changeover switch

Abstract

A kind of change-over switch, including shell and switch pole, switch pole includes rotating shaft and contact mechanism, contact mechanism includes movable contact assembly and static contact group, linkage is connected between movable contact assembly and rotating shaft, movable contact assembly is driven by linkage and moves along first direction, switch pole further includes self-locking piece, movable contact assembly drives self-locking piece and slides along first direction, rotating rotating shaft, the linkage of movable contact assembly connected to closing position is first pushed by rotating shaft, so that one set of contact mechanism is first opened to position, another set of contact mechanism is closed to position, when one set of contact mechanism cannot be opened, self-locking piece is moved under the drive of movable contact assembly of another set of contact mechanism, so that the contact mechanism that cannot be opened is opened, or, self-locking piece is positioned by the contact mechanism that cannot be opened, so that another set of contact mechanism cannot be closed.In the present application, rotating shaft drives one set of contact mechanism to be opened first, self-locking piece makes two sets of contact mechanism cannot be closed simultaneously, and the use safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-voltage electrical appliances, and more specifically to a changeover switch. Background Technology

[0002] Changeover switches enable the switching of load lines between two power sources. They are widely used in various uninterrupted power supply applications to ensure power supply reliability. Changeover switches typically switch between primary and backup power sources by changing the opening and closing of two sets of contact mechanisms. Existing products have the following drawbacks: First, the opening and closing of the two sets of contact mechanisms occurs almost simultaneously. If it cannot be ensured that one set of contact mechanisms opens first, both sets of contact mechanisms may close simultaneously, which is detrimental to the safe use of the changeover switch. Second, although an interlocking structure can ensure normal operation with only one set of contact mechanisms closed, if one of the contact mechanisms becomes welded and cannot open, the interlocking structure cannot force it to open, potentially causing safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome at least one defect of the prior art and provide a circuit breaker operating mechanism.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a changeover switch, including a housing and a switch electrode disposed within the housing. Each switch electrode includes a rotating shaft and two sets of contact mechanisms. The rotating shaft is rotatably disposed between the two sets of contact mechanisms. The rotating shaft drives one set of contact mechanisms to close and the other set to open. Each set of contact mechanisms includes a moving contact assembly and a stationary contact assembly spaced apart. Each moving contact assembly is connected to the rotating shaft by a linkage member, which drives the moving contact assembly to move along a first direction to engage with the corresponding stationary contact assembly.

[0006] The switch electrode also includes self-locking components that respectively cooperate with the two moving contact assemblies. The moving contact assemblies drive the self-locking components to slide and cooperate with the housing along a first direction.

[0007] Rotating the shaft first pushes the linkage of the moving contact assembly connected to the closed position, causing one set of contact mechanisms to open first, and then the other set of contact mechanisms to close.

[0008] When one set of contact mechanisms fails to open, the self-locking element moves under the drive of the moving contact assembly of the other set of contact mechanisms, causing the non-opening contact mechanism to open, or the self-locking element is limited by the non-opening contact mechanism, preventing the other set of contact mechanisms from closing.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating shaft includes a drive shaft, on which two rotating disks are coaxially mounted. Each rotating disk is driven by the drive shaft to rotate for opening and closing. The linkage is connected between a moving contact assembly and a rotating disk. The drive shaft is provided with two opening push parts. Before the drive shaft drives the rotating disk at the opening position to rotate for closing, the linkage connected to the moving contact assembly at the closing position is pushed by one of the opening push parts.

[0010] Preferably, the drive shaft has a partition in the middle, which separates two rotating disks so that the two ends of the drive shaft are respectively driven and connected to the two rotating disks. The edge of the partition protrudes outward to form two opening and closing push parts.

[0011] Preferably, the drive shaft has a strip-shaped boss in the middle, and the protrusion height of the strip-shaped boss is less than the protrusion height of the partition. The partition divides the strip-shaped boss into two drive parts, and each drive part cooperates with the drive groove opened on the rotating disk.

[0012] Preferably, each moving contact assembly is further provided with a reset elastic element. The linkage element connected to the same moving contact assembly and the reset elastic element form a set of driving components. The driving components switch between a balanced position and a dead position. When one set of driving components moves to the dead position, the connected moving contact assembly is closed. When the other set of driving components moves to the balanced position, the connected moving contact assembly is opened.

[0013] Preferably, at the dead position, the two hinge points of the linkage and the axis of the rotating disk are collinear; at the equilibrium position, the two hinge points of the linkage and the axis of the rotating disk are not collinear, and the axis of the reset elastic element passes through the axis of the rotating disk.

[0014] Preferably, the moving contact assembly includes a moving contact and a contact support. The moving contact is disposed through the contact support. The contact support is provided with a mating part and a pushing part, and the mating part and the pushing part are respectively located on opposite sides of the contact support. The self-locking member is provided with an interlocking part corresponding to the mating part. In the same moving contact assembly, the moving contact, the interlocking part and the mating part are arranged at intervals in a first direction.

[0015] Preferably, in the first direction, the maximum distance between the mating parts of the two sets of contact mechanisms is less than the distance between the interlocking parts of the corresponding two sets of contact mechanisms.

[0016] Preferably, the self-locking component includes a rod-shaped body, with interlocking portions at both ends of the rod-shaped body. Each interlocking portion extends between the contact support and the moving contact of an adjacent moving contact assembly. When the contact support moves to close, it pushes the interlocking portion, causing the self-locking component to move along a first direction.

[0017] Preferably, a contact spring is provided between the moving contact and the contact support, and the contact spring undergoes elastic deformation along a first direction when the moving contact and the contact support move relative to each other.

[0018] Preferably, in the second direction, an energy storage structure is provided on at least one side of a set of moving contact assemblies. The energy storage structure includes a rotatably assembled energy storage component. The energy storage component is provided with a locking part and an unlocking part. During the closing movement of the moving contact assembly, the moving contact first engages with the locking part to limit the closing movement and stop the closing movement. The contact supports continued closing movement. The pushing part pushes the unlocking part to unlock and rotate the energy storage component, so that the moving contact is driven by the contact spring after unlocking from the locking part. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0019] Preferably, the energy storage structure is further equipped with a return spring, which is coaxially assembled with the energy storage component. The two ends of the return spring are elastically in contact with the energy storage component and the outer shell, respectively. Alternatively, the return spring and the energy storage component are arranged side by side in a second direction, with one end of the return spring connected to the energy storage component and the other end of the return spring connected to the inner shell.

[0020] Preferably, the energy storage structure further includes a support, the support having an opening facing the contact mechanism and the energy storage component being rotatably assembled within the support.

[0021] Preferably, each contact mechanism is also equipped with an arc extinguishing system, which includes an arc extinguishing chamber. In the second direction, the arc extinguishing chamber and the energy storage structure are located on opposite sides of the same contact mechanism.

[0022] Preferably, it further includes a control pole arranged parallel to the switch pole in a third direction. The control pole includes a motor and a gear set, the gear set being driven between the output shaft and the rotating shaft of the motor, and the third direction being perpendicular to the first direction.

[0023] Preferably, the control electrode further includes a circuit board and a driven delay element. A micro switch is connected to the circuit board. The driven delay element is rotatably assembled and driven to rotate by a gear in a gear set after a delay. The driven delay element triggers the micro switch.

[0024] Preferably, the switch electrode further includes an input terminal and an output terminal, and each set of contact mechanisms is connected between an input terminal and an output terminal.

[0025] Preferably, the two sets of contact mechanisms are connected to the same outgoing terminal.

[0026] The changeover switch of the present invention first drives the linkage at the closing position when the rotating shaft rotates, so that the opening position of the two sets of contact mechanisms is reached earlier than the closing position. Then, in conjunction with the self-locking component, when one set of contact mechanisms cannot be opened, the self-locking component forces the opening or prevents the other set of contact mechanisms from closing, ensuring that the two sets of contact mechanisms cannot close at the same time, thus improving the safety of use.

[0027] In addition, the rotating shaft adopts a split structure, with the opening push part on the drive shaft cooperating with the linkage component, so that one set of contact mechanisms opens first and the other set of contact mechanisms closes later, reliably ensuring the safety of use.

[0028] In addition, the contact mechanism is equipped with an energy storage structure, which improves the closing speed of the contact mechanism and helps to extend the service life of the contact mechanism.

[0029] In addition, the energy storage structure only includes energy storage components and a return spring, which has the advantages of simple structure, stable operation and low cost. Furthermore, the energy storage structure can be formed into a modular structure through the bracket, which facilitates assembly.

[0030] In addition, the arc-extinguishing chamber and the energy storage structure are respectively located on opposite sides of the contact mechanism to avoid mutual interference between the two.

[0031] In addition, a driven delay element is configured in the control electrode, which triggers the micro switch to prevent the signal feedback from occurring before the state switching of the contact mechanism, so that the control electrode feedback signal matches the actual state and improves the accuracy of the signal feedback.

[0032] In addition, the two sets of contact mechanisms share a single outgoing terminal, which helps to reduce costs and shrink the size. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the changeover switch in this invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the switching electrode structure in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the switching electrode structure in the first embodiment of the present invention (with the outer casing removed);

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the rotating disk, drive shaft and moving contact assembly in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the contact mechanism and rotating shaft in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the rotating shaft in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage component in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the switching electrode structure in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation of the contact mechanism, energy storage structure, and self-locking component in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the energy storage structure in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the energy storage structure in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the decomposition process;

[0048] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage device in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the moving contact assembly in this invention;

[0050] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the contact support, contact spring, and reset elastic element in this invention;

[0051] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the contact support structure in this invention;

[0052] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the moving contact bridge in this invention;

[0053] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the self-locking component in this invention;

[0054] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the control electrode structure in this invention;

[0055] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit board and micro switch in this invention;

[0056] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the drive gear and the driven delay element in this invention;

[0057] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the driven delay element in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0058] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the driven delay element in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0059] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the drive gear in this invention.

[0060] Figure label:

[0061] 1-Outer casing, 11-Limiting part, 2-Switch pole, 20-Terminal, 21-Rotating shaft, 211-Drive shaft, 2110-Separating part, 2111-Drive part, 2112-Opening push part, 212-Rotating disk, 2120-Central hole, 2121-Drive groove, 2122-Closing part, 2123-Connecting part, 2124-Connecting hole, 2125-Stop part, 2 2-Moving contact assembly, 221-Contact support, 2210-Mounting cavity, 2211-Hinge, 2212-Mating part, 2213-Baffle, 2214-Plug-in part, 2215-Baffle, 2216-Pushing part, 222-Moving contact, 2220-Moving contact bridge, 2221-Moving contact point, 2222-Snap-fit ​​part, 223-Contact spring, 23-Stationary contact, 231- 232-Static contact, 24-Linkage component, 25-Reset elastic component, 26-Energy storage structure, 261-Bracket, 2610-Receiving cavity, 2611-Positioning groove, 262-Energy storage component, 2621-Locking part, 2622-Unlocking part, 2623-Positioning part, 263-Reset spring, 264-Mounting shaft, 27-Self-locking component, 271-Interlocking part, 28-Arc extinguishing chamber, 3-Control pole, 31-Motor, 32-Gear set, 321-Drive gear, 3211-Gear part, 3212-Round shaft part, 322-Drive plate, 33-Driven delay component, 330-Ring body, 3301-Central hole, 3302-Arc-shaped protrusion, 331-Push plate, 332-Delay trajectory groove, 34-Circuit board, 341-Hollow slot, 35-Micro switch. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The following embodiments, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrate specific implementations of the changeover switch of the present invention. The changeover switch of the present invention is not limited to the descriptions in the following embodiments.

[0063] like Figure 1-3As shown in Figures 11 and 22, the changeover switch includes a housing 1, within which a control pole 3 and at least one switch pole 2 are disposed. Typically, there are two switch poles 2. The control pole 3 includes a circuit board 34, a motor 31, and a gear set 32. A controller is disposed on the circuit board 34. The motor 31 is connected to the circuit board 34 and starts or stops according to the control signal output by the controller. The gear set 32 ​​is connected to the output shaft of the motor 31. Each switch pole 2 includes a terminal block 20, a rotating shaft 21, and two sets of contact mechanisms. The terminal block 20 is divided into an input terminal and an output terminal. The rotating shaft 21 is rotatably disposed between the two sets of contact mechanisms. The rotating shaft 21 drives one set of contact mechanisms to close the circuit and the other set of contact mechanisms to open the circuit. Each set of contact mechanisms is connected between an input terminal and an output terminal, so that each set of contact mechanisms is connected to an external power supply through the terminal block 20. That is, one set of contact mechanisms is connected to the main power supply through the terminal block 20 connected to it, and the other set of contact mechanisms is connected to the backup power supply through the terminal block 20 connected to it.

[0064] Each contact mechanism includes a moving contact assembly 22 and a stationary contact group spaced apart. The stationary contact group includes two stationary contacts 23 spaced apart. Each moving contact assembly 22 is connected to the rotating shaft 21 by a linkage 24. The linkage 24 drives the moving contact assembly 22 to move linearly to cooperate with the corresponding stationary contact group. The moving contact assembly 22 includes a contact support 221 and a moving contact 222. The contact support 221 is connected to the rotating shaft 21 through the linkage 24. The moving contact 222 is disposed through the contact support 221, so that both ends of the moving contact 222 extend outside the contact support 221. Both ends of the moving contact 222 are provided with moving contact portions. Each moving contact portion cooperates with a stationary contact 23. A contact spring 223 is provided between the contact support 221 and the moving contact 222. When relative movement occurs between the contact support 221 and the moving contact 222, the contact spring 223 is pressed and produces elastic deformation.

[0065] For ease of description, the direction of movement of the moving contact assembly 22 is taken as the first direction, that is... Figure 2 , 11 The vertical direction is the first direction. Two sets of contact mechanisms are spaced apart in the first direction. The two directions perpendicular to the first direction are the second and third directions. The incoming and outgoing terminals are spaced apart and opposite each other in the second direction. The two stationary contacts 23 in the same stationary contact group are also spaced apart and opposite each other in the second direction. Figure 2 , 11 The left and right directions are the second direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to both the first and second directions. Figure 2 , 11 In the diagram, the third direction is perpendicular to the plane of the paper. Two adjacent switch poles 2 are arranged side by side in the third direction, and the control pole 3 is also arranged side by side with the switch pole 2 in the third direction.

[0066] The improvement of this application is that the switch pole 2 also includes a self-locking member 27 that cooperates with two moving contact assemblies 22 respectively. The moving contact assembly 22 drives the self-locking member 27 to slide and cooperate with the housing 1 in the first direction. When the rotating shaft 21 is rotated, the linkage member 24 of the moving contact assembly 22 connected to the closed position is first pushed by the rotating shaft 21, so that one set of contact mechanisms is first opened and the other set of contact mechanisms is then closed. When one set of contact mechanisms cannot be opened, the self-locking member 27 moves under the drive of the moving contact assembly 22 of the other set of contact mechanisms, so that the contact mechanism that cannot be opened is opened, or the self-locking member 27 is limited by the contact mechanism that cannot be opened, so that the other set of contact mechanisms cannot be closed.

[0067] In this way, when the rotating shaft 21 rotates, it first drives the linkage 24 at the closing position, so that the opening position of the two sets of contact mechanisms is earlier than the closing position. Then, in conjunction with the self-locking component 27, when one set of contact mechanisms cannot open, the self-locking component 27 forces the opening, or the self-locking component 27 cooperates to restrict the closing of the other set of contact mechanisms, ensuring that the two sets of contact mechanisms cannot close at the same time, thus improving the safety of use.

[0068] Specifically, the moving contact assemblies 22 of the two sets of contact mechanisms are driven by the same rotating shaft 21. The rotating shaft 21 adopts a split structure and includes a drive shaft 211. The drive shaft 211 is driven to rotate by the gear set 32 ​​in the control pole 3. The rotation axis of the drive shaft 211 is parallel to the third direction. Two coaxial rotating disks 212 are mounted on the drive shaft 211. Each rotating disk 212 is driven to rotate by the drive shaft 211. During the rotation of the drive shaft 211, one rotating disk 212 is driven to rotate for closing, and the other rotating disk 212 is driven to rotate for opening. Each rotating disk 212 drives the moving contact assembly 22 to move closer to or away from the stationary contact group in a straight line through a linkage 24, thereby realizing the closing and opening of the contact mechanism.

[0069] Furthermore, such as Figure 2-7 As shown, the drive shaft 211 is provided with two opening push parts 2112. During the rotation of the drive shaft 211, before the drive shaft 211 drives the rotating disk 212 at the opening position to rotate for closing, the linkage 24 connected to the moving contact assembly 22 at the closing position is pushed by one of the opening push parts 2112. The linkage 24 and the drive shaft 211 jointly drive the connected rotating disk 212 to rotate in the opening direction. Thus, the rotating disk 212 that rotates for opening is driven before the rotating disk 212 that rotates for closing, thereby realizing that one set of contact mechanisms opens first and the other set of contact mechanisms closes later.

[0070] Furthermore, each moving contact assembly 22 is also connected to a reset elastic element 25. The linkage element 24 connected to the same moving contact assembly 22 and the reset elastic element 25 can cooperate to form a set of drive components. Each set of drive components can switch between the balanced position and the dead position. When a set of drive components turns to the dead position, the connected moving contact assembly 22 is closed. When the drive component is in the dead position, another set of drive components turns to the balanced position, so that the connected moving contact assembly 22 is opened.

[0071] Furthermore, when each set of moving contact assembly 22 is connected to a set of driving components, the drive shaft 211 may not be equipped with a tripping push part 2112. In this case, the two rotating disks 212 drive each other, and with their respective connected driving components, it is also possible to achieve the same result: one set of contact mechanisms trips first, and the other set of contact mechanisms closes later.

[0072] Specifically, rotating the shaft 21 causes one rotating disk 212 to close and another rotating disk 212 to open. The closing motion of one set of drive components is driven by the connected rotating disk 212 in cooperation with the drive shaft 211, and the opening motion of the other set of drive components is driven by the connected rotating disk 212 and the rotating disk 212 that is closing, so that one set of contact mechanisms opens to the position first, and the other set of contact mechanisms closes to the position later.

[0073] Of course, it is also possible to achieve the same result by having one set of contact mechanisms open first and the other set of contact mechanisms close later. For example, the rotating shaft 21 can be formed into an integral structure by connecting two mutually driving rotating disks 212 and drive shaft 211. In this case, the rotating shaft 21 can cooperate with the two sets of drive components.

[0074] Preferred, such as Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figures 11-13, the contact support 221 is provided with a mating part 2212 and a pushing part 2216. In the second direction, the mating part 2212 and the pushing part 2216 correspond to opposite sides of the contact support 221. The self-locking member 27 is provided with an interlocking part 271 corresponding to the mating part 2212. In terms of number, the mating parts 2212 on the contact support 221 correspond one-to-one with the linkage parts. In the first direction, the mating parts 2212 and the moving contact 222 are spaced apart and opposite. The interlocking parts 271... 1 is located between the moving contact 222 and the mating part 2212. Preferably, each end of the self-locking member 27 is provided with an interlocking part 271. Each contact support 221 is provided with at least one mating part 2212. Preferably, the mating part 2212 and the pushing part 2216 are both provided on the edge of the contact support 221. In the first direction, in the same moving contact assembly 22, the moving contact 222, the interlocking part 271 and the mating part 2212 are arranged at intervals in the first direction.

[0075] Specifically, when the distance from the stationary contact group to the rotating shaft 21 is greater than the distance from the moving contact assembly 22 to the rotating shaft 21, that is, when each moving contact assembly 22 moves linearly between the rotating shaft 21 and the stationary contact group, the distance between the interlocking parts 271 of the two sets of contact mechanisms on the self-locking member 27 is greater than the maximum distance between the mating parts 2212 on the two sets of contact mechanisms (the distance between the two mating parts 2212 is the maximum distance when the two sets of contact mechanisms are closed simultaneously). In other words, the mating parts 2212 of the two contact supports 221... The maximum distance between them is less than the distance between the two interlocking parts 271 of the self-locking member 27; when the distance from the stationary contact group to the rotating shaft 21 is less than the distance from the moving contact assembly 22 to the rotating shaft 21, that is, each moving contact assembly 22 moves in a straight line on the side of the stationary contact group away from the rotating shaft 21, the distance between the two interlocking parts 271 of the self-locking member 27 is greater than the minimum distance between the mating parts 2212 of the two contact supports 221 (when the two sets of contact mechanisms are closed at the same time, the distance between the two mating parts 2212 is the minimum distance).

[0076] Preferred, such as Figure 11 , 12 As shown in Figures 14 and 15, in the second direction, at least one side of a set of moving contact assemblies 22 is provided with an energy storage structure 26. The energy storage structure 26 includes a rotatably mounted energy storage element 262. Specifically, the energy storage element 262 is provided with a locking part 2621 and an unlocking part 2622. During the closing movement of the moving contact assembly 22, the moving contact 222 is first limited and locked with the locking part 2621 of the energy storage element 262 and stops the closing movement. The contact support 221 continues to close and triggers the energy storage element 262 to unlock and rotate. That is, at the contact... The pusher 2216 of the support 221 pushes the unlocking part 2622 of the energy storage component 262, causing the energy storage component 262 to unlock and rotate. The energy storage component 262 deforms between the contact support 221, which continues to move in closing motion, and the moving contact 222, which stops moving motion. The moving contact assembly 22, which is unlocked from the energy storage component 262, is driven by the contact spring 223 to quickly close into position. This allows the moving contact 222 to be quickly driven to close after unlocking from the energy storage component 262, improving the closing speed of the contact mechanism and thus extending the service life of the contact mechanism.

[0077] Furthermore, the energy storage device 262 is also equipped with a return spring 263, which drives the energy storage device 262 to reset by the elastic deformation of the return spring 263. The return spring 263 can be a torsion spring that is coaxially and rotatably assembled with the energy storage device 262. One end of the return spring 263 elastically abuts against the energy storage device 262, and the other end is connected to the inner shell 1. Alternatively, the return spring 263 can be a spring segment. In the second direction, the return spring 263 and the energy storage device 262 are arranged side by side, and the two ends of the return spring 263 are elastically connected to the energy storage device 262 and the shell 1, respectively. Preferably, when the return spring 263 is a spring, its elastic deformation direction is parallel to the second direction.

[0078] Furthermore, the energy storage structure 26 also includes a support 261, which includes a receiving cavity 2610 with an opening facing the contact mechanism. The energy storage component 262 is rotatably assembled in the receiving cavity 2610, so that the energy storage structure 26 forms a modular structure, which facilitates its assembly in the outer shell 1.

[0079] like Figure 22 As shown, a micro switch 35 is also provided on the circuit board 34 of the control pole 3. The micro switch 35 is used to provide feedback on the state switching of the two sets of contact mechanisms. A driven delay element 33 is rotatably assembled inside the control pole 3. The driven delay element is driven by a gear in the gear set 32, so that the driven delay element 33 triggers the micro switch 35 after the two sets of contact mechanisms switch between open and closed states, thus avoiding the signal feedback from being earlier than the state switching of the contact mechanism and improving the accuracy of the signal feedback.

[0080] Specifically, a delay structure is provided between one gear in the gear set 32 ​​and the driven member. The delay structure includes a drive plate 322 and a delay track groove 332. The drive plate 322 slides through the delay track groove 332. The drive plate 322 engages with both ends of the delay track groove 332 to drive the driven delay member 33 to rotate. A delay space is reserved between the two ends of the delay track groove 332 for the drive plate 322 to move. Alternatively, the delay structure includes a drive plate 322 and two delay bosses. The drive plate 322 moves between the two delay bosses. Each time, the drive plate 322 engages with one of the delay bosses to drive the driven delay member 33 to rotate. A delay space is reserved between the two delay bosses for the drive plate 322 to move. The delay space corresponds to the idling period of the motor 31. When the drive plate 322 is mounted on the gear, the driven delay member 33 is correspondingly provided with a delay track groove 332 or a delay boss. When the drive plate 322 is mounted on the driven delay member 33, the gear is correspondingly provided with a delay track groove 332 or a delay boss.

[0081] Combination Figure 1-10 17-27 provides a first embodiment of a changeover switch.

[0082] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the changeover switch includes a housing 1, and at least one switch pole 2 is provided inside the housing 1. Each switch pole 2 is provided with a terminal 20. The terminal 20 is divided into an input terminal and an output terminal. The input terminal and the output terminal are spaced apart and opposite to each other in the second direction. Usually, the input terminal and the output terminal are arranged in pairs.

[0083] like Figure 1-3As shown, each switch pole 2 includes two sets of contact mechanisms spaced apart in a first direction. A rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected between the two contact mechanisms. Each set of contact mechanisms includes a moving contact assembly 22 and a stationary contact group spaced apart and opposite each other in the first direction. The moving contact assembly 22 is linked to the rotating shaft 21 through a linkage 24. The rotating shaft 21 drives the moving contact assembly 22 to move along the first direction to cooperate with the stationary contact group. The stationary contact group includes two stationary contacts 23 spaced apart in a second direction. In the same contact mechanism, the distance between each stationary contact 23 and the rotating shaft 21 is greater than the distance between the moving contact assembly 22 and the rotating shaft 21. The moving contact assembly 22 moves linearly between the rotating shaft 21 and the stationary contact group. In this embodiment, the two sets of moving contact assemblies 22 are simultaneously driven by the rotating shaft 21 to move along the first direction, but the two sets of contact mechanisms cannot be connected at the same time. That is, one set of moving contact assemblies 22 is in contact with one set of stationary contacts, and the other set of moving contact assemblies 22 is separated from the other set of stationary contacts.

[0084] like Figure 1-3 As shown in Figures 17-20, the moving contact assembly 22 includes a contact support 221, which is linked to the rotating shaft 21 via a linkage 24. The hinge points of the two linkages 24 and the rotating shaft 21, as well as the axis of the rotating shaft 21, are not collinear. The middle of the contact support 221 is provided with a mounting cavity 2210, in which a moving contact 222 is disposed through. Both ends of the moving contact 222 are provided with moving contact portions and extend beyond the mounting cavity 2210. The stationary contact assembly includes two stationary contacts 23 spaced apart in a second direction. Each stationary contact 23 is provided with a stationary contact portion spaced apart from the moving contact portion. When the rotating shaft 21 drives the two moving contact assemblies 22 to move, in the same contact mechanism, the two moving contact portions of the moving contact 222 respectively contact or separate from the stationary contact portions of the two stationary contacts 23.

[0085] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 , 17As shown in Figure -20, each moving contact 222 includes at least two moving contact bridges 2220. Two adjacent moving contact bridges 2220 are arranged side by side in a third direction. Each moving contact bridge 2220 is disposed through the mounting cavity 2210 in a second direction. Each moving contact bridge 2220 has a moving contact point 2221 at each end. The same end of all moving contact bridges 2220 on the same contact support 221 forms the moving contact portion of the moving contact 222. At this time, each moving contact portion has at least two moving contact points 2221. Correspondingly, the stationary contact 2 The stationary contact portion of 3 is provided with a stationary contact 232 that cooperates with the moving contact 2221. The number of stationary contacts 232 can be one or correspond to the number of moving contacts 2221. In this embodiment, the moving contact 2221 and the stationary contact 232 are spaced apart and opposite each other in the first direction. This structure increases the number of contacts between the moving contact assembly 22 and the stationary contact group, avoids setting two adjacent moving contact bridges 2220 at intervals in the moving direction of the moving contact assembly 22, and saves the space occupied by the moving contact assembly 22 in the housing 1.

[0086] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 , 17 As shown in Figure -20, each contact support 221 has two moving contact bridges 2220 arranged side-by-side within its mounting cavity 2210. A partition 2213 is provided within the mounting cavity 2210, dividing it into two parallel contact cavities in a third-order direction. Each contact cavity contains one moving contact bridge 2220, which extends through the cavity, allowing the two moving contacts 2221 of each bridge to extend outside. Adjacent moving contact bridges 2220 are separated by the partition 2213, ensuring safety during use. Preferably, a locking structure is provided between the contact support 221 and the moving contact bridge 2220. Figure 20 In this design, a snap-fit ​​portion 2222 is provided on the edge of the movable contact bridge 2220, so that the movable contact bridge 2220 is snapped and limited by the snap-fit ​​portion 2222, thereby restricting the relative movement of the movable contact bridge 2220 and the contact support 221 in the second direction, and ensuring the assembly stability of the movable contact bridge 2220 and the contact support 221.

[0087] Furthermore, such as Figure 17 , 18 As shown, each contact cavity is equipped with a contact spring 223. Each contact spring 223 is located on the side of the moving contact bridge 2220 opposite to the stationary contact 23. When the contact support 221 and the moving contact bridge 2220 are relatively displaced in the first direction, the contact spring 223 is pressed and deformed. By setting the contact spring 223, the contact pressure between each moving contact bridge 2220 and the stationary contact 23 can be guaranteed. In the figure, each contact spring 223 is a spring segment.

[0088] Combination Figure 17-20 A moving contact assembly 22 is provided for use in this embodiment.

[0089] like Figure 17-19 As shown, the contact support 221 includes a block-shaped support body. A through groove serving as a mounting cavity 2210 is provided in the middle of the support body. Protruding mating parts 2212 and pushing parts 2216 extend outward from the two side edges of the mounting cavity 2210 along a second direction, respectively. The mating parts 2212 and pushing parts 2216 are located on opposite sides of the support body. A partition 2213 is provided inside the mounting cavity 2210, which divides the mounting cavity 2210 into two relatively independent contact cavities. One end of the support body is provided with a hinge part 2211. A drive hole for hinged connection with the linkage member 24 is provided in the middle of the hinge part 2211. The other end of the support body is provided with a pair of spaced baffles 2215. The support body between the pair of baffles 2215 is provided with a protruding insertion part 2214. The insertion part 2214 can be used to connect the reset elastic member 25. Thus, the reset elastic member 25 and the linkage member 24 together form a drive assembly connected to the moving contact assembly 22.

[0090] like Figure 17 , 20 As shown, each movable contact bridge 2220 includes a strip-shaped contact bridge body. When the movable contact bridge 220 is disposed through the mounting cavity 2210 along the second direction, in the first direction, the movable contact bridge 2220 and the mating part 2212 are spaced apart and opposite each other. In the second direction, both ends of the movable contact bridge 2220 extend beyond the contact support 221. A movable contact 2221 is provided at each end of the contact bridge body, and the movable contact 2221 is located on the same side plate surface of the contact bridge body. Each contact spring 223 is connected to the middle of the contact bridge body. Each movable contact bridge 2220 has a snap-fit ​​part 2222 protruding outward from its edge. Preferably, the snap-fit ​​parts 2222 are arranged in pairs in the middle of the same side of the movable contact bridge 2220. That is, the two snap-fit ​​parts 2222 on the same side are spaced apart in the second direction, and there is a gap between the two snap-fit ​​parts 2222 in the second direction, so that each snap-fit ​​part 2222 is used to snap-fit ​​and connect with the edge of the contact support 221.

[0091] In this embodiment, the stationary contact 23 can adopt existing technology. Typically, the stationary contact 23 includes a stationary contact plate 231. Preferably, as shown in the example... Figure 1-3 As shown, the stationary contact plate 231 is arranged along the corner of the inner edge of the outer casing 1, thereby reducing the space occupied by the stationary contact plate 231. Figure 2In this circuit, one end of the stationary contact plate 231 is arranged along a second direction, and two stationary contacts 232 are arranged side by side in a third direction. Each stationary contact 232 is spaced apart from a moving contact 2221 in a first direction. The middle part of the stationary contact plate 231 can be bent and extended so that the other end of the stationary contact plate 231 moves closer to the adjacent terminal 20. Of course, the contact mechanism in the changeover switch can also adopt existing technology.

[0092] In this embodiment, the two sets of contact mechanisms share a single outgoing terminal. That is, one stationary contact 23 of each of the two sets of contact mechanisms is connected to two different incoming terminals, and the other stationary contact 23 of each of the two sets of contact mechanisms is connected to the same outgoing terminal. Each set of contact mechanisms is also equipped with an arc extinguishing system, which works in conjunction with the contact mechanism to extinguish the arc generated when the contact mechanism breaks. The arc extinguishing system includes an arc extinguishing chamber 28. In the second direction, the arc extinguishing chamber 28 is arranged side by side with the contact mechanism. The two arc extinguishing chambers 28 are located on the same side of the two contact mechanisms. Each arc extinguishing chamber 28 can adopt an existing structure. Each moving contact moves at the arc inlet of an arc extinguishing chamber 28, so that the arc generated by the moving contact and the stationary contact 23 is introduced into the arc extinguishing chamber 28 from the arc inlet.

[0093] like Figure 1-10 As shown, the rotating shaft 21 includes a drive shaft 211, on which two rotating disks 212 are coaxially mounted. Each rotating disk 212 is driven by the drive shaft 211. Each rotating disk 212 is connected to the contact support 221 of the moving contact assembly 22 via a linkage 24. When the rotating shaft 21 rotates, the rotation of the drive shaft 211 drives one rotating disk 212 to rotate in the opening direction and the other rotating disk 212 to rotate in the closing direction. Two opening push parts 2112 are also provided in the middle of the drive shaft 211. Each opening push part 2112 cooperates with two linkages 24. When the drive shaft 211 rotates, one of the opening push parts 2112 first pushes one linkage 24. The linkage 24 and the drive shaft 211 jointly drive one rotating disk 212 to rotate in the opening direction. Subsequently, the drive shaft 211 drives the other rotating disk 212 to rotate in the closing direction, thereby realizing that one of the two sets of contact mechanisms opens first and the other closes later.

[0094] Furthermore, such as Figure 1-5 As shown in Figures 17 and 18, each contact mechanism is also equipped with a reset elastic element 25. The reset elastic element 25 is connected to each contact support 221. Preferably, the reset elastic element 25 is connected to the contact support 221. In this embodiment, the reset elastic element 25 is a spring. The reset elastic element 25 and the linkage element 24 can cooperate to form a driving component for driving the moving contact assembly 22. Each driving component can switch between a dead position and a balanced position. When one driving component is in the dead position, the other driving component is in the balanced position.

[0095] In this embodiment, when the drive assembly is in the dead position, the two hinge points of the linkage 24 and the axis of the rotating disk 212 are collinear, and the axis of the linkage 24 and the axis of the reset elastic member 25 are almost on the same straight line. When the drive assembly is in the equilibrium position, the two hinge points of the linkage 24 and the axis of the rotating disk 212 are not collinear, and the axis of the linkage 24 and the axis of the reset elastic member 25 are set at an angle. Preferably, when the contact mechanism is in the closed position, the drive assembly connected to the moving contact assembly 22 in the closed position is in the dead position, which is beneficial to keep the contact mechanism in the closed position. When the contact mechanism is in the open position, the drive assembly connected to the moving contact assembly 22 in the open position is in the equilibrium position.

[0096] Combination Figure 1-9 A structure for the rotating shaft 21 used in this embodiment is provided.

[0097] like Figure 6-9 As shown, the rotating shaft 21 includes a drive shaft 211 and two rotating disks 212. The drive shaft 211 is cylindrical in shape, with a strip-shaped boss protruding from its circumferential sidewall. A disc-shaped partition 2110 protrudes radially from the middle of the drive shaft 211, making the drive shaft 211 a stepped shaft that is thicker in the middle and thinner at both ends. The partition 2110 divides the strip-shaped boss into two drive sections 2111. Figure 6 , 7 In this configuration, the protrusion height of the strip-shaped boss is less than the protrusion height of the partition 2110; that is, the protrusion height of each drive part 2111 is less than the protrusion height of the partition 2110. Two bosses, serving as tripping push parts 2112, protrude outwards from the two sides of the partition 2110, and the two tripping push parts 2112 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the strip-shaped boss along the circumferential direction of the partition 2110. Figure 7 In the circuit, each tripping push unit 2112 includes a straight sidewall and an arc-shaped wall. The straight sidewall of each tripping push unit 2112 faces one end of the linkage member 24 and drives the linkage member 24 by the straight sidewall of the tripping push unit 2112. The arc-shaped wall of each tripping push unit 2112 faces the drive unit 2111.

[0098] like Figure 4-6As shown in Figures 7-9, each rotating disk 212 is generally circular. A central hole 2120, penetrating both sides, is formed in the middle of the end face of the rotating disk 212. The two ends of the drive shaft 211 pass through the central holes 2120 of the two rotating disks 212 respectively. Of course, the central holes 2120 of the rotating disk 212 may not penetrate the rotating disk 212, in which case one end of the drive shaft 211 is inserted into the central hole 2120. An arc groove is also formed on the end face of the rotating disk 212, which serves as the drive groove 2121. In this embodiment, the drive groove 2121 is located on one side wall of the central hole 2120, so that the side with the smaller diameter of the drive groove 2121 is connected to the central hole 2120. The drive groove 2121, the central hole 2120, and the rotating disk 212 are concentric. The two opposite ends of the drive groove 2121 serve as the closing part 2122 and the stop part 2125, respectively. A drive part 2111 on the drive shaft 211 is located in the drive groove 2121. The drive part 2111 cooperates with the closing part 2122 to drive the rotating disk to perform closing rotation. The drive part 2111 can move between the closing part 2122 and the stop part 2125. The central angle of the drive part 2111 is smaller than the central angle of the drive groove 2121. That is, when the drive part 2111 abuts against the closing part 2122, there is a gap between the drive part 2111 and the stop part 2125.

[0099] like Figure 8 As shown, the circumferential sidewall of the rotating disk 212 protrudes outward to form a connecting portion 2123. The connecting portion 2123 is located on the side away from the drive groove 2121 and is located closer to the stop portion 2125. The connecting portion 2123 has a strip-shaped connecting hole 2124. The through direction of the strip-shaped hole is parallel to the through direction of the central hole 2120. One end of the linkage 24 passes through the connecting hole 2124 and can slide in the connecting hole 2124. When the two rotating disks 212 are assembled on the drive shaft 211, at least one connecting portion 2123 corresponds to the two opening push portions 2112. In this embodiment, the connecting portion 2123 connected to the moving contact assembly 22 located in the closed position is located between the straight sidewalls of the two opening push portions 2112, and the connecting portion 2123 connected to the moving contact in the open position is located between the arc-shaped walls of the two opening push portions 2112.

[0100] A limiting part 11 is also provided inside the outer casing 1. Figure 2 The middle limiting part 11 is an arc-shaped boss. The limiting part 11 is arranged around the side of the rotating shaft 21 opposite to the connecting part 2123. When the rotating shaft 21 is rotated, each connecting part 2123 can cooperate with the limiting part 11 to stop, thereby limiting the rotation when the rotating disk 212 rotates to the open position.

[0101] In this embodiment, as Figure 10As shown, the linkage 24 is a U-shaped rod. One end of the linkage 24 is slidably inserted into the connection hole 2124. One end of the linkage 24 located in the connection hole 2124 extends to the moving trajectory of the tripping push part 2112, and the other end is connected to the moving contact assembly 22. That is, the other end of the linkage 24 passes through the drive hole of the contact support 221.

[0102] Combination Figure 2-4 The process can be briefly described as follows:

[0103] exist Figure 2 , 3 In the middle, the contact mechanism located at the top is the first contact mechanism, and the contact mechanism located at the bottom is the second contact mechanism. Figure 2 , 3 In the circuit, the first contact mechanism opens the circuit and the second contact mechanism closes the circuit. The moving contact assembly 22 in the first contact mechanism is connected to the first linkage member 24, and the moving contact assembly 22 in the second contact mechanism is connected to the second linkage member 24. The two rotating disks 212 of the rotating shaft 21 are respectively divided into the first rotating disk 212 and the second rotating disk 212 according to the first linkage member 24 and the second linkage member 24 connected to it. The circuit breaker pushing part 2112 that cooperates with the first linkage member 24 is the first circuit breaker pushing part, and the circuit breaker pushing part 2112 that cooperates with the second linkage member 24 is the second circuit breaker pushing part.

[0104] like Figure 2 , 4 When the drive shaft 211 rotates to switch the state of the two sets of contact mechanisms, the drive shaft 211 rotates, and the straight side wall of the second opening push part pushes one end of the second linkage 24. As a result, the second rotating disk rotates in the opening direction under the drive of the second opening push part, thereby driving the moving contact assembly 22 in the second contact mechanism to move in the opening direction. At the same time, the second rotating disk rotates a certain distance relative to the first rotating disk until the drive part 2111 moves a certain distance in the drive groove 2121 of the first rotating disk and cooperates with the closing part 2122 of the first rotating disk, thereby pushing the first rotating disk to rotate in the closing direction. The first rotating disk rotating in the closing direction drives the moving contact assembly 22 of the first contact mechanism to move in the closing direction through the first linkage 24, thereby realizing that the second contact mechanism opens first and the first contact mechanism closes later. During the closing rotation of the first rotating disk, the drive part 2111 can move between the stop part 2215 and the closing part 2212 of the second rotating disk.

[0105] Subsequently, when the drive shaft 211 rotates again to switch the state of the two sets of contact mechanisms, the drive shaft 2111 rotates, and the straight side wall of the first opening push part pushes one end of the first linkage 24. As a result, the first rotating disk 212 rotates in the opening direction under the drive of the first opening push part, thereby driving the moving contact assembly 22 in the first contact mechanism to move in the opening direction. At the same time, the first rotating disk rotates a certain distance relative to the second rotating disk until the drive part 2111 moves a certain distance in the drive groove 2121 of the second rotating disk 212 before it can cooperate with the closing part 2122 of the second rotating disk 212, thereby driving the second rotating disk 212 to rotate in the closing direction. The closing rotating second rotating disk 212 drives the moving contact assembly 22 of the second contact mechanism to move in the closing direction through the second linkage 24, thereby realizing that the first contact mechanism opens first and the second contact mechanism closes later. During the closing rotation of the second rotating disk, the drive part 2111 can move between the stop part 2215 and the closing part 2212 of the first rotating disk.

[0106] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figures 5, 11, and 12, in the second direction, a self-locking member 27 is arranged on the same side of the two sets of contact mechanisms and the rotating shaft 21. In the figures, the self-locking member 27 and the arc-extinguishing chamber 28 are located on the same side of the rotating shaft 21. The self-locking member 27 cooperates with the contact support 221 of the two sets of contact mechanisms respectively. The self-locking member 27 is driven by the contact support 221 that moves in the closing direction to move in the housing 1 (shell). When one set of contact mechanisms cannot open, the self-locking member 27 moves under the drive of the contact support 221 of the other set of contact mechanisms, so that the contact mechanism that cannot open opens. Alternatively, the self-locking member 27 is limited by the contact mechanism that cannot open, so that the other set of contact mechanisms cannot close.

[0107] Thus, the self-locking element 27 is driven by the contact support 221, and does not interfere with the operation of the two sets of contact mechanisms during normal opening and closing. When one set of contact mechanisms cannot open, the other set of contact mechanisms is forced to open through the self-locking element 27, thereby ensuring that the two sets of contact mechanisms cannot close simultaneously, improving safety. Alternatively, when one set of contact mechanisms cannot open, and the driving force of the rotating shaft 21 is insufficient to open the contact mechanism that has undergone welding, the contact mechanism that cannot open restricts the movement of the self-locking element 27, preventing the other set of contact mechanisms from closing, which also prevents the two sets of contact mechanisms from closing simultaneously.

[0108] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figure 5, in the second direction, the self-locking member 27 is disposed on the same side of the two sets of contact mechanisms and the rotating shaft 21. The contact support 221 is provided with a mating part 2212, and the self-locking member 27 is provided with an interlocking part 271 corresponding to the mating part 2212. Preferably, in terms of number, the mating parts 2212 and the interlocking parts 271 on the contact support 221 correspond one-to-one. In the first direction, the mating parts 2212 and the moving contact 222 are spaced apart and opposite to each other. The interlocking part 271 is located between the moving contact 222 and the mating part 2212. Preferably, an interlocking part 271 is provided at both ends of the self-locking member 27, and at least one mating part 2212 is provided on each contact support 221.

[0109] In the first direction, when the distance from the stationary contact group to the rotating shaft 21 is greater than the distance from the moving contact assembly 22 to the rotating shaft 21, that is, when each moving contact assembly 22 moves linearly between the rotating shaft 21 and the stationary contact group, the distance between the interlocking portions 271 of the two sets of contact mechanisms on the self-locking member 27 is greater than the maximum distance between the mating portions 2212 on the two sets of contact mechanisms (the distance between the two mating portions 212 is the maximum distance when the two sets of contact mechanisms are closed simultaneously), that is, the mating portions 2212 of the two contact supports 221... The maximum distance between them is less than the distance between the two interlocking parts 271 of the self-locking member 27; when the distance from the stationary contact group to the rotating shaft 21 is less than the distance from the moving contact assembly 22 to the rotating shaft 21, that is, each moving contact assembly 22 moves in a straight line on the side of the stationary contact group away from the rotating shaft 21, the distance between the two interlocking parts 271 of the self-locking member 27 is greater than the minimum distance between the mating parts 2212 of the two contact supports 221 (when the two sets of contact mechanisms are closed at the same time, the distance between the two mating parts 2212 is the minimum distance).

[0110] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figures 5 and 21, the self-locking member 27 has two interlocking portions 271 spaced apart and opposite each other in a first direction. Each interlocking portion 271 cooperates with a contact support 221 in a set of moving contact assemblies 22. Preferably, each contact support 221 has a cooperating portion 2212 that cooperates with the interlocking portion 271. In the first direction, each cooperating portion 2212 is spaced apart and opposite to the moving contact bridge 2220. Each interlocking portion 271 is located between the cooperating portion 2212 and the moving contact bridge 2220. In this embodiment, when the two sets of contact mechanisms are closed at the same time, the distance between the cooperating portions 2212 of the two sets of contact mechanisms is the largest in the first direction. When the two sets of contact mechanisms are opened at the same time, the distance between the cooperating portions 2212 of the two sets of contact mechanisms is the smallest in the first direction. The distance between the two interlocking portions 271 of the self-locking member 27 is less than the maximum distance between the cooperating portions 2212 of the two sets of contact mechanisms.

[0111] Specifically, such as Figure 21As shown, the self-locking component 27 includes a rod-shaped body, with interlocking portions 271 at both ends of the rod-shaped body. In the figure, each interlocking portion 271 can be considered as a rectangular boss structure protruding from one end of the rod-shaped body, making the self-locking component 27 present a U-shaped structure. Each interlocking portion 271 extends between the contact support 221 and the moving contact 222 of the adjacent moving contact assembly 22. The self-locking component 27 has a simple structure and a straight movement trajectory, which can reduce the space occupied in the housing 1.

[0112] like Figure 22-27 As shown, a control electrode 3 is also provided inside the housing 1. The control electrode 3 and the switch electrode 2 are arranged side by side in the third direction. Preferably, the control electrode 3 and the switch electrode 2 are each provided with their own housing. The switch electrode 2 and the control electrode 3 are assembled together through their respective housings to form the housing 1 of the changeover switch. Of course, at least one partition plate is provided inside the housing 1 to divide the space inside the housing 1 into at least two assembly spaces arranged side by side in the third direction. One space is used to assemble the control electrode 3, and the other assembly space is used to assemble the switch electrode 2. Alternatively, the control electrode 3 and at least one switch electrode 2 can also be arranged side by side in the third direction inside the housing 1.

[0113] like Figure 22 As shown, the control pole 3 includes a circuit board 34, a motor 31, a gear set 32, and a driven delay element 33. The circuit board 34 is laid along the inner wall of the housing 1. The gear set 32 ​​and the driven delay element 33 are rotated and stacked on the circuit board 34. That is, in the third direction, the gear set 32 ​​is stacked on the circuit board 34. A micro switch 35 is provided on the side of the circuit board 34 corresponding to the gear set 32. The micro switch 35 is used to provide feedback on the opening and closing status of the two sets of contact mechanisms. The number of micro switches 35 can be two or three. The controller on the circuit board 34 obtains the opening and closing status of the two sets of contact mechanisms according to the status of the micro switches 35. When the driven delay element 33 is driven to rotate by the gear set 32, the driven delay element 33 triggers the button of the micro switch 35. The motor 31 is located near the edge of the housing 1. A clearance area is provided at the position corresponding to the motor 31 to avoid mutual interference between the motor 31 and the circuit board 34.

[0114] In this embodiment, a delay structure is provided between one gear in the gear set 32 ​​and the driven delay member 33. The delay structure includes a drive plate 322 and a delay track groove 332. The drive plate 322 slides through the delay track groove 332, and the driven plate 322 engages with both ends of the delay track groove 332 to drive the driven delay member 33 to rotate. A delay space is reserved between the two ends of the delay track groove 332 for the drive plate 322 to move. Alternatively, the delay structure includes a drive plate 322 and two delay bosses, driving... The drive plate 322 moves between the two delay bosses. Each time, the drive plate 322 engages with one of the delay bosses to drive the driven delay member 33 to rotate. A delay space is reserved between the two delay bosses for the drive plate 322 to move. The delay space corresponds to the idling period of the motor 31. When the drive plate 322 is mounted on the gear, the driven delay member 33 is correspondingly provided with a delay track groove 332 or a delay boss. When the drive plate 322 is mounted on the driven delay member 33, the gear is correspondingly provided with a delay track groove 332 or a delay boss.

[0115] like Figure 24 As shown, the gear set 32 ​​includes at least two meshing gears. One gear serves as a drive gear 321 for driving connection with the rotating shaft 21, while the remaining gears serve as transmission gears. One or more transmission gears mesh between the drive gear 321 and the output shaft of the motor 31. The driven delay element 33 is rotatably assembled and is driven to rotate by one of the gears in the gear set 32, either directly or indirectly. The driven delay element 33 triggers the button of the micro switch 35. Preferably, the driven delay element 33, the drive gear 321, and the rotating shaft 21 are coaxially rotatably assembled, with the driven gear 321 driving the driven delay element 33 to rotate. Both the driven delay element 33 and the rotating shaft 21 are driven by the same drive gear 321, reducing the gear transmission process, which can improve the accuracy of signal feedback and save internal space.

[0116] Specifically, such as Figure 24 , 27 As shown, the drive gear 321 is provided with a drive plate 322, which drives the driven delay member 33 to rotate after a delay. The driven delay member 33 is provided with a push plate 331, which is preferably located at the edge of the driven delay member 33. The push plate 331 triggers the button of the micro switch 35, so that the rotation angle of the drive plate 322 is greater than the rotation angle of the push plate 331, thereby making the travel of the drive plate 322 greater than the travel of the push plate 331. By forming a travel difference between the push plate 331 and the drive plate 322, it is ensured that the rotation of the driven delay member 33 lags behind the rotation of the drive gear 321.

[0117] Preferably, the driven delay member 33 is provided with a delay trajectory groove 332, and the drive plate 322 slides through the delay trajectory groove 332. When the drive plate 322 abuts against both ends of the delay trajectory groove 332, it can drive the driven delay member 33 to rotate. The push plate 331 is located in the middle of the delay trajectory groove 332, which has the advantages of simple structure, small space occupation and convenient cooperation. Of course, the driven delay member 33 can also be provided with two delay bosses instead of the delay trajectory groove 332, so that the drive plate 322 can move between the two delay bosses. When the drive plate 322 abuts against one of the delay bosses, it can drive the driven delay member 33 to rotate. The push plate 331 is still located at the edge of the driven delay member 33 and corresponds to the middle of the movement trajectory of the drive plate 322. However, the cooperation between the delay boss and the drive plate 322 makes the thickness of the driven extension member and the drive gear 321 larger when they are stacked, and occupies more space.

[0118] In this embodiment, the gear set 32 ​​includes a drive gear 321 and multiple transmission gears. The transmission gears can employ existing technology, meshing between the output shaft of the motor 31 and the drive gear 321. The drive gear 321, the driven delay element 33, and the drive shaft 211 of the rotating shaft 21 of the gear set 32 ​​are coaxially rotated and assembled. When the output shaft of the motor 31 rotates, the drive gear 321 drives the drive shaft 211 of the rotating shaft 21 to rotate synchronously. The rotating shaft 21 drives the two sets of contact mechanisms to switch between opening and closing states. A drive plate 322 is provided on the drive gear 321, and the driven delay element 33 has a delay trajectory through which the drive plate 322 slides. When the drive gear 321 is driven to rotate, the delay track groove 332 provides rotation space for the drive plate 322. When the drive plate 322 abuts against both ends of the delay track groove 332, it can drive the driven delay member 33 to rotate. This realizes that the driven delay member 33 is driven by the drive gear 321 for a delay. The driven delay member 33 is provided with a push plate 331 for triggering the micro switch 35. The push plate 331 is located at the edge of the driven delay member 33 and corresponds to the middle of the delay track groove 332. This makes the movement stroke of the push plate 331 less than the movement stroke of the drive plate 322, so as to avoid the micro switch 35 being triggered when the gear set 32 ​​just starts to rotate.

[0119] like Figure 23 As shown, the circuit board 34 has a hollow slot 341, the micro switch 35 is disposed on one side of the hollow slot 341, and the driven delay element 33 is rotatably assembled in the hollow slot 341 of the circuit board 34. Furthermore, the circuit board 34 can also have a clearance area at the position corresponding to the motor 31, thereby avoiding interference between the driven delay element 33 and the motor 31 during operation.

[0120] Combination Figure 22 , 24-26 A driven delay element 33 is provided for application in this embodiment. The driven delay element 33 includes an annular body 330. The through hole of the annular body 330 is used for coaxial assembly with a gear of the gear set 32. That is, the annular body 330 is coaxially assembled with the drive gear 321. A portion of the edge of one end of the annular body 330 extends axially and then protrudes radially outward to form an arc-shaped protrusion 3302. The arc-shaped protrusion 3302 partially surrounds one side of the annular body 330 and forms a stepped structure of the driven delay element 33 in the axial direction. The arc-shaped protrusion 3302 has an arc-shaped delay trajectory groove 332, and the delay trajectory groove 332 is concentric with the through hole of the annular body 330. The middle edge of the arc-shaped protrusion 3302 is provided with a push plate 331 for triggering the micro switch 35. The push plate 331 extends axially in a direction away from the annular body 330.

[0121] Combination Figure 27 A drive gear 321 is provided for use in this embodiment. The drive gear 321 includes a gear body. A gear portion 3211 is provided on the circumferential sidewall of the gear body. Two round shaft portions 3212 are formed by protruding from the center of the gear body along the axial direction to opposite sides. The two round shaft portions 3212 are mainly used to support the drive gear 321 to rotate. One of the round shaft portions 3212 is also used to drive the rotating shaft 21 to rotate. It is provided with a square shaft hole for connecting the rotating shaft 21. The other round shaft portion 3212 is rotated and assembled through the through hole of the driven delay member 33. A drive plate 322 is provided on the edge of the gear body away from the gear portion 3211. The drive plate 322 extends axially away from the rotating shaft 21 to drive the driven delay member 33. That is, the drive plate 322 slides through the delay track groove 332 and drives the driven delay member 33 to rotate through the delay track groove 332.

[0122] Combination Figure 11-27 A second embodiment of the changeover switch is provided.

[0123] like Figure 11 As shown, the changeover switch includes a housing 1, and at least one switch pole 2 is provided inside the housing 1. The switch pole 2 is provided with a terminal block 20, two sets of contact mechanisms and a rotating shaft 21. The terminal block 20 and the two sets of contact mechanisms adopt the structure of the first embodiment. The moving contact assembly 22 of each set of contact mechanisms is connected to the same driving assembly as in the first embodiment. That is, each contact support 221 is connected to a reset elastic member 25 and a linkage member 24.

[0124] In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 21 is rotatably disposed between two sets of contact mechanisms. The rotation axis of the rotating shaft 21 is parallel to a third direction. The rotating shaft 21 is connected to the hinge portion 2211 of a contact support 221 through the linkage 24. The rotating shaft 21 can be a single integral structure. Of course, the rotating shaft 21 in this embodiment preferably adopts the same split structure as in the first embodiment.

[0125] In this embodiment, as Figure 11 , 12 As shown, each switch pole 2 may also be configured with the same self-locking element 27 and arc extinguishing system as in the first embodiment.

[0126] Unlike the first embodiment, at least one energy storage structure 26 is also configured inside the switch electrode 2, such as... Figure 11 , 12 As shown, in the second direction, the energy storage structure 26 is disposed on one side of a contact mechanism. In the second direction, the energy storage structure 26 and the moving contact assembly 22 are arranged side by side, and the energy storage structure 26 and the arc-extinguishing chamber 28 correspond to opposite sides of the contact mechanism. The energy storage structure 26 includes a rotatably assembled energy storage component 262. The energy storage component 262 is provided with a locking part 2621 and an unlocking part 2622. The thickness of the locking part 2621 in the third direction is greater than the width of one end of a moving contact bridge 2220. When there are two or more moving contact bridges 2220, preferably, the thickness of the locking part 2621 in the third direction is greater than or equal to the sum of the widths of the same end of all moving contact bridges 2220. This facilitates the cooperation between the locking part 2621 and all moving contact bridges 2220, increases the cooperation area between the moving contact bridge 2220 and the locking part 2621, and improves the cooperation stability between the moving contact 222 and the energy storage component 262.

[0127] Specifically, in the first direction, the energy storage component 262 can be rotatably disposed on one side of the contact mechanism, and the contact support 221 can continue to move to trigger the energy storage component 262 to unlock and rotate. Alternatively, the energy storage component 262 can be slidably disposed on one side of the contact mechanism, and the contact support 221 can continue to move to trigger the energy storage component to unlock and move.

[0128] During the closing movement of the moving contact assembly 22, the moving contact 222 is first locked to the locking part 2621 of the energy storage element 262 and the closing movement stops. The contact support 221 continues to move in the closing direction under the drive of the rotating shaft 21. However, the edge of the contact support 221 is provided with a pushing part 2216, which pushes the unlocking part 2622 to rotate in the unlocking direction. During this process, the relative movement between the moving contact 222 and the contact support 221 causes the contact spring 223 to undergo elastic deformation. As the contact support 221 moves in the closing direction, the contact support 221 triggers the energy storage element 262 to unlock and rotate, so that the moving contact 222 and the energy storage element 262 are released from the limit lock. When the moving contact 222 and the energy storage element 262 are separated, the contact spring 223 releases energy and drives the moving contact 222 to move the contact support 221 in the closing direction, that is, to make the moving contact assembly 222 close in place quickly.

[0129] In this embodiment, as Figure 11-15As shown, the energy storage structure 26 also includes a reset spring 263, which drives the energy storage component 262 to reset. That is, when the energy storage component 262 is driven to the unlocked position, the reset spring 263 is pressed to store energy. In other words, when the contact mechanism is closed, the reset spring 263 is in the energy storage state. When the energy storage component 262 separates from the contact support 221, that is, during the opening movement of the moving contact assembly 22, when the contact support 221 separates from the energy storage component 262... The energy storage component 262 is reset by releasing energy from the return spring 263. The return spring 263 can be a torsion spring that is coaxially rotatably assembled with the energy storage component 262, or it can be a section of spring connected to the energy storage component 262. Furthermore, the energy storage component 262 is also equipped with a bracket 261. The energy storage component 262 is rotatably assembled on the bracket 261, so that the energy storage component 262 and the bracket 261 can form a modular structure, which makes it convenient to assemble the energy storage structure 26 as a whole on one side of the moving contact assembly 22.

[0130] In addition, such as Figure 16 As shown, the energy storage component 262 is also provided with at least one positioning part 2623. The positioning part 2623 cooperates with the bracket 261 to limit the rotation range of the energy storage component 262. Typically, the positioning part 2623 can be located on the side of the energy storage component 262 facing away from the moving contact assembly 22. Of course, the positioning part 2623 can also be located at other positions of the energy storage component 262 to limit the swing amplitude. In addition, the positioning part 2623 is preferably a boss structure. The positioning part 2623 can be connected to the return spring 263 to drive the energy storage component 262 to return to its original position. Of course, by providing a boss or groove structure in the switch pole 2 that cooperates with the positioning part 2623, the rotation range of the energy storage component 262 is limited by the cooperation of the boss or groove with the positioning part 262. That is, when the positioning part 2623 abuts against the boss or groove, the rotation of the energy storage component 262 is limited.

[0131] Combination Figure 11-13 16 provides the first type of energy storage structure 26 used in this embodiment.

[0132] like Figure 11-13As shown, the energy storage structure includes an energy storage component 262 and a return spring 263. The energy storage component 262 is rotatably mounted on one side of each set of contact mechanisms, and the two energy storage structures are located on the same side of the two sets of contact mechanisms. The energy storage component 262 includes a cylindrical rotating part with a shaft hole in the middle. The rotating part extends radially outward to form a rod-shaped unlocking part 2622. The other side of the rotating part extends outward to form an approximately straight rod-shaped limiting arm, and a gap is left between the limiting arm and the unlocking part 2622. The extension length of the limiting arm is greater than the length of the unlocking part 2622. The end of the limiting arm is bent towards the side where the unlocking part 2622 is located to form a hook-shaped locking part 2621. In this embodiment, the width of the limiting arm is greater than or equal to the axial width of the rotating part, thereby making the thickness of the locking part 2621 in the third direction greater than or equal to the sum of the widths of one end of all the moving contact bridges 2220, which facilitates the locking part 2621 to be locked to one end of all the moving contact bridges 2220 in the moving contact 222. A positioning part 2623 protrudes from the side of the limiting arm opposite to the unlocking part 2622. Figure 11 , 15 In the middle, the positioning part 2623 is a circular boss, and a return spring 263 is connected to the positioning part 2623. The other end of the return spring 263 is connected to the inside of the outer casing 1. Figure 11-13 In the middle, the return spring 263 undergoes elastic deformation along a direction parallel to the second direction, thereby driving the limit arm to swing.

[0133] Combination Figure 14-16 A second energy storage structure 26 is provided for use in this embodiment.

[0134] like Figure 14-16 As shown, the energy storage structure 26 includes a bracket 261, which has an overall U-shaped structure, giving it an open cavity 2610 facing the contact mechanism. The cavity 2610 has a pair of sidewall shaft holes, in which a mounting shaft 264 is provided for rotating and assembling the energy storage component 262. Preferably, one sidewall has a circular boss protruding at the corresponding shaft hole. The protrusion height of the circular boss can compensate for the gap between the energy storage component 262 and the cavity 2610, preventing the energy storage component 262 from generating excessive shaking in the cavity 2610 during rotation. The sidewall of the cavity 2610 opposite to the open has a positioning groove. In this embodiment, the positioning groove is a circular groove. The positioning groove is used to cooperate with the positioning part 2623 provided on the energy storage component 262 to limit the swing range of the energy storage component 262.

[0135] like Figure 15 , 16As shown, the energy storage component 262 is similar in structure to the energy storage component 262 in the first energy storage structure. The energy storage component 262 includes a cylindrical rotating part with a shaft hole in the middle. The rotating part extends radially outward to form a rod-shaped unlocking part 2622. The other side of the rotating part extends outward to form an approximately straight rod-shaped limiting arm, and there is a gap between the limiting arm and the unlocking part 2622. The extension length of the limiting arm is greater than the length of the unlocking part 2622. The end of the limiting arm is bent toward the side where the unlocking part 2622 is provided to form a hook-shaped locking part 2621. In this embodiment, the limiting arm is formed by extending from the rotating part toward the moving contact 222. The width of the limiting arm is greater than or equal to the axial width of the rotating part, thereby making the thickness of the locking part 2621 in the third direction greater than or equal to the sum of the widths of one end of all the moving contact bridges 2220, which is beneficial for the locking part 2621 to be limited and locked to one end of all the moving contact bridges 2220 in the moving contact 222. A positioning part 2623 protrudes from the side of the limiting arm opposite to the unlocking part 2622. Figure 16 In the middle, the positioning part 2623 is a circular boss. When the positioning part 2623 is engaged with the positioning groove of the bracket 261, the energy storage component 262 stops rotating, thereby limiting its swing range.

[0136] Of course, when the bracket 261 is U-shaped, the side wall of the receiving cavity 2610 opposite to the opening and the limiting arm can cooperate to limit the swing range of the energy storage component 262. In addition, when the energy storage structure 26 is not equipped with the bracket 261, the positioning groove that cooperates with the positioning part 2623 can be provided on the fixed part inside the outer shell 1. Of course, a return spring 263 can also be connected to the positioning part 2623, in which case the return spring 263 is connected between the positioning part 2623 and the positioning groove.

[0137] In addition, such as Figure 22-27 As shown, the switch in this embodiment can also be configured with the same control pole 3 as in the first embodiment.

[0138] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship conventionally placed during use. They are used only for ease of description and do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating relative importance.

[0139] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A changeover switch, comprising a housing (1) and a switch electrode (2) disposed within the housing (1), wherein the switch electrode (2) comprises a rotating shaft (21) and two sets of contact mechanisms, the rotating shaft (21) being rotatably disposed between the two sets of contact mechanisms, the rotating shaft (21) driving one set of contact mechanisms to close and the other set of contact mechanisms to open, each set of contact mechanisms comprising a moving contact assembly (22) and a stationary contact assembly spaced apart, each moving contact assembly (22) being connected to the rotating shaft (21) by a linkage member (24), the linkage member (24) driving the moving contact assembly (22) to move along a first direction to cooperate with the corresponding stationary contact assembly. Its features are: The switch electrode (2) also includes a self-locking member (27) that cooperates with two moving contact assemblies (22) respectively. The moving contact assembly (22) drives the self-locking member (27) to slide in cooperation with the outer shell (1) along the first direction. Rotating the shaft (21) first pushes the linkage (24) of the moving contact assembly (22) connected to the closed position, causing one set of contact mechanisms to open first, and then the other set of contact mechanisms to close. When one set of contact mechanisms fails to open, the self-locking member (27) moves under the drive of the moving contact assembly (22) of the other set of contact mechanisms, causing the contact mechanism that cannot open to be opened, or the self-locking member (27) is limited by the contact mechanism that cannot open, so that the other set of contact mechanisms cannot close.

2. The changeover switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (21) includes a drive shaft (211), on which two rotating disks (212) are coaxially mounted. Each rotating disk (212) is driven by the drive shaft (211) to rotate for opening and closing. The linkage (24) is connected between a moving contact assembly (22) and a rotating disk (212). The drive shaft (211) is provided with two opening push parts (2112). Before the drive shaft (211) drives the rotating disk (212) at the opening position to rotate for closing, the linkage (24) connected to the moving contact assembly (22) at the closing position is pushed by one of the opening push parts (2112).

3. The changeover switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive shaft (211) has a partition (2110) in the middle, which separates two rotating disks (212) so that the two ends of the drive shaft (211) are respectively driven and connected to the two rotating disks (212). The edge of the partition (2110) protrudes outward to form two opening push parts (2112).

4. The changeover switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive shaft (211) has a strip-shaped boss in the middle, and the protrusion height of the strip-shaped boss is less than the protrusion height of the partition (2110). The partition (2110) divides the strip-shaped boss into two drive parts (2111), and each drive part (2111) cooperates with the drive groove (2121) opened on the rotating disk (212).

5. The changeover switch according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that: Each moving contact assembly (22) is also provided with a reset elastic element (25). The linkage element (24) connected to the same moving contact assembly (22) and the reset elastic element (25) form a set of driving components. The driving components switch between the balanced position and the dead position. When one set of driving components turns to the dead position, the connected moving contact assembly (22) is closed. When the other set of driving components turns to the balanced position, the connected moving contact assembly (22) is opened.

6. The changeover switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: At the dead point position, the two hinge points of the linkage (24) and the axis of the rotating disk (212) are collinear. At the equilibrium position, the two hinge points of the linkage (24) and the axis of the rotating disk (212) are not collinear. The axis of the reset elastic member (25) passes through the axis of the rotating disk (212).

7. The changeover switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving contact assembly (22) includes a moving contact (222) and a contact support (221). The moving contact (222) is disposed through the contact support (221). The contact support (221) is provided with a mating part (2212) and a pushing part (2216). The mating part (2212) and the pushing part (2216) are respectively located on opposite sides of the contact support (221). The self-locking member (27) is provided with an interlocking part (271) corresponding to the mating part (2212). In the same moving contact assembly (22), the moving contact (222), the interlocking part (271) and the mating part (2212) are arranged at intervals in a first direction.

8. The changeover switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the first direction, the maximum distance between the mating parts (2212) of the two sets of contact mechanisms is less than the distance between the interlocking parts (271) of the corresponding two sets of contact mechanisms.

9. The changeover switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The self-locking member (27) includes a rod-shaped body, and interlocking parts (271) are respectively provided at both ends of the rod-shaped body. Each interlocking part (271) extends between the contact support (221) and the moving contact (222) of the adjacent moving contact assembly (22). When the contact support (221) moves to close, it pushes the interlocking part (271) to make the self-locking member (27) move along the first direction.

10. The changeover switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: A contact spring (223) is provided between the moving contact (222) and the contact support (221). The contact spring (223) undergoes elastic deformation along a first direction when the moving contact (222) and the contact support (221) move relative to each other.

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