A full circle casing drilling rig

Abstract

This invention discloses a full-rotation casing drilling rig. The full-rotation casing drilling rig includes: a base; a drive support; a first hydraulic cylinder, with its two ends connected to the base and the drive support respectively; a casing clamping mechanism disposed between the base and the drive support; a second hydraulic cylinder, with its two ends connected to the drive support and the outer ring of a first slewing bearing respectively; a first ring fixedly connected to the inner ring of the first slewing bearing; an inclined seat provided on the inner wall of the first ring; a wedge sliding along the inclined surface of the inclined seat; a second ring on the drive support; a connecting lug with a transverse elongated hole; and a wedge movably connected to the connecting lug through a connecting shaft passing through the elongated hole; and a rotary drive mechanism disposed on the drive support and connected to the second ring. The wedge clamping method of this invention involves the inclined seat moving upwards to drive the wedge to clamp laterally, ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of the clamping force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, and in particular to a full-rotation casing drilling rig. Background Technology

[0002] The full-rotation casing drilling rig is a high-efficiency construction equipment specifically designed for underground engineering. It is widely used in obstacle clearing, pile extraction, interlocking pile construction, cast-in-place pile construction, and rock-socketed pile construction. It drives the casing to rotate 360 ​​degrees via a hydraulic system, while simultaneously using a grab bucket (or hammer grab bucket), a rotary drilling bucket, and forward and reverse circulation to excavate the soil layers inside the casing, enabling continuous construction operations where the casing is being driven in while the soil is being excavated within it.

[0003] CN202249827U discloses a casing clamping device. The technical solution is as follows: When loosening the casing, high-pressure oil is simultaneously supplied to the rodless chamber of the clamping cylinder. The piston rod of the clamping cylinder extends, and the cylinder body pushes the lifting platform upward. The connecting rod and wedge block move upward synchronously with the slewing bearing on the platform. At this time, the inclined surface of the wedge block disengages from the control of the inclined surface of the large gear ring, and the variable-diameter spacer automatically moves outward under its own weight, disengaging from the casing. When clamping the casing, the casing is placed between six variable-diameter spacers, and high-pressure oil is simultaneously supplied to the rod chamber of the clamping cylinder. The piston rod of the clamping cylinder retracts, and the cylinder body pulls the lifting platform, connecting rod, wedge block, and variable-diameter spacers downward. During the downward movement, the inclined surface of the wedge block, constrained by the inclined surface of the large gear ring, moves inward simultaneously with the variable-diameter spacers. The inner arc surface of the variable-diameter spacers gradually approaches the outer wall of the casing until the set clamping state is reached. The disadvantage of this technology is that the clamping device uses a wedge-type downward insertion clamping method. During the clamping process, after the wedge contacts and fits with the sleeve, it needs to continue to be inserted downward to form a clamping structure. At this time, the sleeve and the jaw wedge block will move simultaneously, causing positional displacement. In particular, when the clamping block is opened, the sleeve will have an upward pulling action, causing a large error and resulting in uneven clamping force.

[0004] In addition, in CN202249827U, the clamping mechanism for clamping the casing is arranged on the upper part of the equipment, and the rotary drive mechanism is set between the clamping mechanism and the support base. Through the movement of the clamping cylinder, the clamping platform pulls down to clamp the casing and pushes up to loosen the casing. The overall structure of the equipment (about 3 meters high) is relatively large, and it can only be used for soil removal by engineering crawler crane grab bucket. However, due to the limitation of the lifting force of the engineering crawler crane, the soil removal volume of the grab bucket is limited, so the construction efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a full-rotation casing drilling rig, the main purpose of which is to solve the problems of casing position displacement, uneven clamping force and compact overall structure caused by clamping structure.

[0006] The full-rotation casing drilling rig of the present invention includes:

[0007] The base has a first circular cavity through which the sleeve passes;

[0008] A drive bracket is spaced above the base and has a second circular cavity through which the sleeve passes; the first circular cavity and the second circular cavity are vertically aligned.

[0009] At least two first hydraulic cylinders are distributed along the outer circumference of the first circular cavity of the base; the two ends of the first hydraulic cylinders are respectively connected to the base and the drive bracket, and the first hydraulic cylinders cause the drive bracket to move away from or closer to the base relative to the base;

[0010] A sleeve clamping mechanism is disposed between the base and the drive bracket. The sleeve clamping mechanism includes a second hydraulic cylinder, a first slewing bearing, and a wedge. The two ends of the second hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the outer rings of the drive bracket and the first slewing bearing. The second hydraulic cylinder causes the first slewing bearing to move away from or closer to the drive bracket. A first ring is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the first slewing bearing. Multiple inclined seats are circumferentially spaced on the inner wall of the first ring. The side of the inclined seat away from the first ring gradually tilts from top to bottom towards the central axis of the first ring. The inclined surface of the inclined seat fits against the wedge and slides relative to the wedge. The sleeve clamping mechanism also includes a second ring disposed on the drive bracket. The central axes of the first ring and the second ring are aligned. A connecting ear plate is disposed on the second ring. The connecting ear plate has a transverse elongated hole. The top of the wedge is movably connected to the connecting ear plate through a connecting shaft passing through the elongated hole. The wedge can move back and forth along the length of the elongated hole.

[0011] A rotary drive mechanism is mounted on a drive bracket; the rotary drive mechanism is connected to the second ring sleeve and drives the second ring sleeve to rotate.

[0012] According to the aforementioned full-rotation casing drilling rig, a fixed ring is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the first slewing bearing; a third support is provided on the outer wall of the fixed ring, and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the third support.

[0013] According to the aforementioned full-rotation casing drilling rig, the base is provided with a first support, the lower surface of the drive bracket is provided with a second support, one end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the first support, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the second support.

[0014] Furthermore, the full-rotation casing drilling rig also includes a support mechanism connecting the base and the drive bracket; the support mechanism is provided with a first tie rod, a second tie rod, a connecting seat, a support seat and a third hydraulic cylinder, and the support seat is fixedly installed on the base; the first tie rod and the second tie rod are in an inclined state, one end of the first tie rod and one end of the second tie rod are respectively connected to the drive bracket through bearings, and the other end of the first tie rod and the other end of the second tie rod are hinged to the connecting seat, and the hinge connection point with the connecting seat is located on the radial extension line of the second circular cavity;

[0015] The third hydraulic cylinder drives the connecting seat to slide back and forth along the radial direction of the second circular cavity on the support seat; the connecting seat can pitch and rotate relative to the support seat.

[0016] Furthermore, the support mechanism is also provided with a slide rail fixedly mounted on the support base and a slide block slidably mounted on the slide rail; the connecting seat is hinged to the slide block;

[0017] One end of the third hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the base, and the other end of the third hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the slide.

[0018] Furthermore, a first tilt sensor is fixedly installed on the first hydraulic cylinder, and the first tilt sensor detects whether the center line of the first circular cavity is offset from the center line of the second circular cavity.

[0019] Furthermore, the full-rotation casing drilling rig also includes one or two fourth hydraulic cylinders, one end of which is connected to the base and the other end of which is connected to the drive support. The fourth hydraulic cylinder is used to adjust the drive support to keep it horizontal.

[0020] Furthermore, a second tilt sensor is fixedly installed on the drive bracket, which detects whether the drive bracket is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0021] According to the aforementioned full-rotation casing drilling rig, the rotary drive mechanism is equipped with:

[0022] The rotation source is fixedly mounted on the drive bracket;

[0023] The drive gear forms a transmission connection with the output shaft of the rotation source;

[0024] The gear ring has convex teeth on its outer circumference that mesh with the drive gear, and the drive gear and the gear ring form a meshing transmission pair;

[0025] The second slewing bearing has its outer ring fixedly connected to the gear ring and the second ring sleeve, and its inner ring fixedly connected to the drive bracket.

[0026] Furthermore, the rotation source is an electric motor, an engine, a hydraulic motor, or a combination of one of these with a speed reducer.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The present invention changes the clamping method of the wedge from the traditional downward insertion of the wedge to the upward movement of the inclined seat to drive the wedge to move laterally for clamping, which solves the problems of uneven contact between the wedge and the sleeve, positional deviation, and sleeve pull-out error during the clamping process, and ensures the uniformity and accuracy of the clamping force.

[0029] (2) In the full-rotation casing drilling rig of the present invention, the casing clamping mechanism is set between the base and the drive support. When the same pressure lifting stroke is applied, the equipment of the present invention can be more compact, suitable for the bottom clearance environment, and can be used with punching grab bucket or rotary drilling bucket for forward and reverse circulation construction to meet the requirements of various working conditions.

[0030] (3) The full-rotation casing drilling rig of the present invention changes the traditional vertical guide column into an inclined support rod (first rod and second rod), which extends the stress point of the system reaction force generated by the rotation of the full-rotation casing drilling rig from near the center of the drilling rig to the tail of the base, increases the reaction arm, and thus reduces the material stress requirement. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a full-rotation casing drilling rig;

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a top view of a full-rotation casing drilling rig.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction;

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a section at point D;

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a section at point E in the middle;

[0038] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram showing the combined state of the second ring, connecting ear plate, and wedge block;

[0039] Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural diagram showing the combined state of the drive support, rotary drive mechanism, and wedge block;

[0040] Figure 10 A bottom view showing the combined state of the drive bracket, rotary drive mechanism, and wedge block;

[0041] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Sectional view along the FF direction;

[0042] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A magnified view of a section at point G in the middle;

[0043] Figure 13 A three-dimensional structural diagram showing the combined state of the base, drive bracket, support mechanism, and fourth hydraulic cylinder;

[0044] Figure 14 A three-dimensional structural diagram showing the combined state of the first tie rod, the second tie rod, the connecting seat, the third hydraulic cylinder, and the slide block;

[0045] Figure 15 A cross-sectional view of the casing clamping mechanism clamping the casing;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of the casing clamping mechanism in the downward pressing state, driven by the first hydraulic cylinder.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0048] 100. Sleeve;

[0049] 1. Base; 11. First circular cavity; 12. First support; 2. Drive bracket; 21. Second circular cavity; 22. Second support; 3. First hydraulic cylinder; 4. Sleeve clamping mechanism; 41. Second hydraulic cylinder; 42. First slewing bearing; 43. Wedge block; 44. First ring sleeve; 45. Inclined seat; 46. Second ring sleeve; 47. Connecting ear plate; 48. Elongated hole; 49. Connecting shaft; 410. Fixing ring; 411. Third support; 5. Rotary drive mechanism; 51. Rotation source; 52. Drive gear; 53. Gear ring; 54. Second slewing bearing; 6. Support mechanism; 61. First tie rod; 62. Second tie rod; 63. Connecting seat; 64. Support seat; 65. Third hydraulic cylinder; 66. Slide rail; 67. Slide block; 7. First tilt sensor; 8. Fourth hydraulic cylinder; 9. Second tilt sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 16 The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0051] This invention provides a full-rotation casing drilling rig, the structure of which is as follows: Figures 1 to 5 As shown. The full-rotation casing drilling rig includes a base 1, a drive support 2, a first hydraulic cylinder 3, a casing clamping mechanism 4, and a rotary drive mechanism 5.

[0052] The base 1 serves as the foundation of the entire device, providing support for other structures within the device. A first circular cavity 11 is provided through the base 1 for the sleeve 100 to pass through.

[0053] The drive bracket 2 is spaced above the base 1, and a second circular cavity 21 for the sleeve 100 to pass through is provided therethrough; the first circular cavity 11 and the second circular cavity 21 are vertically corresponding.

[0054] The drive support 2 is connected to the base 1 via a first hydraulic cylinder 3, enabling relative movement between the drive support 2 and the base 1, thereby facilitating the drilling or extraction of the casing 100. At least two first hydraulic cylinders 3 are distributed circumferentially along the first circular cavity 11 of the base 1; the first hydraulic cylinders 3 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the first circular cavity 11 to ensure balanced lifting force. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected to the base 1, and the other end is connected to the drive support 2. The first hydraulic cylinder 3 moves the drive support 2 away from or closer to the base 1. The two ends of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 are hinged to the base 1 and the drive support 2, respectively, or directly fixedly connected.

[0055] The sleeve clamping mechanism 4 is disposed between the base 1 and the drive bracket 2; the sleeve clamping mechanism 4 includes a second hydraulic cylinder 41, a first slewing bearing 42, and a wedge 43; the two ends of the second hydraulic cylinder 41 are respectively connected to the outer rings of the drive bracket 2 and the first slewing bearing 42, and the second hydraulic cylinder 41 causes the first slewing bearing 42 to move away from or closer to the drive bracket 2; the inner ring of the first slewing bearing 42 is fixedly connected to a first ring sleeve 44, and multiple inclined seats 45 are circumferentially spaced on the inner wall of the first ring sleeve 44. The side of the inclined seat 45 away from the first ring sleeve 44 gradually tilts from top to bottom toward the central axis of the first ring sleeve 44, and the inclined surface of the inclined seat 45 is in contact with the wedge 43 and slides relative to the wedge 43. The sleeve clamping mechanism 4 also includes a second ring sleeve 46 disposed on the drive bracket 2, and the central axes of the first ring sleeve 44 and the second ring sleeve 46 are aligned; Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the second ring 46 is provided with a connecting ear plate 47, and the connecting ear plate 47 has a transverse elongated hole 48. The top of the wedge block 43 is movably connected to the connecting ear plate 47 through a connecting shaft 49 passing through the elongated hole 48, and the wedge block 43 can move laterally back and forth.

[0056] When the second hydraulic cylinder 41 retracts, it drives the first slewing bearing 42 to move closer to the drive bracket 2, the inclined seat 45 moves upward, and the inclined surface of the inclined seat 45 pushes the wedge block 43 to move laterally toward the center, clamping the sleeve 100; when the second hydraulic cylinder 41 extends, it drives the first slewing bearing 42 to move away from the drive bracket 2, the wedge block 43 moves laterally away from the center, and relaxes the sleeve 100.

[0057] The inclined seat 45 has an inclined groove at its center. The wedge block 43 slides up and down along the inclined surface in the groove. The left and right side walls of the groove limit the wedge block 43 to the left and right, so that the inclined seat 45 and the wedge block 43 can rotate synchronously.

[0058] The outer ring of the first slewing bearing 42 can be directly and fixedly connected to each other, or it can be connected via an intermediate component. In the intermediate component connection method: a retaining ring 410 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the first slewing bearing 42, and a third support 411 is provided on the outer wall of the retaining ring 410. The other end of the second hydraulic cylinder 41 is connected to the third support 411. The retaining ring 410 is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder 41, and the retaining ring 410 does not rotate.

[0059] A rotary drive mechanism 5 is mounted on the drive bracket 2 and is connected to the second ring sleeve 46. The rotary drive mechanism 5 drives the second ring sleeve 46 to rotate around the central axis of the first slewing support 42, thereby causing the wedge block 43 to clamp the sleeve 100 and rotate. In the device, the drive bracket 2 and the second hydraulic cylinder 41 do not rotate, but the wedge block 43 connected to the second ring sleeve 46 rotates, thereby causing the sleeve 100 to rotate.

[0060] The rotary drive mechanism 5 includes a rotation source 51, a drive gear 52, a gear ring 53, and a second slewing bearing 54. For example... Figure 6 , Figures 10 to 12 As shown, the rotation source 51 is fixedly mounted on the drive bracket 2, and the drive gear 52 is connected to the output shaft of the rotation source 51. The outer circumference of the gear ring 53 is provided with protruding teeth that mesh with the drive gear 52, and the drive gear 52 and the gear ring 53 form a meshing transmission pair. The outer ring of the second slewing bearing 54 is fixedly connected to the gear ring 53 and the second ring sleeve 46, and the inner ring is fixedly connected to the drive bracket 2.

[0061] The rotation source 51 can be selected as a device capable of outputting rotation, such as an electric motor, an engine, a hydraulic motor, or a combination of one of them and a reducer.

[0062] While rotating, the first hydraulic cylinder 3 retracts, driving the support 2 to move closer to the base 1, thereby enabling the casing 100 to be drilled in. Conversely, while rotating, the first hydraulic cylinder 3 extends, driving the support 2 to move away from the base 1, thereby enabling the casing 100 to be pulled out.

[0063] The operation process of the full-rotation casing drilling rig of the present invention is as follows:

[0064] The sleeve 100 is placed into the first circular cavity 11 of the base 1 and the second circular cavity 21 of the drive bracket 2.

[0065] I. Casing drilling process:

[0066] 1. Clamping the sleeve: The sleeve clamping mechanism 4 operates, the second hydraulic cylinder 41 retracts, the fixing ring 410 moves closer to the drive bracket 2, the inclined seat 45 pushes the wedge block 43 to move towards the center, and the wedge block 43 clamps the sleeve 100, as shown. Figure 15 As shown.

[0067] 2. Rotating and pressing down the casing: The rotary drive mechanism 5 operates to rotate the casing 100 for cutting; simultaneously, the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is activated, causing the drive bracket 2 to move closer to the base 1, thus drilling the casing 100 downwards. The feed stroke is preset within the range of 400~600mm according to construction requirements. When the casing 100 completes the preset feed of 400~600mm, the first hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rotary drive mechanism 5 stop working synchronously, the casing 100 stops rotating and moving axially, and remains stationary in its current position. Figure 16 As shown.

[0068] 3. Loosening the casing: The casing clamping mechanism 4 operates, the second hydraulic cylinder 41 extends, the fixing ring 410 moves away from the drive bracket 2, the wedge block 43 moves away from the center, and the casing 100 is loosened.

[0069] 4. Drive bracket 2 moves upward: The first hydraulic cylinder 3 is activated, causing the drive bracket 2 to move away from the base 1, in preparation for the next casing drilling process.

[0070] 5. After completing a single casing drilling, repeat steps 1 to 4 until the casing is drilled to the designed depth. Finally, perform the casing clamping action and hold it, and the drilling process ends.

[0071] II. Casing Pull-out Process:

[0072] 6. Rotate and move the sleeve upward: The rotary drive mechanism 5 operates to rotate the sleeve; simultaneously, the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is activated, causing the drive bracket 2 to move away from the base 1, and the sleeve 100 to move upward to the set distance. When the sleeve 100 has moved upward to the set distance, the first hydraulic cylinder 3 and the rotary drive mechanism 5 stop working synchronously, the sleeve 100 stops rotating and moving axially, and remains stationary in its current position.

[0073] 7. Loosening the casing: The casing clamping mechanism 4 operates, the second hydraulic cylinder 41 extends, the fixing ring 410 moves away from the drive bracket 2, the wedge block 43 moves away from the center, and the casing 100 is loosened.

[0074] 8. Drive bracket 2 moves down: The first hydraulic cylinder 3 is activated, causing the drive bracket 2 to move closer to the base 1.

[0075] 9. Clamping sleeve 100: The sleeve clamping mechanism 4 operates, the second hydraulic cylinder 41 retracts, the fixing ring 410 moves closer to the drive bracket 2, the inclined seat 45 pushes the wedge block 43 to move towards the center, and the wedge block 43 clamps the sleeve 100.

[0076] 10. After completing the cannula pull-out, repeat steps 6-9 until the cannula is completely pulled out.

[0077] This invention changes the wedge clamping method from the traditional downward insertion to an upward movement of the inclined seat that drives the wedge to move laterally for clamping. This solves problems such as uneven contact between the wedge and the casing, positional misalignment, and casing pull-out errors during clamping, ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of the clamping force. The upward movement of the inclined seat causes the wedge to slide along the inclined surface, resulting in a gradual increase in clamping force and more uniform contact between the clamping surface and the casing, greatly improving stability and avoiding the uneven contact or positional misalignment that occurs when the wedge is inserted downwards in the traditional method. Because the wedge slides along the inclined direction of the inclined seat, the clamping process avoids direct pull-out force, thus reducing errors and solving the pull-out action that occurs during casing clamping and loosening, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the casing throughout the drilling process.

[0078] This invention optimizes the structure of the casing clamping mechanism 4, so that the casing 100 and the drive support 2 remain relatively stationary during the clamping and loosening of the casing 100 by the casing clamping mechanism 4. This relatively stationary design effectively avoids changes in the casing position, ensures that the casing maintains a precise position throughout the drilling process, and improves drilling accuracy.

[0079] In the full-rotation casing drilling rig of the present invention, the casing clamping mechanism 4 is disposed between the base 1 and the drive support 2. With the same pressurized lifting stroke, the equipment of the present invention can be more compact, suitable for environments with low clearance, and can be used with grab buckets or rotary drilling buckets for forward and reverse circulation construction, meeting the needs of various working conditions. Due to the more compact overall structure and lower center of gravity, the overall stability is improved, resulting in a more uniform weight distribution during operation and avoiding tilting or instability that may occur due to excessive equipment height in traditional designs.

[0080] The base 1 is provided with a first support 12, and the lower surface of the drive bracket 2 is provided with a second support 22. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged to the first support 12, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged to the second support 22. In order to reduce the height of the entire device, the first support 12 is embedded in the main body of the base 1. The hinge axes at both ends of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 extend in parallel directions, and the hinge axes of any two first hydraulic cylinders 3 are parallel to each other.

[0081] In existing full-rotation casing drilling rigs, the base and drive support are guided by guide columns to achieve the lifting and guiding function of the drive support 2. When the rotary drive structure drives the casing to rotate, a rotational reaction torque is generated on the drive support. Existing full-rotation casing drilling rigs rely on the guide columns between the base and the drive support to overcome the rotational reaction torque. Due to the positional relationship between the guide columns and the rotation center, the lever arm of the reaction torque is short, resulting in a large reaction force. Moreover, the guide columns are subjected to radial force, thus requiring guide columns with thick pipe walls, high wear resistance, and high installation and processing precision to overcome the reaction force, resulting in high manufacturing costs. To solve this problem, the full-rotation casing drilling rig of the present invention provides a support mechanism, as described below:

[0082] One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged to the first support 12, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged to the second support 22. The full-rotation casing drilling rig also includes a support mechanism 6 connecting the base 1 and the drive bracket 2. For example... Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the support mechanism 6 includes a first pull rod 61, a second pull rod 62, a connecting seat 63, a support seat 64, and a third hydraulic cylinder 65. The support seat 64 is fixedly mounted on the base 1. Specifically, the support seat 64 is fixed to the edge of the base 1. The first pull rod 61 and the second pull rod 62 are inclined. One end of the first pull rod 61 and one end of the second pull rod 62 are respectively connected to the drive bracket 2 via bearings. The other ends of the first pull rod 61 and the other ends of the second pull rod 62 are hinged to the connecting seat 63. The hinge point with the connecting seat 63 is located on the radial extension line of the second circular cavity 21. The other ends of the first pull rod 61 and the second pull rod 62 are inclined outwards. The third hydraulic cylinder 65 drives the connecting seat 63 to slide back and forth on the support seat 64 along the radial direction of the second circular cavity 21; the connecting seat 63 can pitch and rotate relative to the support seat 64. The hinge directions of the two ends of the first hydraulic cylinder 65 are parallel to the hinge direction of the bottom end of the pull rod.

[0083] After the casing clamping mechanism 4 clamps the casing 100, the rotary drive mechanism 5 drives the casing 100 to rotate (clockwise as an example). At the same time, a reaction force is generated, causing the drive bracket 2 to tend to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the second tie rod 62 will be subjected to tensile force, and the first tie rod 61 will be subjected to compressive force. Through the first tie rod 61, a rightward pushing force is generated to the connecting seat 63, which is transmitted to the support seat 64, overcoming the reaction force transmission during the operation of the full-rotation casing drilling rig. The first tie rod 61 and the second tie rod 62 support the drive bracket 2 of the full-rotation casing drilling rig, thereby lengthening the lever arm of the reaction torque. Most of the force on the first tie rod 61 and the second tie rod 62 is radial force, so the rod diameter does not need to be too large. The first tie rod 61 and the second tie rod 62 are connected to the drive bracket 2 by a pin shaft, which reduces the accuracy requirements for installation and processing. During the casing rotary drilling process, the ends of the first tie rod 61 and the second tie rod 62 are connected to the drive bracket 2 through bearings, and the connecting seat 63 can pitch and rotate relative to the support seat 64, so that the reaction force can always be mainly applied to the axial direction of one of the first tie rod 61 and the second tie rod 62.

[0084] The full-rotation casing drilling rig of the present invention replaces the traditional vertical guide column with an inclined support rod (first rod 61, second rod 62), extending the stress point of the system reaction force generated by the rotation of the full-rotation casing drilling rig from near the center of the drilling rig to the tail of the base 1, increasing the reaction arm and thus reducing the material stress requirements.

[0085] The support mechanism 6 is also provided with a slide rail 66 fixedly mounted on the support base 64 and a slide block 67 slidably mounted on the slide rail 66; the connecting seat 63 is hinged to the slide block 67. One end of the third hydraulic cylinder 65 is fixed to the base 1, and the other end of the third hydraulic cylinder 65 is fixedly connected to the slide block 67.

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, a first tilt sensor 7 is fixedly installed on the first hydraulic cylinder 3. The first tilt sensor 7 detects whether the center line of the first circular cavity 11 is offset from the center line of the second circular cavity 21. When the center line of the first circular cavity 11 does not coincide with the center line of the second circular cavity 21, the third hydraulic cylinder 65 is controlled to run, thereby achieving concentricity and ensuring the coordinates of the sleeve center position.

[0087] One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged to the first support 12, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is hinged to the second support 22. The full-rotation casing drilling rig also includes one or two fourth hydraulic cylinders 8. One end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 8 is connected to the base 1, and the other end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 8 is connected to the drive bracket 2. The fourth hydraulic cylinder 8 is used to adjust the drive bracket 2 to maintain its horizontal position. Both ends of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 8 are hinged to the base 1 and the drive bracket 2, respectively. When there are two fourth hydraulic cylinders 8, the two fourth hydraulic cylinders 8 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the first circular cavity 11. The hinge directions of the two ends of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 are parallel to the hinge directions of the two ends of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 8.

[0088] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, a second tilt sensor 9 is fixedly installed on the drive bracket 2. The second tilt sensor 9 detects whether the entire drive bracket 2 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and measures the angle between the center line of the casing clamped on the drive bracket 2 and the horizontal plane. When the center line of the second circular cavity 21 of the drive bracket 2 is not perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the fourth hydraulic cylinder 8 is controlled to operate, adjusting the tilt of the drive bracket 2 so that the center line of the second circular cavity 21 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, ensuring the verticality of the casing drilling.

[0089] The first tilt sensor 7, the third hydraulic cylinder 65, the fourth hydraulic cylinder 8, and the second tilt sensor 9 are connected to an external control system for real-time data acquisition and feedback. This automated system adjusts the verticality and midpoint position of the casing in real time, reducing the number of operators and manual labor, and improving work efficiency. The first tilt sensor 7 and the second tilt sensor 9 can be powered by 24V, have a single-axis range of ±90°, use RS485 for data communication, have a sampling accuracy of 0.005°, and a sampling frequency of 100Hz.

[0090] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," or "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0091] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances, as long as no technical contradiction occurs.

[0092] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "top", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-rotation casing drilling rig, characterized in that, include: The base (1) has a first circular cavity (11) through which the sleeve (100) passes. The drive bracket (2) is spaced above the base (1) and has a second circular cavity (21) through which the sleeve (100) passes; the first circular cavity (11) and the second circular cavity (21) are vertically corresponding; At least two first hydraulic cylinders (3) are distributed along the outer circumference of the first circular cavity (11) of the base (1); the two ends of the first hydraulic cylinder (3) are connected to the base (1) and the drive bracket (2) respectively, and the first hydraulic cylinder (3) causes the drive bracket (2) to move away from or closer to the base (1) relative to the base (1); A sleeve clamping mechanism (4) is disposed between the base (1) and the drive bracket (2); the sleeve clamping mechanism (4) is provided with a second hydraulic cylinder (41), a first slewing bearing (42) and a wedge (43); the two ends of the second hydraulic cylinder (41) are respectively connected to the outer rings of the drive bracket (2) and the first slewing bearing (42), and the second hydraulic cylinder (41) causes the first slewing bearing (42) to move away from or closer to the drive bracket (2); the inner ring of the first slewing bearing (42) is fixedly connected to a first ring sleeve (44), and multiple inclined seats (45) are circumferentially spaced on the inner wall of the first ring sleeve (44), and the inclined seats (45) on the side away from the first ring sleeve (44) are arranged from top to bottom. The inclined surface of the inclined seat (45) gradually tilts downward towards the central axis of the first ring sleeve (44), and slides relative to the wedge block (43) with the inclined surface of the inclined seat (45) in contact with the wedge block (43); the sleeve clamping mechanism (4) also has a second ring sleeve (46) set on the drive bracket (2), the central axis of the first ring sleeve (44) and the second ring sleeve (46) are aligned; the second ring sleeve (46) is provided with a connecting ear plate (47), the connecting ear plate (47) has a transverse elongated hole (48), the top of the wedge block (43) is movably connected to the connecting ear plate (47) through the connecting shaft (49) passing through the elongated hole (48), and the wedge block (43) can move back and forth along the length direction of the elongated hole (48); A rotary drive mechanism (5) is mounted on a drive bracket (2) and connected to a second ring sleeve (46) to drive the second ring sleeve (46) to rotate.

2. The full-rotation casing drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer ring of the first slewing bearing (42) is fixedly connected to a fixing ring (410); the outer wall of the fixing ring (410) is provided with a third support (411), and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder (41) is connected to the third support (411).

3. The full-rotation casing drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) is provided with a first support (12), the lower surface of the drive bracket (2) is provided with a second support (22), one end of the first hydraulic cylinder (3) is hinged to the first support (12), and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder (3) is hinged to the second support (22).

4. The full-rotation casing drilling rig according to claim 3, characterized in that, The full-rotation casing drilling rig also includes a support mechanism (6) connecting the base (1) and the drive bracket (2); the support mechanism (6) is provided with a first tie rod (61), a second tie rod (62), a connecting seat (63), a support seat (64) and a third hydraulic cylinder (65), and the support seat (64) is fixedly installed on the base (1); the first tie rod (61) and the second tie rod (62) are in an inclined state, one end of the first tie rod (61) and one end of the second tie rod (62) are respectively connected to the drive bracket (2) through bearings, and the other end of the first tie rod (61) and the other end of the second tie rod (62) are hinged to the connecting seat (63), and the hinge connection point with the connecting seat (63) is located on the radial extension line of the second circular cavity (21); The third hydraulic cylinder (65) drives the connecting seat (63) to slide back and forth on the support seat (64) along the radial direction of the second circular cavity (21); the connecting seat (63) can pitch and rotate relative to the support seat (64).

5. The full-rotation casing drilling rig according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support mechanism (6) is also provided with a slide rail (66) fixedly mounted on the support base (64) and a slide block (67) slidably mounted on the slide rail (66); the connecting seat (63) is hinged to the slide block (67); One end of the third hydraulic cylinder (65) is fixed to the base (1), and the other end of the third hydraulic cylinder (65) is fixedly connected to the slide (67).

6. The full-rotation casing drilling rig according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first tilt sensor (7) is fixedly installed on the first hydraulic cylinder (3). The first tilt sensor (7) detects whether the center line of the first circular cavity (11) is offset from the center line of the second circular cavity (21).

7. The full-rotation casing drilling rig according to claim 3, characterized in that, The full-rotation casing drilling rig also includes one or two fourth hydraulic cylinders (8), one end of which is connected to the base (1) and the other end of which is connected to the drive bracket (2). The fourth hydraulic cylinder (8) is used to adjust the drive bracket (2) to keep it horizontal.

8. The full-rotation casing drilling rig according to claim 7, characterized in that, A second tilt sensor (9) is fixedly installed on the drive bracket (2). The second tilt sensor (9) detects whether the drive bracket (2) is parallel to the horizontal plane.

9. The full-rotation casing drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary drive mechanism (5) is equipped with: Rotation source (51) is fixedly mounted on drive bracket (2); The drive gear (52) forms a transmission connection with the output shaft of the rotation source (51); The gear ring (53) has convex teeth on its outer circumference that mesh with the drive gear (52). The drive gear (52) and the gear ring (53) form a meshing transmission pair. The second slewing bearing (54) has its outer ring fixedly connected to the gear ring (53) and the second ring sleeve (46), and its inner ring fixedly connected to the drive bracket (2).

10. The full-rotation casing drilling rig according to claim 9, characterized in that, The rotating source (51) is a combination of an electric motor, an engine, a hydraulic motor, or one of them with a speed reducer.

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