Earthwork intelligent allocation method considering multi-materiality and multi-bid coordination

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of considering the earthwork intelligent deployment method of multiple material and multiple bid section cooperation, comprising: S1, obtaining engineering basic data;S2, according to trunk road network data and site barycenter data in construction site division information, generate full field transport distance matrix;S3, the excavation area is divided into different constraint control type;S4, to the filling section and excavation area that exist internal affiliation, execute section internal deployment;S5, based on full field transport distance matrix and the full field resource state after internal deployment, introduce multiple decision variables such as cross-section deployment variable, responsibility abandoned variable and associated material unloading point assignment variable, and construct mixed integer linear programming model;S6, solve mixed integer linear programming model, determine optimal earthwork deployment scheme;The application can not only realize the collaborative optimization of rigid instruction and full field deployment, but also can clearly define the management rights and responsibilities of each contractor, improve the operability of earthwork deployment scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of earthwork allocation technology, and more specifically to an intelligent earthwork allocation method that takes into account the characteristics of multiple materials and the coordination of multiple sections. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of large-scale infrastructure projects such as airports, rockfill dams, and highways, earthwork is a fundamental component, accounting for a significant proportion of the total project investment and construction period. Therefore, developing a scientific, economical, and feasible earthwork allocation plan is of paramount importance for reducing engineering transportation costs, shortening construction cycles, and achieving efficient resource utilization.

[0003] These large-scale infrastructure projects typically involve massive earthwork and tight schedules. Owners or general contractors generally adopt a management model that divides the site into multiple sections and allows multiple contractors to work in parallel. While this model improves construction efficiency, it also increases the management complexity of coordinating multiple sections. Existing research on earthwork allocation optimization often focuses solely on minimizing transportation costs, relying mainly on mathematical programming methods such as linear programming and integer programming to construct allocation models, but neglecting the management complexities arising from parallel construction of multiple sections.

[0004] Furthermore, in actual engineering projects, the lithology of excavation sources is complex, and the filling sections have strict lithological compatibility requirements for the fill materials. This means that earthwork allocation is no longer a simple problem of balancing excavation and filling volumes, but has evolved into a complex multi-material allocation problem that considers the matching of excavation source lithology with filling material requirements. Although some studies have introduced material property constraints for mathematical programming, such studies still have significant limitations and have not fully considered the characteristics of the lithological output from the excavation sources.

[0005] Therefore, existing earthwork allocation models still have the following significant technical problems in practical applications: (1) The treatment of excavation source lithological output is too rigid. Existing models treat excavation source lithological output in two extreme ways: either simplifying it as an ideal material source that can be freely extracted as needed, resulting in an overly idealized and impractical allocation scheme; or treating it as a homogeneous whole and forcibly setting a fixed output ratio. However, in actual construction, for areas with detailed geological exploration data (such as borehole data), the construction party can dynamically adjust the lithological output ratio within a certain range by adjusting the excavation face. Models that fix the excavation source lithological output ratio lack this flexible constraint mechanism, resulting in the calculated allocation scheme often being too rigid, leading to unnecessary waste or material borrowing, and failing to maximize the engineering value of geological data.

[0006] (2) Lack of cross-section allocation and coordination mechanism. In scenarios with complex allocation of multiple materials, due to the objective limitation of the proportion of lithology produced from the excavation source, each section will inevitably produce excess materials that are not needed by the current section due to "material symbiosis" when mining the required materials. Since the existing model lacks a cross-section allocation and coordination mechanism, the excess materials cannot be directly transferred to nearby sections with demand, and can only be transported to transfer yards or spoil heaps for temporary storage, which significantly increases the cost of secondary transportation.

[0007] (3) The problem of handling by-products caused by rigid directives. In actual projects, project managers often need to pre-set rigid directives based on schedule, safety or special process requirements (e.g., a specific volume of stone must be transported from point A to the aggregate processing plant). When contractors execute rigid directives, they will be forced to generate excess by-products. The existing model lacks a by-product handling mechanism, which can easily lead to chaotic on-site stockpiling and secondary handling, thereby increasing the management risk for the owner or general contractor. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an intelligent earthwork allocation method that considers multiple material characteristics and multi-section coordination. This method not only enables the coordinated optimization of rigid instructions and overall site allocation, but also clarifies the management responsibilities of each contractor, thereby improving the operability of the earthwork allocation plan.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for intelligent allocation of earthwork considering multiple material properties and multi-section coordination includes the following steps: S1. Obtain basic engineering data; the basic engineering data includes: construction site division information, excavation area engineering quantity and material type, filling section required engineering quantity and type, material type and filling requirement matching matrix, filling-excavation ratio coefficient, transportation unit price, rigid instructions and main road network data. S2. Based on the main road network data and the site centroid data in the construction site division information, obtain the transportation distance from each excavation area to each filling section and special site, and generate a full site transportation distance matrix. S3. Based on the geological survey data and the remaining amount of work that can be adjusted externally for each excavation area, each excavation area is divided into different constraint control types; among which, the constraint control types include: elastic constraint control type, rigid constraint control type, and relaxed constraint control type; S4. Based on different constraint control types, perform internal allocation within the filling section and excavation area that have internal affiliation relationships; and convert the remaining materials in the excavation sub-areas cut from the excavation area after satisfying the internal allocation into virtual material sources of the relaxed constraint control type. S5. Based on the overall transportation distance matrix and the overall resource status after internal allocation, a mixed integer linear programming model is constructed by introducing multiple decision variables. S6. With minimizing the total cost of earthwork allocation across the entire site as the optimization objective, solve the mixed integer linear programming model to determine the optimal earthwork allocation scheme.

[0010] Furthermore, the criteria for classifying different constraint control types in S3 are as follows: If the excavation area has borehole data, the remaining amount of work can be adjusted externally if it exceeds the preset threshold, and it will be marked as an elastic constraint control type. If there is no borehole data in the excavation area, the remaining amount of work can be adjusted externally. If the amount of work exceeds the preset threshold, it will be marked as a rigid constraint control type. If the remaining adjustable amount of work in the excavation area is lower than the preset threshold, it is marked as a relaxed constraint control type.

[0011] Furthermore, for the excavation area of ​​the aforementioned elastic constraint control type, the material output ratio is allowed to fluctuate flexibly based on the benchmark ratio; For the excavation zone of the rigid constraint control type, its material output ratio is forced to be strictly equal to the benchmark ratio. For the excavation zone of the relaxed constraint control type, no material type ratio constraint is applied.

[0012] Furthermore, in S4, the process of internal allocation within the bidding section specifically includes: S41. For rigid instructions in the current excavation area, pre-deduct the specific material volume required by the instruction from the available reserves in the current excavation area; S42. For excavation areas with relaxed constraint control, direct allocation to internal filling sections is carried out until the reserves are exhausted or the filling demand is met. S43. For excavation areas with elastic or rigid constraint control, the theoretical transport volume required to meet each filling requirement is calculated based on the various filling requirements within the filling section and the proportion of material types in the excavation area. The maximum value is selected as the total transport volume for internal allocation, and an excavation sub-area for internal allocation is cut out from the excavation area. S44. Define the remaining material in the excavated sub-area after meeting the internal filling requirements as an independent virtual material source, mark the attribute of the independent virtual material source as a relaxed constraint control type, and let the independent virtual material source participate in subsequent optimization as a free material source; the remaining part of the excavated area after deducting the excavated sub-area retains its original control type unchanged.

[0013] Furthermore, in S5, the decision variables include: Excavation-fill self-use allocation variable, used to represent the contractor's j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibilityk Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Excavation-filling cross-section allocation variables, for contractors j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; The liability abandonment variable is used by the contractor. j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Excavation-aggregate processing and allocation variables, for contractors j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to aggregate processing plant s The amount of transportation volume; Debit variable, used by contractors j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Associated material blending variables, for contractors j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Assignment variables for associated material unloading points, used by contractors. j Was the assigned filling section a rigid instruction? t The discharge point for the generated byproducts.

[0014] Furthermore, in S5, the objective function of the mixed-integer linear programming model is the total cost of earthwork allocation across the entire site, expressed as:

[0015] in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors lThe first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to aggregate processing plant s The amount of transportation volume; Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates from the excavation area i To the contractor j The transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility; Indicates from the excavation area i to other contractors l The transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility; Indicates from the material borrowing yard b To the contractor j The transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility; Indicates from the excavation area i to the waste disposal site w The transportation distance; Indicates from the excavation area i to aggregate processing plant s The transportation distance; Indicates rigid command t The associated excavation area to the contractor j The transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility; Indicates the first m Unit transportation price for this type of material; This represents the unit management coordination coefficient for cross-section allocation; Indicates the first m The waste penalty coefficient for different types of materials is a dimensionless constant used to suppress waste behavior of high-value materials through differentiated weighting. This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; This indicates the total number of aggregate processing plants; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control type.

[0016] Furthermore, in S5, the constraints of the mixed-integer linear programming model include: Excavation balance constraints are used to ensure that the total excavation volume of each type of material in each excavation zone is equal to the total volume transported to all its destinations. Filling demand balance constraint is used to ensure that the total amount of materials obtained by each filling zone from all sources, after conversion of fill-cut ratio, meets its design demand. The capacity constraint of the borrowing yard is used to limit the total amount of all types of materials transported out of each borrowing yard from its effective capacity. Waste disposal site capacity constraints are used to limit the total amount of all types of materials transported to each waste disposal site from exceeding its designed effective storage capacity. Material type matching constraints are used to prohibit the transportation of material types that do not meet design matching requirements to specific fill zones; The non-negativity constraint on the allocation volume is used to ensure that all decision variables representing the earthwork allocation flow in the model are non-negative, which conforms to physical reality. Material type proportion constraint is used to constrain the proportion of material types in the conventional earthwork flow transported to each filling section for all excavation areas with elastic and rigid constraint control types throughout the site. The associated material unloading point assignment constraint is used to control the flow direction of associated materials generated by rigid instructions, specifically: For any rigid instruction and its corresponding filling section, establish a constraint on the assignment of associated material unloading points. When the filling section is not assigned as an unloading point, the amount of associated material allocation is constrained to be zero; when the filling section is assigned as an unloading point, the amount of associated material allocation is allowed to be greater than zero.

[0017] Furthermore, the expression for the excavation balance constraint is: The expression for the excavation balance constraint is:

[0018] ; Among them, it indicates the contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to aggregate processing plant s The amount of transportation volume; Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; This indicates the total number of aggregate processing plants; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites; Indicates the excavation area i In m Total excavation volume of different types of materials; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control types; The expression for the filling demand balance constraint is:

[0019] ; in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates other contractors l Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to contractor j The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates the first m Type of material used for the first k The fill-cut ratio coefficient during filling zoning is used to convert natural volume into compacted volume; This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; Indicates contractor j In the filling section under my responsibility k Total filling demand for embankment-type areas; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control types; The expression for the capacity constraint of the borrowing yard is: ; in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibilityk Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; Indicates the material borrowing area b middle m Effective storage capacity of different types of materials; The expression for the capacity constraint of the waste disposal site is: ; in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites Indicates waste disposal site w The design effectively increases storage capacity; The expression for the non-negativity constraint of the allocation amount is:

[0020] ; in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to aggregate processing plant s The amount of transportation volume; Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; This indicates the total number of aggregate processing plants; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / Rigid instruction set of rigid constraint control type

[0021] Furthermore, the expression for the material type matching constraint is:

[0022] in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates other contractors l Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to contractor j The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible form Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control types; This indicates that the types of materials that do not meet the design requirements are mismatched with the filling needs.

[0023] Furthermore, the expression for the material type proportion constraint is:

[0024]

[0025] ; in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Indicates contractor j In the excavation area i In processingm The total amount of conventional earthwork for this type of material includes the amount allocated for use within this contract section, the amount transferred out from other contract sections, and the amount of material to be disposed of under responsibility. Indicates contractor j In the excavation area i During the operation, the total amount of conventional earthwork handled by it... m The proportion of different types of materials; Indicates the excavation area i middle m Geological exploration ratio of different types of materials; Indicates the floating factor; Indicates the type of flexible constraint control / A set of excavation zones controlled by rigid constraints; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites; The expression for the assignment constraint of the associated material unloading point is:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Was the assigned filling section a rigid instruction? t The discharge point for the generated byproducts; Big-M The parameter takes the value of a rigid command. t The total excavation volume of all materials in the associated excavation area; Indicates a rigid instruction t The upper limit of the number of associated material unloading points is dynamically determined based on the total amount of associated material. Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the total number of filling zones; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control type.

[0029] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention has the following technical effects compared to the prior art: This invention reads basic engineering data and generates a total transportation distance matrix. Based on the detail of the geological survey data and the scale of reserves, the excavation area is divided into three control types: elastic constraint, rigid constraint, and relaxed constraint. Following the principle of "on-site disposal and distance priority," for filling sections and excavation areas with internal affiliations, intra-section allocation is performed based on the differences in the control types of the excavation areas. Undisposed surplus materials are converted into virtual material sources under relaxed constraint control. Based on the overall resource status after internal allocation, decision variables such as cross-section allocation variables, responsible disposal variables, and associated material unloading point assignment variables are introduced to construct a mixed-integer linear programming model that includes material type proportion constraints and associated material unloading point assignment constraints. The model is solved with the objective of minimizing the total cost of the entire site to determine the optimal allocation scheme. This invention not only clarifies the management responsibilities of each contractor but also automatically decides the destination of associated materials, achieving synergistic optimization of rigid instructions and overall site allocation, and improving the operability of earthwork allocation schemes. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0031] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates an intelligent earthwork allocation method of the present invention that considers multiple material properties and multi-section coordination. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the intelligent earthwork allocation method considering multiple material properties and multi-section coordination in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the elastic constraint control type in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. / Schematic diagram of internal allocation within the excavation area of ​​the rigid constraint control type; Figure 3 This is a plan view of the field layout in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram of the earthwork allocation scheme generated by the free mining scheme in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram of the earthwork allocation scheme generated by the fixed material ratio scheme in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the earthwork allocation scheme generated by the subdivided excavation zone type scheme in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0033] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides an intelligent earthwork allocation method that considers multiple material properties and multi-section coordination, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain basic engineering data; the basic engineering data includes: construction site division information, excavation area engineering quantity and material type, filling section required engineering quantity and type, material type and filling requirement matching matrix, filling-excavation ratio coefficient, transportation unit price, rigid instructions and main road network data. This embodiment specifically involves: reading construction site division information (centroid coordinates of excavation area, filling section, and special sites), excavation area quantities and material types, filling section required quantities and types, material type and filling requirement matching matrix, cut-fill ratio coefficient, transportation unit price, rigid instructions, and main road network data. Special sites include material borrowing yards, spoil heaps, and aggregate processing plants. The cut-fill ratio coefficient is the ratio of the compacted volume of the material to its natural volume (e.g., ...). 1m 3 The volume of the compacted natural stone is 1.25m 3 Its cut-fill ratio coefficient is 1.25 Rigid directives are pre-set directives by project managers based on schedule, safety, or special process requirements (e.g., plans to start from the excavation area). 1 (Transporting a specific volume of stone to the aggregate processing plant).

[0035] S2. Based on the main road network data and the site centroid data in the construction site division information, calculate the transportation distance from each excavation area to each filling section and special site, and generate a total transportation distance matrix. This embodiment specifically involves: based on the main road network data and site centroid data, and using a three-segment superposition calculation logic of "access road from site centroid to road network access point + shortest path of main road network + access road from road network access point to site centroid", utilizing... Dijkstra The algorithm calculates the shortest path between nodes of the main road network and superimposes the distance between the two access roads to obtain the transportation distance from each excavation area to each filling section and special site, and generates a transportation distance matrix for the entire site.

[0036] S3. Based on the geological survey data and the remaining amount of work that can be adjusted externally for each excavation area, each excavation area is divided into different constraint control types; among which, the constraint control types include: elastic constraint control type, rigid constraint control type, and relaxed constraint control type; This embodiment specifically involves: excavation zone type identification. Based on the excavation zone's workload, the required workload of the filling section, and rigid directives, the remaining work volume that can be adjusted externally for each excavation zone is estimated. Combined with the level of detail in the geological survey data for each excavation zone, each excavation zone is classified into different control types, specifically including: a Type 1 (Elastic Constraint Control Type): This refers to excavation areas with detailed borehole data and a large remaining workload that can be adjusted externally. These excavation areas have clearly defined geological distributions, and during the allocation process, the actual material output ratio is allowed to fluctuate flexibly based on the benchmark ratio to simulate optimal mining achieved by adjusting the working face during construction.

[0037] a Category 2 (Rigid Constraint Control Type): This refers to excavation areas where detailed borehole data is unavailable, but the overall material proportion is known and a large remaining amount of work can be transferred out. The geological distribution details of these excavation areas are unclear, and they can be considered as a homogeneous whole. During the allocation process, the actual material output ratio is forced to strictly equal the benchmark ratio.

[0038] b Class (Relaxed Constraint Control Type): Refers to excavation areas where the remaining amount of work that can be adjusted externally is below a preset threshold. Due to their small size, these excavation areas are considered ideal material sources that can be freely mined. No material type ratio constraints are imposed during the allocation process, allowing for the flexible extraction of any type of material according to filling requirements.

[0039] S4. Based on different constraint control types, perform intra-section allocation for filling sections and excavation areas with internal affiliation relationships; and convert the remaining materials from the excavation sub-areas cut from the excavation area after satisfying the internal allocation into virtual material sources of the relaxed constraint control type, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0040] This embodiment specifically involves: internal allocation within a construction section. Following the principles of "local disposal and distance priority," allocation is made between filling sections and excavation areas that have internal ownership relationships. C The earthwork self-balancing allocation within the contract section will be implemented to prioritize short-distance filling needs and reduce cross-contract transportation; the specific process is as follows: S41, Rigid command preprocessing. For instructions involving the current excavation area. C The rigid command pre-deducts the specific material volume required by the command from the available reserves in the excavation area, and locks this part of the volume, which is not included in the subsequent internal self-balancing calculation, so as to ensure the priority satisfaction of the rigid command.

[0041] S42. Internal Allocation. Different allocation strategies are adopted based on the type of excavation area within the contract section. For example, if the excavation area within the contract section... C for b The type of allocation will be directly transferred to the internal filling sections until the excavation area's reserves are exhausted or the filling demand is met. If the excavation area within the section... C for a 1 or a Type 2. To maximize the satisfaction rate of various filling needs within the contract section, based on the various filling needs within the contract section and the proportion of material types in the excavation area, the theoretical transportation volume required to meet each need is calculated separately. The maximum value is selected as the total transportation volume for internal allocation, and based on this, the materials are transported from the original excavation area. C A sub-area for internal allocation was separated in the middle. C sub This sub-area will be used to prioritize the filling needs within the contract section.

[0042] S43. Generate virtual material sources. Define the remaining material in the excavated sub-area after meeting the internal filling requirements in step S42 as an independent virtual material source. VC and mark its attributes as b This class allows it to participate in optimization as a free material source in the global allocation of the subsequent step S5. Meanwhile, the original excavation area... C deduct C sub The remaining part (denoted as) C rem ), and retain its original excavation area type ( a Class 1 or a (Category 2) remains unchanged.

[0043] S5. Based on the overall transportation distance matrix and the overall resource status after internal allocation, a mixed-integer linear programming model is constructed by introducing multiple decision variables, such as cross-section allocation variables and responsibility-based waste disposal variables. The objective function of the mixed-integer linear programming model is to minimize the total cost of earthwork allocation across the entire site. In addition to conventional constraints such as excavation balance and filling demand balance, the objective function of the mixed-integer linear programming model characteristically introduces material type proportion constraints and associated material unloading point assignment constraints to address the challenges of associated material disposal under complex geological conditions. The multiple decision variables include: S51. Define decision variables. Using the results of internal allocation as known conditions, introduce multiple decision variables. The known conditions cover the remaining resources after internal allocation in S4 (including...). b The remaining part of the excavation area a 1 / a Remaining parts of the Class 2 excavation area C rem Virtual material source VCThe remaining demand for the filling section) and raw resources not involved in internal allocation (including other excavation areas, filling sections, borrow yards, spoil heaps, and aggregate processing plants within the entire site). Specific decision variables introduced include: Excavation-filling self-use allocation variables : indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i (Include b The remaining part of the excavation area a 1 / a Remaining parts of the Class 2 excavation area C rem Virtual material source VC (and other excavation areas) transported to the first section of the fill contract undertaken by the contractor. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone.

[0044] Excavation-filling cross-section allocation variables : indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone ( ).

[0045] Responsibility abandonment variable : indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of discarded volume.

[0046] Excavation-aggregate processing and allocation variables : indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to aggregate processing plant s The amount of transportation volume.

[0047] Debit variable : indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone.

[0048] Associated material adjustment variables : indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated mThe type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k The volume of materials transported in the filling zone. The associated materials are subject to rigid instructions. ( For receiving points that cannot receive non-target materials, and where the type of the feeding point is... a 1 / a Non-target type materials that are forced to be generated during the process of rigid instruction set of type 2.

[0049] Assignment variables for associated material unloading point : indicates contractor j Was the assigned filling section a rigid instruction? t The discharge point of the generated by-products, when The time indicates the contractor j The section of the filling project under my responsibility was assigned as the unloading point, when The time indicates the contractor j The section of the filling project under your responsibility will not be used as a discharge point.

[0050] S52. Construct the objective function. With the goal of minimizing the total cost of earthwork allocation across the entire site, construct the objective function. The total cost consists of six parts: transportation cost of excavated and filled materials for self-use, transportation cost of excavated and filled materials across different sections, transportation cost of borrowed materials, transportation cost of waste materials, transportation cost of aggregates, and transportation cost of associated materials.

[0051]

[0052] in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Indicates contractorj Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to aggregate processing plant s The amount of transportation volume; Indicates from the excavation area i To the contractor j Transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility ( km ); Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates from the excavation area i to other contractors l The transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility; Indicates from the material borrowing yard b To the contractor j Transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility ( km ); Indicates from the excavation area i to the waste disposal site w Transportation distance ( km ); Indicates from the excavation area i to aggregate processing plant s Transportation distance ( km ); Indicates rigid command t From the associated material supply point (corresponding to a certain excavation area) to the designated associated material unloading point (corresponding to the contractor) j The transportation distance of the section to be filled (under responsibility) km ); Indicates the first m Unit transportation price for this type of material, in ten thousand yuan / ( km ·Ten thousand m³ ); This indicates the unit management coordination coefficient for cross-section allocation (ten thousand yuan / ten thousand yuan). m³ ); Indicates the first m The waste penalty coefficient for different types of materials is a dimensionless constant used to suppress waste behavior of high-value materials through differentiated weighting. This indicates the total number of excavation zones, which includes... b The remaining part of the excavation area a 1 / a The remaining portion of the Class 2 excavation areas, virtual material sources, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; This indicates the total number of aggregate processing plants; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control type.

[0053] S53. Constructing Constraints. In addition to conventional constraints such as excavation balance constraints, filling demand balance constraints, spoil heap / borrowing yard capacity constraints, material type matching constraints, and non-negativity constraints on allocation, this embodiment also constructs the following material type proportion constraints and associated material unloading point assignment constraints to address the challenges of handling associated materials under complex geological conditions: (a) Excavation balance constraint: For each excavation zone i In m For a given type of material, the total excavation volume must equal the total volume of that material transported to all destinations, including self-use allocation within this contract section, cross-contract section allocation, aggregate processing and supply, associated material flow due to special instructions, and responsible disposal.

[0054]

[0055] ; (b) Fill demand balance constraint: for each contractor j In the filling section under my responsibility k For fill-type areas, the total amount of materials from all sources must meet the filling requirements of that area. All sources include: materials allocated for use within this contract section, materials transferred from other contract sections, materials borrowed from other material yards, and materials generated as a result of special instructions. Note that the fill-cut ratio coefficient must be used to convert natural volume to compacted volume.

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] (c) Borrowing yard capacity constraint: from the borrowing yard b Transported to various contractors j The section in charge of filling m The total volume of a type of material must not exceed its effective capacity.

[0059]

[0060] (d) Waste disposal site capacity constraints: For each waste disposal site w By each contractor jResponsible for sourcing from various excavation areas i The total amount of all types of materials transported to the spoil disposal site shall not exceed the design effective storage capacity of the spoil disposal site.

[0061]

[0062] (e) Material type matching constraint: For material types that do not meet design requirements, the matching constraint between them and the filling requirements. Restrictions on shipments from all sources to contractors j The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k The total amount of materials in the filling zone is zero. All sources include materials allocated for use within this section, materials transferred from other sections, materials borrowed from material yards, and materials generated by special instructions.

[0063]

[0064] (f) Non-negativity constraint of allocation: In order to conform to physical reality, all continuous decision variables representing earthwork allocation flow in the model are non-negative.

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] (g) Material type proportion constraint: applicable to all materials across the entire site. a Class 1 and a Type 2 excavation areas, binding on all contractors j In the excavation area i During the operation, the proportion of each type of material in the total amount of conventional earthwork handled is as follows: It is necessary to maintain the proportion of geological exploration. Within the allowable deviation. The contractor j Responsible for the excavation area i The total amount of conventional earthwork processed includes: the amount allocated for use within this contract section, the amount transferred out from other contract sections, and the amount of abandoned material due to responsibility. The allowable deviation range is determined by a floating factor. Limited, if the excavation area type is a 1 This indicates the percentage of actual allocation allowed. exist Based on this, flexible floating is implemented; if the excavation zone type is a 2 This indicates the proportion of mandatory actual allocation. Strictly equal to Furthermore, rigid directives and their associated materials are also subject to similar material type ratio constraints, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] ; (h) Constraints on the assignment of associated material unloading points: For materials that cannot be received as non-target materials and whose supply points are... a 1 / a Type 2 rigid instructions By building a large M The constraint controls the flow of by-products generated by the instruction. This constraint requires that by-products generated by the instruction be delivered only to the designated contractor. j The section of the filling project under my responsibility ( Furthermore, the total number of contractors assigned shall not exceed the upper limit determined dynamically by the total amount of associated materials. .

[0071]

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] S6. With minimizing the total cost of earthwork allocation across the entire site as the optimization objective, solve the mixed integer linear programming model to determine the optimal earthwork allocation scheme.

[0075] In this embodiment, a mathematical programming solver (such as...) is used. Gurobi , CBC Solve the above mixed-integer linear programming model to obtain the globally optimal allocation scheme.

[0076] In summary, the core technical solution of this invention includes: reading basic engineering data and generating a full-site transportation distance matrix; dividing the excavation area into three control types—elastic, rigid, and relaxed constraints—based on the level of detail and scale of geological survey data; adhering to the principle of "on-site disposal and distance priority," for filling sections and excavation areas with internal affiliation, implementing intra-section allocation based on the differences in excavation area control types, and converting undisposed surplus materials into virtual material sources of relaxed constraint control type; based on the overall resource status after internal allocation, introducing decision variables such as cross-section allocation variables, responsible disposal variables, and associated material unloading point assignment variables, and constructing a mixed-integer linear programming model; solving the model with the objective of minimizing the total cost of the entire site to determine the optimal allocation scheme. This invention not only clarifies the management responsibilities of each contractor but also automatically decides the destination of associated materials, achieving synergistic optimization of rigid instructions and overall site allocation, and improving the operability of earthwork allocation schemes.

[0077] Example 2 This embodiment takes the earthwork project of the flight area of ​​an airport expansion and renovation project in Southwest China as an example to further introduce the earthwork allocation method in Embodiment 1.

[0078] Specifically, the earthwork project site is located in a valley between mountains on the east and west sides. According to the project plan, the site can be divided into 18 filling sections and 20 excavation areas horizontally, with supporting facilities including an aggregate processing plant, a spoil disposal site, and a material borrowing site. Earthwork transportation between areas relies on the main roads planned within the site. The specific site layout is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the total earthwork excavation volume was approximately 195 million cubic meters. m 3 Natural embankment, according to the "Technical Specifications for High Embankment Engineering of Civil Airports" ( MH / T 5035—2017 According to the classification criteria, the excavated materials are divided into soil, soil-rock mixture, and stone. The total earthwork and rockfill volume is approximately 209 million cubic meters. m 3 According to design requirements, the compaction section can be divided into three types of filling zones: k=1 (Class I Filling Zone) corresponds to the upper part of the runway area and the slope impact zone, and only stone filling is accepted; k=2 (Class II Fill Zone) Corresponds to the lower part of the pavement area of ​​the flight zone, which can accept soil-rock mixture and stone materials; k=3 (Class III Fill Zone) corresponds to the airfield and work areas, and accepts both soil and soil-rock mixtures. Furthermore, during the implementation of this example, to meet the raw material reserve requirements for aggregate processing, the owner set two rigid directives: to transport 2.5 million cubic meters and 3 million cubic meters of stone from excavation areas C6 and C13 respectively to the aggregate processing plant. The fill-cut ratio data is shown in Table 1. The unit transportation price for various types of materials is shown in Table 2.

[0079] Table 1

[0080] Table 2

[0081] use Python The above-mentioned intelligent earthwork allocation method, which considers multiple material types and multi-section coordination, is implemented through programming. An exemplary computing platform is selected for this method. CPU : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700F 2.10GHz , 32GB RAM of Windows 11 The computer, and the common free mining scheme in the conventional model (treating all excavation zone types as...) b ) and fixed material output ratio scheme (treating all excavation zone types as a2) For comparison, the calculation results of the subdivided excavation zone type scheme proposed in this invention are shown in Table 3. The earthwork allocation scheme is as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown.

[0082] Table 3

[0083] Table 3 shows that the free mining scheme achieved the theoretically lowest transportation cost (1158.34 million yuan), but according to... Figure 4 As shown, the earthwork allocation scheme was severely detached from the actual project conditions, exhibiting numerous idealized flow directions that violated geological associated laws. For example, contractor F8 only extracted high-value stone from excavation area C1, making this earthwork allocation scheme physically unfeasible. In contrast, while the fixed material output ratio scheme satisfied the material type ratio constraint, it was extremely costly. Its transportation costs reached a peak of 1216.10 million yuan, and it was necessary to forcibly balance the earthwork across all sections through cross-section allocation of 271,000 cubic meters, increasing the difficulty of on-site management coordination and friction costs. The subdivided excavation area type scheme proposed in this paper, however, demonstrates a superior balancing advantage. Its transportation cost was 1203.02 million yuan, which, compared to the fixed material output ratio scheme, not only saved 13.08 million yuan in economic costs but also achieved "zero" cross-section allocation, avoiding complex management and coordination risks.

[0084] Furthermore, taking excavation zone C6 as an example, the technical effectiveness of the model proposed in this invention in handling "rigid instructions and their associated material automatic assignment" was analyzed in depth. According to Figure 6 The overall earthwork allocation flow direction and the detailed allocation data of excavation area C6 in Table 4 show that the earthwork flow in excavation area C6 exhibits a high degree of on-demand allocation characteristics. The model makes the following decisions: 1. The model strictly adhered to rigid instructions, including the 2.5 million cubic meters of material in excavation zone C6. m 3 Stones are transported in a directional manner to the aggregate processing plant.

[0085] 2. Due to the natural geological proportions, the mining of stone simultaneously strips away corresponding soil and soil-rock mixtures. Since aggregate processing plants cannot accept non-stone materials, the model automatically triggers the "assignment constraint for associated material unloading points." Calculation results show that the model did not adopt the traditional strategy of arbitrary disposal or average distribution, but rather, based on the principles of supply and demand matching and optimal transport distance, automatically assigned contractors F1 and F8 as the optimal unloading points for associated materials.

[0086] This result fully demonstrates the superiority of the method proposed in this invention. The model can automatically search for contractors with the lowest transportation costs and who require by-products across the entire field, achieving closed-loop optimization from rigid instruction execution to by-product disposal without human intervention.

[0087] Table 4

[0088] Furthermore, taking excavation zone C3 as an example, the technical effectiveness of the model proposed in this invention in handling the "attribution of responsibility for waste disposal" is analyzed in depth. According to Figure 6 The overall earthwork allocation flow and the detailed allocation data for excavation area C3 in Table 5 show that the mining of excavation area C3 was jointly undertaken by contractors F7, F9, and F12. Based on the filling requirements of each contractor's assigned filling section, the model provided differentiated solutions: contractors F7 and F9 used all mined materials to meet the needs of their respective filling sections, while contractor F12, while utilizing the earth-rock mixture and stone, was assigned by the model to handle 95,400 m³ of the excavated material. 3 The model clearly defines the responsibilities for disposing of excess soil, avoiding additional site leveling costs in the excavation area and ensuring standardized contract management.

[0089] Table 5

[0090] In summary, the intelligent earthwork allocation method proposed in this invention, which considers the multi-material nature and multi-section coordination, demonstrates significant technical advantages and possesses extremely high engineering practical value for the refined management needs of large-scale and complex earthwork projects. At the macro-allocation level, compared to the traditional fixed material output ratio management model, the proposed solution not only reduces transportation costs by 1.07% but also achieves "zero" cross-section allocation, avoiding complex management and coordination risks, and finding the optimal balance between economy, construction feasibility, and management efficiency. At the rigid command processing level, it achieves closed-loop optimization of the entire chain from rigid command execution to automatic disposal of associated materials. At the responsibility control level, it achieves refined control of "whoever excavates, is responsible, and disposes of waste materials," effectively avoiding the shirking of responsibility caused by unclear waste disposal responsibilities, thereby eliminating additional site leveling costs.

[0091] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent allocation of earthwork and rockfill considering multi-material characteristics and multi-section coordination, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain basic project data; The basic engineering data includes: construction site division information, excavation area engineering quantity and material type, filling section required engineering quantity and type, material type and filling requirement matching matrix, filling-excavation ratio coefficient, transportation unit price, rigid instructions and main road network data. S2. Based on the main road network data and the site centroid data in the construction site division information, obtain the transportation distance from each excavation area to each filling section and special site, and generate a full site transportation distance matrix. S3. Based on the geological survey data and the remaining amount of work that can be adjusted externally for each excavation area, each excavation area is divided into different constraint control types; among which, the constraint control types include: elastic constraint control type, rigid constraint control type, and relaxed constraint control type; S4. Based on different constraint control types, perform internal allocation within the filling section and excavation area that have internal affiliation relationships; and convert the remaining materials in the excavation sub-areas cut from the excavation area after satisfying the internal allocation into virtual material sources of the relaxed constraint control type. S5. Based on the overall transportation distance matrix and the overall resource status after internal allocation, a mixed integer linear programming model is constructed by introducing multiple decision variables. S6. With minimizing the total cost of earthwork allocation across the entire site as the optimization objective, solve the mixed integer linear programming model to determine the optimal earthwork allocation scheme.

2. The intelligent earthwork allocation method considering multiple material properties and multi-section coordination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The criteria for classifying different constraint control types in S3 are as follows: If the excavation area has borehole data, the remaining amount of work can be adjusted externally if it exceeds the preset threshold, and it will be marked as an elastic constraint control type. If there is no borehole data in the excavation area, the remaining amount of work can be adjusted externally. If the amount of work exceeds the preset threshold, it will be marked as a rigid constraint control type. If the remaining adjustable amount of work in the excavation area is lower than the preset threshold, it is marked as a relaxed constraint control type.

3. The intelligent earthwork allocation method considering multiple material properties and multi-section coordination as described in claim 2, characterized in that, For the excavation area of ​​the aforementioned elastic constraint control type, the material output ratio is allowed to fluctuate flexibly based on the benchmark ratio; For the excavation zone of the rigid constraint control type, its material output ratio is forced to be strictly equal to the benchmark ratio. For the excavation zone of the relaxed constraint control type, no material type ratio constraint is applied.

4. The intelligent earthwork allocation method considering multiple material properties and multi-section coordination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, the process of internal allocation within the bidding section specifically includes: S41. For rigid instructions in the current excavation area, pre-deduct the specific material volume required by the instruction from the available reserves in the current excavation area; S42. For excavation areas with relaxed constraint control, direct allocation to internal filling sections is carried out until the reserves are exhausted or the filling demand is met. S43. For excavation areas with elastic or rigid constraint control, the theoretical transport volume required to meet each filling requirement is calculated based on the various filling requirements within the filling section and the proportion of material types in the excavation area. The maximum value is selected as the total transport volume for internal allocation, and an excavation sub-area for internal allocation is cut out from the excavation area. S44. Define the remaining material in the excavated sub-area after meeting the internal filling requirements as an independent virtual material source, mark the attribute of the independent virtual material source as a relaxed constraint control type, and let the independent virtual material source participate in subsequent optimization as a free material source; the remaining part of the excavated area after deducting the excavated sub-area retains its original control type unchanged.

5. The intelligent earthwork allocation method considering multiple material properties and multi-section coordination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The decision variables in S5 include: Excavation-fill self-use allocation variable, used to represent the contractor's j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Excavation-filling cross-section allocation variables, for contractors j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; The liability abandonment variable is used by the contractor. j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Excavation-aggregate processing and allocation variables, for contractors j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to aggregate processing plant s The amount of transportation volume; Debit variable, used by contractors j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Associated material blending variables, for contractors j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Assignment variables for associated material unloading points, used by contractors. j Was the assigned filling section a rigid instruction? t The discharge point for the generated byproducts.

6. The intelligent earthwork allocation method considering multiple material properties and multi-section coordination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, the objective function of the mixed-integer linear programming model is the total cost of earthwork allocation across the entire site, expressed as: in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to aggregate processing plant s The amount of transportation volume; Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates from the excavation area i To the contractor j The transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility; Indicates from the excavation area i to other contractors l The transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility; Indicates from the material borrowing yard b To the contractor j The transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility; Indicates from the excavation area i to the waste disposal site w The transportation distance; Indicates from the excavation area i to aggregate processing plant s The transportation distance; Indicates rigid command t The associated excavation area to the contractor j The transportation distance of the filling section under your responsibility; Indicates the first m Unit transportation price for this type of material; This represents the unit management coordination coefficient for cross-section allocation; Indicates the first m The waste penalty coefficient for different types of materials is a dimensionless constant used to suppress waste behavior of high-value materials through differentiated weighting. This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; This indicates the total number of aggregate processing plants; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control type.

7. The intelligent earthwork allocation method considering multiple material properties and multi-section coordination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, the constraints of the mixed-integer linear programming model include: Excavation balance constraints are used to ensure that the total excavation volume of each type of material in each excavation zone is equal to the total volume transported to all its destinations. Filling demand balance constraint is used to ensure that the total amount of materials obtained by each filling zone from all sources, after conversion of fill-cut ratio, meets its design demand. The capacity constraint of the borrowing yard is used to limit the total amount of all types of materials transported out of each borrowing yard from its effective capacity. Waste disposal site capacity constraints are used to limit the total amount of all types of materials transported to each waste disposal site from exceeding its designed effective storage capacity. Material type matching constraints are used to prohibit the transportation of material types that do not meet design matching requirements to specific fill zones; The non-negativity constraint on the allocation volume is used to ensure that all decision variables representing the earthwork allocation flow in the model are non-negative, which conforms to physical reality. Material type proportion constraint is used to constrain the proportion of material types in the conventional earthwork flow transported to each filling section for all excavation areas with elastic and rigid constraint control types throughout the site. The associated material unloading point assignment constraint is used to control the flow direction of associated materials generated by rigid instructions, specifically: For any rigid instruction and its corresponding filling section, establish a constraint on the assignment of associated material unloading points. When the filling section is not assigned as an unloading point, the amount of associated material allocation is constrained to be zero; when the filling section is assigned as an unloading point, the amount of associated material allocation is allowed to be greater than zero.

8. The intelligent earthwork allocation method considering multiple material properties and multi-section coordination as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The expression for the excavation balance constraint is: The expression for the excavation balance constraint is: ； in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to aggregate processing plant s The amount of transportation volume; Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; This indicates the total number of aggregate processing plants; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites; Indicates the excavation area i In m Total excavation volume of different types of materials; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control types; The expression for the filling demand balance constraint is: ； in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates other contractors l Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to contractor j The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k The volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates the first m Type of material used for the first k The fill-cut ratio coefficient during filling zoning is used to convert natural volume into compacted volume; This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; Indicates contractor j In the filling section under my responsibility k Total filling demand for embankment-type areas; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control types; The expression for the capacity constraint of the borrowing yard is: ； in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; Indicates the material borrowing area b middle m Effective storage capacity of different types of materials; The expression for the capacity constraint of the waste disposal site is: ； in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites; Indicates waste disposal site w The design effectively increases storage capacity; The expression for the non-negativity constraint of the allocation amount is: ； in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to aggregate processing plant s The amount of transportation volume; Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; This indicates the total number of aggregate processing plants; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control type.

9. The intelligent earthwork allocation method considering multi-material properties and multi-section coordination according to claim 7, characterized in that, The expression for the material type matching constraint is: ； in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates other contractors l Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to contractor j The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k The volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the material yard b Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Debit volume of the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; This indicates the total number of excavation zones, including the remaining portion of excavation zones with relaxed constraint control type and those with elastic constraint control type. / Rigid constraint control type: remaining part of the excavation area, virtual material source, and other excavation areas not involved in internal allocation; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the total number of materials borrowed from the material yard; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control types; This indicates the type of material that does not meet the design requirements and the matching of filling needs.

10. The intelligent earthwork allocation method considering multiple material properties and multi-section coordination according to claim 7, characterized in that, The expression for the material type proportion constraint is: ； in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transport to other contractors l The first section of the filling project under my responsibility k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Responsible for m Types of materials from the excavation area i Transported to the spoil disposal site w The amount of waste; Indicates contractor j In the excavation area i In processing m The total amount of conventional earthwork for this type of material includes the amount allocated for use within this contract section, the amount transferred out from other contract sections, and the amount of material to be disposed of under responsibility. Indicates contractor j In the excavation area i During the operation, the total amount of conventional earthwork handled by it... m The proportion of different types of materials; Indicates the excavation area i middle m Geological exploration ratio of different types of materials; Indicates the floating factor; Indicates the type of flexible constraint control / A set of excavation zones controlled by rigid constraints; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of filling zones; Indicates the total number of spoil disposal sites; The expression for the assignment constraint of the associated material unloading point is: in, Indicates contractor j Responsible for rigid instructions t The generated m The type of associated material was transported to the first section of the fill section under the contractor's responsibility. k Volume of materials transported in the filling zone; Indicates contractor j Was the assigned filling section a rigid instruction? t The discharge point for the generated byproducts; Big-M The parameter takes the value of a rigid command. t The total excavation volume of all materials in the associated excavation area; This indicates the upper limit of the number of associated material unloading points set for the rigid instruction t, which is dynamically determined based on the total amount of associated material; Indicates the types and quantities of materials; Indicates the total number of contractors or construction sections; Indicates the total number of filling zones; This indicates that the receiving point cannot receive non-target materials and the feeding point is a flexible constraint control type. / A set of rigid instructions for rigid constraint control type.

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