A medicinal and edible crop picking and harvesting system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of medicine and food homologous crop picking harvesting system, the system includes traction device, lifting device, soil loosening mechanism, yam pulling mechanism and yam receiving mechanism.Lifting device is located in the side of traction device, and soil loosening mechanism is connected with lifting device through yam receiving mechanism.Lifting device can drive soil loosening mechanism to insert into the soil on both sides of yam rhizome, and loosen the soil.Yam pulling mechanism is arranged on soil loosening mechanism, and includes two groups of clamping pulling components, which are provided with electric roller with rubber roller brush, can clean the surface while clamping yam, and can be forward and reverse to make yam reciprocating movement to adjust posture.Yam receiving mechanism includes U-shaped frame, driving motor and receiving hopper, driving motor can drive soil loosening mechanism to overturn, and send pulled yam into receiving hopper, and discharging conveyor belt is arranged below receiving hopper.The application realizes yam soil loosening, pulling, cleaning and collecting integrated operation, with high picking efficiency and low labor cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crop harvesting equipment technology, specifically to a harvesting system for crops that are both medicinal and edible. Background Technology

[0002] Foods that are both food and medicine, such as goji berries, yams, red dates, lilies, and poria cocos, are not only rich in nutrients but also contain specific functional components (such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, and saponins). Yams, as an important food and medicine homology ingredient, are rich in polysaccharides, saponins, phenolic substances, and other functional components, and have high nutritional and medicinal value.

[0003] Due to its specific growing environment, yam roots penetrate deep. Traditionally, small-scale yam harvesting involves manually digging up the soil around the yam using tools like shovels to expose the yam and obtain whole, unbroken yams. This method is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and has high labor costs. Large-scale harvesting uses excavators to dig and peel away the soil on one side of the yam root to expose the whole yam. While this method significantly improves harvesting efficiency, in practice, even after the excavator peels away the soil on one side of the yam root, manual harvesting is still necessary. Furthermore, after harvesting, the large amount of soil that was dug out needs to be backfilled, which still presents harvesting inconveniences. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a harvesting system for crops that are both medicinal and edible, thereby solving the aforementioned problems existing in the current harvesting process for these crops.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops includes a traction device, a lifting device, a soil loosening mechanism, a yam extraction mechanism, and a yam collection mechanism. The lifting device is mounted on the traction device and is configured to move the lifting device along the yam harvesting direction. The yam collection mechanism is connected to the lifting device, and the soil loosening mechanism is also connected to the yam collection mechanism. The lifting device is configured to drive the soil loosening mechanism to insert into the soil on both sides of the yam rootstock to loosen the soil. The yam extraction mechanism is mounted on the soil loosening mechanism and is configured to extract the yam rootstock after the soil loosening mechanism has inserted into the soil on both sides of the rootstock. The yam collection mechanism is configured to receive the yam rootstock extracted by the yam extraction mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, a lifting mechanism is located on the side of the traction device. The lifting mechanism includes a base, a slide, a first hydraulic cylinder, and a mounting base. The base is connected to the side of the traction device, and the slide is slidably mounted on the base. The first hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the base and connected to the slide, and is configured to drive the slide to move vertically. The mounting base is mounted on the slide and is used to connect with the soil loosening mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the soil loosening mechanism includes a mounting frame, an auger drill rod, and a drill rod drive device. The mounting frame is rectangular, and the auger drill rods are arranged in two rows, spaced apart on both sides of the mounting frame. The drill rod drive device is connected to the auger drill rods and is configured to drive the auger drill rods to rotate. The auger drill rods are used to drill into the soil on both sides of the yam rootstock to loosen the soil on both sides of the yam rootstock.

[0008] Furthermore, the auger rod is connected to a drill rod vibration device, which is used to drive the auger rod to vibrate in order to loosen the soil on both sides of the yam rootstock.

[0009] Furthermore, the yam extraction mechanism includes two sets of clamping and extraction components spaced apart within the mounting frame. The clamping and extraction components are connected to the mounting frame via a second hydraulic cylinder, which is configured to drive the clamping and extraction components to move so that the two sets of clamping and extraction components move closer and further apart, clamping the yam rootstock between them.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping and pulling assembly includes a support frame and motorized rollers. The support frame is arranged vertically, and multiple motorized rollers are arranged at intervals on the support frame horizontally.

[0011] Furthermore, the electric roller is equipped with a rubber roller brush for cleaning the soil adhering to the yam roots.

[0012] Furthermore, the electric roller is configured to rotate forward and reverse to drive the yam rhizome to reciprocate within the clamping and pulling assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the yam collecting mechanism includes a U-shaped frame, a drive motor, and a collecting hopper. The closed end of the U-shaped frame is connected to a lifting mechanism, and the open end of the U-shaped frame is hinged to both ends of a mounting frame. The drive motor is located at the open end of the U-shaped frame and connected to the mounting frame. The collecting hopper is located within the U-shaped frame, and the drive motor is configured to drive the mounting frame to rotate so that the yam roots in the clamping and pulling-out assembly are conveyed into the collecting hopper.

[0014] Furthermore, a discharge conveyor belt is installed below the receiving hopper.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention achieves fully mechanized harvesting of yams from soil loosening and extraction to collection through the coordinated operation of a traction device, a lifting device, a soil loosening mechanism, a yam extraction mechanism, and a yam collection mechanism. This eliminates the need for manual digging and subsequent backfilling, significantly improving harvesting efficiency and reducing labor costs. The soil loosening mechanism uses a spiral drill rod in conjunction with a vibration device to effectively loosen the soil on both sides of the yam rootstock, reducing damage to the yam and ensuring its integrity. The yam extraction mechanism employs a relatively movable clamping and extraction assembly, combined with the rotation of an electric roller and rubber brushes, to preliminarily clean the soil from the yam surface during extraction, improving harvest quality. The forward and reverse rotation of the electric roller allows the yam to move back and forth within the clamping assembly, facilitating further soil removal and adjusting the yam's posture for smooth entry into the collection mechanism. The collection mechanism uses a tilting design to automatically transport the extracted yams to the collection hopper, and then centrally output them via a discharge conveyor belt, achieving continuous harvesting operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device in the harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the soil loosening mechanism and the yam pulling mechanism in the harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A structural diagram from another angle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping and pulling-out component in the harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops of the present invention.

[0017] The names corresponding to each mark in the diagram: 1. Traction device; 2. Lifting device; 21. Base; 22. Slide; 23. First hydraulic cylinder; 24. Mounting base; 3. Soil loosening mechanism; 31. Mounting frame; 32. Spiral drill rod; 33. Drill rod drive device; 4. Yam pulling mechanism; 41. Clamping and pulling assembly; 411. Support frame; 412. Electric roller; 42. Second hydraulic cylinder; 5. Yam collecting mechanism; 51. U-shaped frame; 52. Drive motor; 53. Collecting hopper; 54. Discharge conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides a harvesting system for crops that are both food and medicine. This system is mainly suitable for the mechanized harvesting of root and tuber crops such as yam, which have deep roots.

[0020] The system includes a traction device 1, a lifting device 2, a soil loosening mechanism 3, a yam extraction mechanism 4, and a yam harvesting mechanism 5. The traction device 1, which can be a self-propelled agricultural machine such as a tractor, drives the entire system along the direction of the yam planting rows, i.e., the yam harvesting direction. The lifting device 2 is installed on the side of the traction device 1, allowing it to align with the yam planting rows. The yam harvesting mechanism 5 is connected to the lifting device 2, and the soil loosening mechanism 3 is connected to the yam harvesting mechanism 5, forming a unified linkage structure where the traction device 1 drives the lifting device 2, and the lifting device 2, through the yam harvesting mechanism 5, drives the soil loosening mechanism 3.

[0021] Figure 2 As shown, the lifting device 2 includes a base 21, a slide 22, a first hydraulic cylinder 23, and a mounting base 24. The base 21 is fixedly connected to the side of the traction device 1, forming a vertical guide rail structure. The slide 22 is slidably mounted on the base 21 and can move vertically. The first hydraulic cylinder 23 is vertically mounted on the base 21, and its piston rod end is connected to the slide 22. The lifting height of the slide 22 can be precisely controlled by the extension and retraction of the first hydraulic cylinder 23. The mounting base 24 is fixed to the slide 22 and is used to subsequently connect the soil loosening mechanism 3. This design allows the soil loosening mechanism 3 to flexibly adjust its insertion position into the soil according to the depth of the yam root.

[0022] Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the soil loosening mechanism 3 includes a mounting frame 31, spiral drill rods 32, and a drill rod drive device 33. The mounting frame 31 has a rectangular frame structure, and its top is connected to the mounting base 24, thereby connecting to the lifting device 2. Two rows of spiral drill rods 32 are arranged at intervals on the outer sides of the two long sides of the mounting frame 31. The spacing between the two rows of spiral drill rods 32 is adapted to the width of the yam planting row, allowing the spiral drill rods 32 to be inserted into the soil on both sides of the yam rootstock. The drill rod drive device 33 is mounted on the mounting frame 31 and can be a hydraulic motor or electric motor, connected to each spiral drill rod 32 for driving the spiral drill rods 32 to rotate and drill. To further improve the soil loosening effect, a drill rod vibration device is also connected to the spiral drill rod 32. The drill rod vibration device can be a vibrating motor or an eccentric wheel mechanism, which applies vibration while the spiral drill rod 32 rotates and drills, making the soil easier to break and loosen, reducing the impact on the yam rootstock.

[0023] The yam extraction mechanism 4 is mounted on the soil loosening mechanism 3, specifically within the internal space of the mounting frame 31. The yam extraction mechanism 4 includes two sets of clamping and extraction components 41, symmetrically spaced to the left and right. Each set of clamping and extraction components 41 is connected to the mounting frame 31 via a second hydraulic cylinder 42. The second hydraulic cylinder 42 is horizontally mounted, with its piston rod end connected to the back of the clamping and extraction component 41. The synchronous extension and retraction of the two second hydraulic cylinders 42 can drive the two sets of clamping and extraction components 41 closer together or further apart. When it is necessary to clamp the yam, the second hydraulic cylinder 42 extends, pushing the two sets of clamping and extraction components 41 towards the center, clamping the yam root located between the two rows of spiral drill rods 32.

[0024] Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the specific structure of the clamping and pulling assembly 41 includes a support frame 411 and electric rollers 412. The support frame 411 is a vertically arranged frame, with its height aligned with the growth direction of the yam. Multiple electric rollers 412 are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction and mounted on the support frame 411, forming a roller conveyor-like structure. Rubber brushes with soft bristles or protrusions are fitted onto the outer surface of the electric rollers 412. When in contact with the yam, these brushes provide sufficient friction to clamp and pull the yam, and also perform preliminary brushing to remove the soil adhering to the yam's surface. The electric rollers 412 are configured to have forward and reverse rotation functions. After clamping the yam, the rotation direction of the electric rollers 412 can be controlled to cause the yam to move back and forth between the two sets of clamping and pulling assemblies 41. This helps to further remove residual soil from the yam's surface and also adjusts the yam's posture, making it easier to pull out of the soil.

[0025] The yam collecting mechanism 5 includes a U-shaped frame 51, a drive motor 52, and a collecting hopper 53. The closed end (rear end) of the U-shaped frame 51 is connected to the mounting base 24 of the lifting device 2, and the open end (front end) of the U-shaped frame 51 is hinged to both ends of the mounting frame 31 via hinge pins, allowing the mounting frame 31 to rotate up and down relative to the U-shaped frame 51. The drive motor 52 is installed on one side of the open end of the U-shaped frame 51, and its output shaft is connected to the hinge pin of the mounting frame 31 to drive the mounting frame 31 to rotate around the hinge pin. The collecting hopper 53 is fixedly installed in the internal space of the U-shaped frame 51, located above or behind the mounting frame 31, and is used to receive the harvested yams. A discharge conveyor belt 54 is also provided below the collecting hopper 53 to continuously output the collected yams to a collection container or transport vehicle at the rear.

[0026] The system works as follows: The traction device 1 moves forward along the yam planting row. Upon reaching the working position, the first cylinder 23 of the lifting device 2 drives the slide 22 to descend, which in turn lowers the entire loosening mechanism 3 via the mounting base 24 and the U-shaped frame 51, causing the two rows of spiral drill rods 32 to insert into the soil on both sides of the yam rootstock. The drill rod drive device 33 is activated, driving the spiral drill rods 32 to rotate and drill. Simultaneously, the drill rod vibration device is activated to generate vibration, loosening the soil on both sides. When the soil is loosened to a certain extent, the yam extraction mechanism 4 is activated, and the second cylinder 42 pushes the two sets of clamping and extraction components 41 closer together. The rubber roller brush on the electric roller 412 clamps the yam rootstock. The electric roller 412 begins to rotate, and under the action of the clamping force, it gradually pulls the yam out of the loosened soil. During the extraction process, the rubber roller brush performs preliminary cleaning on the surface of the yam. Subsequently, the lifting device 2 drives the soil loosening mechanism 3 to rise and detach from the soil, the drive motor 52 starts, and drives the mounting frame 31 to flip downward, so that the yams in the clamping and pulling assembly 41 are fed into the receiving hopper 53. The yams collected in the receiving hopper 53 are continuously output by the discharge conveyor belt 54 below. After one batch of yams is harvested, the traction device 1 moves to the next working position and repeats the above process.

[0027] In summary, this invention realizes the mechanization of the entire process of yam harvesting, from loosening the soil, pulling out, cleaning to collection, effectively solving the problems of low efficiency, high labor costs and inconvenience in traditional harvesting methods, and has high practical value.

Claims

1. A harvesting system for crops that are both medicinal and edible, characterized in that: The device includes a traction device, a lifting device, a soil loosening mechanism, a yam extraction mechanism, and a yam collection mechanism. The lifting device is mounted on the traction device and is configured to move the lifting device along the yam harvesting direction. The yam collection mechanism is connected to the lifting device, and the soil loosening mechanism is also connected to the yam collection mechanism. The lifting device is configured to drive the soil loosening mechanism to insert into the soil on both sides of the yam root to loosen the soil. The yam extraction mechanism is mounted on the soil loosening mechanism and is configured to extract the yam root after the soil loosening mechanism has inserted into the soil on both sides of the yam root. The yam collection mechanism is configured to receive the yam root extracted by the yam extraction mechanism.

2. The harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device is located on the side of the traction device. The lifting device includes a base, a slide, a first hydraulic cylinder, and a mounting base. The base is connected to the side of the traction device. The slide is slidably mounted on the base. The first hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the base and connected to the slide. The first hydraulic cylinder is configured to drive the slide to move in the vertical direction. The mounting base is mounted on the slide and is used to connect with the soil loosening mechanism.

3. The harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil loosening mechanism includes an installation frame, a spiral drill rod, and a drill rod drive device. The installation frame is rectangular, and the spiral drill rod is arranged in two rows, spaced apart on both sides of the installation frame. The drill rod drive device is connected to the spiral drill rod and is configured to drive the spiral drill rod to rotate. The spiral drill rod is used to drill into the soil on both sides of the yam root to loosen the soil on both sides of the yam root.

4. The harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auger rod is connected to a drill rod vibration device, which is used to drive the auger rod to vibrate in order to loosen the soil on both sides of the yam root.

5. The harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops according to claim 4, characterized in that: The yam extraction mechanism includes two sets of clamping and extraction components spaced apart in the mounting frame. The clamping and extraction components are connected to the mounting frame via a second hydraulic cylinder. The second hydraulic cylinder is configured to drive the clamping and extraction components to move so that the two sets of clamping and extraction components move closer to each other and further apart. The two sets of clamping and extraction components are used to clamp the yam root.

6. The harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping and pulling assembly includes a support frame and electric rollers. The support frame is arranged in the vertical direction, and multiple electric rollers are arranged at intervals on the support frame in the horizontal direction.

7. The harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electric roller is equipped with a rubber roller brush for cleaning the soil adhering to the roots and stems of the yam.

8. The harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electric roller is configured to rotate forward and reverse to drive the yam rhizome to reciprocate within the clamping and pulling assembly.

9. The harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops according to claim 8, characterized in that: The yam collecting mechanism includes a U-shaped frame, a drive motor, and a collecting hopper. The closed end of the U-shaped frame is connected to the lifting mechanism, and the open end of the U-shaped frame is hinged to both ends of the mounting frame. The drive motor is located at the open end of the U-shaped frame and connected to the mounting frame. The collecting hopper is located in the U-shaped frame. The drive motor is configured to drive the mounting frame to rotate so that the yam roots in the clamping and pulling-out assembly are transported into the collecting hopper.

10. The harvesting system for medicinal and edible crops according to claim 9, characterized in that: A discharge conveyor belt is installed below the receiving hopper.

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