A device and process for multi-functional finishing of loose fibre grade pashmina

Abstract

The application discloses a device and process for finishing goat cashmere in a loose fiber level, which comprises feeding units, airflow dispersion units, auxiliary agent applying units, short-time wetting units and saturated steam fixing units arranged from left to right; the feeding units output loose fibers as fiber curtains; the airflow dispersion units loosen and adjust the fibers forming the fiber curtains uniformly, and comprise loosening devices arranged in an up-down mode and jet nozzle pipes, and the left and right sides of the jet nozzle pipes are provided with suspension airflow pipes; laser sensors for monitoring the thickness of the fiber curtains are arranged between the feeding units and the airflow dispersion units; ion wind rod arrays are arranged between the airflow dispersion units and the auxiliary agent applying units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of loose-fiber multifunctional finishing technology for cashmere, specifically to a device and process for loose-fiber multifunctional finishing of cashmere. Background Technology

[0002] Cashmere is widely used in the production of high-end textiles due to its fineness, softness, and warmth. Before spinning, loose cashmere needs to undergo multiple processes such as combing and finishing to obtain pure, dehaired cashmere and give it specific functions, such as anti-yellowing, antistatic, antibacterial, and moth-proof properties.

[0003] Currently, the multifunctional finishing of loose-fiber cashmere mainly adopts the impregnation method. The typical process is as follows: the dehaired cashmere after combing is immersed in a treatment tank, functional auxiliaries are applied at a liquor ratio of 1:8 to 1:15, and then it is dehydrated, opened, and dried before being used for spinning. This process has the following problems: First, each ton of de-fluff finishing consumes approximately 8 to 15 tons of water, resulting in a large amount of wastewater and high treatment costs, which is inconsistent with the development trend of green manufacturing. After impregnation, the fibers absorb water and swell, reducing their strength. In addition, mechanical treatments such as dehydration and opening can lead to a fiber length loss rate of 3% to 8%, causing severe fiber damage and seriously affecting the subsequent spinning quality and the hand feel of the finished product.

[0004] Secondly, fibers are prone to depositing and entanglement in the impregnation tank, resulting in differences between the inner and outer layers. This leads to inconsistent finishing effects in the same batch of products. Production requires multiple steps such as impregnation, dehydration, opening, and drying, resulting in multiple material transfers, low production efficiency, and high labor costs.

[0005] Third, traditional drying methods involve high temperatures and short times, which prevents the additives from fully penetrating and fixing, resulting in poor water washability.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device and process for multifunctional finishing of loose-fiber cashmere to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multifunctional device for finishing loose-fiber cashmere, comprising a feeding unit, an airflow dispersion unit, an auxiliary agent application unit, a short-time wetting unit, and a saturated steam fixation unit arranged sequentially from left to right; The feeding unit outputs loose fibers as a fiber curtain; The airflow dispersion unit loosens and adjusts the fibers forming the fiber curtain to be uniform. It includes a loosening device and a jet nozzle tube distributed vertically, and suspended airflow tubes are distributed on the left and right sides of the jet nozzle tube. A laser sensor for monitoring the thickness of the fiber curtain is provided between the feeding unit and the airflow dispersion unit. An ion bar array is provided between the airflow dispersion unit and the additive application unit.

[0008] Preferably, the loosening device includes a conveyor wheel that is forward and backward and spaced apart from left to right, a belt is fitted around it, the inner surface of the belt is provided with a groove, the outer surface of the belt is provided with a first loosening needle and a second loosening needle that are connected to the groove and are alternately distributed, and an air guide pipe that is forward and backward and spaced apart from left to right is laid on the groove located below the belt.

[0009] Preferably, the first loosening needle comprises: The first column cavity is located inside the first loosening needle and is connected to the channel. A first magnetic ring is fixed to its lower inner wall. The first air inlet is located on the outer wall of the first loosening needle and is inclined upwards. It is connected to the first column cavity and a first positioning sensor is also provided on its outer opening. The upper end of the column tube is fixed to the upper inner wall of the first column cavity, and the lower end passes through the first magnetic ring; The first magnetic plug sleeve is fitted over the outside of the column tube and is located between the first magnetic ring and the upper end of the column tube, and is attracted to the first magnetic ring; The lower end of the first composite fiber rod is connected to the upper end of the first magnetic plug sleeve, and the upper end of the rod is placed in the first air port.

[0010] Preferably, the second loosening needle comprises: The second column cavity is located inside the second loosening needle and is connected to the channel. A second magnetic ring is fixed to its upper inner wall. The second air inlet is located on the outer wall of the second loosening needle and is inclined downwards. It is connected to the second column cavity, and a second positioning sensor is also provided on its outer opening. The second magnetic plug sleeve is located on the inner wall of the second cylindrical cavity and below the second magnetic ring, and is attracted to the second magnetic ring; The upper end of the second composite fiber rod is connected to the lower end of the second magnetic plug sleeve, and the lower end of the rod is placed in the second air port.

[0011] Preferably, the feeding unit includes an upper roller and a lower roller arranged vertically.

[0012] Preferably, the adjuvant application unit includes: The first conveyor belt has two sets arranged side by side, and a rotating shaft pointing forward and backward is provided below the belt surface above it. Cams that come into contact with the conveyor belt are distributed on the rotating shaft. An additive application box is located above and below the surface of the first conveyor belt; The cleaning device is located above and below the surface of the first conveyor belt.

[0013] Preferably, the cleaning device includes: The housing is positioned back-to-back and close to the first conveyor belt; The sliding column is vertically arranged and multiple are distributed to the left and right. A sliding seat slides vertically on the column, and a lint roller or dehumidifying roller rotates on the sliding seat. The sliding seat and the sliding column are also connected by a spring.

[0014] Preferably, the short-time humidification unit includes a second conveyor belt, with a high-pressure micro-mist humidification box located below the upper surface of the belt.

[0015] Preferably, the saturated vapor fixation unit comprises: Two sets of anchoring conveyor belts are arranged side by side on the left and right sides; The saturated steam box is located below the upper surface of the fixed mesh belt on the left side; The hot air drying box is located below the upper surface of the fixed mesh belt on the right side.

[0016] A process for finishing loose-fiber multifunctional cashmere includes the following steps: Step 1: Feed loose fibers into the feeding unit and output the loose fibers as a continuous fiber curtain. The thickness of the fiber curtain is monitored in real time by a laser sensor. Step 2: The fiber curtain enters the airflow dispersion unit, where a high-speed airflow is sprayed from the bottom upwards by the jet nozzle tube, impacting the fiber curtain and initially loosening it. The suspension airflow tubes on the left and right sides provide lateral auxiliary airflow to maintain the suspension of the fibers. The loosening device tears the fiber bundles in the fiber curtain into a fluffy fiber layer mainly composed of single fibers. Step 3: After the fluffy fiber layer passes through the ion air bar array to eliminate static electricity, it enters the auxiliary agent application unit, where the functional finishing liquid is evenly applied to the fiber layer; Step 4: After the functional finishing liquid is applied, the fiber layer enters the short-time wetting unit to wet it, so that the fiber surface is evenly replenished with water, but without forming droplets and dripping, and the fiber remains fluffy. Step 5: The moistened fiber layer enters the saturated steam fixation unit for steam and drying treatment, and finally outputs multifunctional finished cashmere loose fibers.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device and process for multifunctional finishing of loose fiber cashmere, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention employs a semi-dry finishing process. Through electrostatic spraying or ultrasonic atomization of the additive application unit, the functional finishing liquid is uniformly adhered to the fiber surface, with the liquid retention rate controlled below 30% of the fiber dry weight. Compared with the traditional impregnation method, this saves more than 80% of water and generates very little wastewater. At the same time, the airflow dispersion unit uses a jet nozzle to spray high-speed airflow from the bottom upwards, combined with lateral assistance from the suspended airflow pipe, so that the fibers are "torn" apart without mechanical contact, avoiding damage from hard impacts. The first and second loosening needles of the loosening device are made of flexible composite fiber rods, which dynamically extend and retract by airflow drive, making flexible contact with the fiber layer. The fiber length loss rate is greatly reduced, effectively maintaining the natural feel and strength of cashmere, achieving a unity of green manufacturing and high-quality finishing.

[0018] 2. This invention ensures uniform finishing through multiple methods. A laser sensor monitors the fiber curtain thickness in real time and provides feedback for adjustment. An airflow dispersion unit tears the fiber bundles into a fluffy state dominated by single fibers, with a porosity of 85%~95%. An auxiliary agent application unit uses a tumbling conveyor belt to continuously tumble the fiber layer, ensuring that each fiber surface is evenly contacted with the finishing liquid. An ion air bar array eliminates static electricity and prevents fiber adsorption. Then, a process combining saturated steam fixation and low-temperature drying is used. The saturated steam chamber at 100~110℃ allows the auxiliary agent to migrate into the fiber interior and be firmly fixed. Finally, it is dried with low-temperature hot air at 60~90℃ to avoid heat yellowing. As a result, the finished cashmere loose fibers can withstand more than 20 washes with anti-yellowing and antistatic properties, with a performance retention rate of more than 80% and a batch finishing effect variation coefficient of less than 5%.

[0019] 3. This invention adopts a continuous layout from left to right, with the feeding unit, airflow dispersion unit, auxiliary agent application unit, short-term wetting unit, and saturated steam fixation unit sequentially connected and seamlessly transitioned by a conveyor belt, eliminating the need for intermediate transfers and achieving continuous, uninterrupted production. Compared to traditional segmented processes, this reduces labor requirements on the production line and increases output per unit time. Simultaneously, the auxiliary agent application unit is equipped with a cleaning device, employing spring-floating lint rollers and dehumidifying rollers to continuously clean the fiber lint and condensate from the surface of the first conveyor belt, preventing belt blockage. Each unit adopts a modular design, facilitating disassembly and cleaning, adapting to the rapid switching needs of processing different colors and batches of cashmere, and ensuring long-term operational stability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the loosening device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first loosening needle structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second loosening needle structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the additive application unit structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the short-time wetting unit and saturated vapor fixation unit of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning device structure of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Feeding unit; 2. Airflow dispersion unit; 3. Additive application unit; 4. Short-time wetting unit; 5. Saturated vapor fixation unit; 6. Loosening device; 7. Ionizing air bar array; 11. Lower roller; 12. Upper roller; 13. Laser sensor; 21. Jet nozzle pipe; 22. Suspended airflow pipe; 31. First conveyor belt; 32. Additive application box; 33. Rotating shaft; 34. Cam; 35. Cleaning device; 351. Box cover; 352. Sliding column; 353. Sliding seat; 354. Spring; 355. Lint roller; 356. Dehumidifying roller; 41. Second conveyor belt; 42. High pressure. 51. Micro-mist humidification chamber; 52. Fixing mesh belt; 53. Saturated steam chamber; 54. Hot air drying chamber; 65. Conveyor wheel; 66. Belt; 67. First loosening needle; 68. Second loosening needle; 69. Channel; 60. Air guide pipe; 61. First column cavity; 62. First air port; 633. First magnetic ring; 64. Column tube; 65. First magnetic plug sleeve; 66. First composite fiber rod; 67. First positioning sensor; 68. Second column cavity; 69. Second air port; 60. Second magnetic ring; 610. Second magnetic plug sleeve; 62. Second composite fiber rod; 63. Second positioning sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Reference Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a multifunctional device for finishing loose fiber cashmere, which includes a feeding unit 1, an airflow dispersion unit 2, an auxiliary agent application unit 3, a short-time wetting unit 4, and a saturated steam fixation unit 5 arranged from left to right. The feeding unit 1 outputs loose fibers as a fiber curtain; The airflow dispersion unit 2 loosens and adjusts the fibers forming the fiber curtain to be uniform. It includes a loosening device 6 and a jet nozzle pipe 21 distributed vertically, and suspended airflow pipes 22 are distributed on the left and right sides of the jet nozzle pipe 21. A laser sensor 13 for monitoring the thickness of the fiber curtain is provided between the feeding unit 1 and the airflow dispersion unit 2; An ion bar array 7 is provided between the airflow dispersion unit 2 and the additive application unit 3.

[0022] In this embodiment, a continuous layout from left to right is adopted, with a feeding unit, an airflow dispersion unit, an additive application unit, a short-time wetting unit, and a saturated steam fixation unit arranged sequentially to form a complete semi-dry multifunctional finishing production line. The feeding unit calenders the loose fibers into a uniform and continuous fiber curtain for easy subsequent processing. The airflow dispersion unit consists of loosening devices and jet nozzles distributed vertically. The jet nozzles spray high-speed airflow from the bottom upwards to initially loosen the fiber curtain. The suspended airflow pipes on the left and right sides provide lateral auxiliary airflow to keep the fibers suspended and prevent them from falling and accumulating. The loosening devices further tear the fiber bundles into a fluffy state dominated by single fibers. A laser sensor monitors the thickness of the fiber curtain in real time and adjusts the gap between the pressure rollers of the feeding unit to ensure input stability. The ion air bar array eliminates the static electricity generated by the fibers in the airflow friction, prevents the fibers from adsorbing each other, and improves the uniformity of subsequent additive application, thereby finishing the loose fibers.

[0023] In this embodiment, the loosening device 6 includes a conveyor wheel 61 that is forward and backward and spaced apart from left and right. A belt 62 is fitted around the wheel. The inner surface of the belt 62 is provided with a channel 65. The outer surface of the belt 62 is provided with a first loosening needle 63 and a second loosening needle 64 that are connected to the channel 65 and are alternately distributed. An air guide pipe 66 that is forward and backward and spaced apart from left and right is placed on the channel 65 located below the belt 62.

[0024] In this embodiment, the loosening device adopts a circulating belt structure, with first and second loosening needles alternately distributed on the belt. The grooves on the inner surface of the belt are connected to the air guide pipe. After compressed air is introduced into the air guide pipe, the airflow enters the interior of each loosening needle through the grooves. As the first and second loosening needles move with the belt, they alternately act on the fiber layer below. Due to their different structures, one sprays air upwards and the other sprays air downwards, generating airflow impacts in alternating directions. Combined with the mechanical prying of the needles, the fiber bundles are effectively torn apart. The air guide pipes are arranged front and back and left and right at intervals to ensure that the airflow is evenly distributed to each needle, thereby efficiently dispersing the fibers while avoiding hard impact damage to the cashmere fibers.

[0025] In this embodiment, the first loosening needle 63 includes: The first column cavity 631 is located inside the first loosening needle 63 and is connected to the channel 65. A first magnetic ring 633 is fixed on its lower inner wall. The first air inlet 632 is located on the outer wall of the first loosening needle 63 and is inclined upwards. It is connected to the first column cavity 631 and a first positioning sensor 637 is also provided on its outer opening. The upper end of the column tube 634 is fixed to the upper inner wall of the first column cavity 631, and the lower end passes through the first magnetic ring 633. The first magnetic plug sleeve 635 is sleeved on the outside of the column tube 634 and is located between the first magnetic ring 633 and the upper end of the column tube 634, and is attracted to the first magnetic ring 633. The lower end of the first composite fiber rod 636 is connected to the upper end of the first magnetic plug sleeve 635, and the upper end is placed in the first air port 632.

[0026] In this embodiment, the first loosening needle is an upwardly tilted jet structure. Compressed air enters the first column cavity through the channel, pushing the first magnetic plug sleeve to overcome the magnetic ring attraction and move upward along the column tube, causing the first composite fiber rod to extend from the first air port. At the same time, the airflow is ejected upwardly from the air port. The first positioning sensor detects the extension position of the first composite fiber rod to ensure reliable operation. When the air pressure decreases or stops, the magnetic ring attraction causes the magnetic plug sleeve to reset, and the composite fiber rod retracts, realizing the linkage between the dynamic extension and retraction of the needle body and the jet. This allows it to extend into the fiber layer for mechanical pulling when needed, while avoiding damage caused by prolonged contact with the fiber. The first composite fiber rod can be made of flexible materials, such as carbon fiber reinforced nylon, to further reduce frictional damage to cashmere.

[0027] In this embodiment, the second loosening needle 64 includes: The second column cavity 641 is located inside the second loosening needle 64 and is connected to the channel 65. A second magnetic ring 643 is fixed to its upper inner wall. The second air port 642 is located on the outer wall of the second loosening needle 64 and is inclined downwards. It is connected to the second column cavity 641, and a second positioning sensor 646 is also provided on its outer opening. The second magnetic plug sleeve 644 is disposed on the inner wall of the second cylindrical cavity 641 and located below the second magnetic ring 643, and is attracted to the second magnetic ring 643; The upper end of the second composite fiber rod 645 is connected to the lower end of the second magnetic plug sleeve 644, and the lower end is placed in the second air port 642.

[0028] In this embodiment, the second loosening needle is a downward-sloping jet structure that alternates with the first loosening needle. Its working principle is similar: after compressed air enters the second column cavity, it pushes the second magnetic plug sleeve to move downward, causing the second composite fiber rod to extend from the second air port. At the same time, the airflow is sprayed out downward at an angle. Since the first loosening needle sprays air upward and the second loosening needle sprays air downward, the two alternately generate upward and downward airflow shear forces on the fiber layer during the belt movement, causing the fiber bundle to be subjected to repeated "tearing" action, which significantly improves the dispersion efficiency. The second positioning sensor monitors the movement of the composite fiber rod. This alternating design avoids unidirectional compression of the fiber layer caused by airflow in one direction, and achieves a three-dimensional, dead-angle-free dispersion effect.

[0029] In addition, when the first loosening needle and the second loosening needle act on the fiber layer, the air supply pressure of the air guide tube 66 is supplied in a fluctuating manner, so that the first composite fiber rod in the first loosening needle is at the position of extending out of the first air port and returning to the first air port, and the second composite fiber rod in the second loosening needle is at the position of extending out of the second air port and returning to the second air port. At the same time, the air supply pressure of the jet nozzle tube 21 is also supplied in a fluctuating manner, so that the suspended fiber layer can continuously float up and down, thereby enabling the first composite fiber rod and the second composite fiber rod to act on different positions in the fiber layer to pull and impact the airflow.

[0030] In this embodiment, the feeding unit 1 includes an upper roller 11 and a lower roller 12 arranged vertically.

[0031] In other words, the feeding unit uses a pair of rollers arranged vertically. The surfaces of the upper and lower rollers can be covered with needle cloth or rubber layers. They rotate relative to each other at different speeds, pulling loose fibers out of the gap and stretching them initially to form a continuous fiber curtain with uniform width. By adjusting the gap and speed ratio of the two rollers, the thickness and output speed of the fiber curtain can be controlled. This allows the fluffy loose fibers to be compressed into a curtain-like shape of uniform thickness, providing stable input conditions for subsequent airflow dispersion.

[0032] In this embodiment, the additive application unit 3 includes: The first conveyor belt 31 has two sets arranged side by side, and a rotating shaft 33 pointing forward and backward is provided below the upper belt surface. Cams 34 that contact the conveyor belt 31 are distributed on the rotating shaft 33. The additive application box 32 is located above and below the surface of the first conveyor belt 31; The cleaning device 35 is located above and below the surface of the first conveyor belt 31.

[0033] In this embodiment, the additive application unit uses two sets of parallel first conveyor belts to form a continuous conveying platform. A rotating shaft is provided below the conveyor belt, and a cam is installed on the rotating shaft. When the cam rotates, it periodically lifts the conveyor belt, causing the conveyor belt to generate a vertical slapping motion, which drives the fiber layer to tumble. The additive application box is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the belt surface above the conveyor belt, and has built-in electrostatic spraying or ultrasonic atomizing nozzles to spray the tumbling fiber layer on both sides, ensuring that the functional finishing liquid is evenly adhered to the fiber surface. The cleaning device is located above and below the belt surface below the conveyor belt, and is used to clean the residual fibers, dust or condensate on the conveyor belt, keep the conveyor belt clean, and prevent clogging of the mesh or contamination of the fibers. This achieves synergy between tumbling conveying and double-sided spraying, improving the coverage and uniformity of the additives.

[0034] In addition, the first conveyor belt 31 adopts a three-layer composite stainless steel woven mesh, a rubber elastic layer and a stainless steel support mesh.

[0035] In this embodiment, the cleaning device 35 includes: The housing cover 351 is positioned back-to-back and close to the first conveyor belt 31; The sliding column 352 is vertically arranged and distributed in multiple directions, and a sliding seat 353 slides vertically on it. A lint roller 355 or a dehumidifying roller 356 rotates on the sliding seat 353, and the sliding seat 353 and the sliding column 352 are also connected by a spring 354.

[0036] In this embodiment, the cleaning device is covered by a housing, with multiple vertically arranged sliding columns inside. Each sliding column is equipped with a sliding seat that floats on a spring. A lint roller or a dehumidifying roller can be installed on the sliding seat. The lint roller is used to adhere the fibers and lint on the surface of the mesh belt, while the dehumidifying roller is used to absorb moisture from the surface of the mesh belt. The spring ensures that the roller always contacts the surface of the mesh belt with appropriate pressure, maintaining a close fit even if the mesh belt has slight undulations. When the mesh belt is running, the lint roller or dehumidifying roller rotates passively, continuously cleaning the mesh belt, effectively preventing mesh belt blockage and contamination, and ensuring long-term operational stability.

[0037] In this embodiment, the short-time humidification unit 4 includes a second conveyor belt 41, and a high-pressure micro-mist humidification box 42 is provided below the upper surface of the belt.

[0038] In this embodiment, the short-time wetting unit adopts an independent second conveyor belt. A high-pressure micro-mist wetting box is set below the conveyor belt. Multiple sets of high-pressure micro-mist nozzles are installed in the wetting box. The nozzles are arranged in an up-and-down or cross-shaped manner, spraying out fine water mist with a particle size of 10~30μm. When the fiber layer passes through the wetting box with the conveyor belt, the surface is uniformly replenished with a small amount of water, increasing the moisture content by 5~8%, but without forming droplets. The purpose is to provide the necessary moisture environment for subsequent saturated steam fixation, promote the penetration of functional finishing agents into the fiber interior, and avoid the high water consumption of traditional impregnation methods. The independent setting of the high-pressure micro-mist wetting box makes it easy to adjust the humidity and water volume to adapt to the process requirements of different additives.

[0039] The second conveyor belt 41 and the first conveyor belt 31 are made of the same material.

[0040] In this embodiment, the saturated vapor fixation unit 5 includes: Two sets of anchoring mesh belts 51 are arranged side by side on the left and right sides; A saturated steam box 52 is located below the upper surface of the left-side fixed mesh belt 51; The hot air drying box 53 is located below the upper surface of the right-side fixed mesh belt 51.

[0041] In this embodiment, the saturated steam fixing unit uses two sets of parallel fixing mesh belts, corresponding to saturated steam treatment and hot air drying respectively. A saturated steam box is set below the left fixing mesh belt, and saturated steam at 100~110℃ is introduced into the steam box to fix the fibers, so that the functional finishing agent can chemically or physically combine with the fibers. A hot air drying box is set below the right fixing mesh belt, and hot air at 60~90℃ is introduced to reduce the moisture content of the fibers to 12~15% to complete the final drying. The speed and temperature of the two sets of mesh belts can be controlled independently to achieve continuous connection between fixing and drying. Fixing and drying are integrated into the same unit, shortening the production line length and avoiding fiber transfer loss between different equipment.

[0042] Among them, the fixed mesh belt 51 is made of high temperature resistant Teflon mesh belt or stainless steel woven mesh belt.

[0043] In its specific implementation, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Feed loose fibers into feeding unit 1 and output loose fibers as a continuous fiber curtain. The thickness of the fiber curtain is monitored in real time by laser sensor 13. More specifically, loose fibers are fed into the feeding unit 1, where the upper roller 11 and the lower roller 12 rotate relative to each other at a differential speed, stretching the loose fibers and outputting them as a continuous fiber curtain with uniform width. At the same time, the laser sensor 13 located between the feeding unit 1 and the airflow dispersion unit 2 monitors the thickness of the fiber curtain in real time and automatically adjusts the gap or rotation speed of the upper roller 11 and the lower roller 12 to keep the thickness of the fiber curtain stable within the range of 20~30mm, providing uniform input conditions for subsequent airflow dispersion. Step 2: The fiber curtain enters the airflow dispersion unit 2, where a high-speed airflow is sprayed from the bottom upward by the jet nozzle pipe 21, impacting the fiber curtain and causing it to loosen initially. The suspension airflow pipes 22 on the left and right sides provide lateral auxiliary airflow to maintain the suspension of the fibers. The loosening device tears the fiber bundles in the fiber curtain into a fluffy fiber layer mainly composed of single fibers. More specifically, when the fiber curtain enters the airflow dispersion unit 2, a high-speed airflow, such as 0.2~0.4MPa and 20~40m / s, is first sprayed upwards from the bottom by the jet nozzle pipe 21. This impacts the fiber curtain, causing it to loosen initially. The suspension airflow pipes 22 on the left and right sides provide lateral auxiliary airflow to maintain the suspension of the fibers and prevent them from falling and accumulating. At the same time, the belt 62 of the loosening device 6 drives the alternating first loosening needles 63 and second loosening needles 64 to circulate. The air guide pipe 66 supplies air in a wave-like manner, causing the first composite fiber rod 636 of the first loosening needle 63 and the second composite fiber rod 645 of the second loosening needle 64 to extend and retract alternately, and spray airflow upwards and downwards respectively. Combined with the wave-like air supply from the jet nozzle pipe 21, the fiber layer floats up and down, thereby generating repeated mechanical pulling and airflow shearing on the fiber bundle, tearing the fiber bundle into a fluffy fiber layer mainly composed of single fibers, increasing the porosity to 85%~95%. Step 3: After the fluffy fiber layer is destaticated by the ion wind bar array 7, it enters the auxiliary agent application unit 3, where the functional finishing liquid is uniformly applied to the fiber layer. More specifically, after the fluffy fiber layer is destaticated by the ion air bar array 7, it enters the auxiliary agent application unit 3. The fiber layer is laid on the first conveyor belt 31. The rotating shaft 33 below the first conveyor belt 31 drives the cam 34 to periodically lift the belt, so that the fiber layer is turned over at a frequency of 60 to 120 times / minute. At the same time, the auxiliary agent application box 32 applies functional finishing liquids such as anti-yellowing agents and antistatic agents evenly to the turning fiber layer from above and below the first conveyor belt 31 by electrostatic spraying or ultrasonic atomization, controlling the liquid rate to be less than 30% of the dry weight of the fiber. The cleaning device 35 at the belt surface below the first conveyor belt 31 continuously cleans the surface of the belt through the lint roller 355 or the dehumidifying roller 356 to prevent residue from contaminating the fiber. Step 4: After the functional finishing liquid is applied, the fiber layer enters the short-time wetting unit 4 to be moistened, so that the fiber surface is evenly replenished with water, but without forming droplets and dripping, and the fiber remains fluffy. More specifically, after the functional finishing liquid is applied, the fiber layer enters the short-time wetting unit 4 along the second conveyor belt 41. When passing through the high-pressure micro-mist wetting box 42, high-pressure micro-mist is sprayed from the upper and lower sides in a cross pattern. For example, the working pressure is 1.0~2.0MPa and the droplet size is 10~30μm, so that the fiber surface is uniformly replenished with moisture, and the fiber moisture content increases by 5%~8%, but no droplets are formed and the fiber remains fluffy, providing the necessary moisture environment for subsequent saturated steam fixation and promoting the penetration of the finishing agent into the fiber interior. Step 5: The moistened fiber layer enters the saturated steam fixation unit 5 for steam and drying treatment, and finally outputs multifunctional finished cashmere loose fibers; More specifically, the moistened fiber layer enters the saturated steam fixation unit 5. First, the fixation mesh belt 51 on the left carries the fiber through the saturated steam box 52. It is treated in saturated steam at 100~110℃ to firmly fix the functional finishing liquid onto the fiber surface. Then, the fixation mesh belt 51 on the right carries the fiber through the hot air drying box 53. It is dried at a low temperature under hot air at 60~90℃ to reduce the fiber moisture content to 12%~15%. Finally, the multifunctional finished cashmere loose fiber is output, completing the entire semi-dry finishing process.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional device for finishing loose-fiber cashmere, characterized in that, It includes a feeding unit (1), an airflow dispersion unit (2), an additive application unit (3), a short-time wetting unit (4), and a saturated vapor fixation unit (5) arranged from left to right. The feeding unit (1) outputs loose fibers as a fiber curtain; The airflow dispersion unit (2) loosens and adjusts the fibers forming the fiber curtain to be uniform. It includes a loosening device (6) and a jet nozzle pipe (21) distributed vertically, and suspended airflow pipes (22) are distributed on the left and right sides of the jet nozzle pipe (21). A laser sensor (13) for monitoring the thickness of the fiber curtain is provided between the feeding unit (1) and the airflow dispersion unit (2). An ion bar array (7) is provided between the airflow dispersion unit (2) and the additive application unit (3).

2. The equipment for multifunctional finishing of loose-fiber cashmere according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loosening device (6) includes a conveyor wheel (61) that is oriented back and forth and spaced apart left and right. A belt (62) is fitted around the wheel. The inner surface of the belt (62) is provided with a channel (65). The outer surface of the belt (62) is provided with a first loosening needle (63) and a second loosening needle (64) that are connected to the channel (65) and are alternately distributed. A guide pipe (66) that is oriented back and forth and spaced apart left and right is placed on the channel (65) below the belt (62).

3. The equipment for multifunctional finishing of loose-fiber cashmere according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first loosening needle (63) includes: The first column cavity (631) is located inside the first loosening needle (63) and connected to the channel (65). A first magnetic ring (633) is fixed on its lower inner wall. The first air inlet (632) is located on the outer wall of the first loosening needle (63) and is inclined upwards. It is connected to the first column cavity (631) and a first positioning sensor (637) is also provided on its outer opening. The upper end of the column tube (634) is fixed to the upper inner wall of the first column cavity (631), and the lower end passes through the first magnetic ring (633). The first magnetic plug sleeve (635) is sleeved on the outside of the column tube (634) and is located between the first magnetic ring (633) and the upper end of the column tube (634), and is attracted to the first magnetic ring (633); The lower end of the first composite fiber rod (636) is connected to the upper end of the first magnetic plug sleeve (635), and the upper end of the rod is placed in the first air port (632).

4. The equipment for multifunctional finishing of loose-fiber cashmere according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second loosening needle (64) includes: The second column cavity (641) is located inside the second loosening needle (64) and connected to the channel (65). A second magnetic ring (643) is fixed on its upper inner wall. The second air inlet (642) is located on the outer wall of the second loosening needle (64) and is inclined downwards. It is connected to the second column cavity (641) and a second positioning sensor (646) is also provided on its outer opening. The second magnetic plug sleeve (644) is disposed on the inner wall of the second cylindrical cavity (641) and located below the second magnetic ring (643), and is attracted to the second magnetic ring (643); The upper end of the second composite fiber rod (645) is connected to the lower end of the second magnetic plug sleeve (644), and the lower end of the rod is placed in the second air port (642).

5. The equipment for multifunctional finishing of loose-fiber cashmere according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding unit (1) includes an upper roller (11) and a lower roller (12) arranged vertically.

6. The equipment for multifunctional finishing of loose-fiber cashmere according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjuvant application unit (3) includes: The first conveyor belt (31) has two sets arranged side by side on the left and right, and a rotating shaft (33) pointing forward and backward is provided below the upper belt surface. Cams (34) that contact the conveyor belt (31) are distributed on the rotating shaft (33). An additive application box (32) is located above and below the surface of the first conveyor belt (31); The cleaning device (35) is located above and below the surface of the first conveyor belt (31).

7. The equipment for multifunctional finishing of loose-fiber cashmere according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cleaning device (35) includes: The housing cover (351) is positioned back-to-back and close to the first conveyor belt (31); The sliding column (352) is vertically arranged and distributed in multiple directions, and a sliding seat (353) slides vertically on it. A lint roller (355) or a dehumidifying roller (356) rotates on the sliding seat (353), and the sliding seat (353) and the sliding column (352) are also connected by a spring (354).

8. The equipment for multifunctional finishing of loose-fiber cashmere according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short-time humidification unit (4) includes a second conveyor belt (41), and a high-pressure micro-mist humidification box (42) is provided below the upper surface of the belt.

9. The equipment for multifunctional finishing of loose-fiber cashmere according to claim 1, characterized in that, The saturated vapor fixation unit (5) includes: Two sets of anchoring mesh belts (51) are arranged side by side on the left and right sides; A saturated steam box (52) is located below the surface of the upper belt of the left-side fixed mesh belt (51); The hot air drying box (53) is located below the upper surface of the right-side fixed mesh belt (51).

10. A process for processing loose-fiber grade multifunctional cashmere, comprising using the equipment for processing loose-fiber grade multifunctional cashmere as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Feed the loose fibers into the feeding unit (1) and output the loose fibers as a continuous fiber curtain. The thickness of the fiber curtain is monitored in real time by the laser sensor (13). Step 2: The fiber curtain enters the airflow dispersion unit (2), and high-speed airflow is sprayed from the bottom upward by the jet nozzle pipe (21) to impact the fiber curtain and loosen it initially. The suspension airflow pipes (22) on the left and right sides provide lateral auxiliary airflow to maintain the suspension state of the fiber. The loosening device tears the fiber bundles in the fiber curtain into a fluffy fiber layer mainly composed of single fibers. Step 3: After the fluffy fiber layer is destaticated by the ion wind bar array (7), it enters the auxiliary agent application unit (3) to uniformly apply the functional finishing liquid to the fiber layer; Step 4: After the functional finishing liquid is applied, the fiber layer enters the short-time wetting unit (4) to be moistened so that the fiber surface is evenly replenished with water, but without forming droplets, and the fiber remains fluffy. Step 5: The moistened fiber layer enters the saturated steam fixation unit (5) for steam and drying treatment, and finally outputs multifunctional finished cashmere loose fibers.

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