Water vapor disinfection system for dental unit

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of dental medical equipment technology, and in particular to a water-air disinfection system for a dental comprehensive treatment machine. The system includes a housing, an ultraviolet disinfection module, a PEM low-pressure electrolysis module, a control module, and a false start protection module. One end of the housing is respectively provided with a water connection assembly and an air connection assembly. The water connection assembly includes a water inlet and an outlet, and the air connection assembly includes an air inlet and an air outlet. The false start protection module includes a dual-chamber buffer isolation tank and an intelligent pressure relief valve assembly. The input end of the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank is connected to the corresponding air inlet pipe and water inlet pipe. The intelligent pressure relief valve assembly is installed at the connection points between the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank and the air inlet pipe and water inlet pipe, and is electrically connected to the control module. This invention effectively solves the problems of existing disinfection systems, such as false start due to unexpected pressure fluctuations or flow surges, easy scaling of the electrolysis component and insufficient electrolysis, and uneven ozone concentration distribution affecting disinfection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dental medical equipment technology, and in particular to a water-air disinfection system for a dental comprehensive treatment machine. Background Technology

[0002] A dental handpiece is a comprehensive medical device used for dental treatment, suitable for the examination, diagnosis, and treatment of various dental diseases. During treatment, the most frequently used dental equipment, such as the three-way handpiece, handpiece drill, and ultrasonic scaler, all utilize the same water-air system. However, during treatment, the negative pressure generated when the handpiece stops working causes the water mist sprayed from the handpiece, carrying saliva and other substances from the patient's mouth, to be drawn back into the handpiece and its connected water-air pipes, causing backflow contamination. This contaminant adheres to the inner walls of the water-air pipes, forming a biofilm that can then breed various bacteria, pathogens, and fungi.

[0003] Therefore, after treating each patient, the dental handpiece and water supply pipes must be thoroughly disinfected. Otherwise, contaminants, bacteria, and germs in the water supply pipes and dental handpieces will enter the mouth of the next patient with the airflow or water flow, causing iatrogenic cross-infection and becoming a medium for virus transmission, posing a huge threat to public health.

[0004] Currently, various disinfection devices for dental water vapor systems are available on the market. These devices typically use ozone, high-temperature steam, or chemical disinfectants to disinfect the water vapor. However, existing disinfection devices have the following drawbacks in practical applications, especially in the fast-paced, multi-step environment of dental treatment: (1) Because there is residual water and residual gas in the water or gas path inside the disinfection system, the residual water or residual gas may cause the disinfection system to start unexpectedly due to the brief surge of water flow or air fluctuation in the pipeline. This will not only interrupt the normal diagnosis and treatment process and waste disinfection resources, but also cause unnecessary damage to the core components such as pumps, solenoid valves, and electrolysis components inside the disinfection system due to frequent start-stop, significantly shortening the overall service life of the equipment. (2) During the operation of the disinfection system, the raw water contains a lot of impurities, and scale easily adheres to the electrolysis components, which leads to a decrease in electrolysis efficiency. At the same time, some raw water is easily discharged directly through the drain pipe without undergoing electrolysis, resulting in insufficient electrolysis and thus affecting the disinfection effect. (3) In the core area of ​​the electrolysis reaction, the ozone generation efficiency is relatively high due to more intense ion migration and electron exchange. The ozone concentration in this area will also be relatively high. When the ozone concentration in the core area is too high, if the excess ozone enters the patient's mouth with the water flow, it may irritate the mucous membrane and cause discomfort. However, near the edge of the reaction area or in areas where the electrolyte flow is slower, the amount of ozone generated will gradually decrease, and its local concentration will decrease accordingly. As a result, it will be impossible to achieve the disinfection requirements of completely killing bacteria and viruses, resulting in a disinfection blind spot and making it difficult to ensure the stability and reliability of the overall disinfection effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to address the technical deficiencies mentioned in the background art, the present invention aims to provide a water-air disinfection system for dental comprehensive treatment machines, which aims to solve the problems of existing disinfection systems being prone to false starts due to unexpected pressure fluctuations or flow surges, easy scaling of electrolysis components and insufficient electrolysis, and uneven ozone concentration distribution affecting the disinfection effect.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A dental unit with a water-air disinfection system includes: The shell is a hollow structure, and one end of the shell is respectively provided with a water connection component and an air connection component. The water connection component includes a water inlet and a water outlet, and the air connection component includes an air inlet and an air outlet. An ultraviolet disinfection module is used to sterilize and disinfect the air source; an air inlet pipe is connected between the input end of the ultraviolet disinfection module and the air inlet, and an air outlet pipe is connected between the output end and the air outlet; a differential pressure sensor is installed on the air inlet pipe to detect airflow fluctuations in real time. The PEM low-pressure electrolysis module is used to sterilize and disinfect water sources. The PEM low-pressure electrolysis module has a built-in self-cleaning component, and the input end of the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module is connected to the water inlet through an inlet pipe, and the output end is connected to the water outlet through an outlet pipe. A flow sensor is installed on the inlet pipe to detect water flow in real time. The control module is fixedly connected to the top of the housing. The control module is electrically connected to the ultraviolet disinfection module and the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module respectively. An ozone concentration adjustment component is connected between the control module and the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module to adjust the amount of ozone generated in different areas of the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module. It also includes a false start protection module, which comprises a dual-chamber buffer isolation tank and an intelligent pressure relief valve assembly. The dual-chamber buffer isolation tank is disposed between the ultraviolet disinfection module and the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module and fixed on the housing, and the input end of the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank is respectively connected to the air inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe; the intelligent pressure relief valve assembly is respectively installed at the connection between the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank and the air inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe, and the intelligent pressure relief valve assembly is electrically connected to the control module. When the differential pressure sensor and flow sensor detect unexpected pressure fluctuations or flow surges in the water or air circuit of the water-air disinfection system, the control module starts timing; if the flow or pressure continues to exceed the threshold for more than 3 seconds, the water-air disinfection system starts working; if the flow or pressure continues to exceed the threshold for no more than 3 seconds, the intelligent pressure relief valve group automatically opens and absorbs the instantaneous pressure or flow fluctuations through the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank, and the water-air disinfection system does not start.

[0007] Preferably, the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank is provided with an elastic diaphragm, which divides the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank into upper and lower chambers for connecting the air and water circuits. An air guide pipe is connected between the input end of the upper chamber and the air inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe is provided at the output end. A water guide pipe is connected between the input end of the lower chamber and the water inlet pipe, and a drain pipe is provided at the output end.

[0008] Preferably, the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module includes an electrolytic cell, an electrode assembly, and an annular heat dissipation fins. Multiple sets of electrode assemblies are provided, and the multiple sets of electrode assemblies are detachably connected to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell. The bottom of the electrode assembly is provided with a mounting base. The annular heat dissipation fins are integrally formed on the outer surface of the electrolytic cell and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the electrolytic cell.

[0009] Preferably, the electrode assembly includes N anode plates and N-1 cathode plates, the anode plates and cathode plates are arranged in sequence at intervals, and the bottom of the anode plates and cathode plates are fixedly connected to L-shaped mounting brackets, with a flexible graphite thermal pad embedded between the L-shaped mounting brackets and the mounting base.

[0010] Preferably, the self-cleaning component includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a reverse pulse current generating module. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet is attached to both sides of the electrode assembly and is electrically connected to the control module to convert electrical energy into ultrasonic vibration energy to peel off the scale adhering to the surface of the electrode assembly. The reverse pulse current generating module is electrically connected to the control module and forms a pulsed electric field on the outer periphery of the electrode assembly. Multi-field coupling and synergistic cleaning are achieved through ultrasound and electric field.

[0011] Preferably, the ozone concentration regulating component includes an ozone concentration sensor and a current regulating unit. The ozone concentration sensor is mounted on the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module and is electrically connected to the control module. The current regulating unit is mounted on the control module and is electrically connected to both the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module and the control module. The control module regulates the operating current of the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module through the current regulating unit based on the ozone concentration detected by the ozone concentration sensor in different areas.

[0012] Preferably, a reverse osmosis filter is installed on the air inlet pipe. The reverse osmosis filter has a detachable structure and includes a PP filter element, an activated carbon filter element, and an RO filter element connected in sequence in the water flow direction. The PP filter element, activated carbon filter element, and RO filter element are interconnected through water supply pipes. A combined solenoid valve is installed between the PP filter element and the water inlet. A booster pump is installed between the RO filter element and the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module.

[0013] Preferably, the housing is further provided with a heat dissipation component to accelerate heat dissipation inside the housing; the heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation fan and a heat dissipation grille, the heat dissipation grille is installed on the two side walls of the housing, the heat dissipation fan is positioned opposite the heat dissipation grille, and the heat dissipation fan is electrically connected to the control module.

[0014] Preferably, the ultraviolet disinfection module includes a base, a housing fixed on the base, and an ultraviolet lamp installed inside the housing. The base is fixed to the housing by bolts. The housing is a hollow cylindrical structure, and an exhaust valve is provided at the bottom of the housing. The ultraviolet lamp and the housing axis are on the same straight line, and a quartz glass sleeve is fitted on the outside of the ultraviolet lamp.

[0015] Preferably, the control module includes a microcontroller, a switch button, and a liquid crystal display, wherein the microcontroller is electrically connected to the switch button and the liquid crystal display respectively.

[0016] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention, by incorporating a false start protection module, can effectively identify unexpected pressure fluctuations or flow surges in the water or air circuits, preventing the disinfection system from malfunctioning, reducing equipment wear and tear, and ensuring the continuity of the treatment process. Simultaneously, a self-cleaning component is installed in the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module to promptly remove scale buildup on the electrode assembly surface, improving electrolysis efficiency. Furthermore, an ozone concentration adjustment component allows for real-time adjustment of the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module's operating current based on the ozone concentration in different areas, resulting in a more uniform ozone concentration distribution. This avoids excessively high ozone concentrations in the core area, preventing patient discomfort, while ensuring effective disinfection in peripheral areas, thereby achieving efficient, stable, and safe disinfection of the dental integrated treatment machine's water and air system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the water-air disinfection system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water-air disinfection system of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water-air disinfection system of the present invention on the other side; Figure 4 This is a vertical half-sectional view of the water-air disinfection system of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the ultraviolet disinfection module in this invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode assembly in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse osmosis filtration system in this invention; Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the water-air disinfection system of the present invention, wherein solid arrows represent water disinfection paths and dashed arrows represent air disinfection paths.

[0018] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. Shell; 101. Inlet; 102. Outlet; 103. Air inlet; 104. Air outlet; 2. Ultraviolet disinfection module; 21. Base; 22. Outer shell; 221. Exhaust valve; 23. Ultraviolet lamp; 24. Quartz glass sleeve; 3. PEM low-voltage electrolysis module; 31. Electrolytic cell; 32. Electrode assembly; 321. Anode plate; 322. Cathode plate; 323. L-shaped mounting bracket; 33. Annular heat dissipation fins; 34. Mounting base; 35. Graphite thermal pad; 4. Control module; 41. Microcontroller; 42. Switch button; 43. LCD display; 5. Accidental start protection module; 51. Dual-chamber buffer isolation tank; 511. Elastic diaphragm; 52. Intelligent pressure relief valve assembly; 6. Self-cleaning component; 61. Piezoelectric ceramic plate; 62. Reverse pulse current generating module; 7. Ozone concentration regulating component; 71. Ozone concentration sensor; 72. Current regulating unit; 8. Heat dissipation component; 81. Cooling fan; 82. Heat dissipation grille; 9. Air inlet pipe; 91. Differential pressure sensor; 10. Air outlet pipe; 11. Water inlet pipe; 111. Flow sensor; 12. Water outlet pipe; 13. Air guide pipe; 14. Exhaust pipe; 15. Water guide pipe; 16. Drain pipe; 17. Reverse osmosis filter; 171. PP filter element; 172. Activated carbon filter element; 173. RO filter element; 18. Combined solenoid valve; 19. Booster pump. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, the use of terms such as "a number" means one or more, with "more than" meaning two or more. Terms like "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while terms like "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of terms like "first," "second," and "third" is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, the number of indicated technical features, or the sequential relationship between indicated technical features.

[0022] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-9 The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the water-air disinfection system for a dental comprehensive treatment machine of the present invention.

[0023] A dental treatment unit uses a water-air disinfection system, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes a housing 1, an ultraviolet disinfection module 2, a PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3, a control module 4, and a false start protection module 5 disposed within the housing 1; wherein, the housing 1 is a hollow structure, and one end of the housing 1 is respectively provided with a water connection component and an air connection component, the water connection component includes a water inlet 101 and a water outlet 102, and the air connection component includes an air inlet 103 and an air outlet 104.

[0024] Specifically, the water inlet 101 is used to connect to an external water source pipeline to introduce water to be disinfected into the system; the water outlet 102 is used to discharge the water that has been disinfected by the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3, supplying it to the water-air system of the dental comprehensive treatment machine. The air inlet 103 is used to connect to an external air source, and the air outlet 104 is used to output the gas disinfected by the ultraviolet disinfection module 2 to the air-using terminal of the dental comprehensive treatment machine. The housing 1 is made of high-strength ABS engineering plastic through one-piece injection molding, which not only has good structural strength and corrosion resistance, but also effectively isolates internal electromagnetic interference, ensuring the stable operation of each module. The surface of the housing 1 can also be provided with a transparent observation window for easy observation of the internal working status, as well as a button area and display area for operating the control module 4, according to actual needs.

[0025] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the ultraviolet disinfection module 2 is used to sterilize and disinfect the air source; an air inlet pipe 9 is connected between the input end of the ultraviolet disinfection module 2 and the air inlet 103, and an air outlet pipe 10 is connected between the output end and the air outlet 104; a differential pressure sensor 91 is installed on the air inlet pipe 9 to detect airflow fluctuations in real time.

[0026] Furthermore, the ultraviolet disinfection module 2 includes a base 21, a housing 22 fixed to the base 21, and an ultraviolet lamp 23 installed inside the housing 22. The base 21 is fixed to the housing 1 by bolts. The housing 22 has a hollow cylindrical structure, and an exhaust valve 221 is provided at the bottom of the housing 22. The exhaust valve 221 can discharge residual gas inside the housing 22 when the system stops working or needs maintenance, preventing gas retention from affecting the next disinfection effect. The ultraviolet lamp 23 is preferably a deep ultraviolet lamp with a wavelength of 254nm. Ultraviolet light of this wavelength has extremely strong bactericidal ability and can effectively destroy the DNA structure of bacteria and viruses, achieving the purpose of rapid sterilization. Meanwhile, the ultraviolet lamp tube 23 and the outer shell 22 are aligned on the same straight line to ensure that the light can evenly illuminate the entire air passage. The ultraviolet lamp tube 23 is also fitted with a quartz glass sleeve 24. The quartz glass sleeve 24 can effectively isolate the ultraviolet lamp tube 23 from the airflow, prevent the lamp surface from directly contacting water vapor or contaminants, extend the lamp tube's service life, and ensure that ultraviolet rays can efficiently penetrate the sleeve to disinfect the airflow.

[0027] like Figure 9 As shown, the air disinfection process in the water-air disinfection system is as follows: When the air source enters the air intake pipe 9 through the air inlet 103, it first passes through the differential pressure sensor 91. The differential pressure sensor 91 monitors the air pressure changes in the pipe in real time. If an unexpected airflow fluctuation is detected, it will immediately transmit a signal to the control module 4. Subsequently, the airflow enters the outer shell 22 of the ultraviolet disinfection module 2. Inside the hollow cylinder of the outer shell 22, the airflow comes into full contact with the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet lamp tube 23. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, the DNA or RNA structure of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms in the air is destroyed, thereby losing their ability to reproduce and infect, achieving preliminary sterilization of the air source. The disinfected gas is discharged from the air outlet 104 through the air outlet pipe 10 and enters the air circuit system of the dental comprehensive treatment machine.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 is used to sterilize and disinfect the water source; the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 has a built-in self-cleaning component 6, and the input end of the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 is connected to the water inlet 101 by an inlet pipe 11, and the output end is connected to the water outlet 102 by an outlet pipe 12; a flow sensor 111 is installed on the inlet pipe 11 to detect the water flow in real time.

[0029] Furthermore, the self-cleaning component 6 includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 and a reverse pulse current generating module 62. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 is attached to both sides of the electrode assembly 32 and is electrically connected to the control module 4 to convert electrical energy into ultrasonic vibration energy to peel off the scale adhering to the surface of the electrode assembly 32. The reverse pulse current generating module 62 is electrically connected to the control module 4 and forms a pulse electric field on the outer periphery of the electrode assembly 32. Multi-field coupling is formed by ultrasound and electric field for synergistic cleaning.

[0030] After the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module 3 has been operating for a period of time, scale easily forms on the surface of the electrode assembly 32 due to mineral deposits in the water, affecting electrolysis efficiency. At this time, the control module 4 will initiate a self-cleaning program according to the preset cleaning cycle or water hardness parameters: the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 generates high-frequency ultrasonic vibration under the drive of electrical energy. The vibration is transmitted to the scale layer through the electrode assembly 32, causing the scale to break and peel off due to the fatigue stress generated by the vibration; at the same time, the reverse pulse current generating module 62 outputs a reverse pulse current to the electrode assembly 32, using the electric field force to change the growth direction and structure of the scale crystals, weakening the bonding force between the scale and the electrode surface. The mechanical peeling effect of ultrasonic vibration and the electrochemical effect of the pulse electric field work together to quickly remove stubborn scale from the surface of the electrode assembly 32, restore the conductivity and electrolytic reaction activity of the electrode, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figures 2-4As shown, the control module 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 1. The control module 4 is electrically connected to the ultraviolet disinfection module and the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 respectively. An ozone concentration adjustment component 7 is connected between the control module 4 and the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 to adjust the amount of ozone generated in different areas of the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3. Furthermore, the microcontroller 41 uses an STM32 series chip as the core control unit, responsible for receiving and processing signals collected by various sensors, and executing preset control logic; the switch buttons 42 are located on the outer surface of the housing 1, including a power switch, a disinfection start / stop button, and a mode switching button, thus facilitating user operation. The LCD display 43 is a touch-screen color LCD screen used to display the real-time operating status parameters of the water-air disinfection system, including water flow rate, air pressure, ozone concentration, disinfection time, and the operating status of each module, etc., and can also be used for parameter setting and system debugging via touch operation.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 9 As shown, the ozone concentration regulating component 7 includes an ozone concentration sensor 71 and a current regulating unit 72. The ozone concentration sensor 71 is mounted on the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module 3 and is electrically connected to the control module 4. The current regulating unit 72 is mounted on the control module 4 and is electrically connected to both the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module 3 and the control module 4. The control module 4 regulates the operating current of the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module 3 through the current regulating unit 72 according to the ozone concentration detected by the ozone concentration sensor 71 in different areas.

[0033] Furthermore, the ozone concentration sensor 71 employs a high-precision semiconductor gas-sensitive element, capable of real-time monitoring of ozone concentration values ​​at different points within the electrolysis area of ​​the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3, and converting the analog signal into a digital signal for transmission to the microcontroller 41. Upon receiving the signal from the ozone concentration sensor 71, the microcontroller 41 compares the detected value with a preset concentration threshold range (e.g., 0.05-0.1 mg / L for the core treatment area and 0.1-0.15 mg / L for the peripheral auxiliary area). If the detected ozone concentration in a certain area exceeds the upper threshold, the microcontroller 41 reduces the operating current of the corresponding area's electrode assembly 32 via the current adjustment unit 72, thereby reducing ozone generation. Conversely, when the detected ozone concentration is below the lower threshold, the microcontroller 41 controls the current adjustment unit 72 to increase the operating current in the corresponding area, thereby increasing the ozone generation rate.

[0034] For example, in the area near the water outlet 102 close to the patient's mouth, if the ozone concentration sensor 71 detects a concentration of 0.12 mg / L, exceeding the upper limit of 0.1 mg / L in the core area, the control module 4 immediately reduces the current of the corresponding PEM electrolysis unit in that area from 1.5A to 1.2A via the current adjustment unit 72, reducing ozone production by approximately 20% and stabilizing the concentration at around 0.08 mg / L. Conversely, at the pipe connection located at the edge of the casing 1, if the detected ozone concentration is only 0.08 mg / L, below the lower limit of 0.1 mg / L in the edge area, the current in that area is increased from 1.0A to 1.3A to enhance electrolysis and raise the ozone concentration to 0.12 mg / L, ensuring effective disinfection. This dynamic, zoned current adjustment method achieves precise control and uniform distribution of ozone concentration in different areas.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 , 9 As shown, a reverse osmosis filter 17 is installed on the inlet pipe 11. The reverse osmosis filter 17 has a detachable structure and includes a PP filter element 171, an activated carbon filter element 172, and an RO filter element 173 connected in sequence in the water flow direction. The PP filter element 171, the activated carbon filter element 172, and the RO filter element 173 are interconnected through a water supply pipe. A combined solenoid valve 18 is installed between the PP filter element 171 and the inlet. A booster pump 19 is installed between the RO filter element 173 and the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3.

[0036] Furthermore, the combined solenoid valve 18 is electrically connected to the control module 4. When the system starts, the control module 4 first controls the combined solenoid valve 18 to open, allowing the water source to pass through the PP filter element 171, activated carbon filter element 172, and RO filter element 173 for multi-stage filtration. Among them, the PP filter element 171 has a pore size of 5 microns, which can effectively remove large particulate impurities such as rust, silt, and colloids from the water, preventing them from entering subsequent filtration units and causing blockages. The activated carbon filter element 172 is filled with coconut shell activated carbon, which removes residual chlorine, odors, organic matter, and some heavy metal ions from the water through physical adsorption, improving the taste and safety of the water. The RO filter element 173 uses a reverse osmosis membrane with a pore size of only 0.0001 microns, which can intercept tiny impurities such as bacteria, viruses, scale (calcium and magnesium ions), and dissolved salts in the water, so that the water source entering the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 reaches a high purity standard, avoiding the deposition of impurities on the surface of the electrode assembly 32, which affects the electrolysis efficiency, and also prevents scale formation, extending the maintenance cycle of the self-cleaning component 6. The booster pump 19 is a diaphragm-type booster pump, and its working pressure can be adjusted through the control module 4, typically set to 0.4-0.6 MPa, to ensure that the water filtered by reverse osmosis can enter the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 at a stable pressure, guaranteeing the continuous and stable electrolysis reaction. After the reverse osmosis filter 17 has been used for a period of time, the user can unscrew the buckles on the filter housing 22 to remove the PP filter element 171, activated carbon filter element 172, and RO filter element 173 in sequence for replacement. The operation is simple and convenient, requiring no professional tools, effectively reducing the maintenance cost and difficulty of the equipment.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figures 4 and 9. The accidental activation protection module 5 includes a dual-chamber buffer isolation tank 51 and an intelligent pressure relief valve assembly 52. ​​The dual-chamber buffer isolation tank is located between the ultraviolet disinfection module 2 and the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 and is fixed on the housing 1. The input end of the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank is connected to the air inlet pipe 9 and the water inlet pipe 11 respectively. The intelligent pressure relief valve assembly is installed at the connection between the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank and the air inlet pipe 9 and the water inlet pipe 11 respectively, and is electrically connected to the control module 4. The dual-chamber buffer isolation tank is provided with an elastic diaphragm 511, which divides the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank into upper and lower chambers for connecting the air and water circuits. The input end of the upper chamber is connected to the air inlet pipe 9 by a guide pipe 13, and the output end is provided with an exhaust pipe 14. The input end of the lower chamber is connected to the water inlet pipe 11 by a guide pipe 15, and the output end is provided with a drain pipe 16.

[0038] Furthermore, when unexpected pressure fluctuations occur in the air path, such as a sudden change in airflow caused by a brief malfunction of a dental handpiece, the differential pressure sensor 91 detects the pressure change and transmits the signal to the control module 4. The control module 4 determines the duration of the pressure fluctuation. If it does not exceed 3 seconds, the valve corresponding to the air path in the intelligent pressure relief valve assembly opens, and some gas in the intake pipe 9 enters the upper chamber of the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank through the air guide pipe 13. At this time, the elastic diaphragm 511 of the upper chamber expands upward under the gas pressure, absorbing the instantaneous pressure shock. Subsequently, the expanded diaphragm resets, and the buffered gas is slowly released or guided back into the system through the exhaust pipe 14, preventing the ultraviolet disinfection module 2 from being mistakenly activated due to instantaneous pressure fluctuations.

[0039] For flow fluctuations in the water circuit, such as the water surge caused by a patient temporarily shutting off the mouthwash source, the flow sensor 111 sends a signal back to the control module 4. If the duration is less than 3 seconds, the corresponding intelligent pressure relief valve of the water circuit opens, and the water flows through the guide pipe 15 into the lower cavity. The elastic diaphragm 511 expands downward to buffer the water flow surge. After the fluctuation stabilizes, the water flows out or back through the drain pipe 16, ensuring that the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 will not start electrolysis due to brief changes in water flow. This effectively isolates and buffers unexpected pressure fluctuations or flow surges, ensuring that the disinfection system only starts working when disinfection is truly required for a medical procedure.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module 3 includes an electrolytic cell 31, an electrode assembly 32, and an annular heat dissipation fins 33. Multiple sets of electrode assemblies 32 are provided, and the multiple sets of electrode assemblies 32 are detachably connected to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 31. The bottom of the electrode assembly 32 is provided with a mounting base 34. The annular heat dissipation fins 33 are integrally formed on the outer surface of the electrolytic cell 31, and the annular heat dissipation fins 33 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the electrolytic cell 31.

[0041] Furthermore, the electrode assembly 32 includes N anode plates 321 and N-1 cathode plates 322, with the anode plates 321 and cathode plates 322 arranged alternately. An L-shaped mounting bracket 323 is fixedly connected to the bottom of each anode plate 321 and cathode plate 322, and a flexible graphite thermal pad 35 is embedded between the L-shaped mounting bracket 323 and the mounting base 34. This structural design greatly increases the contact area between the electrode and water, improves the efficiency of the electrolysis reaction, and makes ozone production more stable. Simultaneously, since the electrode assembly 32 generates heat during operation, the flexible graphite thermal pad 35 embedded between the bottom of the anode plates 321 and cathode plates 322 and the mounting base 34 allows for rapid heat transfer from the electrode assembly 32 to the mounting base 34, then to the electrolytic cell 31, and finally, heat exchange with the outside air through the annular heat dissipation fins 33 on the outside of the electrolytic cell 31, achieving efficient heat dissipation. This multi-layered heat dissipation structure design effectively reduces the operating temperature of the electrode assembly 32, avoiding electrolysis efficiency reduction or electrode material aging caused by localized overheating, thereby extending the service life of the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module 3. Simultaneously, the annular heat dissipation fins 33 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the electrolytic cell 31, ensuring uniform heat dissipation across all parts of the electrolytic cell 31 and further improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0042] Furthermore, to prevent the electrode assembly 32 from overheating and being damaged due to insufficient heat dissipation, this embodiment also includes a temperature sensor, a temperature controller, and a circuit breaker. The temperature sensor detects the real-time temperature of the electrode assembly 32 and transmits the temperature signal to the microcontroller 41. The temperature controller is electrically connected to the microcontroller 41. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the electrode assembly 32 exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 60°C), the microcontroller 41 controls the temperature controller to start, and simultaneously the circuit breaker disconnects the power supply circuit of the electrode assembly 32, stopping the electrolysis reaction. After the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the electrode assembly 32 has dropped to a safe range (e.g., below 45°C), the microcontroller 41 controls the circuit breaker to close again, resuming electrolysis. This achieves overheat protection for the electrode assembly 32, further ensuring the stable operation and service life of the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module 3.

[0043] To further accelerate heat dissipation, in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a heat dissipation component 8 is also provided on the housing 1 to accelerate the heat dissipation inside the housing 1; the heat dissipation component 8 includes a heat dissipation fan 81 and a heat dissipation grille 82. The heat dissipation grille 82 is installed on the two side walls of the housing 1, the heat dissipation fan 81 is positioned opposite the heat dissipation grille 82, and the heat dissipation fan 81 is electrically connected to the control module 4.

[0044] Furthermore, when the control module 4 detects that the temperature inside the housing 1 exceeds 40°C via its built-in temperature sensor, the cooling fan 81 starts and operates at 70% of its rated speed. If the temperature continues to rise to 45°C, the fan speed increases to 100%, accelerating airflow. The heat dissipation grille 82 has a louvered structure with the grille blades designed at a 15° angle, effectively preventing external dust and water droplets from entering the housing 1 while ensuring the smooth exhaust of hot air from inside the housing 1. Simultaneously, the air intake direction of the cooling fan 81 coordinates with the layout of the ultraviolet disinfection module 2 and the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module 3. After entering through the heat dissipation grille 82 on one side of the housing 1, the cool air first passes through the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module 3 (which generates a significant amount of heat during operation), then flows through the ultraviolet disinfection module 2, and finally, carrying heat, is exhausted through the heat dissipation grille 82 on the other side, forming a directional heat dissipation airflow that significantly improves overall heat dissipation efficiency.

[0045] like Figure 9 As shown, the working process of the water-air disinfection system of the present invention is as follows: When the dental treatment machine is started, the user activates the water and air disinfection system via the switch button 42 on the surface of the housing 1. Upon receiving the start signal, the control module 4 first controls the combination solenoid valve 18 on the air intake pipe 9 to open. The water source undergoes multi-stage filtration through PP filter 171, activated carbon filter 172, and RO filter 173 to remove large particulate impurities, residual chlorine, organic matter, bacteria, viruses, and dissolved salts. The filtered purified water enters the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 under a stable pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa provided by the booster pump 19. Simultaneously, the control module 4 activates the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3. The electrode assembly 32 electrolyzes the purified water to generate ozone under the action of current. The ozone concentration sensor 71 monitors the ozone concentration in different areas in real time and feeds the signal back to the control module 4.

[0046] Control module 4 dynamically adjusts the operating current of different areas of PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 according to the preset concentration threshold range through current adjustment unit 72, ensuring that the ozone concentration in the core treatment area is stable at 0.05-0.1 mg / L and the peripheral auxiliary area is stable at 0.1-0.15 mg / L. The generated ozone water / gas mixture then enters ultraviolet disinfection module 2, where the disinfection effect is further enhanced under the synergistic effect of ultraviolet light. During this process, if unexpected pressure fluctuations or flow surges occur in the gas or water circuit and last for less than 3 seconds, the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank and intelligent pressure relief valve group in the false start protection module 5 will respond quickly, absorbing the impact through the expansion and reset of the elastic diaphragm 511, thus preventing the disinfection system from being falsely activated.

[0047] After the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 has been working for a period of time, the control module 4 starts the self-cleaning program according to the preset cleaning cycle or water hardness parameters. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 generates high-frequency ultrasonic vibration to peel off the scale, and the reverse pulse current generating module 62 outputs a reverse pulse current to weaken the adhesion of the scale. The two work together to remove the scale on the surface of the electrode assembly 32. At the same time, the heat generated by the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 is transferred to the electrolysis cell 31 through the flexible graphite thermal pad 35 and the mounting base 34, and then dissipated through the outer ring heat dissipation fins 33. If the temperature inside the shell 1 exceeds 40°C, the cooling fan 81 starts, and cold air enters from one side of the heat dissipation grille 82, flows through the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module 3 and the ultraviolet disinfection module, and is discharged from the other side of the heat dissipation grille 82, forming a directional airflow to accelerate heat dissipation.

[0048] In summary, the water-air disinfection system for dental comprehensive treatment machines of the present invention has a compact structure, is easy to operate, and has low maintenance costs. It can be seamlessly integrated into dental comprehensive treatment machines, providing an efficient, intelligent, and safe solution for water-air disinfection during dental treatment, effectively reducing the risk of cross-infection, and has significant clinical application value and promotion prospects.

[0049] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A water-air disinfection system for a dental comprehensive treatment machine, characterized in that, include: The shell is a hollow structure, and one end of the shell is respectively provided with a water connection component and an air connection component. The water connection component includes a water inlet and a water outlet, and the air connection component includes an air inlet and an air outlet. An ultraviolet disinfection module is used to sterilize and disinfect the air source; an air inlet pipe is connected between the input end of the ultraviolet disinfection module and the air inlet, and an air outlet pipe is connected between the output end and the air outlet; a differential pressure sensor is installed on the air inlet pipe to detect airflow fluctuations in real time. The PEM low-pressure electrolysis module is used to sterilize and disinfect water sources. The PEM low-pressure electrolysis module has a built-in self-cleaning component, and the input end of the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module is connected to the water inlet through an inlet pipe, and the output end is connected to the water outlet through an outlet pipe. A flow sensor is installed on the inlet pipe to detect water flow in real time. The control module is fixedly connected to the top of the housing. The control module is electrically connected to the ultraviolet disinfection module and the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module respectively. An ozone concentration adjustment component is connected between the control module and the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module to adjust the amount of ozone generated in different areas of the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module. It also includes a false start protection module, which comprises a dual-chamber buffer isolation tank and an intelligent pressure relief valve assembly. The dual-chamber buffer isolation tank is disposed between the ultraviolet disinfection module and the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module and fixed on the housing, and the input end of the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank is respectively connected to the air inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe; the intelligent pressure relief valve assembly is respectively installed at the connection between the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank and the air inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe, and the intelligent pressure relief valve assembly is electrically connected to the control module. When the differential pressure sensor and flow sensor detect unexpected pressure fluctuations or flow surges in the water or air circuit of the water-air disinfection system, the control module starts timing; if the flow or pressure continues to exceed the threshold for more than 3 seconds, the water-air disinfection system starts working; if the flow or pressure continues to exceed the threshold for no more than 3 seconds, the intelligent pressure relief valve group automatically opens and absorbs the instantaneous pressure or flow fluctuations through the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank, and the water-air disinfection system does not start.

2. The dental comprehensive treatment machine with water-air disinfection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-chamber buffer isolation tank is equipped with an elastic diaphragm, which divides the dual-chamber buffer isolation tank into upper and lower chambers for connecting the air and water circuits. An air guide pipe is connected between the input end of the upper chamber and the air inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe is provided on the output end. A water guide pipe is connected between the input end of the lower chamber and the water inlet pipe, and a drain pipe is provided on the output end.

3. The dental comprehensive treatment machine with water-air disinfection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PEM low-voltage electrolysis module includes an electrolytic cell, electrode assemblies, and annular heat dissipation fins. Multiple sets of electrode assemblies are provided, and the multiple sets of electrode assemblies are detachably connected to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell. The bottom of the electrode assembly is provided with a mounting base. The annular heat dissipation fins are integrally formed on the outer surface of the electrolytic cell and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the electrolytic cell.

4. The dental comprehensive treatment machine with water-air disinfection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electrode assembly includes N anode plates and N-1 cathode plates, which are arranged in sequence at intervals. The bottom of the anode plates and cathode plates are fixedly connected to L-shaped mounting brackets, and a flexible graphite thermal pad is embedded between the L-shaped mounting brackets and the mounting base.

5. The water-air disinfection system for the dental comprehensive treatment machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-cleaning component includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a reverse pulse current generating module. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet is attached to both sides of the electrode assembly and is electrically connected to the control module to convert electrical energy into ultrasonic vibration energy to peel off the scale adhering to the surface of the electrode assembly. The reverse pulse current generating module is electrically connected to the control module and forms a pulsed electric field on the outer periphery of the electrode assembly. Multi-field coupling and synergistic cleaning is achieved through ultrasound and electric field.

6. The dental comprehensive treatment machine with water-air disinfection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ozone concentration regulation component includes an ozone concentration sensor and a current regulation unit. The ozone concentration sensor is installed on the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module and is electrically connected to the control module. The current regulation unit is located on the control module and is electrically connected to both the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module and the control module. The control module adjusts the operating current of the PEM low-voltage electrolysis module through the current regulation unit according to the ozone concentration detected by the ozone concentration sensor in different areas.

7. The water-air disinfection system for the dental comprehensive treatment machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A reverse osmosis filter is installed on the air inlet pipe. The reverse osmosis filter has a detachable structure and includes a PP filter element, an activated carbon filter element, and an RO filter element connected in sequence in the water flow direction. The PP filter element, activated carbon filter element, and RO filter element are interconnected through water supply pipes. A combined solenoid valve is installed between the PP filter element and the water inlet. A booster pump is installed between the RO filter element and the PEM low-pressure electrolysis module.

8. The water-air disinfection system for the dental comprehensive treatment machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is also provided with a heat dissipation component to accelerate heat dissipation inside the housing; the heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation fan and a heat dissipation grille, the heat dissipation grille is installed on the two side walls of the housing, the heat dissipation fan is positioned opposite the heat dissipation grille, and the heat dissipation fan is electrically connected to the control module.

9. The water-air disinfection system for the dental comprehensive treatment machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultraviolet disinfection module includes a base, a housing fixed on the base, and an ultraviolet lamp installed inside the housing. The base is fixed to the housing by bolts. The housing is a hollow cylindrical structure, and an exhaust valve is provided at the bottom of the housing. The ultraviolet lamp and the housing axis are on the same straight line, and a quartz glass sleeve is fitted on the outside of the ultraviolet lamp.

10. The water-air disinfection system for the dental comprehensive treatment machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes a microcontroller, a switch button, and an LCD display, with the microcontroller electrically connected to both the switch button and the LCD display.

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