An automatic transfer switching device

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic transfer switch, belonging to the technical field of low-voltage electrical apparatus, comprising a main circuit device spliced by a plurality of closing mechanisms, an operating mechanism and an MCU, wherein the operating mechanism comprises a driving mechanism, a switching mechanism and a tripping mechanism; the driving mechanism adopts a single rotating shaft transmission structure, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate through a driving electromagnet and a connecting rod assembly; the switching mechanism controls the movement track of the connecting rod through a switching block and a Y-shaped groove on a fixed plate; the tripping mechanism realizes reliable locking and rapid tripping of the closing position; and the closing mechanism adopts a single set of symmetrical moving contacts to realize single-knife three-throw three-position switching of double static contacts. The application has the advantages of simple and compact structure, greatly reduced switch volume and manufacturing cost, fast contact switching speed, reliable closing locking, perfect isolation padlock and anti-misoperation closing function, and can meet the requirements of modern power supply system for fast switching, safe and reliable power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of low-voltage electrical appliances, specifically relating to an automatic transfer switch. Background Technology

[0002] Automatic transfer switches (ATSEs) are core electrical appliances in low-voltage power distribution systems. They are mainly used in important occasions such as data centers, hospitals, airports, and stadiums where the continuity of power supply is extremely important. They are used to quickly switch the load to the backup power supply when the main power supply fails, ensuring a continuous and stable power supply to the load.

[0003] With the development of modern power supply and distribution systems, higher requirements have been placed on the performance, reliability, and functionality of automatic transfer switches. Three-position automatic transfer switches, with their three working positions (main power closed, backup power closed, and both power supplies disconnected), can remain in an intermediate position during switching, preventing damage to the load and switch body from inrush currents caused by switching between the same or different phases of the two power supplies. They also provide reliable electrical isolation during maintenance, and with the padlock function, ensure the personal safety of maintenance personnel. Furthermore, they can be used for fire alarm linkage and disconnection functions. Therefore, they have been widely adopted.

[0004] Existing three-position automatic transfer switches on the market typically employ two independent moving contact assemblies in the main circuit to achieve three-position switching, corresponding to two sets of stationary contacts. Three-position control is achieved through the opening and closing of these two moving contacts. The corresponding operating mechanism requires two sets of square shafts and multiple transmission components to drive the two sets of moving contacts, resulting in a complex overall structure, numerous parts, large product size, and high manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the multiple transmission structures reduce transmission efficiency and limit contact switching speed, making it difficult to meet the requirements for rapid switching. In addition, the existing products' isolation padlock structure is complex, with insufficient locking reliability, making them prone to accidental closing and failing to adequately guarantee the safety of maintenance operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a three-position automatic transfer switchgear, which adopts a single moving contact assembly and a single rotating shaft transmission structure, simplifying the overall structure, reducing product size and manufacturing costs, while improving contact switching speed and closing locking reliability, and perfecting the isolation padlock and anti-misclosing functions, thus meeting the usage requirements of modern power supply and distribution systems.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An automatic transfer switch includes a main circuit assembly composed of several closing mechanisms, an operating mechanism for controlling the closing mechanisms, and a microcontroller unit (MCU). The operating mechanism is installed inside a base, and an operating panel is provided on the top of the base corresponding to the position of the operating mechanism. The operating mechanism includes a drive mechanism, a switching mechanism, and a tripping mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a drive electromagnet, a first connecting rod, a support member, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a fixing plate, a rotating shaft, and a rotating shaft connecting plate. The drive electromagnet is installed inside the base, and its drive end is hinged to the support member via the first connecting rod. The fixing plate is installed on the base on one side of the drive electromagnet. The support member has an L-shaped structure and is rotatably mounted on the base via a pin. The second connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the support and is located above the first connecting rod. One end of the third connecting rod is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod, and the other end extends to the fixed plate. One end of the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate, and the other end passes through several closing mechanisms in sequence, used to drive each closing mechanism to perform opening and closing actions through its own rotation. One end of the rotating shaft connecting plate is fixedly fitted onto the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the third connecting rod in a transmission manner. The rotating shaft connecting plate is provided with a strip groove, and the third connecting rod is slidably mounted in the strip groove. The conversion mechanism includes a conversion electromagnet and a conversion block. The conversion electromagnet is mounted on the fixed plate. The conversion block is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate. A Y-shaped groove is provided on the fixed plate. The connecting rod three can slide along the trajectory of the Y-shaped groove; one end of the conversion block is connected to the driving end of the conversion electromagnet, and the other end is provided with a limiting protrusion for controlling the movement trajectory of the connecting rod three in the Y-shaped groove; the tripping mechanism includes a locking element, a fixed rod, a tripping electromagnet, and a return spring; the fixed rod is fixedly installed on a fixed plate above the support member; the locking element is rotatably installed on the fixed rod, and one end of it is connected to the driving end of the tripping electromagnet, and the other end is provided with a locking hook that cooperates with the support member, the locking element is used to lock the closed position of the support member; one end of the return spring is connected to the fixed rod, and the other end is connected to the support member, for the reset of the support member; the closing mechanism includes a mounting base, a mounting cover, and a moving part. The circuit includes contacts, load terminals, a primary power stationary contact, a backup power stationary contact, and an arc-extinguishing chamber. The mounting base is fitted onto a rotating shaft and can rotate synchronously with the shaft. Moving contacts are symmetrically mounted at the upper and lower ends of the mounting base and are press-fitted onto the mounting base using mounting covers. One end of each moving contact has a moving contact point, and the other end is electrically connected to the load terminals via a soft copper wire. The load terminals are located at the right end of the closing mechanism. The primary power stationary contact and the backup power stationary contact are arranged vertically at the left end of the closing mechanism, and their positions correspond one-to-one with the moving contacts at the upper and lower ends of the mounting base. The MCU is electrically connected to the driving electromagnet, the switching electromagnet, and the tripping electromagnet, respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the closing mechanism also includes a pressure applying device; the pressure applying device includes a mounting block and a pressure spring; the mounting block is fixedly mounted on the moving contact, and has an integrally formed cylindrical protrusion inside; the pressure spring is fitted onto the cylindrical protrusion of the mounting block, one end of the pressure spring abuts against the moving contact, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the mounting block, for providing a constant contact pressure for the closing contact between the moving contact and the stationary contact of the normal power supply and the stationary contact of the backup power supply.

[0008] Furthermore, the operating mechanism is also equipped with an anti-misoperation closing mechanism; the anti-misoperation closing mechanism includes a round shaft, a bracket, and a stop; the round shaft is vertically rotatably mounted in the base; the bracket is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the round shaft; a limiting hole adapted to the front end of the bracket is opened on the connecting rod; the front end of the bracket extends into the limiting hole; a square limiting groove is opened on the outer wall of the round shaft; the stop is slidably mounted in the base, and the stop can slide to be engaged in the square limiting groove to lock the circumferential rotation of the round shaft; a slider is slidably mounted on the operating panel; a push plate is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slider; the push plate is in transmission cooperation with the stop to drive the stop to slide horizontally; a micro switch is also installed in the operating panel; the micro switch is electrically connected to the MCU.

[0009] Furthermore, the slider is provided with a manual operation hole and a padlock locking hole; the padlock locking hole is used to lock the relative position of the slider with a padlock; the manual operation hole corresponds vertically to the top position of the round shaft; the top of the round shaft is provided with a hexagonal operation groove, and the operation panel is also equipped with a hexagonal wrench that is compatible with the hexagonal operation groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the contact surface between the locking hook of the locking member and the support member is an arc surface; the center of the arc surface coincides with the central axis of the fixing rod; the force generated when the support member contacts the arc surface is transmitted radially along the arc surface, and the rotational torque on the locking member is 0.

[0011] Furthermore, the moving contact of the moving contact is made of silver alloy material, and the moving contact is fixed to the end of the moving contact by symmetrical welding.

[0012] Furthermore, the three ends of the Y-shaped groove correspond to three working positions: the normal power supply closed position, the two power supplies disconnected position, and the backup power supply closed position. When the connecting rod slides to the corresponding end, the rotating shaft drives the moving contact to rotate to the corresponding working position.

[0013] Furthermore, the arc-extinguishing chamber is a grid-type arc-extinguishing chamber, which is correspondingly arranged beside the stationary contact of the normal power supply and the stationary contact of the backup power supply, and is used to extinguish the arc when disconnected.

[0014] Furthermore, the MCU is equipped with a power acquisition module, which is used to acquire the voltage and phase parameters of the main power supply and the backup power supply in real time. The MCU controls the actions of driving electromagnets, switching electromagnets, and tripping electromagnets according to the acquired parameters.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention uses a single set of symmetrical moving contacts in conjunction with double stationary contacts arranged vertically to achieve three-position switching of single-pole three-throw, replacing the existing double moving contact group structure; at the same time, a single rotating shaft runs through all closing mechanisms, and a set of linkage transmission mechanisms is used to achieve synchronous opening and closing of all poles, which greatly reduces the number of parts, simplifies the overall structure, effectively reduces the overall size of the product, and reduces manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty.

[0016] 2. This invention uses the Y-shaped groove on the fixed plate and the limiting protrusion of the conversion block to precisely control the movement trajectory of the connecting rod three, thereby precisely limiting the rotation angle of the rotating shaft and realizing precise switching of the three working positions; it adopts an excitation type electromagnet drive, which has a short transmission chain and fast response speed, meeting the rapid switching requirements of modern power supply systems and effectively reducing the power outage time during the switching process.

[0017] 3. The tripping mechanism of the present invention adopts an arc surface locking structure. The contact surface between the locking component and the support component is an arc surface whose center coincides with the axis of the fixed rod. In the closed locking state, the force exerted by the support component on the locking component is transmitted radially, and the torque on the locking component is 0. Reliable locking can be achieved without additional holding force. It has excellent vibration and impact resistance performance and ensures the stability of contact of the contacts in the closed state.

[0018] 4. This invention is equipped with an anti-misoperation closing mechanism and a manual padlock structure. The sliding of the slider can switch between three modes: automatic, manual, and isolation padlock. In the isolation padlock mode, the stop locks the round shaft, and then the action of the bracket locking linkage one is used to achieve full locking of the mechanism. At the same time, the position of the slider can be locked by the padlock to prevent accidental operation by others, ensure the personal safety of maintenance personnel, and meet the safety specifications for electrical isolation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the single-pole structure of the closing mechanism described in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the closing mechanism described in this invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the operation panel described in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the operation panel described in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the operating mechanism described in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the operating mechanism described in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the operating mechanism described in this invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the operating mechanism described in this invention. Figure 4 .

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Base; 2-Operating mechanism; 3-Operating panel; 4-Closing mechanism; 21-Drive electromagnet; 211-Link 1; 22-Support component; 221-Link 2; 23-Link 3; 24-Fixing plate; 241-Y-slot; 25-Rotating shaft; 251-Rotating shaft connecting plate; 26-Conversion electromagnet; 261-Conversion block; 271-Lock-in component; 272-Fixing rod; 273-Trigger electromagnet; 274-Reset spring; 3 1-Slider; 311-Manual operation hole; 312-Lock hole; 32-Hex wrench; 33-Push plate; 34-Micro switch; 35-Round shaft; 351-Bracket; 36-Stop; 41-Mounting base; 411-Mounting cover; 42-Moving contact; 43-Pressure application device; 431-Mounting block; 432-Pressure spring; 44-Soft copper wire; 45-Load terminal; 46-Standing contact of main power supply; 47-Standing contact of backup power supply; 48-Arc extinguishing chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0023] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings of this specification are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" or "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0025] An automatic transfer switch includes a main circuit device composed of several closing mechanisms 4, an operating mechanism 2 for controlling the closing mechanisms 4, and a microcontroller unit (MCU); the operating mechanism 2 is installed in a base 1, and an operating panel 3 is provided on the top of the base 1 corresponding to the position of the operating mechanism 2; characterized in that: the operating mechanism 2 includes a drive mechanism, a switching mechanism, and a tripping mechanism; the drive mechanism includes a drive electromagnet 21, a first connecting rod 211, a support member 22, a second connecting rod 221, a third connecting rod 23, a fixing plate 24, a rotating shaft 25, and a rotating shaft connecting plate 251; the drive electromagnet 21 is installed in the base 1, and its drive end is hinged to the support member 22 through the first connecting rod 211; A fixed plate 24 is mounted on a base 1 on one side of the driving electromagnet 21; the support member 22 has an L-shaped structure and is rotatably mounted on the base 1 via a pin; the second connecting rod 221 is rotatably mounted on the support member 22, and the second connecting rod 221 is located above the first connecting rod 211; one end of the third connecting rod 23 is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod 221, and the other end extends to the fixed plate 24; one end of the rotating shaft 25 is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 24, and the other end passes through several closing mechanisms 4 in sequence, used to drive each closing mechanism 4 to perform opening and closing actions by rotating itself; one end of the rotating shaft connecting plate 251 is fixedly fitted onto the rotating shaft 25, and the other end is connected to the third connecting rod 23 in a transmission manner; the rotating shaft connecting plate 251 The upper part is provided with a strip-shaped groove, and the connecting rod 23 is slidably installed in the strip-shaped groove; the conversion mechanism includes a conversion electromagnet 26 and a conversion block 261; the conversion electromagnet 26 is mounted on the fixed plate 24; the conversion block 261 is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 24; the fixed plate 24 has a Y-shaped groove 241; the connecting rod 23 can slide along the trajectory of the Y-shaped groove 241; one end of the conversion block 261 is connected to the driving end of the conversion electromagnet 26, and the other end is provided with a limiting protrusion for controlling the movement trajectory of the connecting rod 23 in the Y-shaped groove 241; the three endpoints of the Y-shaped groove 241 correspond to the three working positions: the normal power supply closed position, the two power supplies disconnected position, and the backup power supply closed position. When the connecting rod 23 slides to the corresponding end point, the rotating shaft 25 drives the moving contact 42 to rotate to the corresponding working position; the tripping mechanism includes a locking element 271, a fixing rod 272, a tripping electromagnet 273, and a return spring 274; the fixing rod 272 is fixedly installed on the fixing plate 24 above the support member 22; the locking element 271 is rotatably installed on the fixing rod 272, and one end of it is connected to the driving end of the tripping electromagnet 273, and the other end is provided with a locking hook that cooperates with the support member 22. The locking element 271 is used to lock the closed position of the support member 22; one end of the return spring 274 is connected to the fixing rod 272, and the other end is connected to the support member 22, and is used to reset the support member 22;The closing mechanism 4 includes a mounting base 41, a mounting cover 411, a moving contact 42, a load terminal block 45, a normal power supply stationary contact 46, a backup power supply stationary contact 47, and an arc-extinguishing chamber 48. The mounting base 41 is fitted onto the rotating shaft 25 and can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 25. The moving contact 42 is symmetrically installed at the upper and lower ends of the mounting base 41 and is press-fitted onto the mounting base 41 by the mounting cover 411. One end of the moving contact 42 is provided with a moving contact point, and the other end is connected to the load terminal block via a soft copper wire 44. The load terminal 45 is electrically connected; the load terminal 45 is located at the right end of the closing mechanism 4; the normal power stationary contact 46 and the backup power stationary contact 47 are arranged vertically on the left end of the closing mechanism 4, and the positions of the normal power stationary contact 46 and the backup power stationary contact 47 correspond one-to-one with the moving contacts 42 at the upper and lower ends of the mounting base 41; the arc-extinguishing chamber 48 is a grid-type arc-extinguishing chamber, and the arc-extinguishing chamber 48 is correspondingly located beside the normal power stationary contact 46 and the backup power stationary contact 47, used to extinguish the arc when disconnecting.

[0026] The MCU is electrically connected to the driving electromagnet 21, the switching electromagnet 26, and the tripping electromagnet 273 respectively. The MCU is equipped with a power acquisition module, which is used to acquire the voltage and phase parameters of the main power supply and the backup power supply in real time. The MCU controls the operation of the driving electromagnet 21, the switching electromagnet 26, and the tripping electromagnet 273 according to the acquired parameters.

[0027] The closing mechanism 4 also includes a pressure applying device 43; the pressure applying device 43 includes a mounting block 431 and a pressure spring 432; the mounting block 431 is fixedly mounted on the moving contact 42, and has an integrally formed cylindrical protrusion inside; the pressure spring 432 is fitted onto the cylindrical protrusion of the mounting block 431, one end of the pressure spring 432 abuts against the moving contact 42, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the mounting block 431, for providing constant contact pressure for the closing contact of the moving contact 42 with the normal power supply stationary contact 46 and the backup power supply stationary contact 47.

[0028] The operating mechanism 2 is also equipped with an anti-misoperation closing mechanism; the anti-misoperation closing mechanism includes a circular shaft 35, a bracket 351, and a stop 36; the circular shaft 35 is vertically rotatably installed in the base 1; the bracket 351 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the circular shaft 35; a limiting hole adapted to the front end of the bracket 351 is opened on the connecting rod 211; the front end of the bracket 351 extends into the limiting hole; a square limiting groove is opened on the outer wall of the circular shaft 35; the stop 36 is slidably installed in the base 1, and the stop 36 can slide to be engaged in the square limiting groove to lock the circumferential rotation of the circular shaft 35; a slider 31 is slidably installed on the operating panel 3; a push plate 33 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slider 31; the push plate 33 is in transmission cooperation with the stop 36 to drive the stop 36 to slide horizontally; a micro switch 34 is also installed in the operating panel 3; the micro switch 34 is electrically connected to the MCU.

[0029] The slider 31 is provided with a manual operation hole 311 and a padlock locking hole 312; the padlock locking hole 312 is used to lock the relative position of the slider 31 with a padlock; the manual operation hole 311 corresponds vertically to the top position of the round shaft 35; the top of the round shaft 35 is provided with a hexagonal operation groove, and the operation panel 3 is also equipped with a hexagonal wrench 32 that is compatible with the hexagonal operation groove.

[0030] The contact surface between the locking hook of the locking member 271 and the support member 22 is an arc surface; the center of the arc surface coincides with the central axis of the fixing rod 272; the force generated when the support member 22 contacts the arc surface is transmitted radially along the arc surface, and the rotational torque on the locking member 271 is 0.

[0031] The moving contact of the moving contact 42 is made of silver alloy material, and the moving contact is fixed to the end of the moving contact 42 by symmetrical welding.

[0032] Working principle: I. Automatic Working Mode When slider 31 is in the leftmost automatic position, manual operation hole 311 is blocked by slider 31, stop 36 is in the left position and disengaged from the square groove of round shaft 35, round shaft 35 can rotate freely, micro switch 34 sends automatic mode signal to MCU, and MCU enters automatic control state.

[0033] Normal power supply closing: When the MCU detects that the normal power supply is normal, it controls the conversion electromagnet 26 to be in a de-energized state, and the conversion block 261 blocks the path from the Y-shaped groove 241 to the upper end point; then the MCU controls the drive electromagnet 21 to be energized and attracted, which drives the support member 22 to rotate counterclockwise through the first link 211, and then drives the third link 23 to slide down along the Y-shaped groove 241 to the lower end point through the second link 221. The third link 23 drives the rotating shaft 25 to rotate clockwise through the rotating shaft connecting plate 251. The rotating shaft 25 drives the mounting base 41 of all closing mechanisms 4 to rotate clockwise, and the moving contact 42 at the upper end closes and contacts the stationary contact 46 of the normal power supply, and the normal power supply is turned on; at the same time, the upper end of the support member 22 is locked into the locking hook of the locking member 271 to achieve reliable locking of the closing position, and the drive electromagnet 21 remains in the closed state after being de-energized.

[0034] When the MCU detects a fault in the main power supply or receives a tripping or fire alarm linkage signal, it controls the tripping electromagnet 273 to be energized and engaged, causing the locking piece 271 to rotate and unlock. The support piece 22 is reset under the action of the reset spring 274, causing the connecting rod 23 to return to the middle end of the Y-shaped groove 241. The rotating shaft 25 drives the moving contact 42 back to the middle position, disconnecting both the main power supply and the backup power supply, achieving complete isolation between the two power supplies. The MCU can control the dwell time in the middle position according to the setting to avoid switching shock.

[0035] Backup power supply closing: When the MCU detects a fault in the main power supply and that the backup power supply is normal, after the circuit breaker is opened to the middle position, it controls the switching electromagnet 26 to be energized and engaged. The switching block 261 rotates to block the path from the Y-shaped groove 241 to the lower end. Then, it controls the drive electromagnet 21 to be energized and engaged, causing the connecting rod 3 23 to slide upward along the Y-shaped groove 241 to the upper end. Through the rotating shaft connecting plate 251, it drives the rotating shaft 25 to rotate counterclockwise. The moving contact 42 at the lower end closes and contacts the stationary contact 47 of the backup power supply, and the backup power supply is turned on. At the same time, the locking component 271 locks the circuit, realizing continuous power supply of the backup power supply.

[0036] II. Manual Operation Mode Push slider 31 to the rightmost end, aligning manual operation hole 311 with the hexagonal operation slot of round shaft 35. Micro switch 34 sends a manual mode signal to MCU, and MCU cuts off the power supply to all electromagnets, entering manual control mode. Operator can take out hexagonal wrench 32, insert it into manual operation hole 311 and hexagonal operation slot, rotate round shaft 35, and drive connecting rod 211 through bracket 351 to achieve manual opening and closing, and switching between normal and backup power supply.

[0037] III. Isolation Padlock Mode When slider 31 is moved to the rightmost end, push plate 33 pushes stop 36 to slide to the left. The front end of stop 36 is engaged in the square groove of round shaft 35, locking the circumferential rotation of round shaft 35. Then, the bracket 351 locks all the movements of connecting rod 211, and the entire mechanism is completely locked in the position where the two power supplies are disconnected. At the same time, micro switch 34 sends an isolation mode signal to MCU, and MCU cuts off the power supply to all electromagnets. At this time, padlock can be passed through the lock hole 312 on slider 31 to lock the position of slider 31, preventing accidental operation by others and fully ensuring personal safety during the maintenance of downstream equipment.

[0038] The scope of protection of this invention is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the specific embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An automatic transfer switch, comprising a main circuit device assembled from several closing mechanisms (4), an operating mechanism (2) for controlling the closing mechanisms (4), and an MCU; wherein the operating mechanism (2) is installed in a base (1), and an operating panel (3) is provided on the top of the base (1) corresponding to the position of the operating mechanism (2); characterized in that: The operating mechanism (2) includes a driving mechanism, a conversion mechanism, and a tripping mechanism; the driving mechanism includes a driving electromagnet (21), a first connecting rod (211), a support member (22), a second connecting rod (221), a third connecting rod (23), a fixing plate (24), a rotating shaft (25), and a rotating shaft connecting plate (251); the driving electromagnet (21) is installed inside the base (1), and its driving end is hinged to the support member (22) through the first connecting rod (211); the fixing plate (24) is installed on the base (1) on one side of the driving electromagnet (21); the support member (22) has an L-shaped structure and is rotatably installed on the base (1) through a pin; the second connecting rod (221) is rotatably installed on the support member (22), and the second connecting rod (221) Located above connecting rod one (211); one end of connecting rod three (23) is rotatably connected to connecting rod two (221), and the other end extends to the fixed plate (24); one end of the rotating shaft (25) is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate (24), and the other end passes through several closing mechanisms (4) in sequence, used to drive each closing mechanism (4) to perform opening and closing actions by rotating itself; one end of the rotating shaft connecting plate (251) is fixedly fitted on the rotating shaft (25), and the other end is connected to the connecting rod three (23) in a transmission; a strip groove is provided on the rotating shaft connecting plate (251), and the connecting rod three (23) is slidably installed in the strip groove; the conversion mechanism includes a conversion electromagnet (26) and a conversion block (261); the conversion electromagnet (26) is installed On the fixed plate (24); the conversion block (261) is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate (24); a Y-shaped groove (241) is provided on the fixed plate (24); the connecting rod three (23) can slide along the trajectory of the Y-shaped groove (241); one end of the conversion block (261) is connected to the driving end of the conversion electromagnet (26), and the other end is provided with a limiting protrusion for controlling the movement trajectory of the connecting rod three (23) in the Y-shaped groove (241); the release mechanism includes a locking element (271), a fixed rod (272), a release electromagnet (273) and a return spring (274); the fixed rod (272) is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (24) above the support member (22); the locking element (271) is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate (24). The fixed rod (272) has one end connected to the drive end of the trip electromagnet (273) for transmission, and the other end is provided with a locking hook that cooperates with the support member (22). The locking member (271) is used to lock the support member (22) in the closed position. The reset spring (274) is connected to the fixed rod (272) at one end and to the support member (22) at the other end, and is used to reset the support member (22). The closing mechanism (4) includes a mounting base (41), a mounting cover (411), a moving contact (42), a load terminal (45), a common power stationary contact (46), a backup power stationary contact (47), and an arc-extinguishing chamber (48). The mounting base (41) is fitted on the rotating shaft (25) and can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft (25).The moving contact (42) is symmetrically installed at the upper and lower ends of the mounting base (41) and is press-fitted onto the mounting base (41) by the mounting cover (411); one end of the moving contact (42) is provided with a moving contact point, and the other end is electrically connected to the load terminal (45) through a soft copper wire (44); the load terminal (45) is located at the right end of the closing mechanism (4); the normal power stationary contact (46) and the backup power stationary contact (47) are arranged vertically on the left end of the closing mechanism (4), and the positions of the normal power stationary contact (46) and the backup power stationary contact (47) correspond one-to-one with the moving contact (42) at the upper and lower ends of the mounting base (41); the arc extinguishing chamber (48) is respectively located on the side of the normal power stationary contact (46) and the backup power stationary contact (47); the MCU is electrically connected to the driving electromagnet (21), the conversion electromagnet (26) and the tripping electromagnet (273).

2. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closing mechanism (4) further includes a pressure device (43); the pressure device (43) includes a mounting block (431) and a pressure spring (432); the mounting block (431) is fixedly mounted on the moving contact (42), and has an integrally formed cylindrical protrusion inside; the pressure spring (432) is fitted on the cylindrical protrusion of the mounting block (431), one end of the pressure spring (432) abuts against the moving contact (42), and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the mounting block (431), which is used to provide constant contact pressure for the closing contact of the moving contact (42) with the normal power stationary contact (46) and the backup power stationary contact (47).

3. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating mechanism (2) is also equipped with an anti-misoperation closing mechanism; the anti-misoperation closing mechanism includes a round shaft (35), a bracket (351) and a stop (36); the round shaft (35) is vertically rotatably installed in the base (1); the bracket (351) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the round shaft (35); a limiting hole adapted to the front end of the bracket (351) is opened on the connecting rod (211); the front end of the bracket (351) extends into the limiting hole; a square limiting groove is opened on the outer wall of the round shaft (35); the... The stop (36) is slidably installed in the base (1), and the stop (36) can slide to be inserted into the square limiting groove to lock the circumferential rotation of the round shaft (35); a slider (31) is slidably installed on the operation panel (3); a push plate (33) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slider (31); the push plate (33) is in transmission cooperation with the stop (36) to drive the stop (36) to slide horizontally; a micro switch (34) is also installed in the operation panel (3); the micro switch (34) is electrically connected to the MCU.

4. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slider (31) is provided with a manual operation hole (311) and a padlock lock hole (312); the padlock lock hole (312) is used to lock the relative position of the slider (31) with a padlock; the manual operation hole (311) corresponds vertically to the top position of the round shaft (35); the top of the round shaft (35) is provided with a hexagonal operation groove, and the operation panel (3) is also equipped with a hexagonal wrench (32) that is compatible with the hexagonal operation groove.

5. An automatic transfer switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface between the locking hook of the locking member (271) and the support member (22) is an arc surface; the center of the arc surface coincides with the central axis of the fixing rod (272); the force generated when the support member (22) contacts the arc surface is transmitted radially along the arc surface, and the torque of rotation on the locking member (271) is 0.

6. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving contact of the moving contact (42) is made of silver alloy material, and the moving contact is fixed to the end of the moving contact (42) by symmetrical welding.

7. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three endpoints of the Y-shaped groove (241) correspond to the three working positions: the normal power supply closed position, the two power supplies disconnected position, and the backup power supply closed position. When the connecting rod three (23) slides to the corresponding endpoint, the rotating shaft (25) drives the moving contact (42) to rotate to the corresponding working position.

8. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-extinguishing chamber (48) is a grid-type arc-extinguishing chamber.

9. The automatic transfer switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU is equipped with a power acquisition module, which is used to collect the voltage and phase parameters of the main power supply and the backup power supply in real time. The MCU controls the operation of the driving electromagnet (21), the switching electromagnet (26), and the tripping electromagnet (273) according to the collected parameters.

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