A tire pressure abnormality alarm method, device and equipment

Abstract

The application provides a tire pressure abnormality alarm method, device and equipment, which is applied to an alarm device, the alarm device is installed on a vehicle, the alarm device comprises a power supply module and an alarm module; the power supply module is used for power supply of the alarm device, and the method comprises the following steps: when the acceleration of the tire of the vehicle detected by an acceleration sensor is lower than a preset acceleration threshold value, the alarm device determines that the vehicle is in an off state; the alarm device acquires tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle collected by a tire pressure sensor, and when it is detected that the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not satisfy a preset tire pressure safety judgment condition, it is determined that the tire has a tire pressure abnormality; and the alarm device drives the alarm module to output an alarm signal. Thus, local monitoring and alarm of the tire pressure abnormality can be realized in the off state of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle safety monitoring technology, and in particular to a method, device and equipment for alarming abnormal tire pressure. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing number of automobiles, tires, as a crucial component that directly contacts the road surface, have tire pressure that directly affects vehicle safety. Both excessively low and high tire pressure can lead to tire blowouts and other safety accidents. Therefore, monitoring vehicle tire pressure has become an important technological direction in the field of vehicle safety monitoring.

[0003] In existing technology, vehicles commonly use Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) to monitor tire pressure. Typically, when the vehicle is in motion or powered on, the TPMS wirelessly transmits the collected tire pressure data to the onboard control unit. The onboard control unit processes the data and displays or alerts the driver to the tire pressure status via the instrument panel. When an abnormal tire pressure is detected, the TPMS can issue a warning to the driver while the vehicle is in motion.

[0004] However, after the vehicle is turned off, the TPMS usually stops working or enters a dormant state, making it impossible to monitor and alert on tire pressure locally. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a tire pressure abnormality alarm method, device, and equipment, which can realize local monitoring and alarm of tire pressure abnormalities when the vehicle is turned off.

[0006] The present application is described below from different aspects. It should be understood that the different implementation methods and beneficial effects described below can be referenced from each other.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a tire pressure abnormality alarm method. This method is applied to an alarm device installed on a vehicle. The alarm device includes a power module and an alarm module. The power module supplies power to the alarm device. The method includes: When the acceleration sensor detects that the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is lower than a preset acceleration threshold, the alarm device determines that the vehicle is in a turned-off state; the alarm device acquires the tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle collected by the tire pressure sensor, and when it detects that the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not meet the preset tire pressure safety judgment condition, it determines that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure; and drives the alarm module to output an alarm signal.

[0008] In this embodiment, the alarm device determines that the vehicle is off when the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is lower than a preset acceleration threshold, detected by an accelerometer. Then, the alarm device collects tire pressure data from each tire using a tire pressure sensor, analyzes the data, determines that there is an abnormal tire pressure, and promptly issues an alarm signal. In this application, the power module provides operating power to the alarm device, enabling it to operate independently without relying on the vehicle's main power supply or the onboard control unit. The alarm module outputs a local alarm signal when an abnormal tire pressure is detected. The tire pressure monitoring system monitors tire pressure independently of the onboard control unit. This alarm device has an independent power module and alarm module, allowing it to perform local monitoring and alarming for abnormal tire pressure even when the vehicle is off and the tire pressure monitoring system is in a dormant state. In other words, when the vehicle is off, and the traditional tire pressure monitoring system stops working or cannot output an alarm signal, the alarm device can still be continuously powered by its own power module and output an alarm signal through its own alarm module.

[0009] Because this alarm device has independent power supply and alarm output capabilities compared to existing tire pressure monitoring systems, it can continuously monitor tire pressure and detect anomalies while the vehicle is stationary, and immediately output a local alarm signal when an abnormal tire pressure is detected. This allows for local monitoring and alarming of abnormal tire pressure even when the vehicle is off.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the alarm device compares the tire pressure data of each tire with a preset safe tire pressure range. When at least one tire's tire pressure data is detected to be outside the preset safe tire pressure range, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure. The preset safe tire pressure range includes at least one upper and / or lower tire pressure threshold. Through this method of comparing tire pressure data with the preset safe tire pressure range, the alarm device can achieve repeatable and implementable tire pressure anomaly detection with clear threshold rules, meeting the need for local monitoring and alarming of tire pressure anomalies even when the vehicle is off.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the alarm device obtains the tire pressure drop rate over a preset period of time from the tire pressure data of each tire, and compares this tire pressure drop rate with a preset tire pressure drop rate threshold. When the tire pressure drop rate exceeds the preset tire pressure drop rate threshold, the alarm device determines that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure. Through this determination method based on the tire pressure drop rate, the alarm device can promptly identify abnormal situations of rapid air leakage within a short period of time when the vehicle is off, thereby improving the timeliness and reliability of abnormal alarms.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, before the alarm module outputs an alarm signal, the alarm device determines, based on the detected abnormal tire pressure, that the preset alarm modes corresponding to the abnormal tires are different from each other. The preset alarm modes are used to instruct the alarm module to output an alarm signal in the corresponding alarm indication mode. The preset alarm modes include an audible alarm mode and / or an indicator light alarm mode, wherein the audible alarm mode includes at least one of the tone, rhythm, or frequency of the sound, and the indicator light alarm mode includes at least one of the color, flashing frequency, or brightness level of the indicator light. Through this method, the alarm device can directly distinguish the sources of abnormal tire pressure in different tires on-site without relying on an external display terminal or vehicle control unit, helping users quickly locate the abnormal tires, improving fault location efficiency, and reducing troubleshooting time.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, upon reaching a preset tire pressure monitoring cycle, the alarm device periodically detects the vehicle's tire acceleration via the accelerometer and triggers the step of determining that the vehicle is in a turned-off state when the accelerometer detects that the vehicle's tire acceleration is below a preset acceleration threshold. Through this periodic wake-up detection and intermittent listening mechanism based on the preset tire pressure monitoring cycle, the alarm device does not need to keep the accelerometer, processor, and wireless receiver module continuously operating. Instead, it briefly activates key modules to complete detection and judgment within each monitoring cycle, while remaining in a sleep or low-power state for the rest of the time. This reduces the overall energy consumption of the alarm device and extends the lifespan of the power module (e.g., battery), making it particularly suitable for applications where the vehicle is parked and turned off for extended periods.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the power module includes an energy conversion module for collecting ambient energy and converting it into electrical energy to power or replenish the power supply module. By incorporating an energy conversion module into the power module, the alarm device can utilize ambient energy to replenish the battery during long-term vehicle parking with the engine off, thereby reducing net battery consumption, extending battery life, and improving the alarm device's continuous operation under conditions without the vehicle's main power supply. This is suitable for application scenarios where the vehicle is parked for extended periods with the engine off and requires continuous tire pressure monitoring and alarm functions.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the alarm device acquires tire pressure data for each tire of the vehicle, collected by tire pressure sensors, via wireless communication. This wireless communication is Bluetooth, replacing other wireless communication methods. Because Bluetooth communication (especially Bluetooth Low Energy) supports short connections, broadcast transmission, and low transmission power, the alarm device can acquire tire pressure data within a short reception window when the vehicle is off, and then shut down the Bluetooth communication module and enter sleep mode after reception, thereby reducing the operating time and power consumption of the wireless communication link. Compared to other wireless communication methods that require longer reception times or higher transmission power, using Bluetooth communication reduces the energy consumption of data transmission between the alarm device and the tire pressure sensors, which helps extend the lifespan of the alarm device's power module (e.g., battery), making it suitable for low-power monitoring scenarios where vehicles are parked for extended periods.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a tire pressure abnormality alarm device for performing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. The tire pressure abnormality alarm device is applied to an alarm device installed on a vehicle. The alarm device includes a power module and an alarm module; the power module supplies power to the alarm device. The tire pressure abnormality alarm device includes: The determination unit is used to determine that the vehicle is in a turned-off state when the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is detected by the acceleration sensor to be lower than a preset acceleration threshold. The acquisition unit is used to acquire the tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle collected by the tire pressure sensor. When it is detected that the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not meet the preset tire pressure safety judgment conditions, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure. The drive unit is used to drive the alarm module to output alarm signals.

[0017] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the determining unit is further configured to compare the tire pressure data of each tire with a preset tire pressure safety range, and when it is detected that the tire pressure data of at least one tire is outside the preset tire pressure safety range, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure; the preset tire pressure safety range includes at least one upper limit threshold and / or lower limit threshold.

[0018] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the determining unit is further configured to obtain the tire pressure drop rate within a preset time period from the tire pressure data of each tire, and compare the tire pressure drop rate with a preset tire pressure drop rate threshold; when the tire pressure drop rate exceeds the preset tire pressure drop rate threshold, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure.

[0019] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, before the alarm module outputs an alarm signal, the determining unit is further configured to determine, based on the detected tire with abnormal tire pressure, that the preset alarm modes corresponding to the tires with abnormal tire pressure are different from each other; the preset alarm modes are used to instruct the alarm module to output an alarm signal in the corresponding alarm prompt mode; the preset alarm modes include an audible alarm mode and / or an indicator light alarm mode, wherein the audible alarm mode includes at least one of the tone, rhythm, or number of times of the sound, and the indicator light alarm mode includes at least one of the color, flashing frequency, or brightness level of the indicator light.

[0020] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the determining unit is further configured to periodically detect the acceleration of the vehicle's tires via the acceleration sensor when a preset tire pressure monitoring cycle is reached, and to trigger the step of determining that the vehicle is in a turned-off state when the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is detected by the acceleration sensor to be lower than a preset acceleration threshold.

[0021] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the power module includes an energy conversion module for collecting ambient energy and converting the collected ambient energy into electrical energy to power or replenish the power module.

[0022] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer device, which can be a tire pressure abnormality alarm device. The computer device may include a memory, a communication interface, a processor, a power module, and an alarm module. The memory, communication interface, power module, alarm module, and processor are interconnected. The communication interface provides data communication functionality, the memory stores a computer program, the processor calls the computer program, and the power module supplies power to the alarm device. This enables the communication device to execute the tire pressure abnormality alarm method provided in the first aspect or any feasible implementation thereof, achieving the beneficial effects of the tire pressure abnormality alarm method provided in the first aspect.

[0023] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program. When the computer program is run on a computer device, it causes the computer device to execute the tire pressure abnormality alarm method provided by any possible implementation of the first aspect or any of the above aspects, and can also achieve the beneficial effects of the tire pressure abnormality alarm method provided by the first aspect.

[0024] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored in a computer storage medium; a processor of a computer device reads the computer program from the computer storage medium and executes the computer program, causing the computer device to execute the tire pressure abnormality alarm method provided by any possible implementation of the first aspect or any of the above aspects, and also achieve the beneficial effects of the tire pressure abnormality alarm method provided by the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a tire pressure abnormality alarm method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating tire pressure range determination provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a process for determining abnormal tire pressure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a tire pressure drop rate calculation method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a tire pressure drop rate abnormality determination process provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tire pressure abnormality alarm device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an alarm device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a and b and c. Where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0029] In this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the words "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0030] It should be understood that in this application, "when," "if," and "if" all refer to the device making a corresponding action under certain objective circumstances, and are not time-limited, nor do they require the device to make a judgment when it is implemented, nor do they imply any other limitations.

[0031] In this application, the use of singular designations for elements is intended to represent "one or more" rather than "one and only one," unless otherwise specified.

[0032] It is understood that in the various embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A" means that there is a correspondence between A and B, and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined solely based on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0033] Currently, vehicles widely use direct tire pressure monitoring systems. These systems typically install pressure and temperature sensors inside each tire to collect tire pressure and temperature data in real time. When the vehicle is in motion or powered on, the tire pressure sensors wirelessly transmit the collected data to the vehicle's control unit. The control unit processes the tire pressure data and displays it on the instrument panel or central control screen. An alarm is triggered when an abnormal tire pressure is detected.

[0034] However, when the vehicle is off, the TPMS system typically enters a dormant state or stops working to reduce overall vehicle static power consumption and extend the lifespan of the onboard power supply. In this state, the onboard control unit no longer receives tire pressure data and cannot monitor or alert for abnormal tire pressure in real time. Therefore, when a slow leak, malicious deflation, or sudden abnormal tire pressure occurs during a long period of vehicle parking, the existing TPMS system struggles to issue timely and effective alarms.

[0035] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, when the vehicle is off, each tire is equipped with a tire pressure sensor to collect tire pressure data. Each tire is also equipped with an alarm device, which can be installed at the valve stem, near the tire, or anywhere on the vehicle.

[0037] The tire pressure sensor transmits data wirelessly to the corresponding alarm device, sending the collected tire pressure data to the alarm device. Upon receiving the tire pressure data, the alarm device analyzes it and outputs an alarm signal when an abnormal tire pressure is detected.

[0038] In this embodiment, the alarm device can either receive tire pressure data from the tire pressure sensor in its corresponding tire, or it can receive tire pressure data from tire pressure sensors in other tires. The dashed lines in the figure represent that an alarm device can wirelessly communicate with one or more tire pressure sensors. When a tire experiences abnormal tire pressure, the alarm device corresponding to that tire can output an alarm signal individually; or, when multiple tire pressure sensors are associated with one alarm device, if multiple tires experience abnormal tire pressure, only one alarm device can output a unified alarm signal. For example, when a vehicle is parked in a parking space at night, if the tire pressure of a tire drops due to slow leakage, the tire pressure sensor inside the tire detects the abnormal tire pressure and sends the tire pressure data to the corresponding alarm device. After determining that the tire pressure is abnormal, the alarm device immediately issues an alarm.

[0039] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a tire pressure abnormality alarm method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is applied to an alarm device installed in a vehicle. The alarm device includes a power module and an alarm module; the power module supplies power to the alarm device. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps: Step S201: When the acceleration sensor detects that the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is lower than the preset acceleration threshold, the alarm device determines that the vehicle is in a turned-off state.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the alarm device uses an accelerometer to detect the motion state of the vehicle's tires to determine whether the vehicle is in a stationary (off) state. Specifically, the accelerometer can be integrated into the alarm device, or electrically or communicatively connected to the alarm device, to output an acceleration signal characterizing tire motion. When performing this step, the alarm device first acquires the acceleration signal sequence output by the accelerometer within a preset sampling period. This sampling period can be a fixed time interval (e.g., 100ms, 200ms, or 500ms). The alarm device can continuously or periodically sample within this sampling period to obtain acceleration values ​​at multiple sampling points.

[0041] Optionally, to reduce the impact of minor vehicle vibrations, road disturbances, or sensor noise on the judgment results, the alarm device can filter the acceleration signal, such as by averaging multiple sampling points, moving average, low-pass filtering, or median filtering, to obtain stable acceleration characteristic values ​​(e.g., acceleration magnitude, mean or variance of absolute acceleration).

[0042] After obtaining the acceleration value, the alarm device compares it with a preset acceleration threshold. This preset acceleration threshold represents the upper limit of acceleration when the tire is in a "stationary or nearly stationary" state, and can be calibrated based on the sensor range, installation method, and vehicle vibration level. The alarm device can further incorporate continuous judgment to avoid false alarms caused by instantaneous low acceleration.

[0043] For example, the alarm device determines that the vehicle is off only if it detects an acceleration value lower than a preset acceleration threshold for a continuous first preset time period (e.g., 3 seconds, 5 seconds, or 10 seconds). Alternatively, the alarm device counts the percentage of sampling points where the acceleration value is lower than the preset acceleration threshold within the first preset time period. When the percentage exceeds a preset percentage threshold (e.g., 80% or 90%), the vehicle is determined to be off. If the acceleration value exceeds the preset acceleration threshold within the first preset time period, the alarm device can reset the timing or restart the counting to ensure a stable and reliable determination result.

[0044] After determining that the vehicle is in a turned-off state, the alarm device can generate a turned-off state indicator (for example, by setting the internal state variable "IGN_OFF" to true) and switch the subsequent processing flow accordingly, so that operations such as receiving tire pressure data, judging abnormal tire pressure, and local alarm can be performed in the turned-off state.

[0045] By using the above-mentioned determination method based on acceleration threshold and persistence conditions, the alarm device can independently and reliably identify the vehicle's off state without relying on the power supply of the vehicle control unit or the vehicle ignition signal, thus providing triggering conditions for subsequent tire pressure abnormality alarms in the off state.

[0046] Step S202: The alarm device acquires the tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle collected by the tire pressure sensor. When it is detected that the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not meet the preset tire pressure safety judgment conditions, it is determined that the tire has abnormal tire pressure.

[0047] In one possible implementation, after determining that the vehicle is turned off, the alarm device enters the tire pressure monitoring and anomaly detection process to obtain tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle and determine whether there is a tire pressure abnormality.

[0048] Specifically, the alarm device acquires tire pressure data from a tire pressure sensor via wireless communication. The tire pressure sensor can be located inside or near the tire to collect tire pressure data in real-time or periodically. The alarm device can perform tire pressure data acquisition according to a preset data reception strategy. For example, it can trigger data reception when a preset tire pressure monitoring cycle is reached, or receive data when the tire pressure sensor reports data. Optionally, to reduce power consumption, the alarm device can use an intermittent reception method when the vehicle is off. That is, within each monitoring cycle, the wireless reception function is only activated within a preset reception window, and is turned off or enters a low-power listening state at other times.

[0049] When acquiring tire pressure data, the alarm device can receive a set of tire pressure data for each tire. Each tire pressure data point includes at least the tire pressure value and tire identification information to distinguish the tire's origin. This tire identification information can be the device identifier of the tire pressure sensor (e.g., ID code, address code, pairing code) or the tire location identifier (e.g., left front wheel, right front wheel, etc.). Based on this, the alarm device establishes a "tire-tire pressure data" association to determine the tire corresponding to each tire pressure data point. In scenarios with multiple tire pressure sensors, the alarm device can parse and store each received tire pressure data point in a cache, and maintain the most recent tire pressure value, sampling timestamp, and historical data sequence for each tire to support subsequent anomaly detection.

[0050] During the anomaly detection phase, the alarm device performs preset tire pressure safety assessment conditions on the acquired tire pressure data. These tire pressure safety assessment conditions may include at least one of the following: Firstly, the absolute value judgment condition: the alarm device compares the tire pressure value with the preset safe tire pressure range. When the tire pressure value is lower than the lower threshold and / or higher than the upper threshold, it is judged as abnormal.

[0051] Secondly, regarding the rate of change judgment condition, the alarm device calculates the tire pressure drop rate based on multiple tire pressure values ​​of the same tire within a preset time window (for example, by dividing the tire pressure difference between two adjacent samples by the time interval). This rate of drop is then compared to a preset rate of drop threshold. If the rate of drop exceeds the threshold, it is considered abnormal. Optionally, to avoid false alarms due to noise, the alarm device can employ a multiple confirmation mechanism. For example, it can require that N consecutive (N≥2) detection results fail to meet the tire pressure safety judgment condition before determining an abnormality. Alternatively, it can determine an abnormality when the proportion of sampling points meeting the abnormal condition within the time window exceeds a preset percentage threshold.

[0052] When the alarm device detects that the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not meet the preset tire pressure safety judgment condition, the alarm device determines that the tire is an abnormal tire pressure tire and generates tire pressure abnormality identification information for subsequent alarm steps. This tire pressure abnormality identification information may include the tire identifier of the abnormal tire, the type of abnormality (absolute value abnormality or rate of change abnormality), the time of the abnormality, and the corresponding tire pressure data. This allows the alarm device to trigger an alarm in subsequent steps and optionally output a distinguishing prompt corresponding to the abnormal tire.

[0053] In this way, the alarm device can independently acquire tire pressure data and make anomaly judgments when the vehicle is turned off, providing a reliable basis for subsequent output of local alarm signals.

[0054] Step S203: The alarm device drives the alarm module to output an alarm signal.

[0055] In one possible implementation, after the alarm device determines that at least one tire has abnormal tire pressure, the alarm device triggers the alarm module to output an alarm signal to provide a perceptible abnormality alert to the user or people in the vicinity at the vehicle site.

[0056] Specifically, the alarm device first generates an alarm trigger command, which carries at least abnormal tire identification information and / or abnormality type information (e.g., abnormal absolute value, abnormal rate of descent), and sends the alarm trigger command to the alarm module. Upon receiving the alarm trigger command, the alarm module enters an active state to output at least one alarm signal, which may include an audible alarm signal and / or an indicator light alarm signal.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the alarm module includes a sound alarm unit (e.g., a buzzer, piezoelectric speaker, or miniature speaker) and a light alarm unit (e.g., a light-emitting diode or indicator light). The alarm device can output a drive signal to the sound alarm unit via a processor's control pin, a pulse width modulation (PWM) output, or a drive circuit, causing it to emit a sound alert with a preset tone, rhythm, or number of times. Simultaneously, the alarm device can output a lighting or flashing control signal to the light alarm unit, causing it to emit light alerts with a preset color, flashing frequency, or brightness level. For example, to ensure that the alarm signal can still be effectively detected in environments with high noise or strong light, the alarm device can set the sound alarm unit to a high-decibel output mode and the light alarm unit to a high-frequency flashing or high-brightness output mode.

[0058] In another possible implementation, when the alarm device supports monitoring tire pressure data for multiple tires, it can select a corresponding preset alarm mode based on the tire identification information of the abnormal tire, and drive the alarm module to output an alarm signal according to the preset alarm mode to differentiate and alert users to the abnormal tire. For example, different alarm modes can be pre-configured for different tires. These alarm modes can be differentiated by the tone, rhythm, or frequency of the audible alarm signal, and / or by the color, flashing frequency, or brightness level of the indicator light alarm signal, allowing users to determine the specific tire location of the abnormal tire pressure based on the alarm output characteristics.

[0059] In this embodiment, the alarm device includes an independent power supply module and an alarm module, enabling it to continue operating even when the vehicle is off, independent of the vehicle's main power supply or the power supply status of the onboard control unit. Therefore, it can still monitor tire pressure and output alarm signals during vehicle power outages, hibernation, or long-term parking. The alarm device detects tire acceleration using an accelerometer and determines whether the vehicle is off based on a preset acceleration threshold, achieving independent identification of the vehicle's operating status. When the vehicle is off, the alarm device acquires tire pressure data for each tire and determines abnormal tire pressure according to preset tire pressure safety judgment conditions. When an abnormality is detected, the alarm module is driven to output a local alarm signal. This enables local monitoring and alarming of abnormal tire pressure even when the vehicle is off.

[0060] Optionally, in step S201, when the preset tire pressure monitoring cycle is reached, the alarm device periodically detects the acceleration of the vehicle's tires through the acceleration sensor, and triggers the step of determining that the vehicle is in a turned-off state when the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is detected by the acceleration sensor to be lower than the preset acceleration threshold.

[0061] In one possible implementation, to reduce the continuous power consumption of the alarm device when the vehicle is off, the alarm device periodically performs tire status detection and engine shutdown determination according to a preset tire pressure monitoring cycle, thereby achieving low-power monitoring.

[0062] Specifically, the alarm device has a pre-set tire pressure monitoring cycle T_cycle. This cycle indicates the time interval at which the alarm device performs one monitoring process (including acceleration detection, engine shutdown determination, and subsequent tire pressure data acquisition and anomaly detection). This tire pressure monitoring cycle can be a fixed period, such as 10 seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 5 minutes, or 1 hour. Alternatively, it can be a configurable parameter, obtained from factory defaults, user settings, or dynamically adjusted based on environmental conditions. The alarm device can internally set a timer or a low-power real-time clock module to generate a wake-up event when the tire pressure monitoring cycle is reached, triggering the alarm device to transition from a low-power state to an active state to execute the detection process.

[0063] When the preset tire pressure monitoring cycle is reached, the alarm device detects the tire acceleration using an accelerometer. Specifically, the alarm device activates the accelerometer or reads its output within each monitoring cycle, collecting multiple acceleration sampling points within a preset sampling window (e.g., several samplings within a 100ms to 2s sampling window). The sampling points are then filtered to obtain acceleration characteristic values, such as acceleration magnitude, average absolute acceleration value, or variance. The alarm device compares this acceleration characteristic value with a preset acceleration threshold. If the acceleration characteristic value is lower than the preset threshold for a preset duration, or if the proportion of sampling points below the threshold within the sampling window exceeds a preset percentage threshold, the alarm device determines that the vehicle is in a turned-off state. If the acceleration characteristic value exceeds the preset acceleration threshold, the vehicle is determined to be in a non-turned-off state, and the current engine shutdown monitoring process can be exited or the next monitoring cycle can begin.

[0064] After confirming that the vehicle is off, the alarm device triggers a tire pressure monitoring process to monitor for abnormal tire pressure in a low-power manner. Specifically, the alarm device employs an intermittent monitoring mechanism: within each monitoring cycle or each receiving window, the wireless receiving module is only activated for a preset receiving window duration T_rx to receive tire pressure data from the tire pressure sensor; the wireless receiving module is deactivated and the processor enters sleep mode at other times. This receiving window duration T_rx can be a short window (e.g., 100ms to 5s) to reduce power consumption caused by continuous wireless reception while ensuring data reception. After receiving and processing the tire pressure data and determining the abnormality, if no abnormality is detected, the alarm device re-enters the low-power state and waits for the next monitoring cycle. If an abnormality is detected, the alarm module is triggered to output an alarm signal, and the device re-enters the low-power state after the alarm ends.

[0065] Through the aforementioned periodic wake-up detection and intermittent listening mechanism based on the preset tire pressure monitoring cycle, the alarm device does not need to keep the accelerometer, processor and wireless receiver module working continuously. Instead, it briefly activates the key modules to complete the detection and judgment during each monitoring cycle, and remains in a sleep or low power consumption state at other times. This reduces the overall energy consumption of the alarm device and extends the service life of the power module (e.g., battery), making it particularly suitable for application scenarios where the vehicle is parked for a long time with the engine off.

[0066] Optionally, in step S202, the alarm device compares the tire pressure data of each tire with a preset tire pressure safety range. When it detects that the tire pressure data of at least one tire is outside the preset tire pressure safety range, it determines that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure. The preset tire pressure safety range includes at least one upper tire pressure threshold and / or a lower tire pressure threshold.

[0067] In one possible implementation, after acquiring the tire pressure data for each tire, the alarm device performs a safety assessment based on a threshold range on the tire pressure data to identify whether there is an abnormal tire pressure.

[0068] Specifically, the alarm device pre-stores or configures a preset tire pressure safety range, which characterizes the allowable tire pressure range under normal operating conditions. This tire pressure safety range includes at least a lower tire pressure threshold P_low and / or an upper tire pressure threshold P_high, where the lower threshold defines the boundary of excessively low tire pressure, and the upper threshold defines the boundary of excessively high tire pressure. The alarm device can configure these thresholds according to vehicle model, tire specifications, or user settings, or they can be calibrated by default at the factory.

[0069] In some possible implementations, the tire pressure safety range can be shared by all tires, or a corresponding threshold range can be configured for each tire.

[0070] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of tire pressure range determination provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, in step S202, the alarm device performs an anomaly determination process based on threshold ranges on the acquired tire pressure data of each tire. Specifically, the alarm device pre-stores a safe tire pressure range, which includes at least a lower tire pressure threshold P_low and / or an upper tire pressure threshold P_high, used to limit the allowable tire pressure range under normal operating conditions.

[0072] When the alarm device receives the current tire pressure value P_i of the i-th tire, it executes the following judgment rule: When P_i < P_low, it is determined to be a low-pressure anomaly; When P_i > P_high, it is determined to be a high-pressure anomaly; When both P_low and P_high are configured, if P_i is not within the interval [P_low, P_high], it is determined to be an abnormal tire pressure.

[0073] Optionally, to improve the stability of the judgment and reduce false judgments caused by sampling noise or instantaneous fluctuations, the alarm device can preprocess the tire pressure data, such as performing mean or median filtering on tire pressure values ​​sampled multiple times consecutively. Alternatively, a multiple confirmation mechanism can be adopted. For example, if the same tire is detected to have an abnormal tire pressure in N consecutive samples (N≥2), the tire is finally determined to have an abnormal tire pressure. Or, an anomaly can be determined when the proportion of sampling points falling outside the safe range within a preset time window exceeds a preset percentage threshold.

[0074] When the alarm device detects that the tire pressure data of at least one tire falls outside the preset safe tire pressure range, the alarm device identifies that tire as having abnormal tire pressure and generates tire pressure abnormality identification information for subsequent processing. This tire pressure abnormality identification information may include the tire identifier of the abnormal tire, the type of abnormality (low pressure abnormality or high pressure abnormality), the corresponding tire pressure value, and the time of abnormality determination, thereby providing a basis for driving the alarm module to output the corresponding local alarm signal in subsequent steps.

[0075] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a process for determining abnormal tire pressure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, after the alarm device receives the current tire pressure value P_i of the i-th tire, it determines whether P_i < P_low or P_i > P_high. The alarm device then enters the confirmation mechanism, which can be a continuous confirmation mechanism or a time window percentage confirmation mechanism. That is, it determines whether there are N consecutive abnormalities or whether the percentage of abnormalities in the time window is greater than the threshold.

[0077] First, a continuous confirmation mechanism is used to determine if there are N consecutive abnormalities. Only when the same tire meets the abnormal conditions in N consecutive samplings (N≥2) is the tire pressure abnormality finally confirmed.

[0078] Second, a time window percentage confirmation mechanism is implemented to determine if the percentage of abnormal data points within a time window exceeds a threshold. Within a preset time window, if the percentage of tire pressure data points falling outside the safe range exceeds a preset percentage threshold, an abnormal tire pressure is confirmed.

[0079] After confirming the abnormality, the alarm device generates tire pressure abnormality identification information, which includes the abnormal tire identification, abnormality type, and abnormal tire pressure value, and is used for subsequent alarm mode loading and alarm output.

[0080] By comparing tire pressure data with the preset safe tire pressure range as described above, the alarm device can achieve repeatable and implementable tire pressure anomaly detection with clear threshold rules, meeting the need for local monitoring and alarm of tire pressure anomalies when the vehicle is turned off.

[0081] Optionally, in step S202, the alarm device obtains the tire pressure drop rate over a preset period of time from the tire pressure data of each tire, and compares the tire pressure drop rate with a preset tire pressure drop rate threshold. When the tire pressure drop rate exceeds the preset tire pressure drop rate threshold, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure.

[0082] In one possible implementation, in addition to judging abnormalities based on the absolute value threshold of tire pressure, the alarm device can also judge abnormalities based on the rate of change of tire pressure over time, so as to identify scenarios such as rapid air leakage or malicious deflation within a short period of time.

[0083] Specifically, after acquiring the tire pressure data for each tire, the alarm device establishes a corresponding tire pressure history record for each tire, which is used to store multiple tire pressure sampling values ​​and their sampling time information for that tire within a preset time range.

[0084] For example, the alarm device can maintain at least two or more sets of records (P_i(k), T_i(k)) for each tire, where P_i(k) represents the tire pressure value obtained by the i-th tire at the k-th sampling, and T_i(k) represents the corresponding sampling timestamp. The sampling timestamp can be a local clock count value of the alarm device, a relative time count value, or a time identifier carried by the tire pressure sensor.

[0085] The alarm device calculates the rate of tire pressure drop over a preset period of time. This preset period of time can be a fixed time window (e.g., 10 seconds, 30 seconds, 60 seconds, or 120 seconds) or a fixed sampling number window (e.g., the most recent 3, 5, or 10 samples).

[0086] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for calculating the rate of tire pressure drop provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0087] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, in addition to judging abnormalities based on the absolute value threshold of tire pressure, the alarm device also judges abnormalities based on the rate of decrease of tire pressure over time, in order to identify rapid air leakage or malicious deflation scenarios within a short period of time.

[0088] Specifically, the alarm device establishes a tire pressure history record for each tire, which includes multiple sampling point data (P_i(k), T_i(k)), where P_i(k) represents the tire pressure value of the i-th tire at the k-th sampling, and T_i(k) represents the corresponding sampling timestamp.

[0089] The alarm device selects the tire pressure value P_start and start time T_start at the start of the preset time window, and the tire pressure value P_end and end time T_end at the end of the window, such as... Figure 5 As shown. The alarm device calculates the tire pressure change: ΔP=P_start P_end And time intervals: ΔT=T_end T_start If ΔP is a positive value, it indicates a decrease in tire pressure. The alarm device then calculates the rate of tire pressure decrease: R=ΔP / ΔT Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a tire pressure drop rate abnormality determination process provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0090] like Figure 6 As shown, the alarm device acquires historical tire pressure data (P_i(k), T_i(k)), then calculates the tire pressure drop rate R. After obtaining the tire pressure drop rate R, the alarm device compares this rate with a preset tire pressure drop rate threshold R_th, i.e., it determines whether R > R_th. This tire pressure drop rate threshold R_th is used to characterize the maximum allowable normal drop rate. R_th can be set individually for different tires or uniformly. It can be set according to tire specifications, sensor accuracy, sampling period, and application scenario; for example, it can be configured to drop no more than 0.05 Bar, 0.1 Bar, or other thresholds per minute.

[0091] When R ≤ R_th, the alarm device is determined to be in a normal state; When R > R_th, the alarm device returns to normal monitoring and enters the anomaly confirmation process.

[0092] In the anomaly confirmation process, to avoid misjudgments due to temperature changes, sensor noise, or short-term fluctuations, the alarm device can also set additional judgment conditions, i.e., it then checks whether the additional confirmation conditions are met. For example, when ΔT is not less than the minimum time threshold (e.g., 5 seconds or 10 seconds) and / or ΔP is greater than the minimum descent threshold (e.g., 0.02 Bar or 0.05 Bar) and / or additional conditions such as R>R_th are required to be met within M consecutive time windows (M≥2), the alarm device determines that the corresponding tire has an abnormal descent rate, i.e., generates an abnormal descent rate identification information.

[0093] When the alarm device determines that the tire pressure drop rate R exceeds the preset tire pressure drop rate threshold R_th, the alarm device identifies an abnormal tire pressure in the corresponding tire and generates an abnormal drop rate identification information. This abnormal identification information may include at least the tire identifier of the abnormal tire, the abnormality type (abnormal drop rate), the time window parameters used for calculation, the corresponding tire pressure drop rate value, and the time of abnormality determination, so that subsequent steps can trigger the alarm module to output a local alarm signal and optionally provide differentiated prompts based on the abnormal tire.

[0094] By using the above-mentioned method of determining the rate of tire pressure drop, the alarm device can promptly identify abnormal situations of rapid air leakage in a short period of time when the vehicle is turned off, thereby improving the timeliness and reliability of abnormal alarms.

[0095] Optionally, in step S202, the alarm device acquires the tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle collected by the tire pressure sensor via wireless communication. This wireless communication is Bluetooth, replacing other wireless communication methods.

[0096] In one possible implementation, the alarm device acquires tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle collected by tire pressure sensors via wireless communication, wherein the wireless communication method adopts Bluetooth communication.

[0097] Specifically, both the tire pressure sensor and the alarm device are equipped with Bluetooth communication modules. When the vehicle is off and enters tire pressure monitoring mode, the alarm device periodically activates the Bluetooth communication module according to a preset receiving strategy. Within a preset receiving window, it establishes a Bluetooth connection with the tire pressure sensor or completes Bluetooth broadcast data reception, thereby acquiring the tire pressure data sent by the tire pressure sensor. This tire pressure data may include the tire pressure value, tire identification information, and optional time stamp information. The alarm device parses the received data for subsequent tire pressure anomaly detection.

[0098] In one possible implementation, the alarm device and the tire pressure sensor can be paired upon initial installation or first use, enabling the alarm device to identify legitimate tire pressure sensors and filter data from non-target devices. During subsequent operation, the alarm device can use this pairing information to choose between establishing a connection with the target tire pressure sensor or simply receiving Bluetooth broadcast data carrying the pairing identifier, thereby reducing the probability of false reception and improving communication reliability.

[0099] In another possible implementation, the alarm device can employ Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication. The tire pressure sensor sends broadcast packets containing tire pressure data at a preset broadcast period. The alarm device scans and receives the broadcast packets within a receiving window, thus completing data transmission without maintaining a long connection. Alternatively, the alarm device can establish a short connection with the tire pressure sensor within the receiving window, and immediately disconnect after reading the data to reduce power consumption during connection maintenance.

[0100] Because Bluetooth communication (especially Bluetooth Low Energy) supports short connections, broadcast transmission, and low transmission power, the alarm device can acquire tire pressure data within a short reception window when the vehicle is off. After receiving the data, the Bluetooth communication module is turned off and enters sleep mode, thus reducing the operating time and power consumption of the wireless communication link. Compared to other wireless communication methods that require longer reception times or higher transmission power, Bluetooth communication reduces the energy consumption of data transmission between the alarm device and the tire pressure sensor, which helps extend the lifespan of the alarm device's power module (e.g., battery), making it suitable for low-power monitoring scenarios where vehicles are parked for extended periods.

[0101] Optionally, in step S203, before the alarm device drives the alarm module to output an alarm signal, it determines that the preset alarm modes corresponding to the detected tires with abnormal tire pressure are different from each other. The preset alarm modes are used to instruct the alarm module to output an alarm signal in the corresponding alarm indication mode. The preset alarm modes include an audible alarm mode and / or an indicator light alarm mode, wherein the audible alarm mode includes at least one of the tone, rhythm, or frequency of the sound, and the indicator light alarm mode includes at least one of the color, flashing frequency, or brightness level of the indicator light.

[0102] In one possible implementation, to enable users to quickly identify the specific tire with abnormal tire pressure at the vehicle site, the alarm device determines the corresponding preset alarm mode based on the detected tire with abnormal tire pressure before the alarm module outputs an alarm signal. The preset alarm modes corresponding to different tires with abnormal tire pressure are different from each other, thereby achieving a distinction and prompting of the source of the abnormality.

[0103] Specifically, the alarm device pre-establishes a mapping table between "tire identification and alarm mode." The tire identification uniquely identifies the tire's origin and can be a tire position identifier (e.g., left front wheel, right front wheel, left rear wheel, right rear wheel) or a tire pressure sensor identifier (e.g., ID code, address code, pairing code). The alarm mode is a set of parameters used to control the output mode of the alarm module, instructing the alarm module to output an alarm signal in the corresponding alarm indication mode. The alarm device can have this mapping table pre-set at the factory, or configured according to the tire position during installation and binding of the tire pressure sensor to ensure that different tires correspond to different alarm modes.

[0104] After the alarm device determines in step S202 that at least one tire has abnormal tire pressure, it extracts the tire identifier of the tire with abnormal tire pressure from the abnormality result and queries the mapping table to determine the preset alarm mode corresponding to the tire. If there are multiple tires with abnormal tire pressure, the alarm device can determine the preset alarm mode corresponding to each tire with abnormal tire pressure and generate an alarm output queue, outputting the corresponding alarm modes sequentially according to a preset order (e.g., priority based on tire position or priority based on the severity of the abnormality). Alternatively, the alarm device can combine and output multiple alarm modes within the same alarm cycle, for example, loading different alarm modes sequentially at different time periods, so that the user can identify the source of multiple abnormal tires. To avoid confusion caused by multiple tires being abnormal at the same time, the alarm device can also set output rules, such as outputting the alarm mode only for the most severely abnormal tire, or outputting a summary prompt mode when multiple abnormal tires are detected and distinguishing the tires by a combination of flashing indicator lights.

[0105] The preset alarm modes include at least an audible alarm mode and / or an indicator light alarm mode. For the audible alarm mode, the alarm device can distinguish the audible prompts by controlling the drive signal parameters of the buzzer or speaker in the alarm module. These drive signal parameters include at least one of the following: pitch, rhythm, or frequency of the sound.

[0106] For example, different beep counts can be set for different tires (e.g., one beep for the left front tire, two beeps for the right front tire, three beeps for the left rear tire, and four beeps for the right rear tire), or different beeping rhythms can be set (e.g., a combination of long and short beeps), allowing users to identify abnormal tires through sound cues. For indicator light alarm modes, the alarm device can differentiate tires by controlling the output parameters of the indicator lights in the alarm module. These output parameters include at least one of the following: indicator light color, flashing frequency, or brightness level. For example, different colored indicator lights or different flashing frequencies can be set for different tires (e.g., high-frequency flashing for the left front tire and low-frequency flashing for the right front tire), allowing users to identify abnormal tires through light cues.

[0107] After determining and loading the preset alarm mode, the alarm device sends the corresponding mode control command to the alarm module, causing the alarm module to output an alarm signal according to the preset alarm mode, thereby creating a distinguishable audible and visual prompt at the vehicle site.

[0108] In this way, the alarm device can directly distinguish the source of abnormal tire pressure in different tires on-site without relying on external display terminals or vehicle control units, helping users to quickly locate the abnormal tires, improve fault location efficiency and reduce troubleshooting time.

[0109] Optionally, the power module includes an energy conversion module for collecting ambient energy and converting the collected ambient energy into electrical energy to power or replenish the power module.

[0110] In one possible implementation, the power module of the alarm device may include not only a battery for powering the alarm device, but also an energy conversion module to supplement the battery, thereby extending the continuous working time of the alarm device when the vehicle is off.

[0111] Specifically, the energy conversion module is used to collect ambient energy and convert it into electrical energy. This ambient energy can be light energy, vibration energy, mechanical energy, or other available forms of ambient energy. The energy conversion module may include at least one energy harvesting unit and an energy conversion circuit connected to the energy harvesting unit. The energy harvesting unit is used to acquire energy from the outside environment, and the energy conversion circuit is used to rectify, regulate, or boost the harvested energy to output electrical energy that meets the requirements of battery charging or device power supply.

[0112] In one possible implementation, the energy harvesting unit is a solar energy harvesting unit, such as a miniature solar panel or photovoltaic cell, installed on the surface of the alarm device housing or near the vehicle tires in a location exposed to sunlight, to convert ambient light into electrical energy. The energy conversion circuit regulates the electrical energy output from the solar energy harvesting unit and provides charging current to the battery or supplemental power to the power supply bus of the power module.

[0113] In another possible implementation, the energy harvesting unit is a vibration energy harvesting unit, such as a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a magnetoelectric power generation structure, or a micro electromagnetic power generation mechanism. It can utilize the mechanical energy generated by external disturbances during vehicle parking or by tire vibrations during vehicle driving to convert vibration energy into electrical energy. After rectification and energy storage by the energy conversion circuit, it can be used to replenish the battery.

[0114] Furthermore, the energy conversion module may also include an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor or supercapacitor) for temporarily storing and smoothing the output of intermittently generated electrical energy to improve charging stability.

[0115] Optionally, to ensure charging safety and feasibility, the alarm device can be configured with a charging management strategy. Specifically, the alarm device can monitor battery voltage, battery temperature, or charging current, and control the output of the energy conversion module based on the monitoring results to ensure that the charging process meets preset charging parameter ranges. For example, when the battery voltage reaches a preset full-charge threshold, the alarm device stops or limits charging the battery. When insufficient ambient energy causes the output power to fall below the available threshold, the alarm device stops charging and only maintains basic power supply. When abnormal charging current or temperature is detected, the alarm device enters a protection mode to prevent overcharging or overheating.

[0116] By incorporating an energy conversion module into the power supply module, the alarm device can utilize ambient energy to supplement the battery power during long-term vehicle parking with the engine off. This reduces net battery consumption, extends battery life, and improves the alarm device's continuous operation capability under conditions without the vehicle's main power supply. It is suitable for application scenarios where the vehicle is parked for extended periods with the engine off and requires continuous tire pressure abnormality monitoring and alarm.

[0117] Optionally, in embodiments of this application, the alarm device can also be installed at the valve stem position or integrated with the valve stem into a single device, forming a valve stem cap alarm device. This valve stem cap alarm device can directly replace a traditional valve stem cap for installation without requiring modification to the vehicle's existing wiring.

[0118] In one possible implementation, the structure of the aforementioned alarm device is integrated into the mechanical structure inside the valve cap, thereby forming an integrated and compact alarm structure.

[0119] During operation, when the acceleration sensor detects that the vehicle remains stationary for a preset time (e.g., for more than 5 minutes continuously), it determines that the vehicle is in a powered-off state. After the vehicle is powered off, the tire pressure sensors inside the tires stop sending tire pressure data to the vehicle control unit and instead enter a low-power monitoring mode.

[0120] In this low-power monitoring mode, the tire pressure sensor collects current tire pressure data at a preset low-frequency cycle (e.g., once per hour) and transmits it to the corresponding tire's valve cap alarm device via point-to-point wireless communication. This wireless communication can employ low-power radio frequency communication.

[0121] The tire pressure warning device receives the tire pressure data via a wireless receiver, and the processor analyzes the received tire pressure value. The processor compares the current tire pressure value with preset tire pressure safety thresholds. When the current tire pressure value is detected to be lower than the lower threshold or higher than the upper threshold, the processor determines that there is an abnormal tire pressure in the corresponding tire and immediately drives the alarm module to output a local alarm signal. For example, a buzzer can emit a high-decibel alarm sound, while an indicator light flashes at a preset frequency to alert people near the vehicle and the driver to the abnormal tire pressure.

[0122] After the alarm has been running for a preset duration (e.g., 2 minutes), the valve cap alarm automatically stops its audible and visual alarm and re-enters intermittent monitoring mode. In this monitoring mode, the valve cap alarm periodically receives data from the tire pressure sensor in a low-power manner to achieve continuous monitoring and reduce overall energy consumption, thereby extending the lifespan of the micro-battery.

[0123] This embodiment integrates the processor, battery, and alarm module inside the valve cap, achieving a highly integrated structural design that allows the valve cap alarm device to operate as an independent unit. This alarm mechanism does not rely on the vehicle battery, mobile terminal, or smart key; it provides on-site alarms solely through local audible and visual signals, offering high immediacy and reliability. Even if the vehicle owner is not nearby or the mobile terminal has low battery, abnormal tire pressure can still be detected promptly through on-site audible and visual alerts.

[0124] Furthermore, because the tire pressure sensor transmits data at a low frequency only when the vehicle is off, and the communication distance is short, the overall power consumption is low, which helps extend the battery life of the tire pressure sensor and the valve cap warning device. This solution does not require modification to the vehicle's original wiring structure, is simple to install, and is easy to promote and apply.

[0125] In this embodiment, the collaborative workflow when the vehicle is off includes: the tire pressure sensor periodically detects tire pressure data, transmits data via low-power point-to-point wireless communication, the valve cap alarm device receives the data and performs anomaly detection, triggers a local audible and visual alarm, and enters a monitoring mode after the alarm ends. Through the above collaborative mechanism, low-power tire pressure anomaly monitoring and local alarm are achieved when the vehicle is off.

[0126] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) according to an embodiment of this application. The TPMS is an alarm device installed on a vehicle and includes a power module and an alarm module; the power module supplies power to the alarm device. Figure 7 As shown, the tire pressure abnormality alarm device provided in this application embodiment may include: The determining unit 701 is used to determine that the vehicle is in a turned-off state when the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is detected by the acceleration sensor to be lower than a preset acceleration threshold. The acquisition unit 702 is used to acquire the tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle collected by the tire pressure sensor. When it is detected that the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not meet the preset tire pressure safety judgment conditions, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure. The drive unit 703 is used to drive the alarm module to output an alarm signal.

[0127] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 701 is further configured to compare the tire pressure data of each tire with a preset tire pressure safety range, and when the tire pressure data of at least one tire is detected to be outside the preset tire pressure safety range, determine that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure; the preset tire pressure safety range includes at least one upper limit threshold and / or lower limit threshold.

[0128] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 701 is further configured to obtain the tire pressure drop rate within a preset time period from the tire pressure data of each tire, and compare the tire pressure drop rate with a preset tire pressure drop rate threshold; when the tire pressure drop rate exceeds the preset tire pressure drop rate threshold, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure.

[0129] In one possible implementation, before the alarm module outputs an alarm signal, the determining unit 701 is further configured to determine, based on the detected tire with abnormal tire pressure, that the preset alarm modes corresponding to the tires with abnormal tire pressure are different from each other; the preset alarm modes are used to instruct the alarm module to output an alarm signal in the corresponding alarm prompt mode; the preset alarm modes include an audible alarm mode and / or an indicator light alarm mode, wherein the audible alarm mode includes at least one of the tone, rhythm, or number of times of the sound, and the indicator light alarm mode includes at least one of the color, flashing frequency, or brightness level of the indicator light.

[0130] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 701 is further configured to periodically detect the acceleration of the vehicle's tires via the acceleration sensor when a preset tire pressure monitoring cycle is reached, and to trigger the step of determining that the vehicle is in a turned-off state when the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is detected by the acceleration sensor to be lower than a preset acceleration threshold.

[0131] In one possible implementation, the power module includes an energy conversion module for collecting ambient energy and converting the collected ambient energy into electrical energy to power or replenish the power module.

[0132] In this embodiment, the determining unit 701 determines that the vehicle is in a turned-off state when the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is detected by the acceleration sensor to be lower than a preset acceleration threshold; the acquiring unit 702 acquires the tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle collected by the tire pressure sensor, and determines that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure when the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not meet the preset tire pressure safety judgment condition; the driving unit 703 drives the alarm module to output an alarm signal. This enables local monitoring and alarming of abnormal tire pressure even when the vehicle is turned off.

[0133] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an alarm device provided in an embodiment of this application. The alarm device 800 can be used to implement the tire pressure abnormality alarm method described in any of the above embodiments. The alarm device 800 includes a processor 801, a memory 802, an alarm module 803, a power supply module 804, a wireless communication module 805, and an acceleration sensor 806.

[0134] The processor 801 is the core control unit of the alarm device, used to execute tire pressure abnormality detection logic, engine shutdown status determination logic, and alarm control logic. The processor 801 can be a microprocessor, controller, single-chip microcomputer, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field-programmable gate array, or other programmable logic device. The processor 801 is connected to the memory 802, power supply module 804, wireless communication module 805, accelerometer sensor 806, and alarm module 803 respectively, for controlling and processing data from each module.

[0135] Processor 801 can be a controller, CPU, general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware component, or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of this application. For example, as described in Embodiment 1, when the tire pressure data of at least one tire is detected to not meet a preset tire pressure safety judgment condition, it is determined that the tire has abnormal tire pressure. Processor 801 can also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as including one or more microprocessor combinations, DSP and microprocessor combinations, etc.

[0136] It should be noted that in practical applications, the processor in the embodiments of this application can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method embodiments can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The processor described above can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0137] Memory 802 is used to store program instructions and related data. The program instructions include operation instructions for implementing functions such as tire pressure anomaly detection, tire pressure drop rate calculation, engine shutdown status identification, and alarm mode control. Memory 802 may include volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). Memory 802 provides program code and runtime data support when processor 801 executes instructions.

[0138] The memory 802 is, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EPROM, or CD-ROM, and is used to store related instructions and data. The memory 802 stores executable modules or data structures, or subsets thereof, or extended sets thereof: Operation instructions: This includes various operation instructions used to perform various operations.

[0139] Operating system: includes various system programs used to implement various basic business functions and handle hardware-based tasks.

[0140] Figure 8 Only one memory is shown in the image; of course, multiple memory can be configured as needed.

[0141] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). It should be noted that the memories described in the embodiments of this application are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0142] The alarm module 803 is used to output a local alarm signal when an abnormal tire pressure is detected. The alarm module 803 includes a sound module 8031 ​​and a light source module 8032. The sound module 8031 ​​is used to emit an audible alarm signal, such as outputting alarm prompts with different tones, rhythms, or frequencies via a buzzer; the light source module 8032 is used to emit a visual alarm signal, such as outputting prompts with different colors, flashing frequencies, or brightness levels via LED indicator lights. The processor 801 loads the corresponding preset alarm mode based on the detected abnormal tire markings and controls the alarm module 803 to output the corresponding audible and visual alarm signals.

[0143] The power module 804 provides electrical power to the alarm device 800. The power module 804 includes a battery 8041 and an energy conversion module 8042. The battery 8041 provides basic power to the processor 801, wireless communication module 805, accelerometer sensor 806, and alarm module 803. The energy conversion module 8042 collects ambient energy and converts it into electrical energy to supplement the power supply to the battery 8041. The energy conversion module 8042 may include a solar energy collection unit, a vibration energy collection unit, or other environmental energy collection devices to extend the operating time of the alarm device when the vehicle is off.

[0144] The wireless communication module 805 is used to receive tire pressure data sent from the tire pressure sensor inside the tire. The wireless communication module 805 can use Bluetooth communication, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication, or other point-to-point wireless communication methods to acquire tire pressure data of each tire when the vehicle is turned off, and transmit the data to the processor 801 for processing.

[0145] Accelerometer 806 is used to detect the acceleration information of the vehicle's tires. Processor 801 determines whether the vehicle is in a turned-off state based on whether the acceleration detected by accelerometer 806 is lower than a preset acceleration threshold and continues to do so for a preset duration, thereby triggering the subsequent tire pressure abnormality detection process.

[0146] In actual operation, the processor 801 receives tire pressure data via the wireless communication module 805 and determines tire pressure anomalies based on the judgment rules stored in the memory 802. When an anomaly is detected, the processor 801 drives the alarm module 803 to output a corresponding audible and visual alarm signal. Simultaneously, the processor 801 uses the accelerometer 806 to determine whether the vehicle is off, ensuring that tire pressure anomaly monitoring can still be performed even when the vehicle is off. The power module 804 provides independent power to the entire alarm device 800, enabling it to operate independently without relying on the vehicle control unit's power supply.

[0147] It should be understood that Figure 8 This is only a structural diagram. In actual applications, the modules can be integrated on the same circuit board or packaged in the same housing. The connection between the modules can be electrical or signal connection. The specific implementation should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0148] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0149] In summary, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for alarming abnormal tire pressure, characterized in that, The method is applied to an alarm device installed in a vehicle. The alarm device includes a power module and an alarm module; the power module supplies power to the alarm device, and the method includes: When the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is detected by the acceleration sensor to be lower than a preset acceleration threshold, it is determined that the vehicle is in a turned-off state. The tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle is acquired through the tire pressure sensor. When the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not meet the preset tire pressure safety judgment condition, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure. The alarm module is driven to output an alarm signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining that a tire has an abnormal tire pressure when the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not meet the preset tire pressure safety judgment conditions includes: The tire pressure data of each tire is compared with a preset tire pressure safety range. When the tire pressure data of at least one tire is detected to be outside the preset tire pressure safety range, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure. The preset tire pressure safety range includes at least one upper limit threshold and / or lower limit threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining that a tire has an abnormal tire pressure when the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not meet the preset tire pressure safety judgment conditions includes: The tire pressure drop rate within a preset time period is obtained from the tire pressure data of each tire, and the tire pressure drop rate is compared with a preset tire pressure drop rate threshold. When the rate of tire pressure drop exceeds the preset tire pressure drop rate threshold, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before driving the alarm module to output an alarm signal, the method further includes: Based on the detected tires with abnormal tire pressure, it is determined that the preset alarm modes corresponding to the tires with abnormal tire pressure are different from each other; the preset alarm modes are used to instruct the alarm module to output alarm signals in the corresponding alarm prompt mode; The preset alarm modes include a sound alarm mode and / or an indicator light alarm mode. The sound alarm mode includes at least one of the tone, rhythm, or number of times of the sound, and the indicator light alarm mode includes at least one of the color, flashing frequency, or brightness level of the indicator light.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the preset tire pressure monitoring cycle is reached, the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is periodically detected by the acceleration sensor, and the step of determining that the vehicle is in a turned-off state when the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is detected by the acceleration sensor to be lower than the preset acceleration threshold is triggered.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module includes an energy conversion module, which collects ambient energy and converts the collected ambient energy into electrical energy to power or replenish the power of the power module.

7. A tire pressure abnormality alarm device, characterized in that, The device is applied to an alarm system installed in a vehicle. The alarm system includes a power module and an alarm module. The power module supplies power to the alarm system. The device includes: The determining unit is used to determine that the vehicle is in a turned-off state when the acceleration of the vehicle's tires is detected by the acceleration sensor to be lower than a preset acceleration threshold. The acquisition unit is used to acquire the tire pressure data of each tire of the vehicle collected by the tire pressure sensor. When it is detected that the tire pressure data of at least one tire does not meet the preset tire pressure safety judgment condition, it is determined that the tire has an abnormal tire pressure. A drive unit is used to drive the alarm module to output an alarm signal.

8. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a memory, a communication interface, a processor, a power module, and an alarm module, wherein the memory, the communication interface, the power module, the alarm module, and the processor are interconnected; the memory stores a computer program, the power module supplies power to the alarm device, and the processor calls the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program stored in a computer storage medium; a processor of a computer device reads the computer program from the computer storage medium and executes the computer program, causing the computer device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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