Electrically driven convenient assembly type form adjustable broken line shape arch and assembling lifting method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electric drive convenient assembly form adjustable fold line shape arch and assembling lifting method.Fold line shape arch includes stress skeleton, multiple telescopic parts, support assembly and intelligent control component.Stress skeleton includes multiple sequentially connected standard arch sections.Each standard arch section has upper connecting hole and lower connecting hole on both sides.The lower end of adjacent standard arch section is hinged by lower connecting hole.Each telescopic part is arranged between two adjacent standard arch sections.Both ends of each telescopic part are hinged with the upper end of corresponding standard arch section.The support assembly includes left support and right support.The left lower connecting hole of fold line shape arch is hinged with left support, and the right lower connecting hole of fold line shape arch is hinged with right support.The intelligent control component is electrically connected with multiple telescopic parts.The intelligent control component is used to control the telescopic length of telescopic part to adjust the form of fold line shape arch, so that the form of fold line shape arch is actively controllable, and the adaptability and functionality are strong.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a large-span prefabricated spatial structure, and in particular to an electrically driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame and its assembly and lifting method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of construction engineering, there is an increasing demand for flexible deployment, rapid construction, and multi-scenario adaptability of large-span spatial structures in scenarios such as temporary sheds, transformer equipment valve halls, and warehouses. Existing large-span spatial structures mainly include steel structure shells, space frames, and portal steel frames. Although these structures have a certain load-bearing capacity, they have many drawbacks: a wide variety of components, making transportation and on-site management difficult; heavy structural weight, requiring heavy on-site construction with large hoisting equipment, resulting in long construction cycles, high manpower input, and poor adaptability to construction in high-altitude, extreme environments, and unexpected scenarios; and fixed structural form, making it impossible to flexibly adjust according to changes in usage scenarios and external environments, resulting in low adaptability.

[0003] To address the flexibility issue, some foldable or unfoldable spatial structures have emerged in existing technologies. However, these structures generally suffer from small spans, limited load-bearing capacity, low automation, and require significant manual operation, making intelligent form control difficult. Furthermore, existing large-span structures are all passive load-bearing structures, unable to dynamically adjust their stress state according to environmental loads, lacking sufficient safety reserves under extreme weather conditions, and exhibiting low material utilization.

[0004] In summary, existing large-span spatial structures cannot meet the demands of modern architectural engineering for rapid response, intelligent control, lightweight assembly, and multi-scenario adaptability, thus restricting the application expansion of large-span spatial structures in various scenarios. Therefore, developing a lightweight, fast-assembly, reusable, and actively controllable intelligent large-span spatial structure has become an urgent need in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an electrically driven, convenient, prefabricated, adjustable polygonal arch frame and its assembly and lifting method. It integrates intelligent control and modular design concepts, enabling rapid ground assembly and electrically driven self-lifting of large-span arch frame structures. Furthermore, it can dynamically adjust the shape according to environmental loads and usage requirements, solving the problems of low construction efficiency, fixed and unadjustable shape, insufficient automation, and poor adaptability to extreme environments in existing structures.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows: Firstly, an electrically driven, easily assembled, and adjustable polygonal arch frame is provided, comprising a load-bearing frame, multiple telescopic members, a support assembly, and an intelligent control assembly. The load-bearing frame includes multiple standard arch segments connected sequentially. Each standard arch segment has upper and lower connecting holes on both sides. The lower ends of adjacent standard arch segments are hinged through the lower connecting holes. Each telescopic member is positioned between two adjacent standard arch segments. Both ends of each telescopic member are hinged to the upper connecting holes at the upper ends of the corresponding standard arch segment. The load-bearing frame forms a polygonal arch frame by adjusting the telescopic lengths of the multiple telescopic members to control the included angle between corresponding adjacent standard arch segments. The support assembly includes a left support and a right support. The lower connecting hole on the left side of the polygonal arch frame is hinged to the left support, and the lower connecting hole on the right side of the polygonal arch frame is hinged to the right support. The intelligent control assembly is electrically connected to the multiple telescopic members. The intelligent control assembly is used to control the telescopic lengths of the telescopic members to adjust the shape of the polygonal arch frame.

[0007] In one embodiment, each standard arch segment includes an upper chord, a lower chord, and multiple web members. The upper chord and the lower chord are arranged in parallel, and the multiple web members are detachably connected between the upper chord and the lower chord through prefabricated connectors. Ear plates are respectively provided at both ends of the upper chord and the lower chord.

[0008] In one embodiment, the prefabricated connector includes a clamp plate with pre-drilled bolt holes, bolts, and connecting rods. The clamp plate fits against the connection position between the upper chord or lower chord and the web member. The flanges of the upper chord and lower chord have connecting holes with a diameter equal to the diameter of the matching pin bolt plus 1.0~2.0 mm. The bolts pass through the bolt holes to fix the clamp plate, upper chord or lower chord, and web member. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to adjacent clamp plates or ear plates to maintain the relative angle between the members.

[0009] In one embodiment, the intelligent control component includes a sensing module, a control module, and an execution module. The sensing module is signal-connected to the control module, the control module is electrically connected to the execution module, and the execution module is transmission-connected to the telescopic component. The sensing module is used to collect mechanical property data of the arch structure and external environmental data, and transmit the data to the control module. The control module is used to receive and analyze the data collected by the sensing module, generate control commands, and send them to the execution module. The execution module is used to receive the control commands and drive the telescopic component to complete the telescopic movement.

[0010] In one embodiment, the sensing module includes structural sensors and environmental sensors. The structural sensors are attached to the standard arch section and / or expansion joint, and include at least one of strain gauges, accelerometers, displacement sensors, and pressure sensors. The environmental sensors are mounted on the outside of the arch structure, and include at least one of anemometers, thermo-hygrometers, and snow depth gauges. The control module is an integrated electronic control box with a built-in dual MCU+FPGA redundant architecture and a digital twin model. The digital twin model can update the stiffness matrix and geometric nonlinear matrix online based on the data collected by the sensing module. The integrated electronic control box is also equipped with a human-machine interface, supporting manual adjustment and switching between automatic operation modes.

[0011] Secondly, a method for assembling and lifting an electrically driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame, as described in any of the first aspects, is provided. This method includes the following steps: leveling the construction site; installing the left and right supports according to the designed position of the polygonal arch frame, and reserving horizontal sliding space for the load-bearing frame during bending at the right support; hinged connecting the lower left connecting hole of the load-bearing frame to the left support, and installing an auxiliary sliding component at the lower right connecting hole of the load-bearing frame, so that the load-bearing frame is placed flat on the ground; controlling multiple telescopic components to synchronously extend and retract through an intelligent control component, causing the load-bearing frame to slowly rise from the ground, while the right side of the load-bearing frame moves to the left along the horizontal sliding space via the auxiliary sliding component until the load-bearing frame reaches the designed polygonal arch frame shape; removing the auxiliary sliding component, hinged connecting the lower right connecting hole of the polygonal arch frame to the right support, and locking the stroke of all telescopic components to complete the assembly and lifting of the polygonal arch frame.

[0012] In one embodiment, during the lifting process, the mechanical behavior data of the structure is collected in real time by the sensing module and transmitted to the control module. The control module receives and analyzes the collected data from the sensing module, generates control commands and sends them to the execution module. The execution module receives the control commands and drives the extension and retraction of each telescopic component to ensure the stability of the lifting process.

[0013] In one embodiment, the intelligent control component executes an environment-strain dual closed-loop active control process, including the following steps: (a) The system performs a power-on self-test, conducting a full-channel inspection of the sensing module, expansion joints, and communication bus; (b) The sensing module collects the current environmental parameter vector and structural response vector and transmits them to the control module; (c) The control module calculates the real-time internal force distribution of the arch structure using an online-updated digital twin model; (d) The control module calls a pre-set environment-load mapping library to obtain the equivalent static load based on the environmental parameter vector; (e) The control module uses the minimum strain energy as the objective function and material strength and overall stability as constraints to solve for the optimal form vector of the arch structure and convert it into the target stroke of each expansion joint; (f) The execution module drives each expansion joint to track the target stroke through a parallel PID closed-loop to achieve active form adjustment; (g) If the measured strain or wind speed collected by the sensing module exceeds a preset threshold, the control module immediately triggers an emergency form adjustment strategy and uploads alarm information, returning to step (a) for repeated execution after 30 seconds.

[0014] In one embodiment, Based on a pre-set environment-load mapping library, the equivalent static load is obtained from the environmental parameter vector. If the measured strain or wind speed collected by the sensing module exceeds a preset threshold, or the snowfall exceeds a preset threshold, the control module immediately triggers an emergency morphological adjustment strategy; or When the measured strain of any standard arch segment enters the range of 0.6εy,T to 0.8εy,T; The intelligent control component initiates a local fine-tuning law, making stroke adjustments of ≤±1mm only to the two adjacent expansion joints of the corresponding standard arch segment, so that the bending moment of that segment decreases by ≥5%. After each fine-tuning, a preset time is waited. If the strain attenuation rate is ≥1µε / s, the fine-tuning is confirmed to be effective. If multiple consecutive fine-tunings still cannot curb the strain growth, a structural fatigue warning is reported.

[0015] In one embodiment, the intelligent control component has a built-in power failure / failure safety strategy. When a communication interruption or a failure of the main controller of the control module is detected, it immediately switches to constant pressure conformal mode, locks the current stroke of all telescopic components, and triggers an audible and visual alarm. When a step difference of ≥2mm is detected in the telescopic components, a hardware emergency stop is executed, triggering the hydraulic control check valve to lock the oil circuit or the motor to de-energize and brake, to prevent sudden changes in the shape of the arch structure.

[0016] The advantages of this application compared to the prior art are as follows: 1. The load-bearing frame of this application adopts a modular design, which has high transportation and assembly efficiency: The load-bearing frame is composed of multiple standard arch segments connected in sequence. The standard arch segments are lightweight and can be directly carried by 2 to 4 people, which greatly reduces the number of parts and improves transportation efficiency. Each standard arch segment can be quickly assembled on the ground through prefabricated connecting parts such as pins, clamps, and bolts, without the need for complicated on-site processing, which greatly improves the assembly efficiency. In addition, the standard arch segments can be flexibly combined from the standard library to adapt to different span and height requirements, and have strong versatility.

[0017] 2. The load-bearing frame of this application can be electrically driven to lift itself, realizing construction without engineering mechanization: through the linkage of intelligent control components to drive the telescopic parts, the arch frame structure can be automatically lifted and formed after ground assembly, which subverts the traditional construction mode of large-span structures that rely on heavy hoisting equipment. No temporary support is required, which reduces the construction threshold and cost, and is especially suitable for rapid construction in high altitude, extreme environment and emergency scenarios.

[0018] 3. The zigzag arch frame shape of this application is actively controllable and highly adaptable and functional: This application controls the expansion and contraction of the expansion joints through intelligent control components, which can flexibly adjust the included angle, rise and span of the arch frame structure. It can not only adapt to the spatial requirements of different usage scenarios, but also change the curve shape according to the architectural aesthetic requirements, realizing multiple uses of one structure. At the same time, it can dynamically adjust the structural shape according to changes in the external environment, improving the structure's adaptability to extreme climate environments.

[0019] 4. The intelligent control component of this application performs environment-strain dual closed-loop intelligent control to achieve online active optimization of structural performance: This application integrates sensing, control, and execution modules to construct an environment-strain dual closed-loop active control system. Through a digital twin model, it accurately simulates the stress state of the structure and achieves real-time optimization of the structural form with the goal of minimizing strain energy. This transforms the structure from passive load-bearing to active optimization, effectively offsetting adverse load effects such as snow load and wind load, obtaining higher safety reserves with the same amount of material, and improving material utilization.

[0020] 5. The control module of this application features redundant design and failure safety strategy, resulting in high structural safety: The control module adopts a dual MCU + FPGA redundant architecture. Both the sensing module and the execution module have multiple monitoring and control capabilities, and have built-in power failure / failure safety strategy. In the event of communication interruption, controller failure, or loss of synchronization of telescopic components, it can perform operations such as shape preservation and emergency stop to prevent sudden changes in structural form and ensure the safety of the structure during construction and use.

[0021] 6. The zigzag arch frame of this application is reusable, economical and environmentally friendly: the zigzag arch frame adopts all detachable assembly nodes, which can be quickly dismantled and transported after use and reused in different projects, reducing the generation of construction waste and lowering the total life cycle cost, which is in line with the concept of green building; at the same time, the aluminum alloy material is corrosion resistant and has a long service life, which further improves the economic efficiency of the structure.

[0022] 7. The zigzag arch frame of this application has a high degree of intelligence and informatization: This application integrates a variety of sensors and intelligent control modules, and has an intelligent closed loop of "perception-decision-adjustment". The online update of the digital twin model realizes the digital management of the structure, which lays the foundation for the digital twin and full life cycle intelligent management of building structures, and is in line with the intelligent development trend of modern buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a diagram of the sensing, control, and execution architecture of an electrically driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame according to one embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a standard arch segment according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between two adjacent standard arch segments according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial connection structure between two adjacent standard arch segments according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic member controlling the included angle between adjacent standard arch segments according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of an electric-driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame assembly and lifting method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing frame of one embodiment of this application installed on the construction site; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the electric drive lifting process of the force-bearing skeleton according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a polygonal arch frame installed on a support assembly according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the intelligent control component execution environment-strain dual closed-loop active control according to one embodiment of this application.

[0024] The following explanation is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: 1: Electric-driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame; 2: Load-bearing skeleton; 21: Standard arch segment; 211: Upper chord; 212: Lower chord; 213: Web member; 214: Ear plate; 201: Upper connecting hole; 202: Lower connecting hole; 3: Expansion joint; 4: Support assembly; 41: Left support; 42: Right support; 5: Intelligent control assembly; 51: Sensing module; 511: Structural sensor; 512: Environmental sensor; 52: Control module; 53: Execution module; A: Construction site. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a diagram of the sensing, control, and execution architecture of an electrically driven, easily assembled, and adjustable polygonal arch frame according to one embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a standard arch segment. As shown in the figure, the electrically driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame 1 of this embodiment is mainly used in scenarios where there is a need for flexible deployment of large-span spatial structures, such as temporary sheds, transformer equipment valve halls, warehouse buildings, and emergency disaster relief buildings. The polygonal arch frame 1 includes a load-bearing frame 2, multiple telescopic components 3, support components 4, and intelligent control components 5. The load-bearing frame 2 includes multiple standard arch segments 21 connected in sequence. Each standard arch segment 21 has an upper connecting hole 201 and a lower connecting hole 202 on both sides. The lower ends of adjacent standard arch segments 21 are hinged through the lower connecting hole 202. The load-bearing frame 2 of this embodiment is composed of multiple standard arch segments 21. The standard arch segments 21 are lightweight and can be directly transported by 2 to 4 people, greatly reducing the number of parts and improving transportation efficiency. Moreover, the standard arch segments 21 can be flexibly combined from a standard library to adapt to different span and height requirements, making them highly versatile.

[0028] See also Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the standard arch segment 21 is a truss unit. The standard arch segment 21 includes an upper chord 211, a lower chord 212, and multiple web members 213. The upper chord 211 and the lower chord 212 are arranged parallel to each other, and the length of the upper chord 211 is less than the length of the lower chord 212. Ear plates 214 are respectively provided at both ends of the upper chord 211 and the lower chord 212. The upper connecting hole 201 is located on the ear plates 214 on both sides of the upper chord 211, and the lower connecting hole 202 is located on the ear plates 214 on both sides of the lower chord 212. In this embodiment, both the upper chord 211 and the lower chord 212 are box-shaped cross-section structures with ear plates, and the web members 213 are channel-shaped cross-section structures. Multiple web members 213 are detachably connected between the upper chord 211 and the lower chord 212 through prefabricated connectors (not shown in the figure). The prefabricated connectors include clamps with pre-drilled bolt holes, bolts, and connecting rods. The clamps fit against the connection position between the upper chord 211 or lower chord 212 and the web member 213. The flanges of the upper chord 211 and lower chord 212 have connecting holes with a diameter equal to the diameter of the matching pin bolt plus 1.0~2.0 mm. Bolts pass through the bolt holes to fix the clamps, upper chord 211 or lower chord 212, and web member 213. Anti-slip pads are placed between the clamps and connecting rods. Both ends of the connecting rods are hinged to adjacent clamps or ear plates to maintain the relative angle between the members. In this embodiment, each standard arch segment 21 achieves rapid ground assembly through prefabricated connectors such as pins, clamps, and bolts, eliminating the need for complex on-site processing and significantly improving assembly efficiency.

[0029] Please see Figures 3 to 5 See also Figure 1 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between two adjacent standard arch segments according to one embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a magnified view of part of the structure. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure controlling the included angle between adjacent standard arch segments using telescopic components. As shown in the figure, each telescopic component 3 is disposed between two adjacent standard arch segments 21. Both ends of each telescopic component 3 are hinged to the upper connecting hole 201 of the corresponding standard arch segment 21. The load-bearing frame 2 forms a zigzag arch frame 1 by adjusting the telescopic lengths of multiple telescopic components 3 to control the included angle between the corresponding adjacent standard arch segments 21. In this embodiment, the telescopic component 3 is a controllable telescopic rod. Both ends of the controllable telescopic rod are respectively hinged to the upper connecting hole 201 on the ear plate 214 on the adjacent side of the upper chord 211 of the adjacent standard arch segment 2, serving as an integrated drive and load-bearing component. The controllable telescopic rod is at least one of an electric cylinder and a hydraulic rod. The lower connecting hole 202 on the ear plate 214 of the lower chord 212 of the adjacent standard arch segment 2 is hinged by a pin.

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 3As shown, the support assembly 4 includes a left support 41 and a right support 42. The lower left connecting hole 202 of the polygonal arch frame 1 is hinged to the left support 41, and the lower right connecting hole 202 of the polygonal arch frame 1 is hinged to the right support 42. In this embodiment, the polygonal arch frame 1 adopts detachable assembly nodes, which can be quickly dismantled and transported after use, and reused in different projects, reducing the generation of construction waste and lowering the total life cycle cost, which is in line with the concept of green building; at the same time, the aluminum alloy material is corrosion resistant and has a long service life, further improving the economic efficiency of the structure.

[0031] See also Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent control component 5 is electrically connected to multiple telescopic components 3. The intelligent control component 5 is used to control the telescopic length of the telescopic components 3 to adjust the shape of the polygonal arch frame 1. In this embodiment, the polygonal arch frame 1 is driven by the intelligent control component 5 to drive the telescopic components 3, realizing the automatic lifting and shaping of the arch frame structure after ground assembly. This overturns the traditional construction mode of large-span structures that rely on heavy hoisting equipment, eliminating the need for temporary supports, reducing the construction threshold and cost, and is especially suitable for rapid construction in high-altitude, extreme environments, and emergency scenarios. At the same time, by controlling the telescopic components 3 through the intelligent control component 5, the included angle, rise, and span of the arch frame structure can be flexibly adjusted. This not only adapts to the spatial requirements of different usage scenarios, but also changes the curve shape according to architectural aesthetic requirements, achieving multiple uses from one structure. Furthermore, the structural shape can be dynamically adjusted according to changes in the external environment, improving the structure's adaptability to extreme climatic environments.

[0032] In this embodiment, the intelligent control component 5 includes a sensing module 51, a control module 52, and an execution module 53. The sensing module 51 is signal-connected to the control module 52. The sensing module 51 includes a structural sensor 511 and an environmental sensor 512. The structural sensor 511 is attached to the standard arch segment 21 and / or the expansion joint 3. The structural sensor 511 includes at least one of strain gauges, accelerometers, displacement sensors, and pressure sensors. In this embodiment, four sets of full-bridge strain gauges are arranged at the mid-span and 1 / 4 point of the upper chord 211 and lower chord 212 of each standard arch segment 21, and two sets are arranged on the web members 213; accelerometers are arranged at the arch top and 1 / 4 span points on both sides of the broken-line arch frame 1; IMU pose sensors mounted at the module nodes are used to acquire displacement, rotation angle, and vibration acceleration information of the structure; the sampling frequency is 100 Hz. The environmental sensor 512 is mounted on the outside of the arch frame structure, and the environmental sensor 512 includes at least one of anemometers, thermometers, hygrometers, and snow depth gauges. Environmental sensing nodes: anemometer, thermometer, hygrometer, and snow depth meter are connected to control module 52 via RS-485 bus; sampling frequency is adjustable from 1 Hz to 10 Hz.

[0033] Control module 52 is electrically connected to execution module 53. Control module 52 is an integrated electronic control box with a built-in dual MCU+FPGA redundant architecture and digital twin model. MCU-A is responsible for morphological calculation and command issuance, while MCU-B is responsible for safety threshold monitoring and emergency stop. The FPGA implements a 32-channel PID hardware parallel closed loop with a refresh cycle of 1 ms. The digital twin model can update the stiffness matrix and geometric nonlinear matrix online based on the data collected by sensing module 51. Specifically, the integrated electronic control box has a built-in parametric finite element kernel (reduced degree of freedom ≤ 300), which uses the initial design stiffness K0 as a reference and employs recursive least squares (RLS) to backfit the measured strain ε and acceleration a. The overall stiffness matrix K_t and geometric nonlinear matrix G_t are updated every 30 s to achieve a "model-to-object" error ≤ 3%. The integrated electronic control box is also equipped with a human-machine interface, supporting manual adjustment and switching between automatic operation modes. The control module 52 of this embodiment adopts a dual MCU + FPGA redundant architecture. Both the sensing module 51 and the execution module 53 have multiple monitoring and control capabilities, and have built-in power failure / failure safety strategies. In the event of communication interruption, controller failure, or loss of synchronization of the telescopic component, it can perform operations such as shape preservation and emergency stop to prevent sudden changes in structural form and ensure the safety of the structure during construction and use.

[0034] As described above, the execution module 53 is connected to the telescopic component 3 via a transmission mechanism. Each telescopic component 3 has a built-in magnetostrictive displacement sensor and pressure sensor, which output the stroke L_i and axial force F_i in real time. The electric cylinder / hydraulic rod receives PWM pulse / ±10V analog signals, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.1 mm and a maximum synchronization error of ≤ 0.5 mm (measured). The sensing module 51 is used to collect mechanical behavior data of the arch frame structure and external environmental data, and transmit the data to the control module 52. The control module 52 is used to receive and analyze the data collected by the sensing module 51, generate control commands, and send them to the execution module 53. The execution module 53 is used to receive the control commands and drive the telescopic component 3 to complete the telescopic action. This embodiment integrates multiple sensors and the intelligent control module 52, possessing an intelligent closed loop of "perception-decision-adjustment". The online updating of the digital twin model realizes the digital management of the structure, laying the foundation for the digital twin and full life-cycle intelligent management of building structures, which is in line with the intelligent development trend of modern buildings.

[0035] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 See also Figure 3 As shown, Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of an electric-driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame assembly and lifting method according to one embodiment of this application. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing frame installed on the construction site. As shown in the figure, this embodiment is the above-mentioned electric-driven, convenient, prefabricated, adjustable polygonal arch frame assembly and lifting method, including the following steps S1 to S4. First, in step S1, site pretreatment is carried out: the construction site A is leveled, and the left support 41 and right support 42 are installed according to the design position of the polygonal arch frame 1, with a horizontal sliding space reserved at the right support 42 for the load-bearing frame 2 during bending. Next, in step S2, the load-bearing frame 2 is installed: the lower left connecting hole 202 of the load-bearing frame 2 is hinged to the left support 41, and an auxiliary sliding component (not shown in the figure) is installed at the lower right connecting hole 202 of the load-bearing frame 2, so that the load-bearing frame 2 is placed flat on the ground. The auxiliary sliding component uses pulleys.

[0036] Please refer to the following: Figure 8 See also Figure 5 As shown, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the electrically driven lifting process of the load-bearing frame according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in the figure, in step S3, the electrically driven lifting involves controlling multiple telescopic components 3 to extend and retract synchronously via the intelligent control component 5, causing the load-bearing frame 2 to be slowly lifted from the ground. Simultaneously, during the lifting process, the left support 41 remains fixed, while the right side of the load-bearing frame 2 moves to the left along the horizontal sliding space via an auxiliary sliding component until the load-bearing frame 2 reaches the designed zigzag arch frame 1 shape. It should be noted that during the lifting process of the load-bearing frame 2, the sensing system of the intelligent control component 5 monitors the structural shape and stress state in real time until the structure reaches the designed arch shape. In this embodiment, the sensing module 51 collects the mechanical performance data of the structure in real time and transmits it to the control module 52. The control module 52 receives and analyzes the data collected by the sensing module 51, generates control commands, and sends them to the execution module 53. The execution module 53 receives the control commands and drives the extension and retraction of each telescopic component 3 by a certain amount and speed to ensure the stability of the lifting process.

[0037] Please refer to the following: Figure 9 See also Figure 1 As shown, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zigzag arch frame installed on a support assembly according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in the figure, in step S4, the support is fixed by removing the auxiliary sliding parts, hinged the lower right connecting hole 202 of the zigzag arch frame 1 to the right support 42, and locking the stroke of all telescopic parts 3 to complete the assembly and lifting of the zigzag arch frame 1. Then, all connection nodes of the zigzag arch frame structure are checked and tightened, and the sensing system and electronic control system of the intelligent control component 5 are switched to the online monitoring and active control mode (environmental-strain dual closed-loop active control mode).

[0038] Please refer to the following: Figure 10 See also Figure 1 As shown, Figure 10This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the steps of an intelligent control component performing environment-strain dual closed-loop active control according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the intelligent control component 5 performs environment-strain dual closed-loop active control, including the following steps S101 to S107. Step S101: The system performs a power-on self-test, conducting a full-channel inspection of the sensing module 51, the telescopic component 3, and the communication bus. Step S102: The sensing module 51 collects the current environmental parameter vector and the structural response vector, and transmits them to the control module 52. Specifically, the sensing module 51 collects the current environmental parameter vector E_t = [v_w, T, H, h_s] and the structural response vector S_t = [ε1...εn, a1...am, L1...Lk, F1...Fk], and transmits them to the control module, where v_w is wind speed, T is temperature, H is humidity, h_s is snow depth, ε is strain, a is acceleration, L is the telescopic component stroke, and F is the telescopic component axial force.

[0039] Step S103: Control module 52 calculates the real-time internal force distribution of the arch structure using an online-updated digital twin model. Specifically, control module 52 calculates the real-time internal force distribution of the arch structure, along with the axial force N_t and bending moment M_t, using the online-updated digital twin model and the real-time acquired structural response vector. Step S104: Control module 52 calls a pre-set environment-load mapping library to obtain the equivalent static load P_env,t based on the environment parameter vector. Specifically, control module 52 calls a pre-set environment-load mapping library to obtain the equivalent static load P_env,t based on the environment parameter vector. In step S105, the control module 52 uses the minimum strain energy as the objective function and material strength and overall stability as constraints to solve for the optimal shape vector of the arch structure and convert it into the target stroke of each expansion joint 3. Specifically, the control module uses the minimum strain energy as the objective function and |N_t| ≤ 0.6 N_cr,T and |M_t| ≤ 0.9 M_y,T as constraints to solve for the optimal shape vector α* = [α1*...αk*] of the arch structure and converts the optimal shape vector into the target stroke L_i* of each controllable expansion joint, where N_cr,T is the temperature reduction critical force, M_y,T is the temperature reduction yield moment, and αi is the included angle of the i-th chord segment.

[0040] In step S106, the execution module 53 drives each telescopic component 3 to track the target stroke through parallel PID closed-loop drive, thereby achieving active shape adjustment and real-time correction. In step S107, if the measured strain or wind speed collected by the sensing module 51 exceeds the preset threshold, the control module 52 immediately triggers the emergency shape adjustment strategy and uploads alarm information. After 30 seconds, it returns to step (a) for repeated execution.

[0041] Specifically, if the measured strain εj ≥ 0.8 εy,T collected by the sensing module, and the wind speed exceeds the preset threshold, the control module immediately triggers the emergency shape adjustment strategy, increasing the arch height by 5%~8% while keeping the span unchanged. The shape change is achieved through the coordinated extension and retraction of the telescopic rods, and alarm information is uploaded to the cloud. After 30 seconds, the process returns to step S101 and repeats.

[0042] As mentioned above, based on the pre-set environment-load mapping library, the equivalent static load is obtained from the environmental parameter vector. If the measured strain or wind speed collected by the sensing module exceeds a preset threshold, or the snowfall exceeds a preset threshold, the control module immediately triggers an emergency state adjustment strategy. When the measured strain of any standard arch segment 21 enters the range of 0.6εy,T to 0.8εy,T, the intelligent control component 5 activates the local fine adjustment law, which only makes a stroke adjustment of ≤±1mm on the two adjacent expansion joints 3 of the corresponding standard arch segment 21, so that the bending moment of the segment decreases by ≥5%. After each fine adjustment, wait for a preset time. If the strain attenuation rate is ≥1µε / s, the fine adjustment is confirmed to be effective. If the strain growth cannot be contained after multiple consecutive fine adjustments (usually set to 3 times), a structural fatigue warning is reported.

[0043] The intelligent control component 5 in this embodiment performs environment-strain dual closed-loop intelligent control to achieve online active optimization of structural performance. This embodiment integrates sensing, control, and execution modules to construct an environment-strain dual closed-loop active control system. Through a digital twin model, it accurately simulates the stress state of the structure and achieves real-time optimization of the structural form with the goal of minimizing strain energy. This transforms the structure from passive load-bearing to active optimization, effectively offsetting adverse load effects such as snow load and wind load. It also achieves higher safety reserves with the same amount of material and improves material utilization.

[0044] In this embodiment, the intelligent control component 5 incorporates a power outage / failure safety strategy. When a communication interruption or a fault in the main controller of the control module 52 is detected, it immediately switches to constant pressure conformal mode, locks the current stroke of all telescopic components 3, and triggers an audible and visual alarm. When a step difference of ≥2mm is detected in a telescopic component 3, a hardware emergency stop is executed, triggering the hydraulic control check valve to lock the oil circuit or the motor to de-energize and brake, preventing abrupt changes in the arch structure. Specifically, during the construction of the zigzag arch 1, when a step difference of 2mm is detected in one of the telescopic components 3, the control module immediately triggers a hardware emergency stop, drives the hydraulic control check valve to lock the oil circuit, prevents abrupt changes in the structural shape, and restarts the lifting program after the fault is cleared, ensuring the safety of the construction process.

[0045] In this embodiment, during the use phase, the intelligent control component 5 can dynamically adjust the expansion and contraction of the telescopic component 3 according to changes in the external environment and load, thereby achieving active optimization of the arch structure. When encountering snowfall or rain, the arch structure is adjusted to a steeper shape to reduce the snow load. When encountering strong winds, the arch structure shape is adjusted to reduce the wind-exposed area. When changes in the usage scenario alter the net height requirement of the arch structure, the arch structure's rise is changed by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the telescopic component 3. Specifically, when encountering snowfall with a snow depth of 200mm, the sensing module collects snow depth data and transmits it to the integrated electronic control box. The integrated electronic control box calls the environment-load mapping library to obtain the equivalent static load, solves the optimal shape vector, and drives the controllable telescopic rods to extend and retract, increasing the arch height by 6% while keeping the span unchanged. Through the coordinated extension and retraction of the telescopic rods, the shape changes, making the arch structure steeper and effectively reducing the snow load. When storage needs change and the clearance needs to be increased, the control parameters are adjusted through the human-machine interface to drive the controllable telescopic rod 2 to extend and retract, increasing the arch height to 5m to meet the new usage requirements. Alternatively, when encountering a once-in-a-year gale with a wind speed of 28m / s, the control module immediately triggers an emergency strategy, increasing the arch height by 8% while keeping the span unchanged. Through the coordinated extension and retraction of the telescopic rods, the shape changes, reducing the structure's wind-exposed area, and simultaneously uploading alarm information to the cloud, improving the structure's adaptability to extreme weather conditions.

[0046] In summary, this application provides an electrically driven, convenient, modular, adjustable-form zigzag arch frame and its assembly and lifting method. The load-bearing frame of this application adopts a modular design, resulting in high transportation and assembly efficiency: the load-bearing frame consists of multiple sequentially connected standard arch segments. These standard arch segments are lightweight and can be directly handled by 2-4 people, greatly reducing the number of parts and improving transportation efficiency. Each standard arch segment is quickly assembled on the ground using prefabricated connectors such as pins, clamps, and bolts, eliminating the need for complex on-site processing and significantly improving assembly efficiency. Furthermore, the standard arch segments can be flexibly combined from a standard library to adapt to different span and height requirements, demonstrating strong versatility. The load-bearing frame of this application can be electrically driven for self-lifting, enabling construction without mechanized engineering: through intelligent control components that drive the telescopic components, the arch frame structure is automatically lifted and formed after ground assembly, overturning the traditional construction mode of large-span structures that relies on heavy hoisting equipment. No temporary supports are required, lowering the construction threshold and cost, making it particularly suitable for rapid construction in high-altitude, extreme environments, and unexpected scenarios.

[0047] This application's intelligent control component implements an environment-strain dual-closed-loop intelligent control system to achieve online proactive optimization of structural performance. This application integrates sensing, control, and execution modules to construct an environment-strain dual-closed-loop active control system. Through a digital twin model, it accurately simulates the structural stress state, achieving real-time optimization of the structural morphology with the goal of minimizing strain energy. This transforms the structure from passive load-bearing to active optimization, effectively offsetting adverse load effects such as snow and wind loads, achieving higher safety reserves with the same material usage, and improving material utilization. The application's control module features redundant design and failure-safe strategies, ensuring high structural safety. The control module adopts a dual MCU + FPGA redundant architecture. Both the sensing and execution modules possess multiple monitoring and control capabilities and have built-in power-off / failure-safe strategies. In cases of communication interruption, controller failure, or loss of synchronization in expansion joints, it can perform operations such as shape preservation and emergency stop, preventing abrupt changes in structural morphology and ensuring the safety of the structure during construction and use.

[0048] The zigzag arch frame of this application features an actively controllable form with strong adaptability and functionality: This application controls the expansion and contraction of the expansion joints through intelligent control components, flexibly adjusting the included angle, rise, and span of the arch frame structure. This not only adapts to the spatial requirements of different usage scenarios but also allows for changes in the curved shape according to architectural aesthetics, achieving multi-purpose functionality. Furthermore, the structural form can be dynamically adjusted according to changes in the external environment, enhancing the structure's adaptability to extreme climates. The zigzag arch frame of this application is reusable, economical, and environmentally friendly: All zigzag arch frames utilize detachable, modular nodes, allowing for rapid dismantling and transportation after use, and reuse in different projects. This reduces construction waste and lowers the total life-cycle cost, aligning with green building principles. Simultaneously, the corrosion resistance and long service life of the aluminum alloy material further enhance the structure's economic efficiency. The zigzag arch frame of this application boasts a high degree of intelligence and informatization: This application integrates multiple sensors and intelligent control modules, possessing an intelligent closed loop of "perception-decision-adjustment." Online updates of the digital twin model enable digital management of the structure, laying the foundation for digital twin and full life-cycle intelligent management of building structures, conforming to the trend of intelligent development in modern architecture.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0050] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A conveniently assembled, electrically driven, polygonal arch frame with adjustable form, characterized in that, include: Force The frame includes multiple standard arch segments connected in sequence. Each standard arch segment has an upper connecting hole and a lower connecting hole on both sides. The lower ends of adjacent standard arch segments are hinged through the lower connecting hole. Multiple telescopic components are provided, each of which is disposed between two adjacent standard arch segments. The two ends of each telescopic component are hinged to the upper connecting hole at the upper end of the corresponding standard arch segment. The load-bearing frame forms a zigzag arch frame by adjusting the telescopic length of the multiple telescopic components to control the included angle between the corresponding adjacent standard arch segments. The support assembly includes a left support and a right support, wherein the lower connecting hole on the left side of the polygonal arch frame is hinged to the left support, and the lower connecting hole on the right side of the polygonal arch frame is hinged to the right support. An intelligent control component is electrically connected to multiple of the telescopic components, and the intelligent control component is used to control the telescopic length of the telescopic components to adjust the shape of the polygonal arch frame.

2. The polygonal arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the standard arch segments includes an upper chord, a lower chord, and multiple web members. The upper chord and the lower chord are arranged in parallel. The multiple web members are detachably connected between the upper chord and the lower chord via prefabricated connectors. Ear plates are provided at both ends of the upper chord and the lower chord.

3. The polygonal arch frame according to claim 2, characterized in that, The prefabricated connector includes a clamp plate with pre-drilled bolt holes, bolts, and connecting rods. The clamp plate fits against the connection position between the upper chord or the lower chord and the web member. The flanges of the upper chord and the lower chord have connecting holes with a diameter equal to the diameter of the matching pin bolt plus 1.0~2.0 mm. The bolts pass through the bolt holes to fix the clamp plate, the upper chord or the lower chord, and the web member. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the adjacent clamp plate or ear plate to maintain the relative angle between the members.

4. The polygonal arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control component includes a sensing module, a control module, and an execution module. The sensing module is signal-connected to the control module, the control module is electrically connected to the execution module, and the execution module is drive-connected to the telescopic component. The sensing module is used to collect mechanical property data and external environmental data of the arch frame structure and transmit the data to the control module. The control module is used to receive and analyze the data collected by the sensing module, generate control commands, and send them to the execution module. The execution module is used to receive the control commands and drive the telescopic component to complete the telescopic movement.

5. The polygonal arch frame according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sensing module includes structural sensors and environmental sensors. The structural sensors are attached to the standard arch section and / or the expansion joint, and include at least one of strain gauges, accelerometers, displacement sensors, and pressure sensors. The environmental sensors are mounted on the outside of the arch structure, and include at least one of anemometers, thermo-hygrometers, and snow depth gauges. The control module is an integrated electronic control box with a built-in dual MCU+FPGA redundant architecture and a digital twin model. The digital twin model can update the stiffness matrix and geometric nonlinear matrix online based on the data collected by the sensing module. The integrated electronic control box is also equipped with a human-machine interface, supporting manual adjustment and switching between automatic operation modes.

6. A method for assembling and lifting an electrically driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Level the construction site, install the left support and the right support according to the design position of the zigzag arch frame, and reserve horizontal sliding space for the load-bearing frame during the bending process at the right support; The lower connecting hole on the left side of the load-bearing frame is hinged to the left support, and an auxiliary sliding component is installed in the lower connecting hole on the right side of the load-bearing frame so that the load-bearing frame is placed flat on the ground. The intelligent control component controls the synchronous extension and retraction of multiple telescopic components, which drives the load-bearing frame to be slowly lifted from the ground. At the same time, the right side of the load-bearing frame moves to the left along the horizontal sliding space through the auxiliary sliding component until the load-bearing frame reaches the designed zigzag arch shape. Remove the auxiliary sliding component, hinge the lower connecting hole on the right side of the zigzag arch frame to the right support, and lock the stroke of all the telescopic components to complete the assembly and lifting of the zigzag arch frame.

7. The method for assembling and lifting the electrically driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the lifting process, the mechanical behavior data of the structure is collected in real time by the sensing module and transmitted to the control module. The control module receives and analyzes the collected data, generates control commands and sends them to the execution module. The execution module receives the control commands and drives the extension and retraction of each telescopic component to ensure the stability of the lifting process.

8. The method for assembling and lifting the electrically driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intelligent control component executes an environment-strain dual-closed-loop active control process, including the following steps: (a) The system performs a power-on self-test, conducting a full-channel inspection of the sensing module, telescopic components, and communication bus; (b) The sensing module collects the current environmental parameter vector and structural response vector and transmits them to the control module; (c) The control module calculates the real-time internal force distribution of the arch frame structure through an online-updated digital twin model; (d) The control module calls the preset environment-load mapping library and obtains the equivalent static load based on the environment parameter vector; (e) The control module uses the minimum strain energy as the objective function and material strength and overall stability as constraints to solve for the optimal shape vector of the arch frame structure and convert it into the target stroke of each of the aforementioned expansion joints; (f) The execution module drives each of the telescopic components to track the target stroke through parallel PID closed-loop drive, thereby achieving active shape adjustment; (g) If the measured strain or wind speed collected by the sensing module exceeds the preset threshold or the snowfall exceeds the preset threshold, the control module immediately triggers the emergency mode adjustment strategy and uploads alarm information. After 30 seconds, it returns to step (a) and executes it repeatedly.

9. The method for assembling and lifting the electrically driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable polygonal arch frame according to claim 8, characterized in that, Based on a pre-set environment-load mapping library, the equivalent static load is obtained from the environmental parameter vector. If the measured strain or wind speed collected by the sensing module exceeds a preset threshold, or the snowfall exceeds a preset threshold, the control module immediately triggers an emergency morphological adjustment strategy; or When the measured strain of any of the standard arch segments enters the range of 0.6εy,T to 0.8εy,T; The adjustment program is initiated, and the intelligent control component activates the local fine-tuning law, which only makes a stroke adjustment of ≤±1mm to the two adjacent expansion joints of the corresponding standard arch segment, so that the bending moment of the segment decreases by ≥5%. After each fine-tuning, a preset time is waited. If the strain attenuation rate is ≥1µε / s, the fine-tuning is confirmed to be effective. If multiple consecutive fine-tunings still cannot curb the strain growth, a structural fatigue warning is reported.

10. The method for assembling and lifting the electrically driven, conveniently assembled, adjustable-form polygonal arch frame according to claim 8, characterized in that, The intelligent control component has a built-in power failure / failure safety strategy. When a communication interruption or a failure of the main controller of the control module is detected, it immediately switches to constant pressure conformal mode, locks the current stroke of all telescopic components, and triggers an audible and visual alarm. When a step difference of ≥2mm is detected in the telescopic components, a hardware emergency stop is executed, triggering the hydraulic control check valve to lock the oil circuit or the motor to de-energize and brake, to prevent sudden changes in the shape of the arch frame structure.

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