A rotary bacteria-algae biofilm sewage treatment and carbon sequestration device and a method for treating domestic sewage

Abstract

The application discloses a rotary bacteria-algae biofilm sewage treatment and carbon fixation device, which comprises a water inlet adjusting tank, a water storage tank, a rotation angle adjusting mechanism, a biofilm rotating mechanism, a biomass harvesting mechanism, a solar panel, a storage battery and a general control mechanism. The biofilm rotating mechanism is arranged on the rotation angle adjusting mechanism. The biofilm rotating mechanism can grow bacteria-algae symbiotic communities to form bacteria-algae biofilm. The rotation angle adjusting mechanism can rotate the biofilm rotating mechanism to make the bacteria-algae biofilm always face the direction of the sun. The rotation angle adjusting mechanism can adjust the inclination angle of the biofilm rotating mechanism to adjust the immersion depth of the bacteria-algae biofilm and adapt to the change of the solar irradiation angle in different seasons. The side wall of the water storage tank is made of light-transmitting material, so that the bacteria-algae biofilm immersed in sewage can receive light. The application improves the biomass harvesting and sludge-water separation efficiency, and more effectively realizes the treatment of domestic sewage by the bacteria-algae process and efficient carbon fixation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquatic biological treatment technology, and in particular to a rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device and a method for treating domestic sewage. Background Technology

[0002] Current conventional biological aquaculture treatment technologies are based on the activated sludge process. In the aerobic unit, oxygen is supplied to bacteria through aeration to remove organic matter, as well as for nitrification and phosphorus removal. In actual production, this process generates significant direct and indirect carbon emissions due to the decomposition of organic matter by aeration and bacterial respiration. Algal-bacterial symbiosis, as a novel biological aquaculture treatment technology, allows algae to effectively fix carbon dioxide produced by bacterial respiration through photosynthesis while releasing oxygen to supply the bacteria, thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions.

[0003] Most existing bacterial-algae symbiosis technologies are based on suspended bacterial-algae, which have problems such as difficulty in separating mud and water, difficulty in biomass production, and low utilization of light and gas phase carbon dioxide.

[0004] Patent CN117125833A discloses a compact rotating algae biofilm reactor, which uses a Nefertory lens to concentrate natural light and a light guide module to refract the natural light, redirecting and stably focusing the sunlight onto the incident end of the light guide plate, providing stable and uniform illumination inside the reactor so that the light can be evenly dispersed on the surface of the biofilm. The above method has the following problems: (1) Due to the limited size of the lens, its area for receiving light is limited, which reduces the light intensity of the surface light source formed on the light guide plate. (2) In actual production, the light guide mechanism is easily contaminated, reducing the refraction effect, resulting in high maintenance and cleaning costs. (3) The compact arrangement will lead to excessively high local gaseous carbon dioxide concentration in the biofilm area, resulting in insufficient oxygen acquisition by the biofilm and affecting the pollutant treatment effect. Excessive biomass cannot produce better treatment effect.

[0005] Patent CN108163972A discloses a rotating biofilm reactor system and its application based on phosphorus and nitrogen removal. The flexible carrier of the algal biofilm is fixed on a conveyor belt-shaped rotating device. The rotating device is placed above the activated sludge tank. The bottom of the rotating component is in contact with the wastewater and activated sludge, forming a coupling relationship with the activated sludge. Overall, the activated sludge is located in the tank while the algae grow on the conveyor belt packing carrier. The above method has the following problems: (1) The algal biofilm and activated sludge do not grow together. The oxygen and carbon dioxide produced by them must go through a mass transfer process before they can be utilized by each other. This process will reduce the efficiency of carbon fixation and oxygen supply. In addition, a lot of energy is still needed for aeration to ensure the oxygen supply of activated sludge. (2) The vertically placed rotating components in the algal biofilm system will block sunlight from each other, resulting in a decrease in the utilization rate of light. In addition, the angle of sunlight changes over time, which can easily lead to uneven lighting and unstable treatment effect. (3) The advantages of algal biofilm in reducing pollution and carbon emissions are not fully utilized. Moreover, aeration can easily cause algal biofilm to fall off. In addition, activated sludge can easily adhere to algal biofilm during the contact process, which is not conducive to the photosynthesis of algal biofilm.

[0006] Patent CN210764585U discloses a bacterial-algal photobioreactor, which loads a bacterial-algal biofilm onto the inner and outer surfaces of a filter cloth. The filter cloth is supported by four gears and rotates, allowing the bacterial-algal biofilm to alternately contact the liquid and gas phases to remove organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus from the water. It also has a gas storage tank and a gas supply device to provide additional inorganic carbon to the bacterial-algal biofilm, and a light source to supplement the light for the bacterial-algal biofilm. The above method has the following problems in implementation: (1) The spacing between the filter cloths is too small, so natural light cannot be effectively utilized, and only supplemental light from the light source can be used, which will cause additional indirect carbon emissions. (2) It supplements the inorganic carbon in the system by supplying carbon dioxide gas, but the supplied carbon dioxide gas cannot be quickly and completely absorbed by the algae, so it will be emitted into the air, increasing carbon emissions. (3) The square filter cloth frame fixed by four gears will cause the rotation distance to be too long. The bacteria and algae entering the gas phase need a longer time to rotate into the liquid phase. The sewage carried out by the biofilm from the pool cannot maintain its metabolism in the gas phase, which will reduce the treatment effect and may affect the growth of the biofilm.

[0007] Patent CN107935186A discloses a solar-heated algae biofilm reactor. The reactor body has an external insulation shell, and multiple temperature sensors are installed inside. Multiple heating tubes are wound around the outer wall of the reactor body, with each heating tube being independent so that it circulates separately with the solar collector. Each heating tube is connected to the solar collector via a connecting plate. This invention utilizes a solar collector for heating, and by winding the heating tubes around the outside of the reactor and ensuring independent circulation for each tube, the uniformity of heating is improved. Furthermore, this invention incorporates solar hot water pipes wound around the outside of the reactor, and multiple sensors inside the reactor adjust the flow rate of the hot water in the heating pipes according to the temperature, thereby ensuring a suitable and stable temperature within the reactor and maintaining optimal reactor operation. However, the above method has the following problem: the device only considers the influence of temperature on the algae-bacterial system.

[0008] Utility model CN212924572U discloses a lighting device for supplemental lighting in wastewater treatment using algae and bacteria biofilm, relating to the field of wastewater treatment technology. It includes a transparent outer frame, a biofilm reaction tank, a first motor box, and a solar panel. The biofilm reaction tank is located inside the transparent outer frame, and the solar panel is installed above the transparent outer frame. The first motor box is fixed to the outside of the transparent outer frame, and two sets of the first motor box are provided. A lighting mechanism is connected to one end of the first motor box that passes through the transparent outer frame, and two sets of the lighting mechanism are provided. A power supply box is fixed below the first motor box. This utility model fully mixes air and water in the biofilm reaction tank, accelerating the metabolism of bacteria and thus rapidly decomposing harmful substances in the wastewater. The lighting mechanism accelerates the photosynthesis of algae, thereby absorbing nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter, and carbon dioxide from the wastewater and releasing oxygen to accelerate bacterial metabolism, effectively improving purification efficiency and the purity of the purified water.

[0009] Chinese patent CN118562584A discloses a supplemental lighting algae-bacterial symbiotic reactor, comprising a transparent reaction frame, an air inlet plate, an air inlet pipe, a scraping mechanism, a supplemental lighting mechanism, a collection and filtration mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a filter frame, and a cover plate mechanism. This invention allows for adjustment of the supplemental lighting method for the algae-bacterial symbiotic reaction according to the external lighting environment of the laboratory. When using natural light for supplemental lighting, the impurities adhering to the inner wall of the transparent reaction frame can be scraped upwards and cleaned by operating the clip and scraping frame. This process can be performed during the experiment without affecting it. When using artificial light for supplemental lighting, the external light source can be blocked, making the experimental lighting conditions more precise and controllable. Furthermore, the inner wall of the transparent reaction frame can be shielded to reduce the probability of impurity adhesion.

[0010] This invention, patent CN119612846A, relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to a highly efficient system for treating livestock and poultry farm wastewater using a symbiotic relationship between bacteria and algae. The system includes a ground-mounted solid-liquid separation module comprising an inlet pipe, a separation tank, and a filter basket. A nitrification / denitrification tank is located on top of the ground, with a stirring assembly inside. A chemical phosphorus removal module includes a coagulation / flocculation sedimentation tank and a stirring assembly. The coagulation / flocculation sedimentation tank is located on the ground, and the stirring assembly is located in the coagulation / flocculation zone inside the tank. This highly efficient system for treating livestock and poultry farm wastewater using a symbiotic relationship between bacteria and algae, compared to existing methods that solely rely on microorganisms to remove total nitrogen from wastewater, utilizes bacteria... The algae symbiotic structure allows microalgae and bacteria to work together in the oxidation pond to remove pollutants from wastewater, saving energy and carbon sources while improving wastewater treatment efficiency.

[0011] Patent CN117003371A discloses a bacterial and algal biological rotating disc and a low-carbon, high-efficiency wastewater treatment device. It uses a biological rotating disc as a carrier for bacterial and algal biofilm and optimizes the aeration method. However, the biological rotating disc, as a carrier for bacterial and algal biofilm, has the problems of low light utilization and difficulty in harvesting.

[0012] Patent CN217437850U ​​discloses a water circulation treatment device that uses a strip-type bacterial and algal biofilm structure and employs a spraying method to bring the bacteria and algae into contact with the sewage. The sewage is aerated before spraying. However, the bacterial and algal biofilm carrier is in a fixed state and has the problem of excessive energy consumption for spraying and aeration. Furthermore, the algae cannot make full use of natural sunlight.

[0013] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device. Summary of the Invention

[0014] This invention provides a rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device to solve problems in the prior art, such as difficulty in mud-water separation, difficulty in biomass production, and low utilization rates of light and gaseous carbon dioxide. Another aspect of this invention provides a method for treating domestic sewage using a rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device.

[0015] A first aspect of the present invention provides a rotary biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, comprising an inlet regulating tank, a storage tank, a rotation angle adjustment mechanism, a biofilm rotation mechanism, a biomass harvesting mechanism, a solar panel, a storage battery, and a central control mechanism. The solar panel is located at the top of the storage tank and is connected to the storage battery. The central control mechanism is connected to both the rotation angle adjustment mechanism and the biofilm rotation mechanism. The inlet regulating tank is located in front of the storage tank. Wastewater in the inlet regulating tank enters the storage tank via an inlet pump. The inlet regulating tank has an inlet. The rotation angle adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom of the storage tank and has a [missing information - likely a design feature]. The biofilm rotation mechanism includes a carrier component and a drive component. The carrier component is connected to the drive component. A bacterial-algal symbiotic community can grow on the carrier component to form a bacterial-algal biofilm. The biofilm rotation mechanism is equipped with a biomass harvesting mechanism. The rotation angle adjustment mechanism enables the biofilm rotation mechanism to rotate so that the bacterial-algal biofilm always faces the direction of direct sunlight. The rotation angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the tilt angle of the biofilm rotation mechanism to adjust the immersion depth of the bacterial-algal biofilm and adapt to changes in the angle of sunlight in different seasons. The sidewall of the water storage tank is made of a light-transmitting material so that the biofilm submerged in the sewage can receive light.

[0016] Preferably, in the rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, the rotation angle adjustment mechanism includes a rotation placement mechanism and an angle adjustment mechanism, wherein the rotation placement mechanism is provided with the angle adjustment mechanism and the angle adjustment mechanism is provided with the biofilm rotation mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, in the rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, the rotating placement mechanism includes a rotating support, a first servo motor, a waterproof housing, and a fixing screw plate. The bottom of the rotating support is connected to the first servo motor, the first servo motor is connected to the main control mechanism, the rotating support can rotate 180°, the top of the rotating support is connected to the angle adjustment mechanism, the first servo motor is placed inside the waterproof housing, the waterproof housing is set inside the water storage tank, and the waterproof housing is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank through the fixing screw plate.

[0018] Preferably, in the rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a connecting horizontal bar, a connecting vertical bar, a second servo motor, a third servo motor, a first rotating hinge, and a second rotating hinge. The second servo motor and the third servo motor are respectively connected to the main control mechanism. The connecting horizontal bar is set at the top of the rotating support to form a T-shaped structure. The two ends of the connecting horizontal bar are rotatably connected to the connecting vertical bar through two first rotating hinges. The connecting vertical bar is rotatably connected to both sides of the biofilm rotary mechanism through the second rotating hinges. The second servo motor is placed inside the connecting horizontal bar to drive the rotation of the first rotating hinge. The third servo motor is placed inside the connecting horizontal bar to drive the rotation of the second rotating hinge. The first rotating hinge can rotate to adjust the tilt angle of the biofilm rotary mechanism to adjust the immersion depth of the algae biofilm. The second rotating hinge can rotate to adjust the biofilm rotary mechanism to adapt to changes in the angle of solar radiation in different seasons.

[0019] Preferably, in the rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, the drive assembly includes a support frame, a drive wheel, a driven wheel, and a tension adjustment device. The carrier assembly includes a conveyor belt and a packing carrier covering the outside of the conveyor belt. The surface of the packing carrier is capable of growing algae biofilm. The two sides of the support frame are connected to the second rotary hinge. The top of the support frame is provided with the drive wheel, and the driven wheel is provided at the bottom of the support frame. The conveyor belt is sleeved on the drive wheel and the driven wheel. The tension adjustment device is installed at the ends of the shafts on both sides of the driven wheel, and the tension adjustment device can adjust the tension of the conveyor belt.

[0020] Preferably, in the rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, the tension adjustment device includes a spring, a slider, and an adjusting screw. The support frame has a longitudinal opening, the top of which is fixed to one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the roller shaft of the driven wheel. The slider is mounted on the adjusting screw, which is located at the bottom of the longitudinal opening. The slider can abut against the roller shaft of the driven wheel, so that the spring and the slider clamp the roller shaft of the driven wheel.

[0021] Preferably, the rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device includes a biomass harvesting mechanism comprising a scraper, a biomass storage tank, and a positioning connecting rod. The biomass storage tank is fixed to the end of the support frame via the positioning connecting rod. The scraper is positioned on the side of the biomass storage tank so that when the transmission belt rotates, the scraper controls the harvesting thickness of the algae biofilm, and the harvested biomass scraped by the scraper flows into the biomass storage tank.

[0022] Preferably, in the rotary biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, the water storage tank includes an outlet and a circulation pump. The outlet is connected to an outlet pipe, and a sludge discharge port is connected below the outlet of the water storage tank. The sludge discharge port is used to periodically discharge the biofilm sludge that has detached from the biofilm and entered the water storage tank. The circulation pump is located near the outlet side of the water storage tank. The circulation pump enhances the disturbance intensity of the system and improves the contact between microorganisms and organic matter in the wastewater.

[0023] Preferably, in the rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, the influent regulating tank and the storage tank together form a sealed box; the box is equipped with a light intensity sensor, an LED light, a carbon dioxide sensor, and an oxygen sensor, and the box is equipped with a ventilation device controlled by the central control mechanism; the central control mechanism is connected to the light intensity sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor, and the oxygen sensor respectively, and the central control mechanism can control the opening and closing of the ventilation device according to the feedback signals of the carbon dioxide sensor and the oxygen sensor to adjust the gas concentration in the box, and the central control mechanism can control the LED light to turn on or off according to the signal of the light intensity sensor.

[0024] The second aspect of this invention provides a method for treating domestic sewage using a rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, specifically including the following steps: Wastewater influent flows into the influent equalization tank to regulate the wastewater quality and quantity. Wastewater in the inlet regulating tank is pumped into the storage tank by the inlet pump; The depth of the biofilm rotating mechanism immersed in the sewage is adjusted in real time to control the contact area and time between the bacterial and algal biofilm and the sewage; at the same time, the angle of the biofilm rotating mechanism is adjusted according to the sun's position to ensure that the bacterial and algal biofilm receives optimal light; so that pollutants in the sewage are efficiently degraded under the symbiotic effect of bacteria and algae, and algal photosynthetic carbon fixation is achieved simultaneously. When the liquid level in the reservoir is higher than the outlet, the water in the reservoir flows out by gravity.

[0025] The beneficial effects are: This invention employs bacterial and algal biofilm technology, in which bacteria and algae adhere to the packing carrier, and the rotation allows the bacteria and algae to alternately contact the liquid and aqueous phases, effectively solving the problems existing in the above-mentioned suspended bacterial and algal technology, and making efficient use of sunlight through an angle adjustment mechanism.

[0026] This invention increases the biomass load, improves the utilization rate of light and gaseous carbon dioxide, enhances biomass harvesting and mud-water separation efficiency, and more effectively achieves the treatment of domestic sewage and efficient carbon sequestration through the bacteria-algae process. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water storage tank. Figure 3 This is a top view of the reservoir; Figure 4 This is a side view of the water storage tank; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the front structure of the combination of the rotation angle adjustment mechanism, the biofilm rotation mechanism and the biomass harvesting mechanism; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse structure of the combination of the rotation angle adjustment mechanism, the biofilm rotation mechanism, and the biomass harvesting mechanism. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a biofilm rotation mechanism; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the tension adjustment device Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a biomass harvesting facility; Figure 10-1 Screenshot of the running example; Figure 10-2 Screenshot of the running example; Figure 10-3 This is a screenshot showing the effect of running an example.

[0028] In the picture: 1. Water storage tank; 10. Storage battery; 11. Water outlet; 12. Sludge discharge outlet; 13. Water inlet; 14. Solar panel; 15. Inlet water regulating tank; 17. Ventilation vent; 18. LED lights; 3. Rotating placement mechanism; 31. Rotating support; 4. Angle adjustment mechanism; 41. First rotary hinge; 42. Second rotary hinge; 43. Connect the horizontal bar; 44. Connect the vertical bar; 5. Biofilm rotation mechanism; 51. Support frame; 52. Driving wheel; 53. Driven wheel; 54. Tension adjustment device; 55. Conveyor belt; 56. Packing carrier; 6. Biomass harvesting mechanism; 61. Positioning connecting rod; 62. Scraper; 63. Biomass storage tank; 71. Circulating pump; 72. Circulating pump pipe; 8. Central control mechanism; 9. Inlet pump; Detailed Implementation To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., to define components is merely for the convenience of distinguishing the aforementioned components; unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] This invention provides a rotary biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, comprising an inlet regulating tank, a storage tank, a rotation angle adjustment mechanism, a biofilm rotation mechanism, a biomass harvesting mechanism, a solar panel, a battery, and a central control mechanism. The solar panel is located at the top of the storage tank and is connected to the battery. The central control mechanism is connected to both the rotation angle adjustment mechanism and the biofilm rotation mechanism. The inlet regulating tank is located in front of the storage tank. Wastewater in the inlet regulating tank enters the storage tank via an inlet pump. The inlet regulating tank has an inlet. The rotation angle adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom of the storage tank and has the following features: A biofilm rotating mechanism includes a carrier component and a drive component, connected to the drive component. A bacterial-algal symbiotic community can grow on the carrier component to form a bacterial-algal biofilm. The rotating mechanism is equipped with a biomass harvesting mechanism. A rotation angle adjustment mechanism allows the rotating mechanism to rotate so that the bacterial-algal biofilm always faces the direction of direct sunlight. The rotation angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the tilt angle of the rotating mechanism to adjust the immersion depth of the bacterial-algal biofilm and adapt to changes in the angle of sunlight in different seasons. The sidewalls of the storage tank are made of a translucent material to allow the biofilm submerged in wastewater to receive sunlight. This invention increases biomass loading, increases the utilization rate of light and gaseous carbon dioxide, improves biomass harvesting and mud-water separation efficiency, and more effectively achieves wastewater treatment and efficient carbon sequestration through bacterial-algal processes.

[0032] The following section uses a rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device as an example to illustrate the entire technical process in detail.

[0033] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 9As shown, a rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device includes an inlet regulating tank 15, a storage tank 1, a rotation angle adjustment mechanism, a biofilm rotation mechanism 5, a biomass harvesting mechanism 6, a solar panel 14, a battery 10, and a central control mechanism 8. The solar panel 14 is located at the top of the storage tank 10 and is connected to the battery 10. The central control mechanism 8 is connected to both the rotation angle adjustment mechanism and the biofilm rotation mechanism 5. The inlet regulating tank 15 is located in front of the storage tank 1. Wastewater in the inlet regulating tank 15 enters the storage tank 1 through an inlet pump 9. The inlet regulating tank 15 is equipped with an inlet 13. The rotation angle adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom of the storage tank 1. The mechanism includes a biofilm rotation mechanism 5, which comprises a carrier component and a drive component. The carrier component is connected to the drive component. A symbiotic community of bacteria and algae can grow on the carrier component to form a bacterial and algae biofilm. The biofilm rotation mechanism is equipped with a biomass harvesting mechanism 6. A rotation angle adjustment mechanism enables the biofilm rotation mechanism 5 to rotate so that the bacterial and algae biofilm always faces the direction of direct sunlight. The rotation angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the tilt angle of the biofilm rotation mechanism 5 to adjust the immersion depth of the bacterial and algae biofilm and adapt to changes in the angle of sunlight in different seasons. The side wall of the water storage tank 1 is made of a light-transmitting material so that the bacterial and algae biofilm submerged in sewage can receive light.

[0034] Among them, the main control mechanism 8 is a PLC controller.

[0035] The inlet regulating tank 15 and the storage tank 1 together form an integrated enclosure. The side walls of the storage tank 1 are constructed of translucent materials such as tempered glass, forming a bacterial and algal reaction zone. The top of the inlet regulating tank 15 is a solid panel on which a solar panel 14 is installed. The solar panel 14 is connected to the battery 10, forming an independent energy system. Furthermore, an LED supplementary light 18 connected to the battery 1 is installed above the storage tank 1.

[0036] To achieve intelligent operation, a light intensity sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, and an oxygen sensor (not shown in the figure) are installed in the gas phase space above the liquid surface inside the water storage tank 1. All of these sensors are electrically connected to the central control mechanism 8 via signal lines or wireless means to monitor key environmental parameters inside the reactor in real time.

[0037] The central control mechanism 8 can control the LED lights 18 to turn on when there is insufficient natural light, based on the light sensor signal, to provide auxiliary light for the bacterial and algal biofilm, ensuring the continuous photosynthesis and thus maintaining the stability of wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration effects.

[0038] The sealed enclosure is designed to utilize the carbon dioxide produced by bacterial respiration in the algal symbiotic system, allowing it to accumulate in the gas phase and providing a carbon-rich environment for algal photosynthesis. Maintaining the carbon dioxide concentration within the system at a level higher than the atmospheric background value (approximately 0.04% by volume) and typically between 0.1% and 10% significantly promotes algal metabolism and growth, thereby improving the system's wastewater treatment efficiency and carbon dioxide fixation flux. The preset carbon dioxide concentration control threshold of the central control mechanism 8 is based on this optimized range. When the carbon dioxide sensor detects a concentration below the lower limit of this range, the central control mechanism 8 can reduce or delay ventilation to promote internal accumulation; when the concentration is too high (e.g., close to or exceeding 10%) and may have an inhibitory effect, the vent 17 is opened for dilution, thus achieving dynamic balance and optimized operation.

[0039] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the water storage tank 1 includes an outlet 11 and a circulation pump 71. The outlet 11 is connected to an outlet pipe. Below the outlet 11 of the water storage tank 1, there is a sludge discharge port 12. The sludge discharge port 12 is used to periodically discharge the bacterial and algal sludge that has fallen off the bacterial and algal biofilm into the water storage tank 1. The circulation pump 71 is provided near the outlet side of the water storage tank 1. The circulation pump 71 is connected to one side of the circulation pump pipe 72. The circulation pump pipe 72 is placed on the inlet side of the water storage tank 1. The circulation pump 71 enhances the disturbance intensity of the system and improves the contact between microorganisms in the device and organic matter in the sewage.

[0040] When using the device of Embodiment 1, biofilm formation of bacteria and algae is required. Activated sludge bacteria and algal solution are introduced into the storage tank 1, and the sludge discharge port 12 and the water outlet 11 are closed for intermittent cultivation. The angle adjustment mechanism 4 increases the immersion time of the packing carrier 56 in water, and the biofilm rotation mechanism 5 is turned on, so that the introduced bacteria and algae can form a biofilm on the packing carrier 56. After biofilm formation, wastewater is introduced into the influent regulating tank 15 to adjust the wastewater influent flow rate, and then pumped into the storage tank 1 by the influent pump 9 to react with the bacteria and algae biofilm. When the water surface submerges the water outlet 11, the water flows out naturally. The hydraulic retention time of the system is controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the influent pump 9.

[0041] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the rotation angle adjustment mechanism includes a rotation placement mechanism 3 and an angle adjustment mechanism 4. The rotation placement mechanism 3 is equipped with the angle adjustment mechanism 4, and the angle adjustment mechanism 4 is equipped with a biofilm rotation mechanism 5.

[0042] The rotating placement mechanism 3 includes a rotating bracket 31, a first servo motor, a waterproof housing, and a fixing screw plate. The bottom of the rotating bracket 31 is connected to the first servo motor, which is connected to the main control mechanism 8. The rotating bracket 31 can rotate 180° and, under the control of the main control mechanism 8, ensures that the algae biofilm always faces the direction of direct sunlight. The top of the rotating bracket 31 is connected to the angle adjustment mechanism 4. The first servo motor is placed inside the waterproof housing, which is installed inside the water storage tank 1. The waterproof housing is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank 1 through the fixing screw plate.

[0043] The angle adjustment mechanism 4 includes a connecting horizontal bar 43, a connecting vertical bar 44, a second servo motor, a third servo motor, a first rotating hinge 41, and a second rotating hinge 42. The second servo motor and the third servo motor are respectively connected to the main control mechanism 8. The connecting horizontal bar 43 is set at the top of the rotating bracket 31 to form a T-shaped structure. The two ends of the connecting horizontal bar 43 are rotatably connected to the connecting vertical bar 44 through two first rotating hinges 41. The connecting vertical bar 44 is rotatably connected to both sides of the biofilm rotation mechanism 5 through the second rotating hinges 42. The second servo motor is placed inside the connecting horizontal bar 43 to drive the rotation of the first rotating hinge 41. The third servo motor is placed inside the connecting horizontal bar 43 to drive the rotation of the second rotating hinge 42. The first rotating hinge 41 can rotate to adjust the tilt angle of the biofilm rotation mechanism 5 to adjust the immersion depth of the bacterial and algal biofilm. The second rotating hinge 42 can rotate to adjust the immersion depth of the biofilm rotation mechanism 5 and adapt to changes in the angle of solar radiation in different seasons.

[0044] Among them, the first rotary hinge 41 and the second rotary hinge 42 can achieve a maximum of 90 degrees. The rotation.

[0045] Continue to refer to Figure 7 The drive assembly includes a support frame 51, a drive wheel 52, a driven wheel 53, and a tension adjustment device 54. The carrier assembly includes a conveyor belt 55 and a filler carrier 56 covering the outside of the conveyor belt 55. The surface of the filler carrier 56 can grow a bacterial or algal biofilm. The two sides of the support frame 51 are connected to the second rotary hinge 42. The top of the support frame 51 is provided with a drive wheel 52, and the driven wheel 53 is provided at the bottom of the support frame 51. The conveyor belt 55 is sleeved on the drive wheel 52 and the driven wheel 53. The tension adjustment device 54 is installed at the ends of the shafts on both sides of the driven wheel 53. The tension adjustment device 54 can adjust the tension of the conveyor belt 55.

[0046] Continue to refer to Figure 8As shown, the tension adjustment device 54 includes a spring 55, a slider 57, and an adjusting screw 58. The support frame 51 has a longitudinal opening. The top of the longitudinal opening is fixed to one end of the spring 55, and the other end of the spring 55 is fixed to the roller shaft 56 of the driven wheel 53. The slider 57 is mounted on the adjusting screw 58, which is located at the bottom of the longitudinal opening. The slider 57 can abut against the roller shaft 56 of the driven wheel 53, so that the spring 55 and the slider 57 clamp the roller shaft 56 of the driven wheel 53.

[0047] A further method to adjust the distance between the driven wheel 53 and the driving wheel 52 is as follows: by rotating the adjusting screw 58 to adjust the depth of screw 58 screwing in, the slider 57 is pushed to slide and drive the roller shaft 56 to compress the spring 55, so as to adjust the position of the driven wheel 53.

[0048] During operation, the conveyor belt 55 is controlled by the central control mechanism 8 to rotate alternately in both forward and reverse directions to prevent deviation. In the initial commissioning stage of the equipment and after long-term operation, the tension adjustment device 54 is used to prevent the conveyor belt 55 from deviating.

[0049] Among them, the conveyor belt 55 serves as the core mechanical transmission and support frame (made of sturdy and durable rubber or similar materials).

[0050] The filler carrier 56 is a layer of biocompatible material (such as polyester fiber) wrapped around the outside of the conveyor belt 55. Its function is to provide a large specific surface area and suitable surface properties to promote the initial attachment and long-term stable growth of microorganisms.

[0051] The bacterial-algal biofilm is formed by the actual growth of a bacterial-algal symbiotic community on the surface of the filler carrier 56.

[0052] like Figure 9 As shown, the biomass harvesting mechanism 6 includes a scraper 62, a biomass storage tank 63, and a positioning connecting rod 61. The biomass storage tank 63 is fixed to the end of the support frame 51 by the positioning connecting rod 61. The scraper 62 is set on the side of the biomass storage tank 63. The scraper 62 is at a certain distance from the conveyor belt 55. When the biofilm grows beyond this distance limit, it is scraped off. This allows the scraper 62 to control the harvesting thickness of the bacterial and algal biofilm when the conveyor belt 55 rotates. The blade of the scraper 62 faces obliquely upward. When the conveyor belt 55 changes its rotation direction and rotates downward, the biomass is harvested. The biomass scraped by the scraper 62 flows into the biomass storage tank 63.

[0053] Preferably, the distance between the scraper 62 and the conveyor belt 55 is 2cm.

[0054] The biofilm harvesting mechanism 6 is controlled by the positioning connecting rod 61. After it is locked, it can control the thickness of the scraped bacterial and algal biofilm. Bacterial and algal biofilm exceeding the thickness limit is scraped off by the scraper 62 and flows into the biomass storage tank 63 for temporary storage.

[0055] Example 2 A method for treating domestic sewage using a rotary bacterial and algal biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device specifically includes the following steps: S1: Sewage influent flows into influent regulating tank 15 to regulate the sewage quality and quantity.

[0056] S2: Wastewater in the inlet regulating tank 15 is pumped into the storage tank 1 through the inlet pump 9.

[0057] S3: Adjust the depth of the biofilm rotation mechanism 5 immersed in the sewage in real time to control the contact area and time between the bacterial and algal biofilm and the sewage; at the same time, adjust the angle of the biofilm rotation mechanism 5 according to the sun's position to ensure that the bacterial and algal biofilm receives the best light; so that pollutants in the sewage are efficiently degraded under the symbiotic effect of bacteria and algae, and algal photosynthetic carbon fixation is achieved simultaneously.

[0058] S4: When the liquid level in the water storage tank 1 is higher than the outlet 11, the water in the water storage tank 1 flows out by gravity.

[0059] Example 3 like Figure 10-1 , 10-2 and Figure 10-3 As shown, simulated domestic sewage was used as the treatment target. The influent water quality was COD=400mg / L, TN=150mg / L, and TP=5mg / L, fluctuating within a certain range. After the sewage quality and quantity were regulated in the influent equalization tank 15, it was pumped into the storage tank 1 by the influent pump. The hydraulic retention time was 24h. The average quality of the treated effluent was COD≤50mg / L, TN≤10mg / L, and TP≤3mg / L. The average removal rates of COD, TN, and TP were 86.3%, 72.5%, and 62.2%, respectively.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device, characterized in that, The system includes an inlet regulating tank, a water storage tank, a rotation angle adjustment mechanism, a biofilm rotation mechanism, a biomass harvesting mechanism, a solar panel, a battery, and a central control mechanism. The solar panel is located at the top of the water storage tank and is connected to the battery. The central control mechanism is connected to both the rotation angle adjustment mechanism and the biofilm rotation mechanism. The inlet regulating tank is located in front of the water storage tank. Wastewater from the inlet regulating tank enters the water storage tank via an inlet pump. The inlet regulating tank has an inlet. The rotation angle adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom of the water storage tank and includes the biofilm rotation mechanism. The rotating mechanism includes a carrier component and a drive component. The carrier component is connected to the drive component. A bacterial-algae symbiotic community can grow on the carrier component to form a bacterial-algae biofilm. The biofilm rotating mechanism is equipped with the biomass harvesting mechanism. The rotation angle adjustment mechanism enables the biofilm rotating mechanism to rotate so that the bacterial-algae biofilm always faces the direction of direct sunlight. The rotation angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the tilt angle of the biofilm rotating mechanism to adjust the immersion depth of the bacterial-algae biofilm and adapt to changes in the angle of sunlight in different seasons. The side wall of the water storage tank is made of a light-transmitting material so that the biofilm submerged in the sewage can receive light.

2. The rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation angle adjustment mechanism includes a rotation placement mechanism and an angle adjustment mechanism. The rotation placement mechanism is equipped with the angle adjustment mechanism, and the angle adjustment mechanism is equipped with the biofilm rotation mechanism.

3. The rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating placement mechanism includes a rotating bracket, a first servo motor, a waterproof housing, and a fixing screw plate. The bottom of the rotating bracket is connected to the first servo motor, and the first servo motor is connected to the main control mechanism. The rotating bracket can rotate 180°. The top of the rotating bracket is connected to the angle adjustment mechanism. The first servo motor is placed inside the waterproof housing, which is located inside the water storage tank. The waterproof housing is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank via the fixing screw plate.

4. The rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The angle adjustment mechanism includes a connecting horizontal bar, a connecting vertical bar, a second servo motor, a third servo motor, a first rotating hinge, and a second rotating hinge. The second servo motor and the third servo motor are respectively connected to the main control mechanism. The connecting horizontal bar is set at the top of the rotating bracket to form a T-shaped structure. The two ends of the connecting horizontal bar are rotatably connected to the connecting vertical bar through two first rotating hinges. The connecting vertical bar is rotatably connected to both sides of the biofilm rotation mechanism through the second rotating hinges. The second servo motor is placed inside the connecting horizontal bar to drive the rotation of the first rotating hinge. The third servo motor is placed inside the connecting horizontal bar to drive the rotation of the second rotating hinge. The first rotating hinge can rotate to adjust the tilt angle of the biofilm rotation mechanism to adjust the immersion depth of the algal biofilm. The second rotating hinge can rotate to adjust the biofilm rotation mechanism to adapt to changes in the angle of solar radiation in different seasons.

5. The rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a support frame, a drive wheel, a driven wheel, and a tension adjustment device. The carrier assembly includes a conveyor belt and a filler carrier covering the outside of the conveyor belt. The surface of the filler carrier is capable of growing a bacterial or algal biofilm. The two sides of the support frame are connected to the second rotary hinge. The drive wheel is located at the top of the support frame, and the driven wheel is located at the bottom of the support frame. The conveyor belt is sleeved on the drive wheel and the driven wheel. The tension adjustment device is installed at the ends of the shafts on both sides of the driven wheel, and the tension adjustment device can adjust the tension of the conveyor belt.

6. The rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tension adjustment device includes a spring, a slider, and an adjusting screw. The support frame has a longitudinal opening. The top of the longitudinal opening is fixed to one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the roller shaft of the driven wheel. The slider is disposed on the adjusting screw, which is disposed at the bottom of the longitudinal opening. The slider can abut against the roller shaft of the driven wheel, so that the spring and the slider clamp the roller shaft of the driven wheel.

7. The rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The biomass harvesting mechanism includes a scraper, a biomass storage tank, and a positioning connecting rod. The biomass storage tank is fixed to the end of the support frame by the positioning connecting rod. The scraper is set on the side of the biomass storage tank so that when the transmission belt rotates, the scraper controls the harvesting thickness of the bacterial and algal biofilm, and the scraper scrapes the harvested biomass into the biomass storage tank.

8. The rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water storage tank includes an outlet and a circulation pump. The outlet is connected to an outlet pipe, and a sludge discharge port is connected below the outlet of the water storage tank. The sludge discharge port is used to periodically discharge the bacterial and algal sludge that has detached from the biofilm into the water storage tank. The circulation pump is located near the outlet side of the water storage tank. The circulation pump enhances the disturbance intensity of the system and improves the contact between microorganisms in the device and organic matter in the sewage.

9. The rotary algae biofilm wastewater treatment and carbon sequestration device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The inlet regulating tank and the storage tank together form a sealed enclosure. The enclosure is equipped with a light intensity sensor, LED lights, a carbon dioxide sensor, and an oxygen sensor. A ventilation device controlled by a central control mechanism is also installed on the enclosure. The central control mechanism is connected to the light intensity sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor, and the oxygen sensor. Based on feedback signals from the carbon dioxide and oxygen sensors, the central control mechanism controls the opening and closing of the ventilation device to regulate the gas concentration within the enclosure. Based on the signal from the light intensity sensor, the central control mechanism also controls the LED lights to turn on or off.

10. A method for treating domestic sewage using the rotary algae biofilm sewage treatment and carbon sequestration device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Specifically, the steps include the following: Wastewater influent flows into the influent equalization tank to regulate the wastewater quality and quantity. Wastewater in the inlet regulating tank is pumped into the storage tank by the inlet pump; The depth of the biofilm rotating mechanism immersed in the sewage is adjusted in real time to control the contact area and time between the bacterial and algal biofilm and the sewage; at the same time, the angle of the biofilm rotating mechanism is adjusted according to the sun's position to ensure that the bacterial and algal biofilm receives optimal light; so that pollutants in the sewage are efficiently degraded under the symbiotic effect of bacteria and algae, and algal photosynthetic carbon fixation is achieved simultaneously. When the liquid level in the reservoir is higher than the outlet, the water in the reservoir flows out by gravity.

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