A passive optical network architecture and an optical signal transmission method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of passive optical network architecture and a kind of optical signal transmission method, the technical field belongs to optical communication technical field.The passive optical network architecture includes: optical line terminal, backbone multicore fiber optic cable, passive cable brancher, multiple branch multicore fiber optic cable and multiple optical network units;Optical line terminal is connected with passive cable brancher by backbone multicore fiber optic cable, passive cable brancher is used to separate backbone multicore fiber optic cable into multiple branch multicore fiber optic cable, each branch multicore fiber optic cable is connected with corresponding optical network unit, and each branch multicore fiber optic cable includes single multicore fiber;Optical line terminal is provided with data processing chip, first optical signal generating device and first optical signal detection device, and optical network unit is provided with second optical signal generating device and second optical signal detection device.The application can provide exclusive bandwidth for each optical network unit, and improve the network performance of passive optical network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a passive optical network architecture and an optical signal transmission method. Background Technology

[0002] Fifth-generation fixed networks can provide all-optical connectivity, enhanced fixed broadband, and deterministic experience. The representative technology is Passive Optical Network (PON).

[0003] In related technologies, passive optical networks typically employ a communication method of downlink broadcasting and uplink time-division multiplexing. This communication method not only introduces time gaps but also fails to fully utilize the potential bandwidth of the optical fiber because it only uses two wavelengths, resulting in bandwidth bottlenecks due to sharing.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide dedicated bandwidth for each optical network unit and improve the network performance of passive optical networks is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a passive optical network architecture and an optical signal transmission method, which can provide dedicated bandwidth for each optical network unit and improve the network performance of the passive optical network.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides a passive optical network architecture, comprising: an optical line terminal, a backbone multi-core optical fiber cable, a passive optical cable splitter, multiple branch multi-core optical fiber cables, and multiple optical network units; The optical line terminal is connected to the passive optical cable splitter via the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable. The passive optical cable splitter is used to separate the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable into multiple branch multi-core optical fiber cables. Each branch multi-core optical fiber cable is connected to a corresponding optical network unit. Each branch multi-core optical fiber cable includes a single multi-core optical fiber. The optical line terminal is equipped with a data processing chip, a first optical signal generating device and a first optical signal detecting device, and the optical network unit is equipped with a second optical signal generating device and a second optical signal detecting device. The data processing chip is used to control the first optical signal generating device to convert the downlink electrical signal into a downlink optical signal. The data processing chip is also used to process the uplink electrical signal converted by the first optical signal detection device. The second optical signal detection device is used to receive the downlink optical signal transmitted by the first optical signal generating device through the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable and the branch multi-core optical fiber cable. The second optical signal generating device is used to transmit the uplink optical signal to the first optical signal detection device through the branch multi-core optical fiber cable and the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable, so that the first optical signal detection device converts the uplink optical signal into an uplink electrical signal.

[0007] Optionally, the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable is an optical fiber cable containing multiple multi-core optical fibers, and the branch multi-core optical fiber cable is an optical fiber cable containing a single multi-core optical fiber.

[0008] Optionally, the first optical signal generating device and the first optical signal detecting device are an integrated photoelectric conversion module; The second optical signal generating device and the second optical signal detecting device are an integrated photoelectric conversion module.

[0009] Optionally, the fiber cores in each of the branch multi-core optical fiber cables are arranged in a honeycomb hexagonal pattern, with each fiber core located at the vertex and center of the hexagon.

[0010] Optionally, the branched multi-core optical fiber cable is connected to the optical network unit via a rotatable connector; The rotatable connector is equipped with a lens array. The beam deflection angle of the lens array is determined by the rotation position of the rotatable connector. The beam deflection angle of the lens array is used to control the number of fiber cores in the branched multi-core optical fiber cable that output downlink optical signals to the optical network unit.

[0011] Optionally, the rotatable connector includes a rotating part and a fixed part. When the rotating part rotates, it drives the lens array to rotate relative to the fixed part. The fixed part is fixedly connected to the end of the branched multi-core optical fiber cable.

[0012] Optionally, the fixing part is provided with a plurality of positioning slots evenly distributed along the rotation direction of the rotating part, and the rotating part is provided with an elastic positioning component that cooperates with the positioning slots.

[0013] Optionally, the rotating part is provided with a first indicator, and each of the positioning slots is provided with a second indicator; when the elastic positioning component engages and locks with the positioning slot, the first indicator points to the corresponding second indicator.

[0014] This application also provides an optical signal transmission method, applied to a data processing chip of any of the above-mentioned passive optical network architectures, the optical signal transmission method comprising: Receive downlink electrical signals from the target user and determine the corresponding target bandwidth based on the target user's access level; The target fiber core quantity N is determined based on the current channel quality and the target bandwidth; The first optical signal generating device is controlled to convert the downlink electrical signal into N downlink optical signals, and the downlink optical signals are transmitted through N fiber cores in the branch multi-core optical fiber cable allocated to the target user.

[0015] Optionally, the target fiber core number N is determined based on the current channel quality and the target bandwidth, including: Obtain the correspondence table between the current channel quality score, target bandwidth, and target fiber core number, and determine the target fiber core number N by looking up the table; Alternatively, the target fiber core number N can be obtained by calculating the current channel quality and the target bandwidth using a dynamic resource optimization algorithm; Alternatively, the current channel quality and the target bandwidth can be input into the prediction model to obtain the target number of fiber cores N.

[0016] This application provides a passive optical network (PON) architecture in which an optical line terminal (OLT) is connected to a passive optical cable splitter via a backbone multi-core fiber optic cable. The backbone multi-core fiber optic cable is split into multiple branch multi-core fiber optic cables at the PON splitter, and each branch multi-core fiber optic cable is connected to a corresponding optical network unit (ONU). The OLT is equipped with a data processing chip, a first optical signal generation device, and a first optical signal detection device. The ONU is equipped with a second optical signal generation device and a second optical signal detection device. Based on this PON architecture, each ONU has its own dedicated branch multi-core fiber optic cable, and each branch multi-core fiber optic cable contains multiple fiber cores, avoiding bandwidth bottlenecks caused by sharing. Therefore, this application can provide dedicated bandwidth for each ONU, improving the network performance of the PON. This application also provides an optical signal transmission method with the above-mentioned beneficial effects, which will not be elaborated further here. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a passive optical network architecture provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber core arrangement provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an optical signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] Please see below. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a passive optical network architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. The passive optical network architecture includes: an optical line terminal (OLT), a backbone multi-core optical fiber cable, a passive optical cable splitter, multiple branch multi-core optical fiber cables, and multiple optical network units (ONUs).

[0021] The optical line terminal is connected to the passive optical cable splitter via the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable. The passive optical cable splitter is used to split the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable into multiple branch multi-core optical fiber cables. Each branch multi-core optical fiber cable is connected to a corresponding optical network unit. Each branch multi-core optical fiber cable includes a single multi-core optical fiber; the multi-core optical fiber contains multiple fiber cores. The trunk multi-core optical fiber cable is a trunk optical fiber cable containing multiple multi-core optical fibers, and the branch multi-core optical fiber cable is a branch optical fiber cable containing a single multi-core optical fiber.

[0022] The optical line terminal (OLT) is connected to a passive optical fiber splitter via a trunk multi-core fiber optic cable. The passive optical fiber splitter, also known as a multi-core fiber optic splitter, is used to physically separate multiple fiber cores from the trunk multi-core fiber optic cable and couple them to different output ports, forming multiple independent branch multi-core fiber optic cables. Each branch multi-core fiber optic cable transmits its own optical signal to its corresponding optical network unit, thus providing each user with a dedicated physical layer communication channel. The total number of fiber cores in all branch multi-core fiber optic cables equals the total number of fiber cores in the trunk multi-core fiber optic cable.

[0023] The optical line terminal is equipped with a data processing chip, a first optical signal generating device, and a first optical signal detection device. The optical network unit is equipped with a second optical signal generating device and a second optical signal detection device. The data processing chip is used to control the first optical signal generating device to convert downlink electrical signals into downlink optical signals. The data processing chip is also used to process the uplink electrical signals converted by the first optical signal detection device. The second optical signal detection device is used to receive downlink optical signals transmitted by the first optical signal generating device through the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable and the branch multi-core optical fiber cable. The second optical signal generating device is used to transmit uplink optical signals to the first optical signal detection device through the branch multi-core optical fiber cable and the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable, so that the first optical signal detection device converts the uplink optical signals into uplink electrical signals.

[0024] Specifically, the data processing chip of the optical line terminal (OLT) can drive the first optical signal generation device to convert the downlink electrical signal into multiple parallel optical signals. These signals are then transmitted through the main multi-core fiber optic cable to the passive splitter, and then delivered by the branch multi-core fiber optic cable to the optoelectronic array of the target optical network unit (ONU). The optoelectronic array of the ONU converts the uplink electrical signal into an optical signal, which is then transmitted through its dedicated branch multi-core fiber optic cable to the passive splitter. After aggregation, the signal enters the main multi-core fiber optic cable and is finally received and converted by the high-density detection array of the OLT.

[0025] This embodiment provides a passive optical network (PON) architecture. In this architecture, the optical line terminal (OLT) is connected to a passive optical cable splitter via a backbone multi-core fiber optic cable. The backbone multi-core fiber optic cable is split into multiple branch multi-core fiber optic cables at the PON splitter, and each branch multi-core fiber optic cable is connected to a corresponding optical network unit (ONU). The OLT is equipped with a data processing chip, a first optical signal generation device, and a first optical signal detection device. The ONU is equipped with a second optical signal generation device and a second optical signal detection device. Based on this PON architecture, each ONU has its own dedicated branch multi-core fiber optic cable, and each branch multi-core fiber optic cable contains one multi-core fiber, avoiding bandwidth bottlenecks caused by sharing. Therefore, this embodiment can provide dedicated bandwidth for each ONU, improving the network performance of the PON.

[0026] As for Figure 1 In a further description of the corresponding embodiment, the aforementioned backbone multi-core optical fiber cable is an optical cable containing multiple multi-core optical fibers, while the branch multi-core optical fiber cable is an optical cable containing a single multi-core optical fiber. By using the aforementioned backbone multi-core optical fiber cable, the passive optical network architecture can achieve high-density spatial division multiplexing in a single physical link, providing multiple independent and parallel optical transmission channels for each optical network unit, thereby improving single available bandwidth and transmission stability.

[0027] In situations with low bandwidth and a small number of fiber cores, multi-core fibers can be partially replaced by fiber bundles. Specifically, the aforementioned backbone multi-core fiber optic cable can also be a fiber bundle comprising multiple multi-core fibers, with each branch fiber containing a single multi-core fiber. By using the aforementioned backbone multi-core fiber optic cable, passive optical network architectures can allocate multiple physically isolated single-core fibers to each optical network unit, achieving flexible expansion of user bandwidth and load balancing while remaining compatible with existing fiber optic infrastructure.

[0028] Furthermore, the first optical signal generating device and the first optical signal detecting device are an integrated photoelectric conversion module; the second optical signal generating device and the second optical signal detecting device are also an integrated photoelectric conversion module. Specifically, in this embodiment, the optical signal generating device and the optical signal detecting device can be integrated onto the same chip and packaged to obtain an integrated photoelectric conversion module. This integrated photoelectric conversion module can simultaneously perform light emission and reception functions.

[0029] As a feasible implementation, at least one core in the branch multi-core optical fiber cable corresponding to each optical network unit (ONU) is a power core, and the end of the power core is connected to the photoelectric conversion and energy storage unit of the ONU. The optical line terminal (OLT) transmits high-power light of a specific wavelength through the power core, and the photoelectric conversion and energy storage unit of the ONU converts it into electrical energy to power the local control circuits, management interface, and wireless module. Through this power core configuration, the ONU can maintain its basic functions using the energy transmitted by the power core in the event of an external power outage.

[0030] As for Figure 1 In a further description of the corresponding embodiment, a branched multi-core optical fiber cable contains multiple fiber cores. The fiber cores in each branched multi-core optical fiber cable are arranged in a honeycomb hexagonal (i.e., regular hexagonal) pattern, with each fiber core located at the vertex and center of the hexagon. Specifically, in the cross-section of the branched multi-core optical fiber cable, the fiber cores are arranged in a honeycomb hexagonal pattern, such as... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber core arrangement provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a branched multi-core optical fiber cable containing 19 fiber cores. Through this fiber core arrangement, the passive optical network system can achieve spatially structured and partitioned management of fiber core resources, thereby improving the flexibility, reliability, and bandwidth supply efficiency of network resource scheduling.

[0031] As for Figure 1In a further description of the corresponding embodiment, the branched multi-core optical fiber cable is connected to the optical network unit via a rotatable connector. A lens array is disposed within the rotatable connector, and the beam deflection angle of the lens array is determined by the rotation position of the rotatable connector. The beam deflection angle of the lens array is used to control the number of fiber cores in the branched multi-core optical fiber cable that output downlink optical signals to the optical network unit. Based on the above structure, the user can manually rotate the rotatable connector to change the number of fiber cores in the branched multi-core optical fiber cable that output downlink optical signals to the optical network unit, thereby flexibly adjusting the user's access bandwidth at the physical layer without replacing cables or terminal equipment. This structure simplifies complex network bandwidth configuration into an intuitive mechanical operation, significantly reducing maintenance complexity and upgrade costs, and enabling bandwidth resources to be accurately matched to user service needs on demand and in real time, greatly improving the utilization efficiency and flexibility of network resources.

[0032] Furthermore, the aforementioned rotatable connector includes a rotating part and a fixed part. When the rotating part rotates, it drives the lens array to rotate relative to the fixed part. The fixed part is fixedly connected to the end of the branched multi-core optical fiber cable. The fixed part is provided with a plurality of positioning slots evenly distributed along the rotation direction of the rotating part, and the rotating part is provided with an elastic positioning component that cooperates with the positioning slots. The rotating part is provided with a first indicator (such as an arrow-like indicator), and each positioning slot is provided with a second indicator (such as an indicator related to the rotation degree and the number of fiber cores). When the elastic positioning component engages and locks with the positioning slot, the first indicator points to the corresponding second indicator. Based on the above structure, when the rotating part rotates to different angles, the elastic positioning component sequentially engages with different positioning slots, so that the beam deflection angle of the lens array is precisely locked at several preset angles (such as 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, etc.). Each locked angle corresponds to a specific optical path mapping relationship, thereby precisely controlling the number of fiber cores selected from the branch multi-core optical fiber cable and coupled to the optical network unit, realizing hierarchical and adjustable control of the number of downlink optical signals.

[0033] The process described in the above embodiments is illustrated below through examples in practical applications.

[0034] Compared to traditional Ethernet, the typical characteristic of passive optical networks (PONs) is their point-to-multipoint communication mechanism. PONs use optical soliton pulses as the communication carrier, employ a combination of optical time-division multiplexing (TDM) and wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technologies for communication, and are characterized by ultra-high capacity and ultra-high speed, with transmission speeds including gigabit and 10-gigabit speeds.

[0035] This embodiment constructs a passive optical network based on multi-core fiber optic cables, which can provide each terminal (i.e., optical network unit) with a downlink peak rate and uplink peak rate of greater than or equal to 25Gb / s (gigabits per second). This embodiment, based on the architecture of a multi-core fiber optic cable passive optical network system, allocates a specific number of multi-core optical fibers and a corresponding optoelectronic array to each terminal, ensuring dedicated bandwidth for each terminal and guaranteeing network performance. This embodiment, based on a multi-core fiber optic cable passive optical network system, has a transmission capacity of 100Gb / s, breaking through bandwidth bottlenecks and can be widely used in demanding environments such as industrial and automotive applications, replacing traditional Ethernet and passive optical networks.

[0036] The passive optical network architecture provided in this embodiment adopts a link design of "multi-core optical cable - multi-core splitter - photoelectric conversion array". The optical network units are connected via a single multi-core optical cable and equipped with corresponding low-resolution MicroLEDs and detector arrays to complete photoelectric conversion. The passive multi-core optical cable splitter, located in the middle of the link, physically separates a bundle of multi-core optical cables (containing multiple independent multi-core fibers) at the optical line terminal, allowing each multi-core fiber to output independently and connect to different optical network units. The multi-core optical cable at the optical line terminal is highly integrated with the high-resolution MicroLED and detector array, forming the core of the system's photoelectric processing. The entire splitting process requires no active devices, therefore the multi-core optical cable splitter always remains in a passive operating state. MicroLED, or miniature light-emitting diode, is a type of optical signal generation device.

[0037] An adapter board and a driver IC can be installed in an optical line terminal, and an adapter board and a driver IC can also be installed in an optical network unit.

[0038] The SerDes (deserializer) port on the server side (i.e., the optical line terminal) is controlled by an ASIC chip and connected to an integrated MicroLED emitter array and photodetector array. This photodetector array emits light through a multi-core fiber optic trunk cable, which is then physically routed via a passive multi-core fiber optic splitter before being connected to the terminal equipment via a single branch multi-core fiber optic cable. The terminal equipment has built-in corresponding MicroLED and detector array modules. After completing the photoelectric-to-electro-optic conversion, a high-speed communication link is established with the terminal's local SerDes port, thus forming a complete bidirectional optical interconnect channel between the optical line terminal and the optical network unit. An ASIC chip, or Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, is an integrated circuit chip designed and manufactured according to specific application requirements.

[0039] The aforementioned passive optical network architecture uses dense parallel transmission combined with a branch architecture, featuring parallelism and P2MP (Point-to-Multipoint) characteristics. It is characterized by low power consumption, high bandwidth, and strong environmental adaptability, making it particularly suitable for special environments such as vehicle-mounted and industrial sites.

[0040] The aforementioned passive optical network architecture employs MicroLED and detector array optical modules. Optical line terminals and optical network units use branch connections, unlike point-to-point applications in data centers, and possess the capability to combine ordinary MicroLED optical interconnects with PON technology. This architecture can use multi-core optical fibers with 13 to 19 cores, and the multi-core fiber splitter supports up to 24 branches. The connection rate is no less than 100Gbps (gigabits per second) on the server side and no less than 25Gbps on the terminal side.

[0041] This embodiment uses a specific number of multi-core optical fibers for each terminal, with each terminal having its own dedicated bandwidth. The multi-core fiber optic splitter in this embodiment features a system structure with both parallel and serial hybrid capabilities. This embodiment employs MicroLEDs and a detector array, and can also define the corresponding number of fiber cores, resulting in a wider temperature range and higher reliability. This embodiment supports fiber bundles and multi-core fibers, enhancing environmental adaptability, with an operating temperature range of -40°C to 125°C. This embodiment provides a photoelectric conversion module compatible with an integrated MicroLED + detector array. This embodiment fully utilizes the parallel transmission characteristics of multi-core fibers and MicroLEDs, using a method of allocating a specific number of multi-core fibers to each channel to expand communication bandwidth, achieve branch configuration, and better meet special requirements such as environment and reliability. This embodiment is designed for multi-core fiber optic application systems with special requirements, featuring a high-reliability mode that improves temperature, bandwidth, and reliability, and is suitable for industries such as manufacturing, shipbuilding, vehicle transportation, and embodied intelligent robots.

[0042] This embodiment relates to a P2MP passive optical network architecture based on multi-core optical fibers / fiber bundles. It supports multi-core optical fiber applications with specific core counts, employs a combination of parallel transmission and serial branching, and provides high bandwidth, low latency, high reliability, and strong environmental adaptability. Even with a limited array number, this embodiment can provide high bandwidth for a limited number of branches, and its environmental adaptability and power consumption are superior to current mainstream passive optical network systems.

[0043] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an optical signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is applied to a data processing chip in any of the aforementioned passive optical network architectures. The optical signal transmission method includes the following steps: S301: Receive the downlink electrical signal from the target user and determine the corresponding target bandwidth based on the target user's permission level.

[0044] In this process, the downlink electrical signal of the target user refers to the data that needs to be sent to the target user's optical network unit. This step involves querying the target user's service protocol to determine their access level, and then determining the target bandwidth that needs to be guaranteed for this transmission based on the access level. This target bandwidth serves as the basis for subsequent physical layer resource (such as the number of fiber cores) scheduling, ensuring that users of different access levels receive differentiated quality of service.

[0045] S302: Determine the target fiber core number N based on the current channel quality and the target bandwidth.

[0046] This step involves real-time monitoring of the received optical power, bit error rate, and crosstalk level of each fiber core, and then weighted calculation to obtain the current channel quality.

[0047] In this embodiment, a table showing the correspondence between the current channel quality score, target bandwidth, and target fiber core number can be pre-set, and the target fiber core number N can be determined by looking up the table.

[0048] Furthermore, this embodiment can determine the target number of fiber cores N using a dynamic resource optimization algorithm. The process is as follows: Calculate the required data transmission rate based on the target bandwidth, monitor the key quality parameters of each fiber core (e.g., received optical power, signal-to-noise ratio, and bit error rate), select multiple fiber cores with optimal channel conditions, and estimate their actual data transmission rate. Starting from the optimal fiber cores, accumulate their achievable rates until the sum reaches or exceeds the data transmission rate corresponding to the target bandwidth. The total number of fiber cores involved in this accumulation is N.

[0049] This embodiment can also input the current channel quality and target bandwidth into the prediction model to obtain the target number of fiber cores N. The training process of the above prediction model includes: (1) Constructing a supervised training set: collecting historical data, each sample contains a set of channel quality observations, a target bandwidth value, and the corresponding optimal number of fiber cores N labeled by the expert system. (2) Constructing a reinforcement learning simulation environment: based on the optical network physical model, constructing a simulation environment with real-time channel quality and target bandwidth requirements as the state and the number of fiber cores N as the action. The environment embeds a transmission and power consumption model, which can give an immediate reward for any action by comprehensively evaluating bandwidth satisfaction, energy consumption, and signal crosstalk. (3) Continuously interacting the prediction model with the above simulation environment so that the prediction model observes the environment state, outputs an action (selecting the number of fiber cores N), and the environment provides feedback rewards and updates the state. The decision network of the agent is optimized through the policy gradient algorithm so that the prediction model maximizes the cumulative reward in long-term interaction. When the performance of the agent in the simulation environment converges and stabilizes, its network parameters are solidified to obtain the final lightweight policy model.

[0050] Specifically, the method for determining the target fiber core quantity based on the current channel quality and the target bandwidth may include: (1) Obtain the correspondence table of the current channel quality score, target bandwidth and target fiber core number, and determine the target fiber core number N1 by looking up the table; (2) The current channel quality and the target bandwidth are calculated using a dynamic resource optimization algorithm to obtain the target fiber core number N2; (3) Input the current channel quality and the target bandwidth into the prediction model to obtain the target number of fiber cores N3; This embodiment can use any of the three methods described above to determine the target fiber core quantity, and can also use the average value of N1, N2 and N3 as the target fiber core quantity to reduce estimation error.

[0051] S303: Control the first optical signal generating device to convert the downlink electrical signal into N downlink optical signals, and transmit the downlink optical signals through N fiber cores in the branch multi-core optical fiber cable allocated to the target user.

[0052] Specifically, the data processing chip can drive the first optical signal generation device to precisely activate N parallel working units from the transmitting array, synchronously modulate the downlink electrical signal, and convert it into N independent optical signals. These optical signals are routed through a passive splitter and injected into the corresponding N fiber cores in the branch multi-core optical fiber cable allocated to the target user, forming N parallel dedicated physical channels that directly reach the optoelectronic array of the user terminal for reception.

[0053] This application also provides an optical signal transmission system applied to the data processing chip of the above-mentioned passive optical network architecture, the optical signal transmission system comprising: A bandwidth determination module is used to receive downlink electrical signals from a target user and determine the corresponding target bandwidth based on the target user's access level. The quantity determination module is used to determine the target fiber core quantity N based on the current channel quality and the target bandwidth; The signal conversion module is used to control the first optical signal generating device to convert the downlink electrical signal into N downlink optical signals, and transmit the downlink optical signals through N fiber cores in the branch multi-core optical fiber cable allocated to the target user.

[0054] Since the embodiments of the system part correspond to the embodiments of the method part, please refer to the description of the embodiments of the method part for the embodiments of the system part, and they will not be repeated here.

[0055] This application also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed, can perform the steps provided in the above embodiments. The storage medium may include various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0056] This application also provides an electronic device that may include a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor calls the computer program in the memory, it can implement the steps provided in the above embodiments. Of course, the electronic device may also include various network interfaces, power supplies, and other components.

[0057] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0058] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. A passive optical network architecture, characterized in that, include: Optical line terminal, backbone multi-core optical fiber cable, passive optical cable splitter, multi-branch multi-core optical fiber cable and multiple optical network units; The optical line terminal is connected to the passive optical cable splitter via the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable. The passive optical cable splitter is used to separate the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable into multiple branch multi-core optical fiber cables. Each branch multi-core optical fiber cable is connected to a corresponding optical network unit. Each branch multi-core optical fiber cable includes a single multi-core optical fiber. The optical line terminal is equipped with a data processing chip, a first optical signal generating device and a first optical signal detecting device, and the optical network unit is equipped with a second optical signal generating device and a second optical signal detecting device. The data processing chip is used to control the first optical signal generating device to convert the downlink electrical signal into a downlink optical signal. The data processing chip is also used to process the uplink electrical signal converted by the first optical signal detection device. The second optical signal detection device is used to receive the downlink optical signal transmitted by the first optical signal generating device through the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable and the branch multi-core optical fiber cable. The second optical signal generating device is used to transmit the uplink optical signal to the first optical signal detection device through the branch multi-core optical fiber cable and the trunk multi-core optical fiber cable, so that the first optical signal detection device converts the uplink optical signal into an uplink electrical signal.

2. The passive optical network architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trunk multi-core optical fiber cable is an optical cable containing multiple multi-core optical fibers, and the branch multi-core optical fiber cable is an optical cable containing a single multi-core optical fiber.

3. The passive optical network architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first optical signal generating device and the first optical signal detecting device are an integrated photoelectric conversion module; The second optical signal generating device and the second optical signal detecting device are an integrated photoelectric conversion module.

4. The passive optical network architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each of the aforementioned branch multi-core optical fiber cables, the fiber cores are arranged in a honeycomb hexagonal pattern, with each fiber core located at the vertex and center of the hexagon.

5. The passive optical network architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The branched multi-core optical fiber cable is connected to the optical network unit via a rotatable connector; The rotatable connector is equipped with a lens array. The beam deflection angle of the lens array is determined by the rotation position of the rotatable connector. The beam deflection angle of the lens array is used to control the number of fiber cores in the branched multi-core optical fiber cable that output downlink optical signals to the optical network unit.

6. The passive optical network architecture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotatable connector includes a rotating part and a fixed part. When the rotating part rotates, it drives the lens array to rotate relative to the fixed part. The fixed part is fixedly connected to the end of the branched multi-core optical fiber cable.

7. The passive optical network architecture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixing part is provided with a plurality of positioning slots evenly distributed along the rotation direction of the rotating part, and the rotating part is provided with an elastic positioning component that cooperates with the positioning slots.

8. The passive optical network architecture according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating part is provided with a first indicator, and each of the positioning slots is provided with a second indicator; when the elastic positioning component engages and locks with the positioning slot, the first indicator points to the corresponding second indicator.

9. A method for transmitting optical signals, characterized in that, The optical signal transmission method, applied to a data processing chip in the passive optical network architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprises: Receive downlink electrical signals from the target user and determine the corresponding target bandwidth based on the target user's access level; The target fiber core quantity N is determined based on the current channel quality and the target bandwidth; The first optical signal generating device is controlled to convert the downlink electrical signal into N downlink optical signals, and the downlink optical signals are transmitted through N fiber cores in the branch multi-core optical fiber cable allocated to the target user.

10. The optical signal transmission method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The target fiber core quantity N is determined based on the current channel quality and the target bandwidth, including: Obtain the correspondence table between the current channel quality score, target bandwidth, and target fiber core number, and determine the target fiber core number N by looking up the table; Alternatively, the target fiber core number N can be obtained by calculating the current channel quality and the target bandwidth using a dynamic resource optimization algorithm; Alternatively, the current channel quality and the target bandwidth can be input into the prediction model to obtain the target number of fiber cores N.

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