A superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing measurement multifunctional swing head

Abstract

This invention proposes a multi-functional tilting head for superimposed 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, machining, and measurement, relating to the field of machining centers. Its key feature is that the tilting head's spindle taper hole is interchangeably connected to pneumatic tools, lathe tools, swivel tools, radio probes, laser nozzles, and laser welding guns, enabling five-axis linkage machining, five-axis position measurement, 3D printing, laser welding, and laser surface treatment of parts. This multi-functional, multi-process combination allows for continuous laser manufacturing of parts, including 3D printing, laser welding, and laser surface treatment. It also enables high-efficiency subtractive machining and high-speed, high-precision machining. Furthermore, it can detect the five-axis position of any point on the surface of the machined part. This multi-functional, multi-process application equipment, superimposed with 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, machining, and measurement, achieves the integrated fusion of laser additive manufacturing technology, five-axis linkage machining technology, and five-axis position measurement technology, aligning with development trends and meeting market demands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining centers. The swivel head is a core component of a swivel head rotary table hybrid five-axis linkage machining center. This invention also relates to laser additive manufacturing and five-axis linkage machining. Background Technology

[0002] Five-axis linkage machining is the foundation of modern mechanical manufacturing technology. Laser additive manufacturing overcomes the problems of low material utilization and long manufacturing cycle, and is currently the mainstream manufacturing technology. However, in the existing technology, two manufacturing technologies are independently implemented by using different equipment components. Therefore, the proposal of a multi-functional and multi-process application equipment for oscillating head superposition 3D printing welding surface treatment processing measurement is very important and indispensable. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention proposes a multi-functional swing head for superimposed 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, processing, and measurement, and a multi-process application equipment for the swing head superimposed with 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, processing, and measurement. The swing head spindle is fixedly connected to a pneumatic tool, lathe tool, swivel tool, laser nozzle, laser welding gun, and wireless probe through a tapered hole. It realizes five-axis linkage machining, 3D printing, laser welding, laser surface treatment, and five-axis position measurement, combining multiple functions and processes. This multi-functional and multi-process application equipment overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, realizes the integration of laser additive manufacturing technology, five-axis linkage machining technology, and five-axis position measurement technology, improves the intelligent manufacturing capability and application scenarios of the equipment, optimizes the equipment structure, reduces the equipment cost, conforms to the equipment development trend, and meets market demand.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions are as follows.

[0005] A multi-functional oscillating head for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing and measurement, characterized in that it includes: a oscillating head motor stator mechanism, a front bearing mechanism, a rear bearing mechanism, an oscillating head motor rotor mechanism, an oscillating head spindle locking mechanism, a flange cylinder mechanism, and the oscillating head is fixedly connected to pneumatic tools, lathe tools, slitting tools, laser nozzles, laser welding guns, and radio probes. The oscillating head is a multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing and measurement.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include: the oscillating head spindle tapered hole can be fixedly connected to pneumatic tools, lathe tools, swivel tools, laser nozzles, laser welding guns, and radio probes; the oscillating head superimposed with 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, processing, and measurement multi-functional and multi-process application equipment realizes the integration of oscillating head five-axis linkage machining, 3D printing, laser welding, laser surface treatment, and five-axis position measurement; the oscillating head, horizontal turntable A-axis, and vertical turntable W-axis form an eight-axis five-linkage system with XYZABUVW, enabling the oscillating head to perform five-axis linkage machining, 3D printing, laser welding, laser surface treatment continuous composite manufacturing, and online measurement of parts on the A-axis horizontal turntable top plate type; the oscillating head, vertical turntable C-axis, and horizontal turntable W-axis form an eight-axis five-linkage system with XYZBCUVW, enabling the oscillating head to perform five-axis linkage machining, 3D printing, laser welding, laser surface treatment continuous composite manufacturing, and online measurement of parts on the C-axis vertical turntable top plate type. Attached Figure Description

[0007] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0008] Figure 1 The attached diagram is a schematic diagram of the fixed connection between the oscillating head and the pneumatic cutting tool.

[0009] Figure 2 The attached diagram is a schematic diagram of the fixed connection between the oscillating head and the laser nozzle.

[0010] Figure 3 The attached diagram shows a schematic diagram of the fixed connection between the oscillating head and the laser welding gun.

[0011] Figure 4 The attached image shows the main view of a multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, machining, and measurement using a tilting head superposition method.

[0012] Figure 5 The attached image is a left view of a multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, machining, and measurement using a tilting head superposition method.

[0013] Figure 6 The attached image is a top view of a multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, machining, and measurement using a tilting head superposition method. Detailed Implementation

[0014] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this invention, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solution of this invention and should not be considered as the entirety of the invention or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this invention.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 A more complete and clear description is as follows.

[0016] In this embodiment, a multi-functional swing head for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing and measurement is characterized by comprising: a swing head stator structure, a swing head front bearing structure, a swing head rear bearing structure, a swing head spindle rotor structure, a swing head spindle locking structure, a swing head flange cylinder structure, a swing head fixedly connected to a pneumatic tool, a lathe tool, and a slitting tool, a swing head fixedly connected to a radio probe, and a swing head fixedly connected to a laser nozzle and a laser welding gun, thus providing a multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing and measurement.

[0017] The oscillating stator structure includes: a motor stator outer sleeve 63 and a motor stator 62, with the inner hole of the motor stator outer sleeve 63 and the outer circle of the motor stator 62 having an interference fit.

[0018] The front bearing structure of the oscillating head includes: a front bearing housing 1, a front bearing housing sealing and positioning end cover 20, a shaft-mounted combined seal ring 64 for the front bearing housing sealing and positioning end cover 20, a front bearing housing sealing and positioning end cover plate 21, a nut cover plate 3, a self-locking adjusting nut 5, a sealing cover plate 17, a shaft-mounted combined seal ring 7 for the sealing cover plate 17, and a main shaft end cover 16. The nut cover plate 3 is fixedly connected to the front bearing housing 1, the sealing cover plate 17 is fixedly connected to the nut cover plate 3, and the main shaft end cover 16 is fixedly connected to the sealing cover plate 17. The sealing and positioning end cover 20 is fixedly connected to the front bearing housing 1. The sealing and positioning end cover plate 21 of the front bearing housing is fixedly connected to the sealing and positioning end cover 20 of the front bearing housing. The front bearing housing 1 is fixedly connected to the motor stator outer sleeve 63. The self-locking adjusting nut 5 is threadedly fixedly connected to the nut cover plate 3. The self-locking adjusting nut 5 locks the outer rings of the four front ball bearings 2 in the axial position of the inner hole of the front bearing housing 1. The outer rings of the four front ball bearings 2 are fixedly connected to the inner hole of the front bearing housing 1. The self-locking adjusting nut 5 locks the axial position of the main shaft 39.

[0019] The rear bearing structure of the oscillating head includes: a rear bearing housing 60, a rear bearing housing sealing and positioning end cover 29, a shaft-mounted combined seal ring 28 for the rear bearing housing sealing and positioning end cover 29, a rear bearing housing sealing and positioning end cover plate 61, an oil-water separation sealing sleeve 58, an oil-water separation sealing sleeve 58, a shaft-mounted combined seal ring 59, a rear bearing housing sealing end cover 33, a shaft-mounted combined seal ring 34, a rear bearing outer ring positioning pin 31, a rear bearing housing sealing end cover plate 55, and an encoder reader 54. The rear bearing housing sealing end cover 33 is fixedly connected to the rear bearing housing 60, and the encoder reader 54 is fixedly connected to the rear bearing housing sealing end cover 33. The rear bearing housing is sealed and positioned. End cap 29 is fixedly connected to rear bearing housing 60. Rear bearing housing sealing and positioning end cap 61 is fixedly connected to rear bearing housing sealing and positioning end cap 29. Rear bearing housing sealing end cap 55 is fixedly connected to rear bearing housing sealing end cap 33. Rear bearing housing 60 is fixedly connected to motor stator outer sleeve 63. The outer circle of oil-water separation sealing sleeve 58 is clearance-fitted with the inner hole of rear bearing housing sealing end cap 33. The outer rings of two rear ball bearings 30 are clearance-fitted with the inner hole of rear bearing housing 60. Rear bearing outer ring positioning pin 31 prevents the outer rings of the two rear ball bearings 30 from rotating in the inner hole of rear bearing housing 60. The outer rings of the two rear ball bearings 30 can move axially freely in the inner hole of rear bearing housing 60.

[0020] The oscillating head spindle rotor structure includes: a spindle 39, four front ball bearings 2, a front bearing rear bushing 19, a motor rotor 23, a rotor inner sleeve 22, a rotor locking outer cover plate 26, a rotor locking inner cover plate 25, a rotor locking double tapered sleeve 24, a rear bearing front bushing 27, two rear ball bearings 30, a rear bearing rear bushing 36, a flange bushing 51, an encoder gear 53, a self-locking nut 50, a tie rod 41, a disc spring 65, a disc spring retainer 18, a four-lobed claw 15, a four-lobed claw connecting cylinder 8, and a spindle sealing top cover 42. The inner rings of the four front ball bearings 2 and the two rear ball bearings 30 are transition-fitted with the outer circle of the spindle 39. The front bearing rear bushing 19, the rotor inner sleeve 22, the rear bearing front bushing 27, the rear bearing rear bushing 36, and the flange bushing 51 are clearance-fitted with the outer circle of the spindle 39. The inner hole of the rotor locking double tapered sleeve 24 is clearance-fitted with the outer circle of the rotor inner sleeve 22. The inner hole of rotor 23 is interference-fitted with the outer circle of rotor inner sleeve 22. The self-locking nut 50 locks the inner rings of the four front ball bearings 2, the rear bushing 19 of the front bearing, the rotor inner sleeve 22, the front bushing 27 of the rear bearing, the inner rings of the two rear ball bearings 30, the rear bushing 36 of the rear bearing, and the flange bushing 51 in the axial position on the main shaft 39. The rotor locking inner cover plate 25 and the rotor locking outer cover plate 26 are pressed together with screws. The rotor locking double tapered sleeve 24 shrinks and deforms. The outer circle of rotor inner sleeve 22 is interference-fitted with the inner hole of double tapered sleeve 24. The rotor inner sleeve 22 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 39. The main shaft sealing top cover 42 is fixedly connected to the flange bushing 51. The four-lobed claw 15 is movably connected to the four-lobed claw connecting cylinder 8. The pull rod 41 is threadedly fixedly connected to the four-lobed claw connecting cylinder 8. The encoder gear 53 is fixedly connected to the flange bushing 51. The encoder reading head 54 automatically detects the rotation position of the main shaft 39 through the encoder gear 53.

[0021] The spindle locking structure includes: a spindle locking outer sleeve 49 and a spindle locking inner sleeve 52. The inner hole of the spindle locking outer sleeve 49 is clearance-fitted with the outer circle of the spindle locking inner sleeve 52. The inner hole of the spindle locking inner sleeve 52 is clearance-fitted with the outer circle of the flange bushing 51 and the outer circle of the spindle sealing top cover 42. The spindle locking outer sleeve 49 is fixedly connected to the spindle locking inner sleeve 52. The spindle locking outer sleeve 49 is fixedly connected to the rear bearing seat sealing end cover 33.

[0022] The swivel flange hydraulic cylinder mechanism includes: hydraulic cylinder flange 48, hydraulic cylinder 43, piston rod 44, connecting plate guide post 46, connecting plate 45, tool release position sensor 38, and tool tightening position sensor 47. The hydraulic cylinder 43 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder flange 48, the hydraulic cylinder flange 48 is fixedly connected to the main shaft locking sleeve 49, the connecting plate guide post 46 is interference-fitted with the pin hole of the hydraulic cylinder flange 48, the connecting plate 45 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 44, the connecting plate 45 is slidably connected to the connecting plate guide post 46, and the tool release position sensor 38 and the tool tightening position sensor 47 are fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder flange 48.

[0023] The fixed connection between the oscillating head and the pneumatic cutting tool, lathe tool, and insert tool includes: the pneumatic cutting tool component consists of a pull stud 14, a tool holder 9, a pneumatic rotor 13, a pneumatic rotor outer sleeve 12, a pneumatic rotor outer sleeve end cap 10, and a pneumatic cutting tool 11. The tool holder 9 is fixedly connected to the tapered hole of the spindle 39. The pull stud 14 is threadedly fixedly connected to the pneumatic rotor outer sleeve 12. The pneumatic rotor 13 is rotatably connected to the pneumatic rotor outer sleeve 12. The pneumatic rotor outer sleeve end cap 10 is fixedly connected to the pneumatic rotor outer sleeve 12. The pneumatic cutting tool 11 is fixedly connected to the tapered hole of the pneumatic rotor 13. The pneumatic cutting tool 11 is rotatably connected to the pneumatic rotor outer sleeve end cap 10.

[0024] Low-pressure oil from the hydraulic system enters the rodless working oil chamber of cylinder 43 through oil inlet 40, pushing piston rod 44 and connecting plate 45 to move. Connecting plate 45 pushes pull rod 41 to move, four-lobed claw 15 releases pull pin 14, and the end face of cylinder 8 connected to the four-lobed claw pushes pull pin 14 to move, thus releasing tool holder 9.

[0025] Low-pressure hydraulic oil enters the rod-operated working oil chamber of cylinder 43 through oil inlet 37 of cylinder flange 48, pushing piston rod 44 and connecting plate 45 back. Connecting plate 45 moves away from pull rod 41, disc spring 65 automatically tightens pull pin 14 with four-lobed claw 15, tool holder 9 is fixedly connected to tapered hole of spindle 39, tool tightening position sensor 47 detects the tool tightening position, tool loosening position sensor 38 detects the tool loosening position, the relay controlled by tool loosening position sensor 38 and the relay controlled by tool tightening position sensor 47 are interlocked to eliminate electromagnetic interference that could cause relay malfunction.

[0026] The oil inlet 35 of the spindle locking sleeve 49 is supplied with high-pressure hydraulic oil. The spindle locking inner sleeve 52 undergoes elastic deformation, and the inner hole of the spindle locking inner sleeve 52 forms an interference fit with the outer circle of the flange bushing 51 and the outer circle of the spindle sealing top cover 42, thus mechanically locking the spindle 39. This enables the spindle 39 to clamp cutting tools and tool holders. The oil in the working oil chamber between the spindle locking inner sleeve 52 and the spindle locking outer sleeve 49 is supplied to the oil tank. The oil pressure in the working oil chamber between the spindle locking inner sleeve 52 and the spindle locking outer sleeve 49 drops to zero. The inner hole of the spindle locking inner sleeve 52 returns to a clearance fit with the outer circle of the flange bushing 51 and the outer circle of the spindle sealing top cover 42, and the mechanical locking of the spindle 39 is automatically released.

[0027] The circulating cooling oil of the oscillating motor rotor 23 enters through the oil inlet 4 of the sealing cover plate 17, passes through the oil cavity between the inner hole of the sealing cover plate 17 and the main shaft 39, the oil cavity between the inner hole of the self-locking adjusting nut 5 and the main shaft 39, the four ball bearings 2, the radially evenly distributed holes of the rear bushing 19 of the front bearing, the oil groove in the inner hole of the rear bushing 19 of the front bearing, the oil grooves evenly distributed on the outer circle of the main shaft 39, the oil cavity between the inner hole of the rotor inner sleeve 22 and the main shaft 39, the oil grooves evenly distributed on the outer circle of the main shaft 39, the oil groove in the inner hole of the front bushing 27 of the rear bearing, the radially evenly distributed holes of the front bushing 27 of the rear bearing, and the two rear ball bearings 30, and flows out through the oil outlet 57 of the rear bearing seat 60, thus realizing the circulating oil lubrication and cooling of the four front ball bearings 2 and the two rear ball bearings 30 of the main shaft 39 and the motor rotor 23.

[0028] The circulating cooling water for the stator outer sleeve 63 of the oscillating motor enters through the inlet 56 of the rear bearing housing sealing end cover 33, flows through the water groove and evenly distributed holes on the end face of the rear bearing housing sealing end cover 33, the water groove and evenly distributed holes on the end face of the rear bearing housing 60, the water groove and evenly distributed holes on the end face of the motor stator outer sleeve 63, the water groove and evenly distributed holes on the end face of the front bearing housing 1, the water groove and evenly distributed holes on the end face of the nut cover plate 3, and the water groove and evenly distributed holes on the end face of the sealing cover plate 17, and flows out through the outlet 6 of the main shaft end cover 16, thereby achieving circulating water cooling for the motor stator 62, the outer rings of the four front ball bearings 2, and the outer rings of the two rear ball bearings 30.

[0029] The stator coil 62 of the oscillating motor adopts a star connection. The electric drive motor rotor 23 rotates at a low speed with a high torque of less than 5000 r / min. The pressurized air enters through the air inlet 32 ​​of the sealing end cover 33 of the rear bearing seat, passes through the outer circle air groove and the axially evenly distributed holes of the air groove of the rear bearing bushing 36, the air groove and the axially evenly distributed holes of the air groove of the flange bushing 51, the main shaft sealing top cover 42, the tie rod 41, the disc spring 65, the radially evenly distributed holes and the axially evenly distributed holes of the disc spring retainer 18, the four-lobed claw connecting cylinder 8, the four-lobed claw 15, the central air hole of the pull stud 14, and flows out through the pneumatic rotor 13. The pneumatic drive pneumatic rotor 13 rotates at a low speed with a high torque of less than 5000 r / min in the same direction as the motor rotor 23. The rotational power of the electric drive motor rotor 23 and the rotational power of the pneumatic drive pneumatic rotor 13 are superimposed. The pneumatic cutter 11 rotates with superimposed high power by electric combined drive. The pneumatic cutter 11 removes the part material with high efficiency.

[0030] The stator coil 62 of the oscillating motor adopts a delta connection. The electric drive motor rotor 23 rotates at a high speed of more than 5000 r / min. The pressurized air enters through the air inlet 32 ​​of the sealing end cover 33 of the rear bearing seat, passes through the outer circle air groove and the axially evenly distributed holes of the air groove of the rear bearing bushing 36, the air groove and the axially evenly distributed holes of the air groove of the flange bushing 51, the main shaft sealing top cover 42, the tie rod 41, the disc spring 65, the radially evenly distributed holes and the axially evenly distributed holes of the disc spring retainer 18, the four-lobed claw connecting cylinder 8, the four-lobed claw 15, the central air hole of the pull stud 14, and flows out through the pneumatic rotor 13. The pneumatic drive pneumatic rotor 13 rotates at a high speed of more than 5000 r / min in the same direction as the motor rotor 23. The high rotation speed of the electric drive motor rotor 23 and the high rotation speed of the pneumatic drive pneumatic rotor 13 are superimposed. The pneumatic tool 11 rotates at an ultra-high speed of more than 10000 r / min with the combined electric and electrical drive of the tool rotation. The pneumatic tool 11 performs high-precision machining of parts.

[0031] The fixed connection between the oscillating head and the radio probe is characterized by the fact that the oscillating head can measure the five-axis position of any point on the machined surface of the part, realizing the on-machine qualification inspection of the part.

[0032] The fixed connection between the oscillating head and the laser nozzle and laser welding gun is characterized by the following: the circulating cooling water of the oscillating head spindle enters through the inlet 32 ​​of the rear bearing seat sealing end cover 33, flows out through the water groove in the middle of the outer circle of the rear bearing bushing 36 and the axially evenly distributed holes on one side of the water groove, the water groove of the flange bushing 51 and the axially evenly distributed holes of the water groove, the spindle sealing top cover 42, the tie rod 41, the disc spring 65, the disc spring retainer 18 and the radially evenly distributed holes and the axially evenly distributed holes, the four-lobed claw connecting cylinder 8, and the four-lobed claw 15, and flows into the water hole 66 in the center of the pull stud of the laser nozzle 70, flows through the cooling water channel of the laser nozzle 70, and then flows out through the water outlet 69, realizing the circulating water cooling of the laser nozzle 70. The pressurized gas enters the laser nozzle 70 through the laser nozzle 70 inlet 68, the powder is fed into the laser nozzle 70 through the laser nozzle 70 inlet 71, and the control cable is connected to the laser nozzle 70 through the laser nozzle 70 inlet 67.

[0033] The central circulating cooling water of the oscillating head spindle flows into the laser welding gun 77 through the center hole 72 of the tie rod, passes through the cooling water channel of the laser welding gun 77, and then flows out through the water outlet 75, realizing the circulating water cooling of the laser welding gun 77. Pressurized gas enters the laser welding gun 77 through the laser welding gun 77 inlet 74. The wire feed is guided by the laser welding gun 77 guide tube 76. The control cable is connected to the laser welding gun 77 through the laser welding gun 77 inlet 73. The oscillating head motor drives the laser welding gun to change the wire feeding direction.

[0034] The oscillating head is fixedly connected to the laser nozzle and laser welding gun, enabling continuous laser manufacturing of parts, including 3D printing, laser welding, and laser surface treatment.

[0035] The multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, processing, and measurement includes: a B-axis set on the central axis of the crossbeam 99 and rotatably connected to the crossbeam 99; the B-axis is directly driven by a torque motor 94; one end of the B-axis is vertically fixedly connected to the swing head 79 at the worktable 104; the other end of the B-axis is fixedly and directly connected to an angle grating ruler; the rotor of the B-axis torque motor 94 is equipped with a mechanical locking mechanism; the stator of the B-axis torque motor 94 is equipped with circulating water cooling; the rotor and bearings of the B-axis torque motor 92 are equipped with circulating oil cooling; and the B-axis drives the swing head 79 to swing in positive and negative directions.

[0036] A crossbeam 99 is mounted on the top surface of a support slide 90. Two linear guides fixed to the bottom surface of the crossbeam 99 are slidably connected to a slider fixed to the top surface of the support slide 90. Fixed support seats 82 and 89 are mounted on the top surface of the crossbeam 99. Slider blocks fixed to the bottom surfaces of fixed support seats 82 and 89 are slidably connected to two linear guides fixed to the top surface of the crossbeam 99. A balance block 103 is mounted on the top surface of fixed support seats 82 and 89. Two linear guides fixed to the bottom surface of the balance block 103 are slidably connected to sliders fixed to the top surfaces of fixed support seats 82 and 89. This balances the crossbeam 99 on the Y-axis. During motion, the center of gravity shifts. A Y-axis servo motor 95 drives the crossbeam 99, and a U-axis servo motor 93 drives the balance block 103. The weight of the Y-axis crossbeam 99 motion mechanism is equal to the weight of the U-axis balance block 103 motion mechanism. The pitch of the U-axis ball screw 102 is twice that of the Y-axis ball screw 98. The Y-axis screw nut seat is fixedly connected to the support slide 90. The bearing seats at both ends of the Y-axis ball screw 98 are fixedly connected to the crossbeam 99. The Y-axis servo motor 95 drives the crossbeam 99 to reciprocate on the support slide 90. The U-axis screw nut seat is fixedly connected to the balance block 103. The U-axis ball screw 102... 02 The bearing seats at both ends are fixedly connected to the crossbeam 99. The U-axis servo motor 93 drives the balance block 103 to reciprocate on the crossbeam 99. The crossbeam 99 and the balance block 103 move synchronously towards each other relative to the center position of the support slide 90. The Y-axis is the driving axis and the U-axis is the driven axis. The Y-axis is equipped with a grating ruler for closed-loop control. The fixed support seat 82 and fixed support seat 89 located between the crossbeam 99 and the balance block 103 are equivalent to double-sided sliders, used to allow the crossbeam 99 and the balance block 103 to slide respectively. The cylinder bodies of the four support plunger cylinders 80 prevent the fixed support seat 82 and fixed support seat 89 from moving in the Y-axis direction. Manual rotation By adjusting the relative position of the balance block 103 and the crossbeam 99 using the ball screw 102, the combined center of gravity of the crossbeam 99 motion mechanism and the balance block 103 motion mechanism can be adjusted to the center position of the support slide 90. When the crossbeam 99 and the balance block 103 move synchronously towards each other relative to the center position of the support slide 90, the combined center of gravity of the crossbeam 99 motion mechanism and the balance block 103 motion mechanism always remains stationary at the center of the support slide 90. This ensures that the magnitude and direction of the force exerted by each slider fixed on the support slide 90 on the crossbeam 99 are always equal and unchanged, breaking through the technical bottleneck that the Y-axis crossbeam 99 should not extend too far.

[0037] Rectangular columns 81 and 88 are vertically and fixedly connected to the machine tool base 112. Two linear guides fixed to the side of rectangular column 81 are slidably connected to a slider fixed to one side of the support slide 90. Two linear guides fixed to the side of rectangular column 88 are slidably connected to a slider fixed to the other side of the support slide 90. The Z-axis ball screw nut seat and the V-axis ball screw nut seat are fixedly connected to the support slide 90 on the top surface of the support slide 90. The lower bearing seats of the Z-axis ball screw 83 and the V-axis ball screw 86 are fixedly connected to the machine tool base 112. The upper bearing seats of the Z-axis ball screw 86 and the V-axis ball screw 86 are fixedly connected to the fixed seat 87. The Z-axis ball screw 83 and V-axis ball screw 86 are symmetrically arranged around the center of the support slide 90. The cylinder bodies of the four support plunger cylinders 80 are fixedly connected to the support slide 90, and the lower ends of the plungers of the four support plunger cylinders 80 are fixedly connected to the machine tool base 112. The hydraulic system of the counterweight balancing mechanism automatically balances the weight of the moving mechanism of the support slide 90 through the four support plunger cylinders 80. The Z-axis servo motor 84 and the V-axis servo motor 85 synchronously drive the moving mechanism of the support slide 90 to reciprocate up and down between the rectangular columns 81 and 88. The Z-axis is the driving axis, and the V-axis is the driven axis. The Z-axis and V-axis are equipped with closed-loop control by grating rulers. The counterweight balancing mechanism uses a booster cylinder to automatically store high-pressure and low-pressure oil in the hydraulic system. The high-pressure oil controls the mechanical locking of the horizontal turntable's rotating shaft, the vertical turntable's rotating shaft, the B-axis rotating shaft, and the swivel head spindle. The low-pressure oil controls the clamping and releasing motion of the four-lobed jaws 15, and the cutting arm 100 and cutting arm 97 for tool removal, tool rotation, and linear motion. The hydraulic system of the counterweight balancing mechanism automatically balances the weight of the moving mechanism of the support slide 90 through four support piston cylinders 80. The counterweight balancing mechanism is equipped with leakage and pressure loss protection control for the support piston cylinders 80.

[0038] The worktable 104 is set on the top surface of the machine tool base 112. The slider fixed on the bottom surface of the worktable 104 is slidably connected to the linear guide rail fixed on the top surface of the machine tool base 112. The bearing seats at both ends of the X-axis ball screw 115 are fixedly connected to the machine tool base 112. The X-axis screw nut seat is fixedly connected to the worktable 104. The servo motor 116 drives the worktable 104 to reciprocate on the machine tool base 112. The X-axis is equipped with a grating ruler for closed-loop control.

[0039] Circular tool magazines 101 and 96 are mounted on and fixedly connected to the fixed base 87. Tool holders 1-29 of circular tool magazine 101 hold tools 1-29, and tool holders 1-30 of circular tool magazine 96 hold tools 30-59. The swivel head 79 rises to the first tool change point, and the B-axis drives the swivel head 79 to rotate to a 90-degree position. The rotor of the B-axis torque motor is mechanically locked. The swivel head 79 rises to the second tool change point. The tool arm 100 enables the pneumatic tools, turning tools, slitting tools, laser nozzles, laser welding guns, and radio probes in tool holders 1-29 of circular tool magazine 101 to exchange with the spindle taper hole of the swivel head 79. The swivel head 79 descends to the first tool change point, and the mechanical locking of the rotor of the B-axis torque motor is released. The 30th tool holder of the circular tool magazine 101 is not equipped with any tools. The tool arm 97 first transfers tools 30-59 from tool holders 1-30 of the circular tool magazine 96 to tool holder 30 of the circular tool magazine 101. Then, the tools in tool holder 30 of the circular tool magazine 101 are exchanged with the swing head 79. The swing head 79 first returns tools 30-59 to tool holder 30 of the circular tool magazine 101 through the tool arm 100. Then, the tool arm 97 returns the tools in tool holder 30 of the circular tool magazine 101 to the circular tool magazine 96.

[0040] A horizontal rotary table 92 is fixedly connected to the worktable 104 at the top right end. The rotation axis of the horizontal rotary table 92 is parallel to the X-axis. The horizontal rotary table 92 is directly driven by a torque motor. An angle grating ruler is fixedly connected to the rotation axis of the horizontal rotary table 92. The rotor of the horizontal rotary table 92 is equipped with a mechanical locking mechanism. The stator of the torque motor is equipped with circulating water cooling, and the rotor and bearings of the torque motor are equipped with circulating oil cooling. A vertical rotary table 78 is fixedly connected to the worktable 104 at the top left end. The rotation axis of the vertical rotary table 78 is parallel to the Z-axis. The vertical rotary table 78 is directly driven by a torque motor. An angle grating ruler is fixedly connected to the vertical rotary table 92 at the top right end. The rotating shaft of the vertical rotary table 78 is fixedly connected. The rotor of the vertical rotary table 78 is equipped with a mechanical locking mechanism. The stator of the torque motor is equipped with circulating water cooling, and the rotor and bearings of the torque motor are equipped with circulating oil cooling. The rotating axis of the horizontal rotary table 92 is perpendicular to the rotating axis of the vertical rotary table 78. A laser tool setter 91 is installed on the top surface of the horizontal rotary table 92. The laser tool setter 91 can measure the distance from the top of the swing head 79 to the end face of the swing head spindle and the diameter of the tool. The horizontal rotary table 92 clamps shaft-type parts. The horizontal rotary table 92 is positioned at A... The vertical rotary table 78 is named the W-axis, and the A-axis and W-axis are synchronous axes. The A-axis is the driving axis, and the W-axis is the driven axis. The swivel head 79, together with the A-axis horizontal rotary table 92 and the W-axis vertical rotary table 78, forms an eight-axis five-linkage system using XYZABUVW. The top trajectory of the swivel head 79 corresponds to the AB type machine tool post-processor, which generates the XYZAB five-axis program. The swivel head 79 performs five-axis linkage machining, 3D printing, laser welding, laser surface treatment continuous composite manufacturing, and online measurement of the shaft-type parts on the A-axis horizontal rotary table. The vertical rotary table 78 clamps disc-shaped parts. The vertical rotary table 78 is named after the C-axis, and the horizontal rotary table 92 is named after the W-axis. The C-axis and W-axis are synchronous axes, with the C-axis being the driving axis and the W-axis being the driven axis. The swivel head 79, together with the C-axis vertical rotary table 78 and the W-axis horizontal rotary table 92, forms an eight-axis five-linkage system using XYZBCUVW. The top trajectory of the swivel head 79 corresponds to the BC-type machine tool post-processor, generating an XYZBC five-axis program. The swivel head 79 performs five-axis linkage machining, 3D printing, laser welding, laser surface treatment continuous composite manufacturing, and online measurement on the disc-shaped parts on the C-axis vertical rotary table.

[0041] This multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for swivel head superposition 3D printing welding surface treatment processing measurement, with water tanks 107, 110, 113, 118, and 111 storing over ten tons of circulating water and hydraulic system circulating oil, is equipped with heat exchangers, ensuring stable operating temperatures for the circulating water and circulating oil.

[0042] This multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, processing, and measurement, featuring a swivel head and superimposed 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, and measurement system, includes a movable protective door in the closed position, a counterweight balancing mechanism protective cover 109, rectangular columns 81 and 88, an electrical control cabinet 114, a movable protective door 117, a fixed protective cover 119, a movable protective door 120, a movable protective door 108, a fixed protective cover 106, and a movable protective door 105. This system facilitates parts loading and unloading while providing a five-axis linkage machining, 3D printing, and laser manufacturing enclosed protection system.

[0043] This multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, machining, and measurement, featuring a swivel head and overlapping 3D printing technology, incorporates a circular tool magazine and tool arm. The swivel head can interchangeably connect to pneumatic tools, lathe tools, cutting tools, wireless probes, laser nozzles, and laser welding guns. The equipment combines the advantages of a large swivel head rotary table hybrid eight-axis five-linkage machining center, a large rotary table with combined sealing rings, and an electrically driven tool rotation spindle. This optimized equipment structure, reduced costs, and improved intelligent manufacturing capabilities and application scenarios. The swivel head superimposed 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, machining, and measurement multi-functional, multi-process application equipment achieves the integrated fusion of five-axis linkage machining technology, five-axis position measurement technology, and laser additive manufacturing technology, aligning with development trends and meeting market demands.

[0044] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional tilting head for measuring surface treatment and machining using superimposed 3D printing welding, characterized in that: The oscillating head spindle taper hole is fixedly connected to pneumatic tools, lathe tools, slitting tools, radio probes, laser nozzles, and laser welding guns. It is a multi-functional and multi-process application equipment for oscillating head superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing measurement. The taper hole of the oscillating head spindle is fixedly connected to the pneumatic tool, lathe tool, and swivel tool. The oscillating head can remove part material to meet the precision machining requirements of the part. The taper hole of the oscillating head spindle is fixedly connected to the radio probe. The oscillating head can measure the five-axis position of any point on the machined surface of the part, realizing the on-machine qualification inspection of the part. The taper hole of the swing head spindle is fixedly connected to the laser nozzle and the laser welding gun. The swing head can perform 3D printing, laser welding, laser surface treatment and continuous laser manufacturing of parts. The swing head superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing measurement multi-functional and multi-process application equipment, with circular tool magazine and tool arm working together, completes the exchange connection between the swing head spindle tapered hole and pneumatic tools, turning tools, slitting tools, radio probes, laser nozzles and laser welding guns. The swing head performs five-axis linkage machining, five-axis position measurement, 3D printing, laser welding and laser surface treatment of parts, and combines cross-function superposition and cross-process integration.

2. The multi-functional tilting head for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing head superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing measurement multi-functional multi-process application equipment consists of a swing head, a horizontal turntable A-axis, and a vertical turntable W-axis forming an eight-axis five-linkage structure (XYZABUVW). The swing head performs five-axis linkage processing, 3D printing, laser welding, laser surface treatment continuous composite manufacturing, and online measurement of shaft-type parts on the horizontal turntable A-axis.

3. The multi-functional tilting head for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for swivel head superimposed 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, processing, and measurement consists of a swivel head, a vertical turntable C-axis, and a horizontal turntable W-axis, forming an eight-axis, five-linkage configuration (XYZBCUVW). The swivel head performs five-axis linkage processing, 3D printing, laser welding, laser surface treatment, continuous composite manufacturing, and online measurement of parts on the C-axis vertical turntable platen.

4. The multi-functional tilting head for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oscillating head direct-drive motor drives the laser welding gun to change the wire feeding direction.

5. The multi-functional tilting head for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oscillating head is fixedly connected to the laser nozzle and laser welding gun. Water exits from the center of the four-lobed claw of the oscillating head spindle, flows into the cooling water channel inside the laser nozzle and laser welding gun through the center hole of the pull stud, and then flows out through the water outlet of the laser nozzle and laser welding gun, realizing the circulating water cooling of the laser nozzle and laser welding gun.

6. The multi-functional tilting head for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned multi-functional and multi-process application equipment for 3D printing welding surface treatment and measurement, which integrates a swing head, a horizontal turntable, a vertical turntable, a pneumatic tool, a laser nozzle, a laser welding gun, a radio probe, a laser tool setter, and an automatic energy storage and balancing mechanism for counterweights, enhances the intelligent manufacturing capabilities and application scenarios of the equipment.

7. The multi-functional tilting head for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned multi-functional and multi-process application equipment for 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, processing, and measurement using a tilting head integrates five-axis linkage machining, five-axis position measurement, 3D printing, laser welding, and laser surface treatment across functions and processes. This optimizes the structure of the equipment and reduces its cost.

8. The multi-functional tilting head for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing-head superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing measurement multi-functional and multi-process application equipment has a movable protective door in the closed position, an electrical control cabinet, a counterweight balance mechanism protective cover, a rectangular column, a movable protective door, and a fixed protective cover. This not only facilitates the loading and unloading of parts, but also forms a closed protective system for the swing-head superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment processing measurement multi-functional and multi-process application equipment for 3D printing laser manufacturing.

9. The multi-functional tilting head for superimposed 3D printing welding surface treatment and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, machining, and measurement, featuring a swivel head superimposed with a circular tool magazine and tool arm, enables the interchangeable connection of the swivel head spindle taper hole with pneumatic tools, lathe tools, tool holders, radio probes, laser nozzles, and laser welding guns. The equipment combines the advantages of a large swivel head rotary table hybrid eight-axis five-linkage machining center, a large rotary table with combined sealing rings, and an electrically driven tool rotation electric spindle. This multi-functional, multi-process application equipment for 3D printing, welding, surface treatment, machining, and measurement achieves the integrated fusion of five-axis linkage machining technology, five-axis position measurement technology, and laser manufacturing technology, aligning with development trends and meeting market demands.

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