Improvements applied to the discharge chamber of the static machine element used in the devices known as hydrocyclones, used in the post-crushing stage, in the ore particle size quality verification stage, and the assembly, coupling and separation method thereof with respect to the hydrocyclone body

Abstract

The present invention relates to the improvement applied to the discharge chamber of static machine elements used in the devices known as hydrocyclones, integrated into the stage of verification of the quality of the size of the ore after the stage of fragmentation, and its method of assembly, coupling and separation in relation to the body of the hydrocyclone, represented by the evolution solution in the industrial and commercial sector of the equipment for the classification / separation of particles of the ore that has undergone the program of concentration, desliming, solid recovery and closed grinding circuit, applied in particular in the equipment known as hydrocyclone (Eq), where, to solve the problem of premature wear and complex maintenance of the discharge chamber of static machine elements, the present invention is implemented with an improvement in the design of its structure, making it consist of three parts: lower part (10), male quick coupling part (20) and fixed base (30). A design of quick coupling / separation of the lower part (10) is presented, operable for the verification of the integrity of the cutting diameter (H), which differs in that it is sufficient to perform the quick separation / coupling of the assembly comprising the lower part (10) and the male quick assembly coupling part (20).

Description

[0001] the term

[0002] To better understand the subject matter disclosed and claimed in this patent, the meanings of certain terms and abbreviations frequently used throughout the specification are presented below:

[0003] - Industrial facilities For the purposes of this invention, industrial facilities are considered as industrial facilities of interest as defined herein, namely, mining facilities for various raw materials (such as iron ore, copper ore, rock salt and other related materials) (but not limited thereto).

[0004] - production line For the purposes of this invention, it can be understood as a form of large-scale or continuous production process in mining activities, which is carried out by means of machines and / or equipment dedicated to various specific functions.

[0005] - Hydrocyclone It is a piece of equipment widely used in the mining industry, which has the function of using centrifugal force to separate solid materials from liquid materials from crushed ore.

[0006] - centrifugal pump Also known as a pure centrifugal pump or radial centrifugal pump, it is a subclass of turbopumps, which are designed to provide fluid transport by means of a flow, in this case, the flow of crushed ore.

[0007] - Discharge chamber Technically and commercially, it is certified by experts in the field of quality measurement equipment for hydrocyclones, abbreviated as APEX, located directly below the vortex-forming section of such equipment, more specifically at its lower end.

[0008] This invention proposes a funnel-shaped structural design, wherein the upper diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the vortex-forming section of the hydrocyclone, so that a broken ore flow containing fewer particles of smaller size and lower density is entrained by a secondary vortex and guided toward the upper orifice of the hydrocyclone, which is technically and commercially referred to as an "vortex detector," while the diluted slurry with smaller particle size flows away through the overflow section.

[0009] The practical effect achieved is that only a portion of the liquid slurry, along with the (larger-sized) denser particles, is able to leave through the flow generated in the "underflow" section.

[0010] - Hydrocyclone assemblyHydrocyclones are conveniently installed at the top of the facility because pumping is required, allowing the supply to other equipment to be carried out by gravity. To save space and ensure even distribution of feed to the hydrocyclones, these hydrocyclones are arranged in groups in distributors called "manifolds," commonly known in the mining industry as "spider scaffolds" (CHAVES, AT Teoria e prática do tratamento de ores, Volume 1-3). rd edition - São Paulo: Signus editora, 2006).

[0011] - maintain For the purposes of this patent, it is defined as the action of maintaining, supporting, repairing or otherwise protecting equipment, particularly equipment used in mining activities, specifically hydrocyclone equipment.

[0012] Equipment maintenance activities consist of a set of actions that help the equipment operate properly and correctly. In this context, maintenance is defined as including the following types:

[0013] - Corrective;

[0014] - Preventative;

[0015] - Predictive; and

[0016] - Detectable.

[0017] For the purposes of this invention patent, the maintenance system is designed to provide the advantages of predictive and corrective maintenance.

[0018] - Predictive maintenance It is an activity performed based on modifications to "conditions" or "performance" parameters, and its monitoring follows a systematic approach. The purpose of this type of maintenance is to prevent failures in equipment or systems by monitoring various parameters, thereby allowing the equipment (in this case, a hydrocyclone) to operate continuously for the longest possible period of time.

[0019] - Corrective maintenance According to Brazilian standard NBR 5462, after a failure (or malfunction) occurs, maintenance is performed on the equipment (in this case, the hydrocyclone) to restore the project to a state where it can perform its required functions. Corrective maintenance is the most expensive type of maintenance, requires the most time, and causes the greatest loss to the company.

[0020] - NBR-5462 The identification of the Brazilian technical standard entitled "Reliability and Maintainability" published by ABNT in November 1994.

[0021] - polymer Materials containing relatively simple repeating units linked together by sp3 covalent bonds in their molecular structure form long chains, thus yielding high molecular weight compounds.

[0022] - thermosetting materials Thermosetting polymers are polymers whose polymer chains are linked by crosslinkable or crosslinked bonds, which are the main intermolecular attraction.

[0023] - polyurethane The abbreviation "PU" refers to a polymer produced by the reaction of two substances: a polyol and a diisocyanate. The raw materials used in the process can vary depending on the application requirements. For polyols, castor oil and polybutadiene are the most commonly used.

[0024] - elastomer Rubber is a polymer with "elastic" properties, obtained through cross-linking. It can withstand large deformations before breaking. The term rubber is a common synonym for elastomer. Elastomer materials (such as pneumatic materials) are typically based on natural and synthetic rubber.

[0025] - Ceramic materials Ceramic materials are non-polymeric non-metallic materials, typically composed of metallic and non-metallic chemical elements linked by ionic bonds, covalent bonds, or both. Ceramic materials can be crystalline, partially crystalline, or amorphous.

[0026] - silicon carbide It is a compound of silicon and carbon. It is most commonly found as a synthetic compound widely used as an abrasive, but it also exists naturally in the form of a rare mineral called silica.

[0027] - Those skilled in the art Based on the understanding of scholars CHAVANNE, Albert & BURST, Jean-Jacques in their book *Droit de Lá Propriété Industrielle*, Paris: Dalloz, 1993, pp. 53-55, by reference, a person skilled in the art is a person with ordinary and general knowledge of the relevant technical field in the study, and for the purposes of this invention, a person skilled in the art is a person skilled in the art who understands the technical specifications of the equipment and procedures used in mining activities, and more specifically, a person skilled in the art who is familiar with the procedures for verifying and maintaining the technical specifications of hydrocyclone equipment.

[0028] - Metallic materials Materials mainly composed of metallic elements have very similar properties, such as electrical and thermal conductivity, deformability, etc.

[0029] - IPC International Patent Classification.

[0030] The set of terms, techniques, and solutions presented in this preamble should be considered for proper understanding of this invention, to provide the necessary and adequate description of the subject matter of this specification, and should also be used as a reference in comparative analysis, regardless of whether hypothetical solutions from prior art (hydrocyclone devices) related to the technical field of this invention have been disclosed and / or commercialized by third parties who are not the holders of this patent, whether before or after their filing date. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To supplement this specification and to provide a better understanding of the prior art, the identification of the problem to be solved, and the distinguishing features of the invention, this specification includes a set of drawings as an appendix, wherein: Figure 1a This is a photographic representation of an assembly of hydrocyclones installed at the Sossego mine in Canaã dos Carajás, State of Pará, Brazil, representing the technical field of the invention (Source: page 43, Fig. 08 of the monograph entitled USOS E APLICAÇÕES DO HIDROCICLONE NOS CAMPOS INDUSTRIAIS, provided by Graziele Santos Rocha, Federal University of Pará, Marabá–PA, 2010). Figure 1b This is a pictorial representation in the form of a photographic report of another hydrocyclone assembly installation (Source: www.rochemt.com.br / imagens / cyclone1.jpg); Figure 2a This is a schematic representation of the structural design of a hydrocyclone unit, revealing its structural configuration and highlighting the static mechanical element referred to as the "discharge chamber" (Source: page 19, Figure 02, of the monograph entitled *USOS E APLICAÇÕES DO HIDROCICLONE NOSCAMPOS INDUSTRIAIS*, provided by Graziele Santos Rocha, Federal University of Pará, Marabá–PA, 2010). This is a developmental example of the invention; Figure 2bThis is a schematic representation of the operational design of a hydrocyclone unit, revealing its structural configuration and highlighting the static mechanical element referred to as the "discharge chamber" (Source: page 19, Figure 02, of the monograph entitled *USOS E APLICAÇÕES DO HIDROCICLONE NOSCAMPOS INDUSTRIAIS*, provided by Graziele Santos Rocha, Federal University of Pará, Marabá–PA, 2010). This is a developmental example of the invention; Figure 3a It is a perspective view of a conventional static machine element known as a "discharge chamber" to highlight its structural configuration; Figure 3b It is a graphic representation of a conventional static machine element known as a "discharge chamber" in the form of a side view, front view, or rear view, to highlight its structural configuration; Figure 3c It is an exploded view of a conventional static machine element, oriented from the side, front, or rear, to highlight its structural configuration; Figure 3d This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional static machine element known as a "discharge chamber" to highlight its structural configuration; Figure 3e This is an illustrated dissected view of a conventional static machine component known as a "discharge chamber" to highlight its structural configuration; Figure 4 This is a diagrammatic representation of the cross-section of a conventional static machine component's "discharge chamber," highlighting its structure, particularly the lower channel of the static machine component's discharge chamber, and its condition at the start of use (new component) and at the end of its service life. Figure 5a and Figure 5b It is an illustrated representation of the connection area of ​​the conventional static mechanical element "discharge chamber" in the lower part of the conical section of the hydrocyclone device, in a side, front, or rear view, to highlight the operation of separating the conventional static mechanical element discharge chamber. Figure 6a This is a perspective view of the improved static machine element, the "emission chamber," to highlight its structural configuration; Figure 6b It is a schematic representation of the improved static machine element "emission chamber" as a side view, front view, or rear view to highlight its structural configuration; Figure 6c It is a schematic representation of the side, front, or rear exploded view of the improved static machine element "emission chamber" to highlight its structural configuration; Figure 6d This is a schematic representation of the cross-section of the improved static machine element, the "emission chamber," to highlight its structural configuration; Figure 6e It is a schematic representation of the exploded cross-section of the improved static machine element "emission chamber" to highlight its structural configuration.

[0032] Figure 7a and Figure 7b This is an illustrated representation of the connection area of ​​the improved static mechanical element "discharge chamber" in the lower part of the conical section of the hydrocyclone device, shown in a side, front, or rear view, to highlight the separation operation of the elements in this area of ​​the device; and

[0033] Figure 8 It is a graphical representation showing the relationship between cycle (days) and wear (mm) obtained using an improved exhaust chamber or improved APEX. Technical Field

[0034] This invention patent, whose title is stated at the beginning and forms the subject of the specification and claims, relates to an improved solution that provides significant benefits in the industrial and commercial sectors for equipment used to classify / separate mineral particles that have undergone concentration, desliming, solids recovery, and closed-loop grinding processes, particularly in equipment known as hydrocyclones.

[0035] More specifically, hydrocyclone-type equipment (Eq) is used after the ore grinding process and is typically arranged in groups (Ba) within multiple hydrocyclones (Eq), ... (Eqn), such as... Figure 1a and Figure 1b As shown.

[0036] By way of illustration only, on average, a group (Ba) consists of at least 22 hydrocyclones (Eq).

[0037] The needs addressed by this invention

[0038] A. Introduction

[0039] The applicant conceived this invention based on technical expertise accumulated through years of practical experience in the management of mining-related activities, taking into account the specificities involved in the extraction and processing of ore removed from a mineral deposit, thereby achieving a unique insight into the attributes and limitations determined regarding support equipment widely used in the mining sector for such industrial activities.

[0040] In this context, the identified need for the present invention relates to solids recovery and closed-loop grinding activities, particularly for devices known as hydrocyclones (Eq), such as... Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown.

[0041] B. The needs addressed by this invention

[0042] The requirements of this invention are expressed by defining a set of needs related to ensuring the quality of the particle size distribution of ore particles after the grinding process, wherein, for this purpose, those skilled in the art recognize the importance of the widespread use of the group (Ba) of hydrocyclone-type devices (Eq), such as... Figure 1a and Figure 1b As shown.

[0043] Having briefly described the foregoing to enhance the technical field of the invention, those skilled in the art have observed several complaints during visits to customers in mining sectors, with particular emphasis on complaints related to operators' opinions regarding maintaining specified quality in ore sorting, such as that measured by hydrocyclone equipment (Eq), etc. Figure 2a As shown, especially during necessary maintenance activities, a set of expected requirements emerge, namely: - The operation of removing static machine components known as the discharge chamber (Eq4), such as... Figure 2a As shown, and also known technically and commercially by the abbreviation "APEX", the operation is performed quickly in a short amount of time and therefore in the most ergonomic way; - Reduce the amount used to make such Figure 2a The consumption of fasteners that secure the static mechanical element, referred to as the discharge chamber (Eq4), to the lower "underflow" section (Eq3) of the hydrocyclone device (Eq); and - Adding will be as follows Figure 2a The lifespan of the static machine component shown, referred to as the discharge chamber (Eq4), is ensured by... Figure 2b The cut diameter (H) shown is kept within its predefined specifications for as long as possible so that it can be reused after an inspection procedure, which simply involves cutting from... Figure 2a and Figure 2b The underflow section (Eq3) of the hydrocyclone device (Eq) shown is disassembled.

[0044] Invention Claims

[0045] Based on the requirements proposed by the present invention, the applicant conceived of " Applied to be integrated into ore particles after the crushing stage Improvements to the discharge chamber of the static mechanical component in the device called a hydrocyclone, used during the quality verification phase. and its assembly, connection and separation processes relative to the hydrocyclone body. It possesses novelty associated with the inventive steps, which is due to the fact that it does not arise from the technology anticipated in the prior art in an obvious or obvious manner, thus providing advantages from the viewpoints of technology, industry and ore quality assurance, as will be explained in a later part of this specification.

[0046] Furthermore, this "invention" is suitable for industrial application and is economically feasible, thus meeting the stringent requirements for patentability, especially as an invention patent, because it embodies industrial applicability, novelty and inventiveness.

[0047] Therefore, the present invention relates to an embodiment that makes it feasible to satisfy the previously listed set of requirements while also being patentable, because, as will be demonstrated, the improvements conceived for static machine components referred to as “emission chambers”, aimed at speeding up the maintenance process and extending their service life, are not anticipated by solutions of this nature as determined in the prior art, the deficiencies of which will be discussed in subsequent sections.

[0048] Finally, it can be said that those skilled in the art or those with technical expertise, when faced with the subject matter disclosed for a conventional static machine element referred to as a "discharge chamber," will not be able to arrive at the solutions disclosed and claimed in this invention patent based on the teachings provided therein. Background Technology

[0049] To ensure accuracy and reinforce the context set forth in the introductory section, a detailed explanation of the state of the prior art relating to a conventional static machine element referred to as the “emission chamber,” also known by the abbreviation APEX, will be given. Following a critical analysis, its limiting aspects can be identified once evaluated by someone skilled in the art, thus incorporating the identification of the previously listed groups of requirements.

[0050] A. Understanding the structure of hydrocyclone equipment

[0051] like Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, the hydrocyclone (Eq) consists of the components listed in this article: - The ejector tube (Eq1) has the function of providing an inlet and feeding crushed ore into the hydrocyclone (Eq); - Eddy current detector (Eq2); - The upper section (Eq3) has a preferred cylindrical tubular cross-section; - The middle section (Eq4) has a preferred tapered tubular cross-section; - The lower section (Eq5), which defines the machine element discharge chamber, also known as the abbreviation APEX, conveys the larger-particle ore stream to the bottom flow; and – The upper outlet (Eq6) delivers smaller-sized ore particles to the overflow section.

[0052] B. Operating Logic of Hydrocyclones

[0053] like Figure 2bAs shown, its operation is based on capturing and feeding the broken ore stream (Mv1) into the interior of the upper section (Eq3), which develops into a downward spiral motion of the stream (Mv2), entraining the coarser and therefore heavier broken ore particles (Mv3) toward the conical block (Eq4) and subsequently reaching the discharge chamber (Eq5) to finally leave through the lower outlet (Mv4), technically referred to as the "underflow" (downflow or subflow).

[0054] Furthermore, smaller and therefore lower density particles are carried toward the upper and central portions of the hydrocyclone (Eq), specifically the eddy current detector (Eq2), to generate an upward spiral motion (Mv5), which is discharged through the upper outlet (Eq6), technically referred to as an "overflow" (overflow or upflow).

[0055] The flow velocities of the “underflow” and “overflow” sections are limited by the specifications of their respective diameters and the operating pressure experienced by the hydrocyclone (Eq) during operation, which is generated by a centrifugal pump.

[0056] C. Examples of Invention and Development

[0057] For the purposes of this invention patent, the improved research object is defined as a conventional static machine component discharge chamber (Eq5), also known as the abbreviation APEX.

[0058] D. Technical Specifications

[0059] D.1 Conventional Structural Design

[0060] In a typical embodiment, the static machine element discharge chamber (Et) is also referred to by the abbreviation APEX. Figures 3a to 3e The diagram shows, with reference to which the components and their corresponding elements are defined: - The bracket (1), also technically referred to as the "APEX retainer", is formed of a tubular structure (1a) whose nozzle ends define corresponding vertical flanges (1b) and (1c) which have the function of accommodating the discharge chamber (2) itself and are made of a metallic material, preferably steel; - The discharge chamber (2), also technically referred to as APEX, is formed by a tubular structure (2a) with a vertical flange (2b) at its upper opening. The outer diameter of the vertical flange is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the tubular structure (1a) of the bracket (1), and the inner diameter is defined by an upper conical section (2c) extending into a narrow tubular section (2d). The diameter decreases at the boundary of the lower portion and the lower section, having a constant diameter (H).

[0061] The component is preferably made of a polymeric material, specifically polyurethane.

[0062] D.2 Quality Control Operation Logic

[0063] like Figure 2b As shown, the operation of a hydrocyclone (Eq) can be understood by reference, wherein a feed consisting of mineral slurry or other materials (Mv1) is supplied by a centrifugal pump.

[0064] The reliability assessment of the quality control procedures for the crushed ore stream (Mv3) includes sampling the crushed ore discharged through the underflow, that is, sampling the material that ultimately passes through the conventional discharge chamber (Et) or conventional APEX.

[0065] Furthermore, the collected samples are examined according to two previously defined parameters, namely: (i) Inspect the “cut diameter” (H) defined at the contraction of the discharge chamber (Et), such as Figure 2b As shown, the cutting diameter must fall within the value specified in the table for the designated "cutting diameter" (H); subsequently, the obtained value is submitted for acceptance without compromising the defined quality standards of the crushed ore stream; and (ii) Sampling-based verification of the particle size distribution of the broken ore flow (Mv3) through the underflow.

[0066] Therefore, based on the results obtained, a decision is made as to whether to reuse the evaluated emission chamber (Et) or replace it.

[0067] E. Identification of problems and / or limitations

[0068] Although the conventional structural design of the discharge chamber (Et) ensures flow to the bottom (see...) Figure 2b The purpose of particle size determination is to determine the particle size of crushed ore, but certain limitations are apparent and are described below.

[0069] Those skilled in the art know that the mining process is characterized by continuous operation from start to finish, which makes maintenance downtime very detrimental to the production system, as any downtime, even on time, can lead to productivity bottlenecks.

[0070] Given this situation, the durability of the conventional discharge chamber (Et) is a determining factor in the production cycle; however, its wear is unavoidable due to its direct relationship with the friction caused by the contact between the broken mineral flow (Mv3) and the inner wall of the conventional discharge chamber (Et), especially with the narrow tubular section (2d).

[0071] This unavoidable wear and tear Figure 4The diagram shows that, under condition (a), i.e., the initial operating condition of the conventional discharge chamber (Et), the nominal cutting diameter value (H1) for the narrow tubular segment (2d) is recorded; that is, under this condition, the inner surface of the segment has not yet been subjected to friction from the broken mineral flow (Mv3).

[0072] In subsequent condition (b), after a specific operating time in the conventional discharge chamber (Et), the nominal wear cut diameter (H2) for the narrow tubular segment (2d) was recorded; that is, in this condition, the inner surface of the segment had been strongly subjected to friction from the broken mineral flow (Mv3).

[0073] Therefore, once irreversible damage is established in the narrow tubular segment (2d), preventive or even corrective maintenance becomes inevitable.

[0074] Furthermore, the disassembly of the conventional discharge chamber (Et) means its separation from the intermediate section (Eq4), which is preferably a conical tubular section, such as Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, this illustrates the complexity or difficulty involved in disassembling a fastening element (Px), which is typically formed by bolts and their corresponding washers and nuts.

[0075] Finally, once the desired separation has been achieved, the operational status of the conventional discharge chamber (Et) is checked by measuring the wear of the narrow tubular segment (2d), such as... Figure 4 As shown, a diameter gauge or caliper was used for this purpose.

[0076] In this case, the estimated time required to inspect or replace the routine exhaust chamber (Et) (also known as the abbreviation APEX) is between 20 and 30 minutes; however, it should not be overlooked that, from a broader perspective, it must be inevitably applied to, for example... Figure 1a and Figure 1b In a group (Ba) of all the hydrocyclones shown (Eq1), (Eq2), ... (Eqn), with an average of 22 units, the necessary condition for separating the conventional discharge chamber (Et) is amplified.

[0077] Finally, the frequent inspections required for routine preventative maintenance of the discharge chamber (Et) place physical demands on the operator, which, when combined with an unfavorable microenvironment, makes the activity unhealthy.

[0078] F. The causes of the identified problems

[0079] F.1 From the perspective of structural design of conventional exhaust chambers (or conventional APEX)

[0080] Premature wear caused by abrasive contact between ground ore particles and the inner surface of the sorting tube and a reduced cut diameter (H) results in a loss of reliability in measurements obtained for sorting ground ore. This can be attributed to the material specifications that construct the conventional discharge chamber (Et), which is typically thermosetting polyurethane. F.2 From the perspective of maintenance operations Because it is designed as a single piece or monolithic device, the conventional discharge chamber (Et) must be completely removed during maintenance operations, which causes difficulties in observation (due to a lack of ergonomics) and long downtime of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0081] A. Purpose

[0082] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems and limitations identified in the structural design of conventional emission chambers (Et), thereby resulting in the following set of features: To ensure the reliability / quality of the required precision in the sorting of crushed ore for as long as possible, the inspection operation should be made as close as possible to the design that guarantees quality.

[0083] Significantly reduces the need for maintenance operations (corrective or predictive) of hydrocyclone equipment (Eq).

[0084] - Ensure productivity in continuous processes; - Eliminates the complexity of maintenance operations for hydrocyclone units (Eq) that include a set of devices (Ba), particularly the complexity of removal operations for inspecting the discharge chamber, making it simpler.

[0085] - Reduce the replacement cost of the exhaust chamber; and

[0086] - Improve working conditions during maintenance operations of the discharge chamber.

[0087] B. Distinguishing Features

[0088] To make the objectives of this invention feasible, an improvement has been designed for the hydrocyclone (Eq), and more specifically, for the discharge chamber (A) of a static machine element also known as APEX, which is designed to have the following distinguishing features: B.1 From the perspective of ensuring durability It becomes a device whose structural design is based on three components, namely: - A fixed base for securing the improved discharge chamber to the lower end of the underflow (Eq3) of the hydrocyclone device (Eq), becoming a permanent assembly component, and internally defining a recessed quick-assembly connection element; - A convex quick-assembly coupling part, which is mounted on the upper part of the lower part, is used to receive the component and fix it to the concave quick-assembly coupling element defined inside the fixed base by the quick-assembly coupling. - The lower part has a structure based on conventional exhaust chamber technology, the difference being the presence of convex quick-assembly connecting elements.

[0089] Therefore, for the new improved exhaust chamber or the improved APEX, only this lower part will undergo unavoidable maintenance operations to verify its integrity within acceptable cutting diameter parameters.

[0090] B.2 From the perspective of emission chamber durability

[0091] In particular, the third part of the proprietary subject described in the aforementioned project, and which aims to reduce the unavoidable maintenance of the emission chamber, is manufactured by a possible mixed formulation: Fcd = A + B, where: - Fcd: The blend itself; - A = Highly wear-resistant thermosetting polymer material; and - B = Ceramic material.

[0092] Furthermore, the fixed base and the convex quick-assembly connection can be made of metal (steel), and since they do not come into contact with the broken ore flow (highly abrasive), they are not subject to premature wear due to abrasion. Detailed Implementation

[0093] The following detailed description should be read and interpreted with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the improved static machine element "discharge chamber" and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is limited only to the scope expressly set forth in the claims.

[0094] A. Improve the structural design of the emission chamber

[0095] exist Figures 6a to 6e A preferred embodiment discloses an improved static machine component, a "discharge chamber" (A), which is formed by the following components: (i) Lower part (10), such as Figure 6a , 6b As generally shown in 6c, its detailed structural design can be found in Figure 6d and Figure 6e The following elements are identified in the observation: - Monolithic body (10a); - Internal tapered channel (10b); - A regular internal tubular channel (10c) is defined directly below the lower end of the tapered channel (10b); - A support flange (10d), defined at the lower end of the extension (10e), has a diameter (10f) for accommodating components and providing stability for the convex quick-assembly coupling (20); (ii) Convex quick-assembly connector (20), such as Figure 6a , 6b As generally shown in 6c, its detailed structural design can be found in Figure 6d and Figure 6e The following elements are identified in the observation: - A tubular body (20a) with an outer diameter (20c) slightly larger than the diameter (10f) of the extension (10e) of the lower part (10) to ensure a solid assembly between the two components; - A convex thread (10b), defined along the entire circumference of the lower portion of the tubular body (20a), is used to provide engagement and quick locking with a concave thread (30c) defined inside the body (30a) of the fixed base component (30); and (iii) Fixed base (30), such as Figure 6a , 6b As generally shown in 6c, its detailed structural design can be found in Figure 6d and Figure 6e The following elements are identified in the observation: - A tubular workpiece retainer (30a) having a flat flange (30a') defined around its upper opening. - The tubular section (30b) has an inner diameter (30e) that is larger than the outer diameter (20c) of the quick-assembly connector (20); - A concave thread (30c), defined along the entire inner circumference of the tubular segment portion (30b), for providing quick engagement with a convex thread (20b) defined on the convex quick-assembly coupling portion (20); and - Flat flange (30d), defined as the entire profile surrounding its upper opening.

[0096] B. Properties of materials used in the manufacture of improved emission chambers

[0097] Given the requirement for high wear resistance, thereby reducing wear on the operating elements of the improved discharge chamber (A), each component is specified by the following materials: (i) The lower part (10) should be made from a blend with a possible formulation, Fcd = A + B, where: - Thermosetting materials, such as polyurethane, and the following materials: Ceramic materials, such as combinations of silicon carbide; - Elastomer materials, combined with ceramic materials, such as silicon carbide; - Only thermosetting materials, such as polyurethane; and - Elastomer materials only.

[0098] (ii) Quick-assembly connection (20) can be made of metal materials, such as steel; (iii) The fixed base (30) may be made of a metallic material, such as steel.

[0099] B. Improved emission chamber assembly

[0100] It follows a sequential step (see Figure 6e For reference only): Step 1: Assemble the convex quick-assembly connector (20) with the lower part (10), wherein the inner diameter (20c) of the body (20a) and the outer diameter (10f) of the extension (10e) are in a through fit; Step 2: Once the convex quick-assembly connector (20) and the lower part (10) are assembled, the convex thread (20b) is positioned inside the fixed base (30); Step 3: The convex thread (20b) is positioned to engage with the concave thread (30c) defined inside the fixed base (30); Step 4: Rotate (e.g., a quarter turn) the convex quick-assembly connector (20) and the lower part (10) relative to the fixed base 30 to facilitate a fixed displacement between the concave thread (30c) and the convex thread (20b), thereby causing the components to lock and reinforcing the static machine element "discharge chamber" (A), such as Figure 6a , 6b As shown in 6d; C. Improve the assembly of the discharge chamber on the hydrocyclone. It follows these steps: Step 1: As Figure 7a As shown, the improved discharge chamber (A) is assembled to the lower part of the section (Eq3) with a preferred cylindrical tubular cross-section using fastening elements (Px).

[0101] C. Disassembly of the improved discharge chamber on the hydrocyclone

[0102] It follows these steps: Step 1: Rotate the convex quick-assembly connector (20) and the lower part (10) in the opposite direction (e.g., a quarter turn) relative to the fixed base (30), promoting a fixed displacement between the concave thread (30c) and the convex thread (20b) to cause the convex quick-assembly connector (20) and the lower part (10) to unlock and separate, while the fixed base (30) remains connected to the lower part of the upper section (Eq3) of the hydrocyclone (Eq).

[0103] Material facts

[0104] With the new structural scheme designed for the improved discharge chamber (A) or the improved APEX, it is clear that the assembly of only the convex quick-assembly joint (20) and the lower part (10) is of interest for the inspection of quality and maintenance regarding the cutting diameter (H).

[0105] Technical effects achieved

[0106] In particular, the implementation of the improved exhaust chamber (A) in field testing reinforces the arguments presented above regarding the requirement for a significantly increased service life, which can be explained by observing a significant reduction in wear on the cutting diameter (H), see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 6a to 6e And can be done Figure 8 The curve in the graph indicates a significant increase in durability (reduction in wear) during the evaluation period.

[0107] Conclusion

[0108] As stated above, the preferred embodiments of the invention claimed in this specification are provided for illustrative purposes only. Any other embodiments of the improved discharge chamber (A) that may be conceived by those skilled in the art can be altered, modified, and varied without departing from the purposes disclosed in this patent, which are exclusively defined by the appended claims.

[0109] As can be confirmed from the description and illustrations, the "enhanced improvement of the discharge chamber of a static machine element applied to a device called a hydrocyclone used in the ore particle size quality verification stage after the crushing stage, and the assembly, connection and separation process of the hydrocyclone body" as now claimed complies with the provisions governing invention patents under industrial laws, and based on the foregoing, should be granted the corresponding privileges.

Claims

1. An improvement to an element applied to a static machine discharge chamber integrated into a device called a hydrocyclone, the static machine discharge chamber, the hydrocyclone comprising: At least one ejector tube (Eq1); an eddy current detector (Eq2); an upper section (Eq3), preferably having a cylindrical tubular cross-section; an intermediate section (Eq4), preferably having a tapered tubular cross-section; a lower section (Eq5), which defines a machine element discharge chamber, also known as the abbreviation APEX; and an upper outlet (Eq6) through which a smaller particle size ore stream is discharged to an overflow section, characterized in that the improved discharge chamber (A) has a structural design including at least the following components (and corresponding elements): (i) The lower part (10) includes the following elements: an integral body (10a); an internal tapered channel (10b); a regular internal tubular channel (10c) defined directly below the lower end of the tapered channel (10b); and a support flange (10d) defined at the lower end of an extension (10e) having a diameter (10f) configured to accommodate components and provide stability to the convex parts of the convex quick-assembly connector (20). (ii) Quick-assembly connector (20), wherein the following components are defined: - A tubular body (20a) with an outer diameter (20c) slightly larger than the diameter (10f) of the extension (10e) of the lower part (10) to ensure a fixed assembly between the two components; - A convex thread (10b), defined along the entire contour of the lower portion of the tubular body (10b), includes the function of providing quick engagement and locking to a concave thread element (30c) defined in the inner portion of the body (30a) of the base fixing member (30); (iii) A fixed base (30) wherein the following elements are identified: - A tubular workpiece holder (30a) having a flat flange (30a') defined around its upper opening. - The tubular section (30b) has an inner diameter (30e) that is larger than the outer diameter (20c) of the quick-assembly connector (20); - A concave thread (30c), defined along the entire inner circumference of the tubular segment portion (30b), is used to provide quick engagement with the convex thread (20b) defined on the convex quick-assembly coupling (20); and - The planar flange (30d) is defined as the entire profile surrounding its upper orifice.

2. The improvement applied to the discharge chamber of static machine components according to claim 1, wherein, Each part of the improved discharge chamber (A) is characterized by: (i) The lower part (10) must be made of a mixture of thermosetting and ceramic materials (blend), or a mixture of elastomeric and ceramic materials (blend), or only thermosetting materials, such as polyurethane, or only elastomeric materials; (ii) The convex quick-assembly connector (20) can be made of a metallic material, such as steel; (iii) The fixed base (30) can be made of a metallic material, such as steel.

3. The improvement applied to the discharge chamber of static machine components according to claim 2, wherein, In an embodiment of the material properties of the portion (10), the improved discharge chamber (A) is characterized by a blend of polyurethane and silicon carbide.

4. A method for assembling the improved discharge chamber (A) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following sequential steps: - Step 1: Assemble the convex quick-assembly connector (20) with the lower part (10), wherein the inner diameter (20c) of the body (20a) and the outer diameter (10f) of the extension (10e) are in through fit; - Step 2: Once the convex quick-assembly connector (20) and the lower part (10) are assembled, the convex thread (20b) is positioned inside the fixed base (30); - Step 3: Position the convex thread (20b) to engage with the concave thread (30c) defined inside the fixed base portion (30); - Step 4: Rotate (e.g., a quarter turn) the assembly including the convex quick-assembly coupling (20) and the lower part (10) relative to the fixed base portion (30) to facilitate a fixed displacement between the concave thread (30c) and the convex thread (20b) to cause the component to lock and secure the improved static machine element discharge chamber (A).

5. The method for assembling the improved discharge chamber (A) on the hydrocyclone (Eq) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The improved discharge chamber (A) is assembled near the bottom of a section (Eq3) that preferably has a cylindrical tubular cross-section by using a fixing element (Px).

6. The improved method for disassembling the discharge chamber (A) from the hydrocyclone (Eq) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The convex quick-assembly coupling assembly (20) having the lower part (10) is rotated (e.g., a quarter turn) in the opposite direction to the fixed base portion (30) to facilitate a fixed displacement between the concave thread (30c) and the convex thread (20b) to cause unlocking and separation of the assembly including the convex quick-assembly coupling (20) and the lower part (10), while the fixed base portion (30) remains connected to the lower part of the upper section (Eq3) of the hydrocyclone (Eq).

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