A cable cooling liquid, its preparation method and use

Abstract

The application provides a cable cooling liquid and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cooling liquids, and comprises the following raw materials: perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, a plasticizer, a cosolvent, a chelating agent, a retarder, a flame retardant and an antioxidant. The cooling liquid prepared by the technical scheme provided by the application can achieve the purposes of excellent heat conduction capacity and corrosion resistance to cable materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coolant technology, specifically to a cable coolant, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy electric vehicles, the demand for charging piles has also increased rapidly, along with the need to shorten charging time. Shortening charging time requires increasing the charging current, but this increases the cable temperature. In the new energy vehicle sector, excessively high temperatures in low-voltage charging cables can lead to cable insulation damage, decreased charging stability, and burns. A common method to reduce cable overheating is to increase the cable core diameter. However, the specific application of charging cables limits their thickness and weight, and the core diameter cannot be increased indefinitely. Therefore, achieving rapid heat dissipation during fast charging is a key issue for the development of industries such as new energy electric vehicles.

[0003] Current solutions for efficient charging utilize liquid-cooled ultra-high-power charging technology. This works by creating a dedicated liquid circulation channel between the cable and the charging gun, filled with a cooling fluid. A power pump drives the coolant circulation, effectively removing heat generated during charging. This liquid cooling method ensures the battery temperature doesn't rise too quickly, enabling safe and fast charging.

[0004] Coolant is a crucial heat transfer medium for high-current charging cables. Excess heat generated during charging needs to be conducted, distributed, stored, and released using coolant as a heat carrier. Existing cable coolants are typically based on antifreeze coolants. In 2018, Jin Yindong et al. published "Applications of Antifreeze Coolants in Emerging Fields" in *Chemical Engineer*, mentioning that "pure water has a low boiling point; using water alone as a coolant easily leads to boiling and damage to the equipment. Therefore, adding ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, which have higher boiling points, raises the boiling point and provides good cooling." They further stated that "ethylene glycol is mainly used in automotive and industrial fields, while propylene glycol can be used in food or pharmaceutical fields with specific requirements." However, in the aforementioned antifreeze coolant, propylene glycol's basic properties are inferior to ethylene glycol. Ethylene glycol itself has a certain degree of toxicity, and in long-term high-temperature environments, ethylene glycol aqueous solutions are easily oxidized, generating acidic substances that are corrosive to cable materials.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to provide a cable coolant to solve the aforementioned existing problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a cable coolant, its preparation method and application, so as to achieve excellent heat conduction and non-corrosiveness to cable materials.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cable coolant comprising the following raw materials: perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, plasticizer, cosolvent, chelating agent, retarder, flame retardant and antioxidant.

[0008] The perfluorobutyl methyl ether used in this invention is a major component. Its perfluoroalkyl chain makes it compatible with various components in the system and can reduce the surface tension of the entire coolant system, resulting in strong fluidity. At the same time, its boiling point is 20±40℃ (760 Torr), so it can absorb heat quickly and dissipate heat effectively when the coolant is heated.

[0009] In this invention, the hydrogen atoms on both the tetrafluoroethyl and tetrafluoropropyl groups of the 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether are replaced by fluorine atoms. Together with perfluorobutyl methyl ether and other raw materials, this gives the entire system good chemical stability. The coolant is generally stable and does not easily react with metallic or non-metallic materials, and has no effect on the cable materials it contacts. Furthermore, perfluorobutyl methyl ether and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether together endow the coolant with excellent thermal conductivity. The low viscosity of the raw materials and low flow resistance further enhance the heat dissipation effect of the coolant.

[0010] Optional ingredients include the following parts by weight: 70-85 parts perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 10-20 parts 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 1-7 parts plasticizer, 1-5 parts cosolvent, 0.2-0.9 parts chelating agent, 0.8-1 part retarder, 0.1-0.3 parts flame retardant, and 0.1-0.5 parts antioxidant.

[0011] The main components of this invention are perfluorobutyl methyl ether and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, which together give the coolant the characteristics of low boiling point and low viscosity. Combined with other raw materials, the coolant has strong stability, non-corrosiveness, and excellent thermal conductivity.

[0012] Optionally, the plasticizer is at least one or a mixture of two or more of dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and dioctyl azelate; the cosolvent is at least one or a mixture of two or more of glycerol, diethylene glycol, sodium benzoate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and sodium p-aminobenzoate.

[0013] Optionally, the chelating agent is at least one or a mixture of two or more of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, and sodium tripolyphosphate.

[0014] Optionally, the retarder is at least one or a mixture of two or more of phosphoric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, acrylate, and boric acid.

[0015] Optionally, the flame retardant is at least one or a mixture of two or more of the following: tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, tributyl phosphate, tri(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, tri(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide.

[0016] Optionally, the antioxidant is at least one or a mixture of two or more of the following: p-hydroxybenzoate, butylated hydroxytoluene, tert-butylhydroquinone, potassium hypophosphite, sodium phosphite, and 2,6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a method for preparing cable coolant, comprising the following steps: S1. Take perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, plasticizer, cosolvent and chelating agent, mix them, and heat under reflux in an inert atmosphere to obtain the composition; S2. Add flame retardant, antioxidant and retarder to the composition, stir evenly to obtain cable coolant.

[0018] This invention utilizes perfluorobutyl methyl ether and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether as bases, adding plasticizers, cosolvents, and chelating agents, followed by heating and reflux to obtain a composition with low surface tension, high thermal conductivity, no volatile residue, and low dielectric constant. Furthermore, by adding flame retardants, antioxidants, and retarders, the overall flame retardant properties and stability of the coolant are improved, resulting in a coolant that is highly inert and non-corrosive.

[0019] Optionally, the reflux temperature in S1 is 200~220℃, and the reflux time is 6~8h.

[0020] This invention controls the reflux temperature, resulting in a coolant with superior overall performance.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned cable coolant in liquid-cooled charging cables.

[0022] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention uses perfluorobutyl methyl ether and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether as the base to prepare cable coolant. The fluorine groups contained therein enable the cable coolant to have low surface tension and non-corrosive properties, as well as excellent thermal conductivity. At the same time, the perfluoroalkyl chain of perfluorobutyl methyl ether has good compatibility with the other components in the system, which improves the coordination of the components in the system, enhances the overall cooling effect, and further adds flame retardant and antioxidant effects. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To better understand the technical content of this invention, the invention will be further described and explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] The structure of the perfluorobutyl methyl ether used in this invention is as follows:

[0025] The structure of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether is as follows:

[0026] The features, beneficial effects, and advantages of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the contents of this specification.

[0027] Example 1 This embodiment provides a cable coolant comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 15 parts 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 7 parts plasticizer, 5 parts cosolvent, 0.9 parts chelating agent, 1 part retarder, 0.3 parts flame retardant, and 0.5 parts antioxidant.

[0028] The method for preparing the cable coolant includes the following steps: S1. Take perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, dimethyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate, sodium p-aminobenzoate and glycerol, and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, mix them, heat and stir, reflux, and reflux under an inert gas atmosphere at a reflux temperature of 200°C for 6 hours to remove the water generated in the reaction to obtain the composition; S2. Add tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, dibutylhydroxytoluene and tert-butylhydroquinone, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and trisodium phosphate to the composition, heat and stir, and cool to obtain cable coolant.

[0029] The cable coolant provided in this embodiment is used for liquid-cooled charging cables.

[0030] Example 2 This embodiment provides a cable coolant comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 10 parts 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 1 part plasticizer, 1 part cosolvent, 0.6 parts chelating agent, 0.8 parts retarder and 0.1 parts flame retardant.

[0031] The method for preparing the cable coolant includes the following steps: S1. Take perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, dibutyl phthalate, sodium benzoate and ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, mix them, heat and stir, reflux, reflux at 205℃ for 6 hours under an inert gas atmosphere, remove the water generated in the reaction, and obtain the composition; S2. Tris(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, tert-butylhydroquinone and boric acid are added to the composition, and the mixture is heated, stirred and cooled to obtain cable coolant.

[0032] The cable coolant provided in this embodiment is used for liquid-cooled charging cables.

[0033] Example 3 This embodiment provides a cable coolant comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 10 parts 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 5 parts plasticizer, 3 parts cosolvent, 0.5 parts chelating agent, 0.5 parts retarder, and 0.2 parts flame retardant.

[0034] The method for preparing the cable coolant includes the following steps: S1. Take perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, dioctyl azelate, diethylene glycol, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, mix them, heat and stir, and reflux them under an inert gas atmosphere. The reflux temperature is 210℃ and the reflux time is 7h. Remove the water generated in the reaction to obtain the composition. S2. Add ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, butylated hydroxytoluene and sodium dihydrogen phosphate to the composition, heat and stir, and then cool to obtain cable cooling liquid.

[0035] Example 4 This embodiment provides a cable coolant comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 15 parts 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 3 parts plasticizer, 2 parts cosolvent, 0.4 parts chelating agent, 0.9 parts retarder and 0.3 parts flame retardant.

[0036] The method for preparing the cable coolant includes the following steps: S1. Take perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, dioctyl azelate, sodium p-aminobenzoate and sodium tripolyphosphate, mix them, heat and stir, reflux, reflux under an inert gas atmosphere, reflux temperature is 215℃, reflux time is 8h, remove the water generated in the reaction, and obtain the composition; S2. Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate, 2,6-tributyl-4-methylphenol and trisodium phosphate are added to the composition, and the mixture is heated, stirred and cooled to obtain cable coolant.

[0037] The cable coolant provided in this embodiment is used for liquid-cooled charging cables.

[0038] Example 5 This embodiment provides a cable coolant comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 78 parts perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 14 parts 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 2 parts plasticizer, 4 parts cosolvent, 0.9 parts chelating agent, 0.9 parts retarder, and 0.2 parts flame retardant.

[0039] The method for preparing the cable coolant includes the following steps: S1. Take perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, dibutyl phthalate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, mix them, heat and stir, reflux, reflux at 220°C for 8 hours under an inert gas atmosphere, remove the water generated in the reaction, and obtain the composition; S2. Add tributyl phosphate, potassium hypophosphite, sodium phosphite, and phosphoric acid to the composition, heat and stir, and then cool to obtain cable cooling liquid.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 3 is that perfluorobutyl methyl ether is not added.

[0041] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 3 is that 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether is not added.

[0042] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 3 is that perfluorobutyl methyl ether is replaced with ethylene glycol.

[0043] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 3 is that perfluorobutyl methyl ether and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether are replaced with ethylene glycol.

[0044] The cable coolants prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were applied to liquid-cooled charging cables for temperature rise testing. The tests were conducted using currents of 250A and 300A, a charging time of 10 minutes, and coolant flow rates of 2L / min and 3L / min in the cable. The specifications of the liquid-cooled cable were: EVDC-EYU-LC(Ⅲ)2×25+1×6+2×2.5+2×(2×0.5)(P2)+7×0.5 with a length of 3.5 meters. The test results are as follows:

[0045] Based on the data in Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the cable coolant prepared in Examples 1-5 of the present invention has a better cooling effect than the cable coolant prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4 under both conditions.

[0046] Based on the data in Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the average cable sheath temperature of the cable coolant prepared in Examples 1-5 of this invention is about 10°C lower than the average cable sheath temperature of the cable coolant prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4. In particular, compared with Comparative Examples 3 and 4, Example 3 shows that the coolant prepared by this invention using a combination of perfluorobutyl methyl ether and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, compared with the coolant prepared based on ethylene glycol, achieves a greater temperature reduction for the liquid-cooled charging cable, i.e., stronger thermal conductivity.

[0047] Compared to ethylene glycol, which is easily oxidized to form acidic substances that corrode cable materials in contact, the perfluorobutyl methyl ether and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether of this invention together give the entire system good chemical stability. The coolant has stable overall properties, does not easily react with metallic or non-metallic materials, and is non-corrosive to the cable materials in contact.

[0048] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable coolant, characterized in that, It includes the following raw materials: perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, plasticizer, cosolvent, chelating agent, retarder, flame retardant and antioxidant.

2. The cable coolant according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-85 parts perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 10-20 parts 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 1-7 parts plasticizer, 1-5 parts cosolvent, 0.2-0.9 parts chelating agent, 0.8-1 part retarder, 0.1-0.3 parts flame retardant, and 0.1-0.5 parts antioxidant.

3. The cable coolant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasticizer is at least one or a mixture of two or more of dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and dioctyl azelate; the cosolvent is at least one or a mixture of two or more of glycerol, diethylene glycol, sodium benzoate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether and sodium para-aminobenzoate.

4. The cable coolant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chelating agent is at least one or a mixture of two or more of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, and sodium tripolyphosphate.

5. The cable coolant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retarder is at least one or a mixture of two or more of the following: phosphoric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, acrylate, and boric acid.

6. The cable coolant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame retardant is at least one or a mixture of two or more of the following: tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, tributyl phosphate, tri(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, tri(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide.

7. The cable coolant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant is at least one or a mixture of two or more of the following: p-hydroxybenzoate, butylated hydroxytoluene, tert-butylhydroquinone, potassium hypophosphite, sodium phosphite, and 2,6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol.

8. A method for preparing the cable coolant according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Take perfluorobutyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, plasticizer, cosolvent and chelating agent, mix them, and heat under reflux in an inert atmosphere to obtain the composition; S2. Add flame retardant, antioxidant and retarder to the composition, stir evenly to obtain cable coolant.

9. The method for preparing cable coolant according to claim 8, characterized in that, The reflux temperature in S1 is 200~220℃, and the reflux time is 6~8h.

10. The application of the cable coolant as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 in a liquid-cooled charging cable.

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