses a heat exchange unit to recover waste heat and inject it into the waste heat bus. The energy balance relationship between the hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery unit U1 and the data center chilled water waste heat recovery unit U2 is expressed as follows: ； in, This indicates the total waste heat generated by the hydrogen-powered data center. and These represent the waste heat recovered by the hydrogen fuel cell waste heat recovery unit U1 and the data center chilled water waste heat recovery unit U2, respectively. and The waste heat is transported to the heat storage unit S via the waste heat busbar, and the transport process satisfies the following: ； in, This indicates heat loss during heat transfer and heat exchange. Step S202: Waste heat recovery from the cigarette factory; The waste heat generated by the cigarette factory is the waste heat source Z2. Including residual heat on the coil side Residual heat from the silk-making side Waste heat from air source heat pumps Waste heat from chilled water in cigarette factories and waste heat from air compressor The waste heat is recovered by the waste heat recovery unit U3 on the packaging side, the waste heat recovery unit U4 on the tobacco processing side, the waste heat recovery unit U5 of the air source heat pump, the waste heat recovery unit U6 of the cigarette factory chilled water, and the waste heat recovery unit U7 of the air compressor, respectively; waste heat on the packaging side This includes waste heat from high-temperature exhaust in the packaging workshop and waste heat from the yarn-making side. This includes the waste heat from the drying processes of wires, stems, and expansion drying; all waste heat is transported to the heat storage unit S via the waste heat busbar. The above-mentioned types of waste heat satisfy: ； The total waste heat recovery amount is obtained by the following formula. : 。 4. The energy management method for a cigarette factory integrated energy system coupling hydrogen energy data center waste heat according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S3 includes the following steps: Step S301, Design and layout of the solar thermal system; In the energy system of the cigarette factory area, the solar thermal system is arranged as an auxiliary, renewable heating unit; Solar thermal energy collected by the collector Represented as: ； in, For collector efficiency, For the heat collection area, Solar irradiance; solar thermal energy After being converted by the phase change hot water storage tank P1, it is injected into the heat storage unit S for storage; Step S302, Design of phase change hot water storage tank and coupling control mechanism; The design method of the phase change heat storage material PCM in the phase change heat storage tank is as follows: for the high-temperature heat-using end of the cigarette factory, an inorganic hydrated salt PCM with a melting point of 75-85℃ is selected; for the medium and low temperature heat-using end of the hydrogen energy data center and the cigarette factory, an organic fatty acid PCM with a melting point of 45-55℃ is selected; the phase change heat storage tank adopts a multi-tube bundle encapsulation structure. The coupling control mechanism of the phase change hot water tank is designed such that the phase change hot water tank is functionally divided according to temperature stratification. The upper high-temperature zone directly supplies the high-temperature heat-using end of the cigarette factory, the middle medium-temperature zone exchanges energy with the hydrogen energy data center and the medium-low temperature heat-using end in the cigarette factory, and the lower low-temperature zone is connected to the solar collector to realize the cascade utilization of thermal energy. Its energy conservation relationship is expressed as: ； in, For the heat input of the solar thermal collector system, As supplementary input from the waste heat system, For heat storage unit losses, The effective energy that the thermal storage unit can ultimately supply; Step S303: Establish a compensation mechanism for waste heat and solar energy, thereby enabling the switching between pure solar energy, hybrid energy supply, and pure waste heat compensation modes under different operating conditions. The specific method is as follows: Pure solar mode: When the daytime radiation intensity is high, the solar thermal system provides direct heating; Solar + waste heat supplementation mode: On cloudy days or when the radiation is low in the morning and evening, the solar thermal system provides heating, and the waste heat system compensates for the insufficient part; Pure waste heat mode: At night or during continuous cloudy and rainy weather, the waste heat system provides full energy.

5. The energy management method for a cigarette factory integrated energy system coupling hydrogen energy data center waste heat according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S4 The thermal storage distribution is implemented based on a thermal storage system; the thermal storage system consists of centralized thermal storage units and distributed buffer thermal storage units. The centralized thermal storage unit is a phase change hot water storage tank, which receives heat input. Represented as: ； in, For hydrogen energy data centers or waste heat from cigarette factories, Solar thermal energy, For storage and transmission losses; Distributed on-demand thermal storage is implemented based on distributed buffer thermal storage units, which are arranged at the inlet of the recovery units for waste heat from the cigarette packaging side, waste heat from the tobacco processing side, waste heat from the air source heat pump, waste heat from the chilled water in the cigarette factory, and waste heat from the air compressor. The thermal storage capacity The calculation formula is as follows: ； in, This indicates the use of solar energy and waste heat for heating. Indicates the duration of heating. This indicates the heat load required for each process step at different times. Indicates the duration of the load; The construction of a "centralized-distributed" multi-scale energy management system for cigarette factories based on the energy distribution model is as follows: (1) Peak shaving and valley filling mode refers to charging energy when waste heat and solar energy are in surplus and releasing energy when the load is at its peak; (2) Short-term fluctuation regulation mode refers to quickly compensating for instantaneous fluctuations at the heat-consuming end through distributed buffer heat storage units; (3) Backup mode refers to the system reserving an interface to connect with municipal steam or gas boilers to cope with extreme weather or sudden load surges.

6. The energy management method for a cigarette factory integrated energy system coupling hydrogen energy data center waste heat according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S5 includes the following steps: Step S501: Establish a system energy flow and information flow model, and collect the energy flows from steps S1-S4 and convert them into information flows; The definition of energy flow specifically includes: Energy output from the i-th power supply unit of the waste heat system and energy output from solar thermal systems The input is aggregated and sent to the thermal storage unit S, and the energy output of the i-th power supply unit of the thermal storage unit S is... The energy is distributed to each heat-using unit through the energy distribution process. Their combined output forms an energy flow. ; The information flow definition specifically includes: Various types of information are transmitted to the central control system via information flow bus A to form a comprehensive information flow. ;in, For waste heat source information flow, For waste heat recovery information flow, For solar thermal information flow, For the information flow of the thermal storage unit, For the information flow of the heat-using unit, Including temperature ,flow ,power and energy efficiency coefficient ; Waste heat source Z and recovery unit U constitute the energy harvesting layer of the integrated energy system, used to generate energy flow. And upload information stream The solar thermal collector unit P achieves this through flow monitoring and intelligent valve control. and Two-way interaction; the thermal storage unit S, as the energy center, feeds back its heat charging and discharging status to the system. With energy storage level; using thermal units Generate real-time load signals ; The overall information and energy interaction relationship is represented as follows: Step S502: Optimize scheduling and execution control; Based on the energy flow and information flow model, a closed-loop control mechanism of prediction-optimization-execution-feedback is used to achieve the dynamic optimal operation of the system; the specific method is as follows: First, based on historical operational data, production plans, and meteorological information, an LSTM network is used to generate a load forecast curve for the next 24 hours. Forming a predictive information flow ; Then, with the objective functions of minimizing energy consumption, maximizing waste heat utilization, and optimizing system stability, the system operating state is optimized: in, F Represents the objective function value. Indicates energy consumption. Indicates waste heat utilization, Indicates system fluctuations. These represent the coefficients of the energy consumption term, waste heat utilization term, and system fluctuation term, respectively. During the optimization process, the control variable is the valve opening degree. Pump speed With heat exchange temperature setting Simultaneously generate control instruction sets ; Finally, based on the control instruction set, scheduling instructions are sent to each recovery unit U, solar thermal collector system P, thermal storage unit S, and heat consumption terminal L to adjust the energy flow distribution in real time; each unit returns operational feedback. The LSTM network reduces prediction bias by minimizing the loss function and continuously updating the weights using the backpropagation algorithm, thereby achieving a closed-loop optimization of "information-driven - energy response - dynamic correction". The entire control process is described by the following information flow and energy flow equations: ； ； ； in, This represents the overall information flow of the system at time t. This represents the system's control command set at time t. Represents the global optimization function. This represents the predicted information flow of the system at time t. and Let represent the energy flow of the system at times t and t+1, respectively. Represents the system state transition function. express, This indicates the optimal load supply.

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