Preparation method and application of two-component fireproof flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant sealant
By designing a combination of phosphorus, nitrogen, and silicon multi-element synergistic flame retardant additives with methyl phenyl silicone rubber, the problems of insufficient fire retardancy and high temperature resistance of existing silicone sealants have been solved, resulting in a highly efficient flame retardant, high temperature resistant, and mechanically superior sealant suitable for fields such as electronics, aerospace, and more.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGDONG JIAOLANG NEW MATERIAL TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing two-component silicone sealants have shortcomings in terms of fire retardancy and high temperature resistance. Traditional flame retardants have environmental problems and poor compatibility with the matrix, which affects mechanical properties. Furthermore, the addition of phenyl silicone rubber leads to excessively high viscosity or slow curing speed, making it difficult to balance flame retardancy efficiency and mechanical properties.
Flame retardant additives containing phosphate groups, -Si-O-Si- segments, and nitrogen-containing triazine ring structures are used to form a dense carbon layer with the silicone rubber matrix through chemical bonding. Combined with methylphenyl silicone rubber, the high temperature resistance is improved. By optimizing the ratio of phenyl content to flame retardant additives, a balance between multi-element synergistic flame retardancy and mechanical properties is achieved.
It achieves high-efficiency flame retardant performance, with a limiting oxygen index of over 32% and a flame retardant rating of UL94 V-0. It also exhibits excellent high-temperature resistance, with the sealant maintaining over 85% of its tensile strength at 300℃. Furthermore, the flame retardant demonstrates good stability, is not prone to migration, and possesses excellent mechanical properties.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of organosilicon sealant technology, specifically relating to a preparation method and application of a two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant. Background Technology
[0002] Silicone sealants possess excellent resistance to high and low temperatures, aging, weathering, and electrical insulation, making them widely used in construction, electronics, aerospace, and automotive manufacturing. Two-component condensation-type room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubbers are commonly used for potting and sealing electronic components due to their fast curing speed, thorough deep curing, and good adhesion to most substrates.
[0003] However, existing two-component silicone sealants still have shortcomings in terms of fire resistance, flame retardancy, and high-temperature resistance. Firstly, ordinary silicone rubber itself has a certain degree of flammability, with a limiting oxygen index of only about 20%, and will continue to burn when exposed to fire, failing to meet the fire safety requirements of high-rise buildings, rail transportation, and electronic appliances. While traditional halogenated flame retardants have high flame retardant efficiency, they produce large amounts of toxic fumes and corrosive gases during combustion, harming the environment and human health. Inorganic flame retardants (such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide), although environmentally friendly, require large amounts and have poor compatibility with the silicone rubber matrix, severely damaging the mechanical and processing properties of the sealant.
[0004] Secondly, ordinary silicone sealants have limited high-temperature resistance. When used for extended periods above 200°C, the molecular chains are prone to thermal oxidative degradation, leading to decreased hardness, loss of elasticity, and even powdering and cracking. Although introducing phenyl groups into the molecular backbone can significantly improve the high-temperature resistance and radiation resistance of silicone rubber, the addition of phenyl silicone rubber in existing technologies often results in excessively high system viscosity, slow curing speed, and a difficult balance between phenyl content and mechanical properties.
[0005] Furthermore, most existing flame-retardant sealants use additive flame retardants, which lack chemical bonding with the matrix and are prone to migration and precipitation during long-term use, leading to a decline in flame-retardant performance. Therefore, developing a two-component sealant that combines high-efficiency flame retardancy, high-temperature resistance, excellent mechanical properties, and stable flame retardant anchoring is of significant practical importance. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant, comprising component A and component B.
[0007] Component A, by weight, comprises: 80-120 parts of α,ω-dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane, 10-30 parts of methylphenyl silicone rubber, 5-20 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 50-150 parts of filler, 10-40 parts of flame retardant, and 0.5-2 parts of curing accelerator.
[0008] The B component, by weight, comprises: 10-30 parts dimethyl silicone oil, 5-20 parts silane coupling agent, 5-25 parts crosslinking agent, 0.1-2 parts catalyst, and 1-5 parts dehydrating agent.
[0009] Furthermore, the viscosity of the methylphenyl silicone rubber at 25°C is 2000-20000 mPa·s, preferably 5000-10000 mPa·s.
[0010] Further, the molar fraction of phenyl units in the methylphenyl silicone rubber is 10%-30%; preferably, the molar fraction of phenyl units in the methylphenyl silicone rubber is 15%-25%. When the molar fraction of phenyl is less than 10%, the improvement in high-temperature resistance is not significant; when it is greater than 30%, the viscosity of the rubber compound is too high, the processing performance decreases, and the tensile strength is reduced.
[0011] Furthermore, the viscosity of the α,ω-dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane at 25°C is 2000-50000 mPa·s, preferably 5000-20000 mPa·s.
[0012] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the flame retardant additive to methylphenyl silicone rubber is (0.5-3):1, preferably (1-2):1. Insufficient flame retardant additive will result in inadequate flame retardant effect, while excessive additive will negatively impact mechanical and processing properties.
[0013] The preparation method of the flame retardant additive includes the following steps: Step S1: Under nitrogen protection, 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane and bis(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide were added to a reaction vessel at a molar ratio of 1:2, along with a catalyst. The mixture was stirred at 45-60°C for 5-8 hours. During the reaction, the two vinyl groups of 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane underwent an addition reaction with the two pH bonds of bis(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide, generating an intermediate containing a phosphorus-silicon structure. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain intermediate 1.
[0014] Furthermore, the catalyst is chloroplatinic acid or a caster catalyst (platinum-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane complex), and the amount of catalyst used is 0.01%-0.1% of the mass of 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane.
[0015] Step S2: Dissolve intermediate 1 obtained in step S1 in dichloromethane and stir until homogeneous. Under ice bath conditions, slowly add boron tribromide and stir at 0°C for 12-24 hours. During the reaction, the methoxy group in intermediate 1 is converted to a hydroxyl group by boron tribromide. After the reaction is complete, extract with ethyl acetate and deionized water. The organic phase is dried and concentrated to obtain intermediate 2 containing phenolic hydroxyl groups.
[0016] Furthermore, the molar ratio of intermediate 1 to boron tribromide is 1:4-8, and the preferred molar ratio is 1:5-6.
[0017] Step S3: Disperse intermediate 2 obtained in step S2 in an organic solvent, add 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine, and stir at 60-80℃ for 8-15 hours in the presence of an acid-binding agent. During the reaction, the phenolic hydroxyl group in intermediate 2 undergoes a nucleophilic substitution reaction with the chlorine atom of 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine, introducing a triazine ring structure into the molecule. After the reaction is complete, filter, and wash, dry, and concentrate the filtrate to obtain a flame retardant additive containing phosphate ester groups, -Si-O-Si- segments, and a nitrogen-containing triazine ring structure.
[0018] Furthermore, the molar ratio of intermediate 2 to 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine is 1:1-2, and the preferred molar ratio is 1:1.2-1.5.
[0019] Further, the acid-binding agent is one or more of triethylamine, pyridine, or N,N-diisopropylethylamine; the molar ratio of intermediate 2 to the acid-binding agent is 1:2-5, preferably 1:3-4.
[0020] Furthermore, the organic solvent is one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, or toluene.
[0021] Further, the filler is selected from one or more of fumed silica, precipitated silica, calcium carbonate, and silica powder. Preferably, the specific surface area of the fumed silica is 150-300 m². 2 / g.
[0022] Furthermore, the curing accelerator is selected from one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dioctanoate, or titanate.
[0023] Furthermore, the silane coupling agent is selected from one or more of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, or γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
[0024] Furthermore, the crosslinking agent is selected from one or more of tetraethyl orthosilicate, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, or polymethyltriethoxysilane.
[0025] Furthermore, the catalyst is selected from one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, dioctyltin dilaurate, or tetraisopropyl titanate.
[0026] Furthermore, the dehydrating agent is one or more of trimethyl orthoformate or triethyl orthoformate.
[0027] A method for preparing a two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of component A: Weigh each raw material according to the weight parts, add α,ω-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, methylphenyl silicone rubber, dimethyl silicone oil, filler, flame retardant and curing accelerator into a vacuum kneader in sequence, knead and dehydrate for 2-4 hours at 100-130℃ and vacuum degree of -0.08 to -0.1MPa, and cool to room temperature to obtain component A.
[0028] (2) Preparation of component B: Weigh each raw material according to the weight proportions, mix dimethyl silicone oil, silane coupling agent, crosslinking agent, catalyst and dehydrating agent evenly under nitrogen protection, stir at room temperature for 20-40 minutes to obtain component B.
[0029] (3) Preparation of sealant: Mix component A and component B at a volume ratio of (1-5):1 until uniform, and after curing, obtain a two-component fireproof, flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant.
[0030] Furthermore, the volume ratio of component A to component B is 4:1.
[0031] The present invention also discloses a two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant prepared according to any one of the above preparation methods.
[0032] Application of a two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant in sealing and protection in the fields of electronics, aerospace, building curtain walls, automobile manufacturing, photovoltaic modules, and power equipment.
[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The flame retardant additive designed and prepared in this invention contains phosphate ester groups, -Si-O-Si- segments, and a nitrogen-containing triazine ring structure, achieving synergistic flame retardancy of phosphorus, nitrogen, and silicon in a single molecule. During combustion, phosphorus forms phosphoric acid or metaphosphoric acid, promoting dehydration and char formation in the matrix, creating a dense char layer that isolates oxygen and heat. Nitrogen decomposes upon heating, releasing non-combustible gases such as ammonia and nitrogen, absorbing heat and diluting the oxygen concentration. Silicon migrates to the material surface during combustion, forming an inorganic heat-insulating layer containing Si-O-Si bonds. This synergistic effect of the three elements enables the sealant to rapidly form a dense char layer during combustion and inhibit flame spread, achieving a limiting oxygen index of over 32% and a flame retardant rating of UL94 V-0.
[0034] 2. The flame retardant additive of this invention contains multiple active groups (such as silanol and phenolic hydroxyl groups) that can participate in cross-linking reactions, enabling it to chemically react with the silicone rubber matrix. This allows the flame retardant additive to be firmly anchored in the three-dimensional network structure of the sealant through covalent bonds. This chemical bonding method fundamentally solves the problems of poor compatibility and easy migration and precipitation of the flame retardant with the matrix, ensuring the long-term stability of the flame retardant performance of the sealant.
[0035] 3. This invention adds methylphenyl silicone rubber to component A, introducing bulky phenyl groups into its molecular chain, which significantly improves the thermal stability and high-temperature resistance of the silicone rubber. When the phenyl molar fraction is controlled within the range of 10%-30%, the sealant can still maintain more than 85% of its tensile strength after long-term use at 300℃, while maintaining good processability and mechanical properties. The rigid structure of the phenyl group also helps to improve the sealant's impact resistance and damping properties. By optimizing the ratio of phenyl content to flame retardant additives, an optimal balance between high-temperature resistance and mechanical properties is achieved. Attached Figure Description
[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the synthesis route of the flame retardant additive in Example 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0038] Example 1 Step S1: Preparation of Intermediate 1 Under nitrogen protection, 100 g (0.54 mol) of 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane and 283 g (1.08 mol) of bis(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide were added to a 2 L reactor, along with 0.02 g of chloroplatinic acid catalyst (approximately 0.02% of the mass of 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane). The reaction was stirred at 50 °C for 6 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain intermediate 1 in approximately 92% yield.
[0039] Step S2: Preparation of Intermediate 2 200 g of intermediate 1 obtained in step S1 was dissolved in 1 L of dichloromethane and stirred until homogeneous. 270 g (1.08 mol) of boron tribromide (the molar ratio of intermediate 1 to boron tribromide was approximately 1:5) was slowly added dropwise under ice bath conditions, and the reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 18 hours. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate and deionized water. The organic phase was dried and concentrated to obtain intermediate 2 in approximately 88% yield.
[0040] Step S3: Preparation of flame retardant additives 150 g of intermediate 2 obtained in step S2 was dispersed in 1 L of N,N-dimethylformamide, and 25 g (0.14 mol) of 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine (the molar ratio of intermediate 2 to 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine was approximately 1:1.3) and 30 g of triethylamine (the molar ratio of intermediate 2 to triethylamine was approximately 1:3.5) were added. The mixture was stirred at 70 °C for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was washed three times with deionized water. The organic phase was dried and concentrated to obtain the flame retardant additive in approximately 85% yield.
[0041] Step S4: Preparation of Component A Weigh the following raw materials according to their respective weight proportions: 100 parts of α,ω-dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane (viscosity 10000 mPa·s), 20 parts of methylphenyl silicone rubber (phenyl unit molar fraction 20%, viscosity 8000 mPa·s), 15 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, and fumed silica (specific surface area 200 m² / g). 2 40 parts ( / g) of calcium carbonate, 60 parts of calcium carbonate, 25 parts of flame retardant additive, and 0.8 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate. The raw materials were sequentially added to a vacuum kneader and kneaded and dehydrated for 3 hours at 120℃ and a vacuum of -0.095MPa. After cooling to room temperature, component A was obtained.
[0042] Step S5: Preparation of Component B Weigh the following raw materials according to their respective weight proportions: 20 parts dimethyl silicone oil, 10 parts γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 15 parts tetraethyl orthosilicate, 1 part dibutyltin dilaurate, and 3 parts triethyl orthoformate. Mix the raw materials thoroughly under nitrogen protection and stir at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain component B.
[0043] Step S6: Preparation of sealant Mix component A and component B at a volume ratio of 4:1 until homogeneous, and cure at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant.
[0044] Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that in step S4, the molar fraction of phenyl units in the methylphenyl silicone rubber is adjusted to 30%, and the viscosity is 10000 mPa·s. The other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0045] Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that in step S4, the molar fraction of phenyl units in the methylphenyl silicone rubber is adjusted to 15%, and the viscosity is 6000 mPa·s. The other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0046] Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of flame retardant in step S4 is adjusted to 15 parts, while the other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0047] Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of flame retardant in step S4 is adjusted to 35 parts, while the other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0048] Example 6 The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of methylphenyl silicone rubber in step S4 is adjusted to 30 parts, while the other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0049] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that methylphenyl silicone rubber is not added in step S4 (it is replaced by an equal amount of α,ω-dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane), and the other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0050] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that no flame retardant additive is added in step S4, while the other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0051] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that in step S4, the flame retardant additive is replaced with an equal amount of commercially available aluminum hydroxide (average particle size 1-2 μm), and the other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0052] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that in step S4, the methylphenyl silicone rubber is replaced with an equal amount of dimethyl silicone rubber (without phenyl), and the other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0053] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine is not added in step S3 of the flame retardant preparation process (i.e., the flame retardant does not contain a triazine ring), while the other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0054] Performance testing The sealants prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were subjected to performance tests, and the test methods are as follows: (1) Flame retardant performance (UL94 vertical burning test): Tested according to UL94 standard. The sample size is 125mm×13mm×3.2mm. Five samples are taken for each example, and the flame extinguishing time and burning drip situation are recorded.
[0055] (2) Limiting oxygen index (LOI): According to GB / T 2406-2009 standard, the oxygen index instrument is used for testing. The sample size is 100mm×6.5mm×3mm.
[0056] (3) Tensile strength and elongation at break: According to GB / T 528-2009 standard, the test was conducted using a universal testing machine. The specimen was dumbbell-shaped and the tensile speed was 500 mm / min.
[0057] (4) Shore A hardness: tested using a Shore A hardness tester according to GB / T 531-2008 standard.
[0058] (5) High temperature resistance: The sealant sample was aged in a 300℃ oven for 240 hours, and the tensile strength retention rate before and after aging was tested.
[0059] (6) Flame retardant migration test: The sealant sample was soaked in deionized water at 80°C for 168 hours, and the phosphorus content in the water was tested (ICP method) to evaluate the migration and precipitation of the flame retardant.
[0060] Table 1. Flame retardant performance test results of each embodiment and comparative example.
[0061] Table 2. Test results of mechanical properties and high-temperature resistance of each embodiment and comparative example.
[0062] Table 3. Results of flame retardant migration test (phosphorus content in water determined by ICP method)
[0063] The test results in Tables 1 to 3 show that: (1) The sealants prepared in Examples 1-6 all achieved a UL94 V-0 flame retardancy rating, with limiting oxygen indices between 31.2% and 35.6%, significantly better than Comparative Example 1 (V-1 rating, 28.6%), Comparative Example 2 (no flame retardant, 22.1%), and Comparative Example 3 (V-2 rating, 26.5%). This indicates that the phosphorus, nitrogen, and silicon multi-element synergistic flame retardant additive designed in this invention has excellent flame retardant effects. Comparative Example 5 showed a significant decrease in flame retardant performance due to the absence of a triazine ring in the flame retardant additive, indicating that the introduction of the triazine ring structure plays a crucial role in improving the flame retardancy rating.
[0064] (2) The tensile strength retention rates of the sealants in Examples 1-6 were all above 84% after aging at 300℃ for 240 hours, with Example 2 (30% phenyl molar fraction) showing the highest retention rate of 90.2%. In contrast, Comparative Example 1 (without phenyl) had a retention rate of only 68.5%, and Comparative Example 4 (with dimethyl silicone rubber as a substitute) had a retention rate of 72.0%. This indicates that the introduction of phenyl into methylphenyl silicone rubber significantly improves the high-temperature resistance of the sealant, and the high-temperature retention rate increases with increasing phenyl content when the phenyl content is in the range of 15%-30%. However, when the phenyl content is too high (e.g., 30%), the initial tensile strength decreases slightly (3.0 MPa in Example 2 and 3.3 MPa in Example 3). Therefore, the optimal phenyl molar fraction range for overall performance is 15%-25%.
[0065] (3) The phosphorus leaching amount in water of the sealant in Example 1 was only 1.5 mg / L, far lower than that in Comparative Example 3 (9.2 mg / L) and Comparative Example 5 (3.8 mg / L). This proves that the flame retardant additive of the present invention is anchored in the silicone rubber matrix network through chemical bonds, effectively inhibiting the migration and precipitation of the flame retardant and ensuring the long-term stability of the flame retardant performance. Although the flame retardant additive of Comparative Example 5 was chemically modified, its anchoring effect was slightly worse due to the lack of triazine rings.
[0066] (4) The tensile strength of Examples 1-6 was between 2.8 and 3.4 MPa, and the elongation at break was between 360% and 450%, both of which were superior to Comparative Examples 1 and 3. Example 3 (15% phenyl) had the highest tensile strength and elongation, indicating that a moderate phenyl content is beneficial for maintaining excellent mechanical properties. When the amount of flame retardant additive exceeded 30 parts (Example 5), the tensile strength decreased. Therefore, the preferred amount of flame retardant additive is 15-30 parts.
[0067] (5) Synergistic optimization of phenyl content and flame retardant additive dosage. Example 1 (20% phenyl, 25 parts flame retardant additive) and Example 6 (20% phenyl, 25 parts flame retardant additive, 30 parts methylphenyl silicone rubber) both showed excellent comprehensive performance, indicating that when the phenyl molar fraction is around 20% and the methylphenyl silicone rubber dosage is 20-30 parts, the sealant can achieve the best balance between high temperature resistance, flame retardancy and mechanical properties.
Claims
1. A two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant, characterized in that, Includes component A and component B; Component A, by weight, comprises: 80-120 parts of α,ω-dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane, 10-30 parts of methylphenyl silicone rubber, 5-20 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 50-150 parts of filler, 10-40 parts of flame retardant, and 0.5-2 parts of curing accelerator. Component B, by weight, comprises: 10-30 parts dimethyl silicone oil, 5-20 parts silane coupling agent, 5-25 parts crosslinking agent, 0.1-2 parts catalyst, and 1-5 parts dehydrating agent; The preparation method of the flame retardant additive includes the following steps: S1. Under nitrogen protection, 1,3-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane and bis(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide were added to a reaction vessel at a molar ratio of 1:
2. Chloroplatinic acid or caster catalyst was added, and the mixture was stirred at 45-60°C for 5-8 hours. The mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain intermediate 1. S2. Dissolve intermediate 1 in dichloromethane, add boron tribromide dropwise under ice bath conditions, stir the reaction at 0°C for 12-24 hours, extract with ethyl acetate and deionized water, dry and concentrate to obtain intermediate 2. S3. Disperse intermediate 2 in an organic solvent, add 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine, and stir the mixture at 60-80°C for 8-15 hours in the presence of an acid-binding agent. After the reaction is complete, filter, wash, dry, and concentrate to obtain the flame retardant additive.
2. The two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molar fraction of phenyl units in the methylphenyl silicone rubber is 10%-30%.
3. The two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viscosity of the methylphenyl silicone rubber at 25°C is 2000-20000 mPa·s.
4. The two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viscosity of the α,ω-dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane at 25°C is 2000-50000 mPa·s.
5. The two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of intermediate 1 to boron tribromide in step S2 is 1:4-8.
6. The two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of intermediate 2 to 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine in step S3 is 1:1-2.
7. The two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filler is selected from one or more of fumed silica, precipitated silica, calcium carbonate, and silica powder; the curing accelerator is selected from one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dioctanoate, or titanate.
8. The two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silane coupling agent is selected from one or more of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, or γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the crosslinking agent is selected from one or more of tetraethyl orthosilicate, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, or polymethyltriethoxysilane; the catalyst is selected from one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, dioctyltin dilaurate, or tetraisopropyl titanate; and the dehydrating agent is one or more of trimethyl orthoformate or triethyl orthoformate.
9. A method for preparing a two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of component A: Weigh each raw material according to the weight parts, add α,ω-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, methylphenyl silicone rubber, dimethyl silicone oil, filler, flame retardant and curing accelerator into a vacuum kneader in sequence, knead and dehydrate for 2-4 hours at 100-130℃ and vacuum degree of -0.08 to -0.1MPa, cool to room temperature to obtain component A; (2) Preparation of component B: Weigh each raw material according to the weight parts, mix dimethyl silicone oil, silane coupling agent, crosslinking agent, catalyst and dehydrating agent evenly under nitrogen protection, stir at room temperature for 20-40 minutes to obtain component B; (3) Preparation of sealant: Mix component A and component B at a volume ratio of (1-5):1 until uniform, and after curing, obtain a two-component fireproof, flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant.
10. The application of a two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant according to any one of claims 1-8 or a two-component fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant sealant prepared by the preparation method according to claim 9 in sealing and protection in the fields of electronics, aerospace, building curtain walls, automobile manufacturing, photovoltaic modules, and power equipment.