Ball hinge type anti-beam falling device and bridge

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of bridge engineering technology, and particularly to a ball-joint type anti-falling beam device and bridge. The ball-joint type anti-falling beam device includes: an upper sleeve for embedding in the bridge beam; a ball-joint rod, including a rod body and a ball head, the ball head being located at one end of the rod body, and the other end of the rod body being embedded in the cavity of the upper sleeve and movable along the cavity of the upper sleeve; a force transmission block connected to the spherical surface of the ball head; and a limiting block for installation on the pier, the limiting block having a connecting chamber in which the force transmission block is embedded; and a movable gap between the force transmission block and the inner wall of the connecting chamber in the longitudinal and vertical directions. This invention not only reduces the installation difficulty and the probability of device failure due to fatigue damage, and reduces the probability of ball head damage and limiting block shear failure, but also reduces the rotation amplitude of the ball-joint rod relative to the force transmission block, allowing for a smaller design of the opening size of the ball socket on the force transmission block, thereby increasing the spherical contact area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge engineering technology, and in particular to a ball-joint type anti-falling beam device and a bridge. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge anti-falling beam devices are safety structures designed to prevent the superstructure of a bridge from detaching from or falling off the piers during extreme disasters such as earthquakes. They are crucial for ensuring the unobstructed flow of lifelines after an earthquake and achieving the seismic design goal of "not collapsing in a major earthquake".

[0003] Traditional anti-fall beam devices use rigid blocks to connect the beam and pier. These rigid blocks are fragile under earthquake impact and are prone to detachment, causing the anti-fall beam device to fail under high-intensity earthquake conditions and resulting in secondary damage. Chinese Patent No. CN212175456U discloses a novel shock-absorbing tenon and an elastic-plastic anti-fall beam limiting device. The tenon uses a spherical fit connection at the upper end and an insertion connection at the lower end to connect to the spherical pad and the pressure base respectively, which can improve the structural reliability to a certain extent. However, the tenon and the connecting sleeve lack effective restraint in this structure, and the lower end of the tenon is inserted into the pressure base, which makes it easy for the tenon to fall out of the connecting sleeve and difficult to adapt to the large longitudinal relative displacement between the beam and the pier in bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a ball-joint type anti-fall beam device and bridge, which aims to at least partially solve the problem mentioned in the background art that anti-fall beam devices are difficult to adapt to the large longitudinal relative displacement between the beam and the pier in bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a ball-joint type anti-falling beam device, comprising:

[0006] Upper sleeve, used for embedding in bridge beams; A ball joint rod includes a rod body and a ball head, the ball head being disposed at one end of the rod body, and the other end of the rod body being embedded in the cavity of the upper sleeve and capable of moving along the cavity of the upper sleeve; The force transmission block is connected to the spherical surface of the ball head; A limiting block is used to install on a bridge pier. The limiting block is provided with a connecting chamber, and the force transmission block is embedded in the connecting chamber. In the longitudinal direction and vertical direction, there is an movable gap between the force transmission block and the inner wall of the connecting chamber.

[0007] In some embodiments, the relationship between the diameter D of the rod body and the height Y of the cylindrical surface is as follows: , where A is a constant.

[0008] In some embodiments, a collar is slidably fitted inside the cavity of the upper sleeve, and one end of the ball joint rod away from the ball head passes through and is fixed to the collar; the upper sleeve is provided with a blocking member, which is used to prevent the collar from coming out of the cavity.

[0009] In some embodiments, the ball joint is threadedly connected to the collar.

[0010] In some embodiments, the yield strength of the collar is less than the yield strength of the rod body.

[0011] In some embodiments, a lower anchor assembly is further included, which is used to fix the limiting block to the pier.

[0012] In some embodiments, the outer side wall of the upper sleeve is provided with a plurality of protruding upper anchors.

[0013] In some embodiments, the size of the opening at the top of the connecting chamber is smaller than the size of the force transmission block.

[0014] In some embodiments, the lower part of the limiting block is provided with a protruding mounting edge, and the mounting edge is provided with a through hole; the bottom of the limiting block is open.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a bridge, including a bridge beam, a pier, and a ball-joint anti-falling beam device as described above, wherein the upper sleeve is embedded in the bottom of the beam and the limiting block is installed on the top of the pier.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The ball-joint anti-falling beam device provided by this invention connects the upper sleeve mounted on the bridge beam to the limiting block mounted on the pier with a ball-joint rod. Through the spherical fit between the ball-joint rod and the force transmission block, the bending moment between the ball-joint rod and the force transmission block can be effectively reduced or eliminated, and the ball-joint rod can maintain spherical contact with the force transmission block during bending under force, effectively alleviating stress concentration, thereby significantly improving the connection strength and reliability between the ball-joint rod and the force transmission block. The ball-joint rod can move along the cylinder cavity, allowing it to bend smoothly even when there is a large longitudinal relative displacement between the bridge beam and the pier, which is more adaptable to high-intensity earthquake conditions. At the same time, the anti-falling beam device can also better adapt to the multiple vertical relative displacements between the bridge beam and the pier, reducing fatigue damage. By embedding the ball-joint rod in the cylinder cavity and the force transmission block in the limiting block, the ball-joint rod can be effectively prevented from falling out of the upper sleeve and the limiting block, providing horizontal and vertical limiting functions for the bridge beam and the pier. The ball joint rod is connected to the force transmission block rather than directly to the limiting block. In the longitudinal and vertical directions, there is a movable gap between the force transmission block and the inner wall of the connecting chamber. This not only allows the force transmission block to move relative to the limiting block in the longitudinal and vertical directions, but also allows the force transmission block to rotate relative to the limiting block in a vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal direction. This not only reduces the installation difficulty and the probability of device failure due to fatigue damage, but also reduces the probability of ball head damage and limiting block shear failure. It also reduces the rotation amplitude of the ball joint rod relative to the force transmission block, allowing the opening size of the ball socket on the force transmission block to be designed to be smaller, thereby increasing the spherical contact area. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ball-joint anti-fall beam device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ball joint rod described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (transverse direction) of the ball-joint anti-fall beam device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (longitudinal direction) of the ball-joint anti-fall beam device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a top view of the force transmission block and the limiting block described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outer contour of the ball joint rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the force transmission block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8This is a top view of the force transmission block described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the force transmission block described in an embodiment of the present invention under high-intensity earthquake conditions.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the force transmission block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the ball joint rod and force transmission block subjected to force and bending according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Marked in the image: 1-Upper sleeve; 11-Cylinder cavity; 12-Blocking component; 13-Upper anchorage; 2-Spherical hinge rod; 21-Stick body; 22-Ball head; 3-Force transmission block; 4-Limit block; 41-Connecting chamber; 42-Mounting edge; 5-Loop; 6-Anchorage assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer," etc., used in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention to indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.

[0032] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0033] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0034] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to connection methods commonly used in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0035] Traditional anti-fall beam devices use rigid blocks to connect the beam and pier. These rigid blocks are fragile under earthquake impact and are prone to detachment, leading to structural failure under high-intensity earthquake conditions and causing secondary damage. For example, Chinese patent CN118390381A mainly uses the bending deformation of symmetrical steel tenons to limit and dissipate energy. In this structure, the steel tenons lack vertical tensile strength, and once they break in an earthquake, they will slip and cause secondary damage. The upper and lower force contacts of the steel tenons are all line contacts, which can easily lead to stress concentration and damage to adjacent structures. Some bridges use dampers that integrate limiting and energy dissipation, but these dampers are expensive, difficult to maintain, and uneconomical.

[0036] Chinese patent CN212175456U discloses a novel shock-absorbing tenon and an elastic-plastic anti-falling beam limiting device. The tenon body adopts an upper spherical fit connection and a lower insertion method to connect to the spherical pad and the pressure base respectively, which can improve the structural reliability to a certain extent. However, in this structure, there is no effective constraint between the tenon body and the connecting sleeve, and the lower end of the tenon body is inserted into the pressure base, which makes it easy for the tenon body to fall out of the connecting sleeve and difficult to adapt to the large longitudinal relative displacement between the beam and the pier in bridges in high-intensity earthquake zones.

[0037] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] The first aspect of the present invention provides a ball-joint type anti-fall beam device for installation between a bridge beam and a pier, which serves to prevent the bridge beam from falling off under earthquake action.

[0039] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The ball-joint anti-fall beam device includes an upper sleeve 1, a ball-joint rod 2, a force transmission block 3, and a limiting block 4. The upper sleeve 1 is used to be embedded in the bridge beam, and the limiting block 4 is used to be installed on the bridge pier. The ball-joint rod 2 includes a rod body 21 and a ball head 22 connected to each other. The ball head 22 is located at one end of the rod body 21, and the other end of the rod body 21 extends into the cavity 11 of the upper sleeve 1 and can move along the cavity 11 of the upper sleeve 1. The force transmission block 3 is connected to the ball head 22 through a spherical fit. The force transmission block 3 is embedded in the limiting block 4.

[0040] The upper sleeve 1 can be a cylindrical component, and the cross-sectional shape can be circular, rectangular, etc. In this embodiment, it is preferably circular; the upper sleeve 1 has a cylindrical cavity 11 inside, and the cylindrical cavity 11 can be inserted into the ball joint rod 2.

[0041] Optionally, the limiting block 4 is provided with a connecting chamber 41, and the force transmission block 3 is embedded in the connecting chamber 41. Here, "embedded" means that most or all of the force transmission block 3 is located in the connecting chamber 41, and under normal operating conditions, the force transmission block 3 will not come out of the connecting chamber 41, thus indirectly connecting the force transmission block 3 to the bridge pier. In another optional embodiment, the force transmission block 3 and the limiting block 4 can move relative to each other, that is, the force transmission block 3 is not completely locked to the limiting block 4, and it can move within a small range in the connecting chamber 41. By giving the force transmission block 3 the ability to move within a small range, the ball hinge anti-falling beam device can better adapt to the relative displacement between the bridge beam and the bridge pier that occurs simultaneously in the vertical and horizontal directions. It can also better adapt to the reciprocating small displacement between the bridge beam and the bridge pier under normal operating conditions, greatly reducing the probability of premature failure of the device due to fatigue damage.

[0042] To prevent the force transmission block 3 from vertically detaching from the connecting chamber 41, the size of the top opening of the connecting chamber 41 can be designed to be smaller than the size of the force transmission block 3. For example, combined with Figure 3 The upper part of the limiting block 4 is provided with a stop block protruding from the side wall of the connecting chamber 41, which restricts the vertical displacement of the force transmission block 3; the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the force transmission block 3 is shown below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0043] Under installation or normal use conditions, the upper sleeve 1 has a vertically extending cylindrical cavity 11. The ball joint rod 2 is vertically arranged with its upper end extending into the cylindrical cavity 11 of the upper sleeve 1, and its lower end is spherically engaged with the force transmission block 3. The spherical engagement connection refers to a connection method in which two complementary spherical structures fit together. One of these complementary spherical structures has a convex spherical surface, and the other has a concave spherical surface. By embedding the convex spherical surface into the concave spherical surface, the component with the convex spherical surface can be connected to the component with the concave spherical surface. This connection restricts the relative movement between the two components but allows relative rotation in three directions. This can reduce or eliminate the bending moment between the ball joint rod 2 and the force transmission block 3, and enable the ball joint rod 2 to maintain contact with the spherical surface of the force transmission block 3 during bending under force. The two have a relatively large contact area, which effectively alleviates stress concentration, thereby greatly improving the connection strength and reliability between the ball joint rod 2 and the force transmission block 3.

[0044] Under high-intensity earthquake conditions, a large relative displacement will occur between the bridge beam and the pier. To accommodate this relative displacement, the ball joint rod 2 will bend and deform, combined with... Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 Since the lower end of the ball joint 2 and the force transmission block 3 are in spherical fit, rotation is relatively easy, resulting in the lower end of the ball joint 2 having a large tilt angle relative to the pier, while the upper end of the ball joint 2 remains in an approximately vertical state.

[0045] The upper end of the ball joint rod 2 is configured to move vertically along the cavity 11. This not only better accommodates the vertical relative displacement between the bridge beam and the pier under normal operating conditions, reducing fatigue damage, but also provides sufficient vertical displacement freedom for the ball joint rod 2 under high-intensity earthquake conditions. That is, when the ball joint rod 2 bends, its upper end can easily move downward relative to the cavity 11, allowing for smooth bending deformation while maintaining the vertical distance between the bridge beam and the pier. Furthermore, by embedding the upper end of the ball joint rod 2 into the cavity 11 of the upper sleeve 1, the upper end of the ball joint rod 2 can be prevented from detaching from the upper sleeve 1, thus limiting the maximum vertical relative displacement between the bridge beam and the pier. Through vertical limiting, the probability of the bridge beam slipping vertically is significantly reduced.

[0046] To achieve a spherical fit connection, one end of the ball joint rod 2 is provided with a ball head 22, and the force transmission block 3 is provided with a ball socket, which is then combined. Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The ball head 22 is embedded in the ball socket.

[0047] Embedding refers to the upper sleeve 1 being partially or entirely located within the bridge beam body, and the upper sleeve 1 being rigidly connected to the bridge beam body. By embedding, the upper sleeve 1 is stably combined with the bridge beam body. Furthermore, the upper sleeve 1 is connected to the force transmission block 3 through the ball joint 2. The force transmission block 3 is embedded in the limiting block 4 connected to the pier, which can play a vertical and horizontal limiting role for the bridge beam body and the pier, greatly reducing the probability of the bridge beam body detaching from the pier.

[0048] In some embodiments, a movable gap is provided between the force transmission block 3 and the inner wall of the connecting chamber 41 in the longitudinal and vertical directions.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the lower end of the ball joint rod 2 is connected to the spherical surface of the force transmission block 3, rather than to the spherical surface of the limiting block 4 installed on the pier. A movable gap is provided between the force transmission block 3 and the inner wall of the connecting chamber 41 in both the longitudinal and vertical directions. This not only reduces the installation difficulty and the probability of the ball joint anti-fall beam device failing due to fatigue damage, but also improves the stress state of the ball joint rod 2 and the limiting block 4 under complex displacements in seismic conditions, reducing the probability of damage to the ball head 22 and shear failure of the limiting block 4.

[0050] The probability of failure due to fatigue damage is reduced by allowing the force transmission block 3 to undergo certain vertical and horizontal displacement relative to the limiting block 4, which can better adapt to the small reciprocating displacement between the bridge beam and the pier under normal operating conditions.

[0051] By setting movable gaps in the longitudinal and vertical directions, the force transmission block 3 is not only allowed to move relative to the limiting block 4 in the longitudinal and vertical directions, but also allowed to rotate relative to the limiting block 4. Through relative rotation, the magnitude and position of the relative force between the force transmission block 3 and the limiting block 4 can dynamically change with the displacement of the bridge beam relative to the pier. Compared with not setting the force transmission block 3 or locking the force transmission block 3 to the limiting block 4, the probability of damage to each component can be greatly reduced and the reliability of the device can be improved.

[0052] Specifically, under high-intensity earthquake action, the lower end of the ball joint rod 2 will exert a large horizontal and vertical force on the force transmission block 3. Among them, the horizontal force has a relatively large component in the longitudinal direction of the bridge and a relatively small component in the transverse direction of the bridge, causing the ball joint rod 2 to bend along the longitudinal direction of the bridge. Due to the longitudinal and vertical movement gaps, the force transmission block 3 tilts in the bending direction of the ball joint rod 2. At this time, the upper side of the force transmission block 3 contacts the stop block on the upper part of the limiting block 4, and the lower side contacts the bottom surface, pad, or pier of the limiting block 4. The stop block on the limiting block 4 applies a downward vertical force to the force transmission block 3, and the bottom surface, pad, or pier of the limiting block 4 applies an upward vertical force to the force transmission block 3. 3 also contacts the inner wall of the connecting chamber 41 along the longitudinal direction of the bridge. This inner wall applies a horizontal force to the force transmission block 3. Correspondingly, the limiting block 4 is subjected to the reaction force applied by the force transmission block 3. Due to the presence of the vertical force, there is a horizontal static friction between the stop block and the force transmission block 3. There is also a horizontal static friction between the bottom surface of the limiting block 4, the pad, or the pier and the force transmission block 3. These two parts of horizontal static friction, together with the horizontal reaction force applied to the force transmission block 3 by the inner wall of the connecting chamber 41, resist the horizontal force applied to the force transmission block 3 by the ball joint rod 2. In this way, the maximum stress on the limiting block 4 can be greatly reduced, and the probability of horizontal shear failure of the limiting block 4 can be reduced. Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 In the equation, F1 is the downward vertical force exerted by the stop block on the force transmission block 3, F2 is the upward vertical force exerted by the bottom surface of the limiting block 4, the pad, or the pier on the force transmission block 3, F3 is the horizontal force exerted by the inner wall on the force transmission block 3, f1 is the static friction force on the upper part of the force transmission block 3, and f2 is the static friction force on the lower part of the force transmission block 3. Figure 9 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the AA section.

[0053] Moreover, the inclination of the force transmission block 3 toward the bending direction of the ball joint rod 2 can reduce the rotation amplitude of the ball joint rod 2 relative to the force transmission block 3. The reduction in rotation amplitude means that the size of the opening of the rod body 21 extending from the ball socket on the force transmission block 3 can be designed to be smaller, which is beneficial to increase the contact area between the ball head 22 and the ball socket, enabling the ball head 22 to withstand greater horizontal force and reducing the probability of the ball head 22 being crushed.

[0054] In the above embodiments, combined with Figures 3 to 5The opening at the top of the connecting chamber 41 in the transverse direction can be designed to be smaller than the size of the force transmission block 3 in the transverse direction to prevent the force transmission block 3 from detaching from the connecting chamber 41. At the same time, the opening at the top of the connecting chamber 41 in the longitudinal direction can be designed to be larger than the size of the force transmission block 3 in the longitudinal direction to increase the range of motion of the ball joint 2 and allow the lower end of the ball joint 2 to have a larger tilt angle. Figure 5 The dashed line in the middle represents the part of force transmission block 3 that is obscured.

[0055] Optionally, combined Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 In force transmission block 3, the opening size of the socket is smaller than the diameter of the socket. That is, the socket is not hemispherical, but rather a frustum shape with a small piece cut off on one or both sides. This increases the contact area between the socket and the ball head 22, alleviates stress concentration, and prevents the ball head 22 from coming out of the socket, allowing the ball head 22 and force transmission block 3 to fit together tightly. Figure 8 The dashed line in the middle represents the outer contour of the largest cross section of the ball socket.

[0056] The statement above, that the lower side of the force transmission block 3 contacts the bottom surface of the limiting block 4, the pad, or the pier, means that the lower side of the force transmission block 3 contacts the bottom surface of the limiting block 4, the pad, or the pier in different scenarios, not that the lower side of the force transmission block 3 can contact the bottom surface of the limiting block 4, the pad, or the pier in the same scenario. That is, the structural form of the limiting block 4 can be different in different scenarios. In one option, the limiting block 4 has a bottom surface adjacent to the connecting chamber 41, in which case the lower side of the force transmission block 3 can contact the bottom surface of the limiting block 4. In another option, the bottom of the limiting block 4 is open, and a pad can be set below the limiting block 4, or it can be directly installed on the pier. If a pad is set, the lower side of the force transmission block 3 can contact the pad; if it is directly installed on the pier, the lower side of the force transmission block 3 can contact the pier.

[0057] By setting the bottom of the limiting block 4 as an open opening, rainwater flowing into the connecting chamber 41 can be quickly discharged, preventing water accumulation from affecting the structural lifespan.

[0058] The width of the longitudinal movement gap can be determined based on the allowable longitudinal displacement of the bridge beam relative to the pier, for example, it can be 20mm to 100mm. The width of the vertical movement gap can be determined based on factors such as the vertical dimensions of the cavity 11, the allowable vertical displacement of the bridge beam relative to the pier, and the vertical rotation angle of the lower end of the ball joint rod 2, for example, it can be 8mm to 50mm.

[0059] In one alternative embodiment, in the transverse direction, there is no movable gap between the force transmission block 3 and the inner wall of the connecting chamber 41. A small gap can be provided between them. The function of this small gap is to reduce the friction between the force transmission block 3 and the inner wall of the connecting chamber 41, so as to realize the rotation of the force transmission block 3 relative to the limiting block 4, as well as the movement along the vertical and longitudinal directions of the bridge.

[0060] Setting the upper sleeve 1 on the bridge beam and the force transmission block 3 and the limiting block 4 on the pier not only helps to reduce the difficulty of installation, but also allows the force transmission block 3 to remain at the lower part of the connecting chamber 41 under normal working conditions, which facilitates displacement along the bridge direction and / or vertically in the event of a high-intensity earthquake, and also facilitates rotation, thereby realizing its function.

[0061] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 6 The relationship between the diameter D of the rod body 21 and the height Y of the cylindrical surface is configured as follows: A is a constant, which causes the rod body 21 to undergo constant curvature bending under high-intensity earthquake conditions, thereby improving the material utilization rate of the rod body 21.

[0062] In the above formula, the 0 position of the cylindrical height Y is the point of application of the horizontal resultant force exerted by the ball head 22 on the rod body 21, which can be approximated as the center of the ball head 22, with upward as the positive direction; the position where the rod body 21 connects with the ball head 22 is above the 0 position point, that is, the diameter of the rod body 21 at this height is greater than 0. As the cylindrical height Y increases, the diameter D of the rod body 21 also gradually increases, and the side of the rod body 21 exhibits a circular curved surface; the constant A can be determined according to the seismic fortification intensity of the bridge. The greater the seismic fortification intensity, the greater the value of the constant A.

[0063] The principle of the above structure is as follows: Based on the constraint relationship between the ball joint rod 2, the upper sleeve 1, the force transmission block 3, and the limiting block 4, and considering that its lower end tilts significantly and its upper end is approximately vertical during deformation, the rod body 21 can be simplified into a cantilever structure with a fixed upper end and a free lower end. The free end of this cantilever structure is subjected to a concentrated horizontal force, from which the bending moment at any height of the rod body 21 can be obtained as follows: F is the resultant horizontal force exerted by the ball head 22 on the rod body 21; the section modulus of the rod body 21 at any height is: From the above two equations, the bending stress at any height of the rod body 21 can be obtained as follows: From this equation, it can be seen that the bending stress at any height of the rod body 21 is only related to the horizontal resultant force F and is independent of the height Y. The rod body 21 is designed with equal strength and undergoes equal curvature bending.

[0064] Combination Figure 11 , Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the ball joint rod and the force transmission block under force and bending is shown.

[0065] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The upper sleeve 1 has a collar 5 that slides inside the cavity 11. The end of the ball joint 2 away from the ball head 22 passes through and is fixed to the collar 5. The upper sleeve 1 is provided with a blocking member 12, which is used to prevent the collar 5 from coming out of the cavity 11, thereby preventing the upper end of the ball joint 2 from coming out of the cavity 11.

[0066] For example, the blocking member 12 can be a ring fixedly installed at the lower opening of the upper sleeve 1. The ring protrudes from the inner wall of the cylinder cavity 11 to prevent the collar 5 from falling out of the cylinder cavity 11. The size of the middle opening of the ring is larger than the size of the ball joint 2, allowing the ball joint 2 to pass through.

[0067] In one alternative embodiment, during installation, the collar 5 is installed on the upper part of the cylinder cavity 11 so that the ball joint rod 2 can move downward relative to the upper sleeve 1 by a greater distance than the ball joint rod 2 can move upward relative to the upper sleeve 1, so that the ball joint rod 2 has sufficient vertical dimensions when it bends and deforms.

[0068] Optionally, the yield strength of the collar 5 is less than the yield strength of the rod body 21; thus serving to protect the main structural components from damage.

[0069] Optionally, the ball joint 2 is threaded to the collar 5; this can serve as an additive manufacturing process, greatly reducing the raw material cost of the ball joint 2.

[0070] In some embodiments, the outer side wall of the upper sleeve 1 is provided with a plurality of protruding upper anchors 13.

[0071] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The upper anchor is a column-shaped component that is embedded in concrete. One end of the upper anchor can be fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper sleeve 1, and the other end extends outward. By setting the upper anchor 13, the anchoring effect between the upper sleeve 1 and the beam can be strengthened. Several upper anchors 13 can be evenly distributed on the outer wall of the upper sleeve 1.

[0072] In some embodiments, the limiting block 4 is fixedly installed on the pier by the lower anchor assembly 6.

[0073] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The lower anchorage assembly 6 may include several lower anchorages and lower anchorage bolts. The structure of the lower anchorage may be similar to that of the upper anchorage, and it is used to partially or completely embed in the concrete of the pier. The lower anchorage bolts are used to connect the limiting block 4 to the lower anchorage. Several annular grooves may be provided on the outer wall of the lower anchorage to increase the anchorage strength with the concrete.

[0074] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The lower part of the limiting block 4 is provided with an outwardly protruding mounting edge 42, and the mounting edge 42 is provided with a through hole for the lower anchor bolt to pass through, so as to fix the limiting block 4 to the lower anchor.

[0075] The ball-joint anti-fall beam device described in this embodiment can be made of metal materials such as steel.

[0076] The ball-joint anti-falling beam device described in this embodiment has a relatively low cost and can simultaneously meet the requirements for anti-falling beams and economic efficiency in high-intensity earthquake conditions.

[0077] A second aspect of the present invention provides a bridge, including a bridge beam, piers, and a ball-joint anti-falling beam device as described above.

[0078] Optionally, the upper sleeve 1 is embedded in the bottom of the beam, and the limiting block 4 is installed on the top of the pier.

[0079] The bridge described in this embodiment, by using the ball-joint anti-falling beam device as described above, can maintain the structural and positional stability of the bridge beam under high-intensity earthquake conditions, reducing the probability of the bridge beam falling off.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ball-joint type anti-fall beam device, characterized in that, include: Upper sleeve (1) is used to be embedded in the bridge beam; The ball joint rod (2) includes a rod body (21) and a ball head (22). The ball head (22) is located at one end of the rod body (21), and the other end of the rod body (21) is embedded in the cavity (11) of the upper sleeve (1) and can move along the cavity (11). The force transmission block (3) is connected to the spherical surface of the ball head (22); A limiting block (4) is used to install on the bridge pier. The limiting block (4) is provided with a connecting chamber (41). The force transmission block (3) is embedded in the connecting chamber (41). In the longitudinal direction and vertical direction, there is an movable gap between the force transmission block (3) and the inner wall of the connecting chamber (41).

2. The ball-joint type anti-fall beam device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relationship between the diameter D of the rod body (21) and the height Y of the cylindrical surface is as follows: , where A is a constant.

3. The ball-joint type anti-fall beam device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A collar (5) is slidably fitted inside the cylindrical cavity (11), and the end of the ball joint (2) away from the ball head (22) is inserted and fixed to the collar (5); the upper sleeve (1) is provided with a blocking member (12), which is used to prevent the collar (5) from coming out of the cylindrical cavity (11).

4. The ball-joint type anti-fall beam device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ball joint (2) is threadedly connected to the collar (5).

5. The ball-joint type anti-fall beam device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The yield strength of the collar (5) is less than the yield strength of the rod body (21).

6. The ball-joint type anti-fall beam device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a lower anchor assembly (6), which is used to fix the limiting block (4) to the pier.

7. The ball-joint type anti-fall beam device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the upper sleeve (1) is provided with several protruding upper anchors (13).

8. The ball-joint type anti-fall beam device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The size of the opening at the top of the connecting chamber (41) is smaller than the size of the force transmission block (3).

9. The ball-joint type anti-fall beam device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The lower part of the limiting block (4) is provided with an outwardly protruding mounting edge (42), and the mounting edge (42) is provided with a through hole; the bottom of the limiting block (4) is open.

10. A bridge, characterized in that, The device includes a bridge beam, a pier, and a ball-joint anti-falling beam device as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the upper sleeve (1) is embedded in the bottom of the beam and the limiting block (4) is installed on the top of the pier.

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