A compact quad-mode quad-port antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a compact four-mode four-port antenna, and belongs to the antenna field. The compact four-mode four-port antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a metal ground plate and a third dielectric substrate which are sequentially stacked, the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate is provided with a segmented annular metal patch, the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate is provided with a circular metal patch, and the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate is provided with a microstrip feed line and a solder pad. The four-mode four-port antenna further comprises a first metal column, a second metal column and a third metal column, the segmented annular metal patch is electrically connected with the microstrip feed line through the first metal column, the circular metal patch is electrically connected with the microstrip feed line through the second metal column, and the solder pad is electrically connected with the metal ground plate through the third metal column. The circular metal patch is used for realizing three polarized radiation modes, and the segmented annular metal patch is used for realizing a fourth polarized radiation mode, so that the manufacturing demand of miniaturization and integration of communication equipment can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to a compact four-mode four-port antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication, people have increasingly higher requirements for antenna transmission rate and reliability. Compared with single-polarized antennas, multi-mode multi-port antennas have higher channel capacity and can also reduce multipath fading effects. Therefore, multi-mode multi-port antennas have broader application prospects in 5G communication, satellite communication and other fields.

[0003] Currently, most common four-mode four-port antennas adopt a three-dimensional structure design, which includes horizontally polarized radiation elements and vertically polarized radiation elements. The horizontally polarized radiation elements and vertically polarized radiation elements are orthogonally distributed, so that dual-polarized radiation in the horizontal and vertical directions can be achieved. However, such four-mode four-port antennas are relatively large in size, which makes it difficult to meet the manufacturing requirements of miniaturization and integration of communication equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a compact four-mode four-port antenna. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: The present invention provides a compact quad-mode quad-port antenna, comprising a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a metal ground plane and a third dielectric substrate stacked in sequence. The upper surface of the first dielectric substrate is provided with a segmented annular metal patch, the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate is provided with a circular metal patch, and the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate is provided with a microstrip feed line and a pad. The quad-mode four-port antenna also includes a first metal post, a second metal post, and a third metal post. The segmented ring-shaped metal patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line through the first metal post, the circular metal patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line through the second metal post, and the pad is electrically connected to the metal ground plane through the third metal post. Circular metal patches are used to achieve three polarization radiation modes, and segmented annular metal patches are used to achieve a fourth polarization radiation mode.

[0005] In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of arc-shaped gaps are provided on the circular metal patch, the plurality of arc-shaped gaps are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the circular metal patch, and the axis of each arc-shaped gap is collinear with the axis of the circular metal patch.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of arc-shaped slits divide the circular metal patch into an inner circle and an outer ring, and there is a connecting part between two adjacent arc-shaped slits, and the inner circle is connected to the outer ring through the connecting part; The circular metal patch also has multiple annular slots, which are located on the outer ring and correspond to the connecting part.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the segmented annular metal patch includes multiple arc-shaped segments distributed sequentially along its circumference. Each arc-shaped segment includes multiple arc-shaped pieces distributed at intervals, and the axis of each arc-shaped piece is collinear with the axis of the circular metal patch.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, a cylindrical through hole is provided at the center of the first dielectric substrate, and the axis of the cylindrical through hole and the axis of the circular metal patch are on the same straight line.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, a circular hole is provided on the metal floor to prevent short circuit between the first metal post and the second metal post.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first through hole is provided on the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, the metal ground plate, and the third dielectric substrate, and a first metal pillar is sequentially inserted into the first through hole of the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, the metal ground plate, and the third dielectric substrate.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, a second through hole is provided on the second dielectric substrate, the metal ground plate, and the third dielectric substrate, and a second metal pillar is sequentially inserted into the second through hole of the second dielectric substrate, the metal ground plate, and the third dielectric substrate.

[0012] In one embodiment of the invention, a patch resistor is provided on the microstrip feed line to improve the isolation between multiple ports of the antenna.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the microstrip feeder is one of Wilkinson microstrip power divider feeder, T-type microstrip power divider feeder, and coplanar waveguide power divider feeder.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the above-described scheme of this application, the quad-mode four-port antenna includes a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a metal ground plane, and a third dielectric substrate stacked sequentially. The upper surface of the first dielectric substrate has a segmented annular metal patch, the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate has a circular metal patch, and the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate has a microstrip feed line and a pad. The quad-mode four-port antenna also includes a first metal pillar, a second metal pillar, and a third metal pillar. The segmented annular metal patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line through the first metal pillar, the circular metal patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line through the second metal pillar, and the pad is electrically connected to the metal ground plane through the third metal pillar. The circular metal patch is used to implement three polarization radiation modes, and the segmented annular metal patch is used to implement a fourth polarization radiation mode. Using this structure, three polarization radiation modes are implemented through the circular metal patch, and a fourth polarization radiation mode is implemented through the segmented annular metal patch, thereby achieving radiation in four polarization directions. Compared to the existing four-mode four-port antenna structure, the above-mentioned solution in this application uses sheet-like circular metal patches and segmented ring metal patches for communication. The overall structure is smaller in size and has a higher degree of integration, which can meet the manufacturing requirements of miniaturization and integration of communication equipment.

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of the four-mode four-port antenna in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the four-mode four-port antenna in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the explosion of the four-mode four-port antenna in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is the explosion of the four-mode four-port antenna in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a top view of the four-mode four-port antenna in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the four-mode four-port antenna in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the reflection coefficient of the four-mode four-port antenna in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a simulation diagram of the isolation of the four-mode four-port antenna in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of the current omnidirectional mode obtained by 10.4GHz simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 10This is the H-plane radiation pattern of the current omnidirectional mode obtained by 10.4GHz simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 11 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of the magnetohydrodynamic omnidirectional mode obtained by 10.4GHz simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 12 This is the H-plane radiation pattern of the magnetohydrodynamic omnidirectional mode obtained by 10.4GHz simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 13 This refers to the E-plane direction of the primary mode side-fire mode obtained from the simulation at 10.4 GHz using a four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 14 The H-plane direction of the dominant mode side-fire mode obtained from the simulation at 10.4 GHz using the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 15 This refers to the E-plane direction of the primary mode side-fire mode obtained from the simulation at 10.4 GHz using a four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 16 The H-plane direction of the dominant mode side-fire mode obtained from the simulation at 10.4 GHz using the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 .

[0017] Reference numerals: 1-First dielectric substrate, 2-Second dielectric substrate, 3-Metal ground plane, 4-Third dielectric substrate, 5-Segmented annular metal patch, 6-Circular metal patch, 61-Arc-shaped gap, 62-Annular gap, 7-Microstrip feed line, 8-Pad, 9-First metal pillar, 10-Second metal pillar, 11-Third metal pillar, 12-Cylindrical through-hole, 13-Surface mount resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0019] Please see Figures 1 to 16This invention provides a compact quad-mode four-port antenna, comprising a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, a metal ground plane 3, and a third dielectric substrate 4 stacked sequentially. The upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a segmented annular metal patch 5, the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 2 is provided with a circular metal patch 6, and the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate is provided with a microstrip feed line 7 and a pad 8. The quad-mode four-port antenna also includes a first metal pillar 9, a second metal pillar 10, and a third metal pillar 11. The segmented annular metal patch 5 is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line 7 via the first metal pillar 9, the circular metal patch 6 is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line 7 via the second metal pillar 10, and the pad 8 is electrically connected to the metal ground plane 3 via the third metal pillar 11. The circular metal patch 6 is used to implement three polarization radiation modes, and the segmented annular metal patch 5 is used to implement a fourth polarization radiation mode.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, the first metal pillar 9 passes through the first dielectric substrate 1, the second dielectric substrate 2, the metal ground plane 3, and the third dielectric substrate 4 in sequence, so that the segmented annular metal patch 5 is electrically connected to the metal ground plane 3 and the microstrip feed line 7; the second metal pillar 10 passes through the second dielectric substrate 2, the metal ground plane 3, and the third dielectric substrate 4 in sequence, so that the circular metal patch 6 is electrically connected to the metal ground plane 3 and the microstrip feed line 7; the third metal pillar 11 passes through the third dielectric substrate 4, so that the pad 8 is connected to the metal ground plane 3, thereby short-circuiting the pad 8.

[0021] In some embodiments of this application, the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are connected by adhesive bonding, the second dielectric substrate 2 and the metal ground plane 3 are connected by adhesive bonding, and the metal ground plane 3 and the third dielectric substrate 4 are connected by adhesive bonding.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, the first metal pillar 9 can serve to power the segmented annular metal patch 5 and balance the balun. The second metal pillar 10 can serve to power the circular metal patch 6 and adjust the resonant frequency. The third metal pillar 11 can serve to short-circuit the pad 8.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, pad 8 is an SMP (Sub-Miniature Push-on) pad.

[0024] In some embodiments of this application, the four polarization radiation modes are vertical, horizontal, +45° and -45° polarization radiation modes, respectively.

[0025] In the above-described scheme of this application, the quad-mode four-port antenna includes a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, a metal ground plane 3, and a third dielectric substrate 4 stacked sequentially. The upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a segmented annular metal patch 5, the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 2 is provided with a circular metal patch 6, and the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate 4 is provided with a microstrip feed line 7 and a pad 8. The quad-mode four-port antenna also includes a first metal pillar 9, a second metal pillar 10, and a third metal pillar 11. The segmented annular metal patch 5 is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line 7 via the first metal pillar 9, the circular metal patch 6 is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line 7 via the second metal pillar 10, and the pad 8 is electrically connected to the metal ground plane 3 via the third metal pillar 11. The circular metal patch 6 is used to implement three polarization radiation modes, and the segmented annular metal patch 5 is used to implement a fourth polarization radiation mode. Using this structure, three polarization radiation modes are implemented through the circular metal patch 6, and a fourth polarization radiation mode is implemented through the segmented annular metal patch 5, thereby achieving radiation in four polarization directions. Compared to the existing four-mode four-port antenna structure, the above-mentioned solution in this application uses a sheet-like circular metal patch 6 and a segmented ring metal patch 5 for communication. The overall structure is smaller in size and has a higher degree of integration, which can meet the manufacturing requirements of miniaturization and integration of communication equipment.

[0026] It is understandable that the above-mentioned solution of this application can achieve the resonant frequency overlap of the three polarization radiation modes through the circular metal patch 6, and the antenna can be miniaturized through a microstrip patch antenna. Simultaneously, the last polarization radiation mode can be achieved using the segmented ring metal patch 5, thus realizing a compact four-mode four-port antenna element. Furthermore, the four-mode four-port antenna of this application has a complete grounding structure and a small overall size. The overall antenna structure is relatively simple, easy to process and manufacture, and significantly reduces the cost of the antenna.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a circular metal patch 6 has multiple arc-shaped slots 61 arranged sequentially along the circumference of the circular metal patch 6, and the axis of each arc-shaped slot 61 is collinear with the axis of the circular metal patch 6. This structure, by setting multiple arc-shaped slots 61 on the circular metal patch 6, reduces the resonant frequency of the antenna, thereby achieving the coincidence of the resonant frequencies of the three polarization radiation modes and ensuring that the circular metal patch 6 can achieve three polarization radiation modes. Furthermore, the multiple arc-shaped slots 61 on the circular metal patch 6 are distributed sequentially along the circumference and collinear with the patch axis, so that the parallel capacitance effect introduced by each slot is symmetrically distributed on the patch surface, thus maintaining the polarization purity of the radiation field while reducing the resonant frequency of higher-order modes. This slot layout effectively extends the current path of higher-order modes, enabling miniaturization of the circular metal patch 6, and allowing the resonant frequencies of the three polarization modes to tend to be consistent within a small size, without the need to increase the patch radius or use a complex feeding network.

[0028] In some embodiments of this application, an arc-shaped slit 61 is provided through the circular metal patch 6 along a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the circular metal patch 6. Along the circumference of the circular metal patch 6, there is a gap between two adjacent arc-shaped slits 61, and the multiple arc-shaped slits 61 are of the same size.

[0029] In some embodiments of this application, the circular metal patch 6 is provided with four arc-shaped gaps 61, and the four arc-shaped gaps 61 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the circular metal patch 6.

[0030] In some embodiments of this application, the resonant frequency of higher-order modes can be effectively reduced by adjusting the width and position of the arc-shaped slit 61.

[0031] In some embodiments of this application, multiple arc-shaped gaps 61 divide the circular metal patch 6 into an inner circle and an outer ring. A connecting portion exists between adjacent arc-shaped gaps 61, connecting the inner circle to the outer ring. The circular metal patch 6 also has multiple annular gaps 62, located on the outer ring and corresponding to the connecting portion. With this structure, multiple arc-shaped gaps 61 divide the circular metal patch 6 into an inner circle and an outer ring, while maintaining a connecting portion between adjacent arc-shaped gaps 61 to ensure continuity of current on the patch surface and prevent electrical isolation between the inner circle and the outer ring. Simultaneously, the annular gaps 62 on the outer ring can introduce a capacitive effect at the power supply end to improve impedance matching at the port.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, a plurality of annular slits 62 are of equal size and are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the circular metal patch 6.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the circular metal patch 6 is further provided with four annular gaps 62, which correspond to four connecting portions.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, the segmented annular metal patch 5 includes multiple arc-shaped segments arranged sequentially along its circumference. Each arc-shaped segment includes multiple spaced-apart arc-shaped pieces, and the axis of each arc-shaped piece is collinear with the axis of the circular metal patch 6. This structure enables the current on the segmented annular metal patch 5 to form multiple in-phase current loops along the circumference. The gaps between the arc-shaped pieces suppress out-of-phase current components, thus effectively representing multiple co-directional radiation units. The collinearity of the axis of each arc-shaped piece with the axis of the circular metal patch 6 ensures that the radiation field generated by each piece has a consistent polarization direction in the far-field region.

[0035] It is understood that the compact four-mode four-port antenna proposed in this application uses a segmented ring-shaped metal patch to facilitate the formation of a current loop with in-phase distribution. By setting an arc-shaped gap 61 and a second metal pillar 10 on the circular metal patch 6, the frequency of the omnidirectional radiation of the higher-order mode of the circular metal patch 6 can be shifted to a lower frequency and the resonant frequency of the side-emitting main mode can be shifted to a higher frequency, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the antenna and the coincidence of the resonant frequencies of the two operating modes.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, the spacing between two adjacent arc-shaped sheets is smaller than the spacing between two adjacent arc-shaped segments. The gap between two adjacent arc-shaped segments corresponds to the annular gap 62.

[0037] In some embodiments of this application, the segmented annular metal patch 5 includes four arc-shaped segments distributed sequentially along its circumference, and each arc-shaped segment includes two spaced arc-shaped pieces.

[0038] Understandably, compared with existing methods that use multiple antenna combinations or a single dielectric resonator antenna to achieve a four-mode four-port antenna, the four-mode four-port antenna of this application integrates all structures on a single PCB board (Printed Circuit Board), resulting in a simpler structure, lower cost, and easier processing and integration.

[0039] It is understandable that the quad-mode quad-port antenna of this application has a complete grounded metal ground plane 3, which has a wide range of applications in practical use.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a cylindrical through-hole 12 is provided at the center of the first dielectric substrate 1, and the cylindrical through-hole 12 corresponds to the circular metal patch 6. This structure can reduce the influence of the first dielectric substrate 1 on the radiation performance of the circular metal patch 6.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the diameter of the cylindrical through hole 12 is larger than the diameter of the circular metal patch 6, and the axis of the cylindrical through hole 12 and the axis of the circular metal patch 6 are on the same straight line.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the metal floor 3 is provided with circular holes to prevent short circuits between the first metal post 9 and the second metal post 10. This structure avoids short circuits caused by contact between the power supply portions of the first metal post 9 and the second metal post 10 and the metal floor 3.

[0043] In some embodiments of this application, a first through-hole is provided on the first dielectric substrate 1, the second dielectric substrate 2, the metal ground plane 3, and the third dielectric substrate 4. A first metal pillar 9 is sequentially inserted into the first through-hole of the first dielectric substrate 1, the second dielectric substrate 2, the metal ground plane 3, and the third dielectric substrate 4. With this structure, the first through-hole penetrates the first dielectric substrate 1, the second dielectric substrate 2, the metal ground plane 3, and the third dielectric substrate 4, providing a physical channel for the first metal pillar 9 to pass through each layer. The first metal pillar 9, sequentially inserted into the first through-hole of each layer, directly electrically connects the segmented annular metal patch 5 to the microstrip feed line 7 in the vertical direction. This vertically penetrating feed path shortens the distance the signal travels from the microstrip feed line 7 to the segmented annular metal patch 5, reducing the introduction of parasitic parameters. Furthermore, after being inserted into the through-hole, the first metal pillar 9 defines the relative positions between the first dielectric substrate 1, the second dielectric substrate 2, the metal ground plane 3, and the third dielectric substrate 4, serving as an interlayer positioning function.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, the second dielectric substrate 2, the metal ground plane 3, and the third dielectric substrate 4 are all provided with second through-holes, and the second metal pillar 10 is sequentially inserted into the second through-holes of the second dielectric substrate 2, the metal ground plane 3, and the third dielectric substrate 4. With this structure, after the second metal pillar 10 passes through the second through-hole, it electrically connects the circular metal patch 6 and the microstrip feed line 7 in the vertical direction, while simultaneously preventing short circuits by utilizing the gap between the through-hole and the metal ground plane 3. Since the second metal pillar 10 does not enter the first dielectric substrate 1, it maintains a vertical distance from the segmented annular metal patch 5, reducing the influence of the feeding structure of the circular metal patch 6 on the radiation characteristics of the segmented annular metal patch 5. Furthermore, after the second metal pillar 10 passes through the second through-hole, it can also play a role in interlayer positioning of the second dielectric substrate 2, the metal ground plane 3, and the third dielectric substrate 4.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, the microstrip feed line 7 is equipped with a patch resistor 13 to improve the isolation between multiple ports of the antenna. With this structure, the 100Ω patch resistor 13 soldered onto the microstrip feed line 7 can effectively improve the isolation and cross-polarization ratio between the four polarization modes.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, microstrip feed 7 is one of three types: Wilkinson microstrip power divider feed, T-type microstrip power divider feed, and coplanar waveguide power divider feed. Thus, using a Wilkinson microstrip power divider feed can effectively improve the isolation between different antenna ports and the cross-polarization ratio of the radiation pattern. Using a T-type microstrip power divider feed has a simple structure and occupies a small substrate area, making it suitable for applications with relatively low port isolation requirements. Using a coplanar waveguide power divider feed can arrange the signal lines and ground plane coplanarly, reducing the number of vias passing through the dielectric substrate and lowering parasitic inductance.

[0047] Understandably, this application achieves a compact antenna structure by loading an arc-shaped slot 61 and a second metal pillar 10 onto the circular metal patch 6, thus solving the problem of the large size of existing four-mode four-port antennas. This application employs a Wilkinson microstrip feed structure 7, enabling the antenna to achieve high port isolation and high polarization isolation. Furthermore, in this application's four-mode four-port antenna, all structures are integrated onto a single PCB (Printed Circuit Board), offering advantages such as simple structure, ease of fabrication, and integration. In addition, this application features a complete grounding metal ground plane 3, enabling practical application.

[0048] In some embodiments of this application, the first dielectric substrate 1 is made of a non-metallic material with a dielectric constant of 2.2; the second dielectric substrate 2 is made of a non-metallic material with a dielectric constant of 4.38; and the third dielectric substrate 4 is made of a non-metallic material with a dielectric constant of 3.55. The segmented annular metal patch 5, the circular metal patch 6, the metal ground plane 3, the microstrip feed line 7, the pad 8, the first metal pillar 9, the second metal pillar 10, and the third metal pillar 11 are all made of copper.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, the segmented annular metal patch 5 and the circular metal patch 6 are coaxially arranged, and the inner diameter of the segmented annular metal patch 5 is larger than the outer diameter of the circular metal patch 6.

[0050] In some embodiments of this application, the principle of the above-mentioned compact four-mode four-port antenna is as follows: First, the segmented ring metal patch 5 can be equivalent to four separate dipole antennas. The first metal pillar 9 is a balun feeding structure with four sets of equal amplitude and in-phase, which enables the segmented ring metal patch 5 to form an in-phase current distribution.

[0051] Secondly, the second metal pillar 10 excites the higher-order modes and the dominant mode of the circular metal patch 6. The higher-order modes have a higher resonant frequency, while the dominant mode has a lower resonant frequency. To achieve miniaturization and three polarizations of the circular metal patch 6, the resonant frequencies of the higher-order modes and the dominant mode must be consistent. The mode resonant frequency of the microstrip patch antenna can be analyzed by its equivalent RLC (Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor) circuit. The arc-shaped slot 61 loaded on the circular metal patch 6 can introduce a parallel capacitor into the equivalent RLC circuit. The introduction of the parallel capacitor can reduce the resonant frequency of the equivalent RLC circuit, which is equivalent to reducing the resonant frequency of the antenna mode. By adjusting the position, length, and width of the arc-shaped slot 61 on the circular metal patch 6, the resonant frequency of the side-firing higher-order modes can be effectively reduced, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the circular metal patch 6. Furthermore, since the resonant frequency of the higher-order mode of the antenna still differs significantly from the resonant frequency of the main side-firing mode under the loading of the arc-shaped slot 61, the loading of the second metal pillar 10 introduces a parallel inductor into the equivalent RLC circuit. This parallel inductor raises the resonant frequency of the equivalent RLC circuit, effectively raising the resonant frequency of the antenna mode. By appropriately adjusting the position and size of the arc-shaped slot 61 and the second metal pillar 10, the operating frequencies of the three polarization radiation modes can be overlapped.

[0052] Finally, by integrating the segmented annular metal patch 5 and the circular metal patch 6, the compact four-mode four-port antenna of this embodiment can be obtained.

[0053] like Figures 7 to 16 As shown, this application simulates the reflection coefficient, port isolation, and antenna pattern of a four-mode four-port antenna. Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the reflection coefficient of the four-mode four-port antenna in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a simulation diagram of the isolation of the four-mode four-port antenna in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of the current omnidirectional mode obtained by 10.4GHz simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 10 This is the H-plane radiation pattern of the current omnidirectional mode obtained by 10.4GHz simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 11 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of the magnetohydrodynamic omnidirectional mode obtained by 10.4GHz simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 12 This is the H-plane radiation pattern of the magnetohydrodynamic omnidirectional mode obtained by 10.4GHz simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 13This refers to the E-plane direction of the primary mode side-fire mode obtained from the simulation at 10.4 GHz using a four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 14 The H-plane direction of the dominant mode side-fire mode obtained from the simulation at 10.4 GHz using the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 15 This refers to the E-plane direction of the primary mode side-fire mode obtained from the simulation at 10.4 GHz using a four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 16 The H-plane direction of the dominant mode side-fire mode obtained from the simulation at 10.4 GHz using the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 .

[0054] in, Figure 7 and Figure 8 This is a graph showing the variation of the port reflection coefficient with frequency obtained from the simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment. Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that the overlapping frequency band with a reflection coefficient of less than -10dB for the four ports is 10.21GHz~10.65GHz, with a relative bandwidth of 4.2%. Within this frequency band, the isolation between any two ports is greater than 22dB.

[0055] Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 These are the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the current omnidirectional mode and magnetocurrent omnidirectional mode obtained from a 10.4GHz simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment. Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As can be seen, the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment can achieve two omnidirectional radiation patterns with different polarization characteristics.

[0056] Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 These are the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of a pair of main mode side-fire modes obtained from a 10.4GHz simulation of the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment. Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As can be seen, the four-mode four-port antenna in this embodiment can realize the radiation pattern of a pair of main mode side-fire modes.

[0057] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0058] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0059] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0060] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact four-mode four-port antenna, characterized in that, The device includes a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a metal ground plane, and a third dielectric substrate stacked in sequence. The upper surface of the first dielectric substrate is provided with segmented annular metal patches, the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate is provided with circular metal patches, and the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate is provided with microstrip feed lines and pads. The quad-mode four-port antenna further includes a first metal post, a second metal post, and a third metal post. The segmented ring-shaped metal patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line through the first metal post, the circular metal patch is electrically connected to the microstrip feed line through the second metal post, and the pad is electrically connected to the metal ground plane through the third metal post. The circular metal patch is used to realize three polarization radiation modes, and the segmented annular metal patch is used to realize a fourth polarization radiation mode.

2. The compact four-mode four-port antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circular metal patch has multiple arc-shaped gaps, which are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the circular metal patch, and the axis of each arc-shaped gap is collinear with the axis of the circular metal patch.

3. The compact four-mode four-port antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multiple arc-shaped slits divide the circular metal patch into an inner circle and an outer ring. There is a connecting part between two adjacent arc-shaped slits, and the inner circle is connected to the outer ring through the connecting part. The circular metal patch is also provided with a plurality of annular gaps, which are located on the outer ring portion and correspond to the connecting portion.

4. The compact four-mode four-port antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The segmented annular metal patch includes multiple arc-shaped segments distributed sequentially along its circumference. Each arc-shaped segment includes multiple arc-shaped pieces distributed at intervals. The axis of each arc-shaped piece is collinear with the axis of the circular metal patch.

5. The compact four-mode four-port antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric substrate has a cylindrical through hole at its center, and the axis of the cylindrical through hole and the axis of the circular metal patch are on the same straight line.

6. The compact four-mode four-port antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal floor is provided with circular holes to prevent short circuits between the first metal post and the second metal post.

7. The compact four-mode four-port antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, the metal ground plate, and the third dielectric substrate are all provided with first through holes, and the first metal pillar is sequentially inserted into the first through holes of the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, the metal ground plate, and the third dielectric substrate.

8. The compact four-mode four-port antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second dielectric substrate, the metal ground plane, and the third dielectric substrate are all provided with second through holes, and the second metal pillar is sequentially inserted into the second through holes of the second dielectric substrate, the metal ground plane, and the third dielectric substrate.

9. The compact four-mode four-port antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microstrip feed line is equipped with patch resistors to improve the isolation between multiple ports of the antenna.

10. The compact four-mode four-port antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microstrip feeder is one of the following: Wilkinson microstrip power divider feeder, T-type microstrip power divider feeder, and coplanar waveguide power divider feeder.

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