Dynamic optimization method and system for anchor net supporting system resistance to impact

Abstract

This invention provides a method and system for dynamic optimization of the impact resistance of an anchor-mesh support system. It constructs a unified time baseline and phase reference field based on a synchronous vibration sensor network; identifies abrupt changes in the vibration mode of the metal mesh and extracts the dominant frequency, comparing it with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate a frequency coupling risk region and a phase locking window; maps the risk region to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and deploys energy isolation boundaries and energy transfer channels; based on the high-risk period determined by the phase locking window, it performs prestressed progressive correction on the anchor bolts and adjusts the stress wave propagation characteristics to achieve phase synchronization between the anchor bolts and the metal mesh; constructs a multi-channel energy dissipation path in the synchronization region, and collects real-time vibration status using a high-bandwidth feedback gain path; generates an active suppression signal, driving channels, patches, and mechanisms to generate reverse control commands to suppress vibration abrupt changes. This invention improves structural stability while achieving phase synchronization between the anchor bolts and the metal mesh, enhancing the impact resistance of the support system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of geotechnical engineering and mine support technology, and in particular to a dynamic optimization method and system for the impact resistance of an anchor mesh support system. Background Technology

[0002] In underground engineering projects such as coal mine roadways, tunnels, and chambers, the combined support system of anchor bolts and steel mesh (or welded mesh) (referred to as "anchor-mesh support") is widely used due to its advantages such as convenient construction, timely support, and relatively low cost. This system applies radial restraint to the surrounding rock through anchor bolts, and combines this with the planar coverage and connection provided by the steel mesh to form a synergistic load-bearing structure to maintain the stability of the surrounding rock after excavation. However, in deep mining or complex geological conditions, engineering structures are often subjected to high-energy, short-term, strong dynamic loads generated by rockbursts, rock bursts, and fault slippage. Traditional anchor-mesh support systems typically use anchor bolts to provide axial restraint and steel mesh to achieve planar coverage support to improve the stability of the surrounding rock and cope with dynamic load disturbances. However, under high-energy rockburst or rock burst environments, this type of system suffers from insufficient dynamic response, especially manifested in the modal transition phenomenon of the steel mesh structure under high-speed impact loads. Specifically, the high-frequency dynamic loads excited by the shock wave can cause the steel mesh to rapidly transition from low-order modes to high-order modes, resulting in a nonlinear transition in its vibration behavior. When the frequency corresponding to this transition mode couples with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock structure, it can easily induce a strong resonance response in the structural system. This resonance process rapidly amplifies the vibration energy in local areas, causing the steel mesh panels to bulge, warp, or detach entirely, thereby disrupting the cooperative constraint relationship between the mesh and the anchor bolts. Since the anchor-mesh cooperative mechanism is the core of support stability, once the steel mesh detaches, it will lead to concentrated stress on the anchor bolts, local instability of the surrounding rock, severely weakening the dynamic bearing capacity of the overall support system, and even causing large-scale support failure or tunnel damage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a dynamic optimization method and system for the impact resistance of anchor mesh support systems, which addresses the shortcomings of anchor mesh support systems in lacking the ability to predict, isolate, and actively suppress the risks of dynamic frequency coupling and resonance under impact, leading to modal transitions and resonance in the metal mesh, thereby disrupting the synergy of the anchor mesh and causing overall instability.

[0004] This invention provides a method for dynamic optimization of the impact resistance of an anchor mesh support system, comprising: Based on a synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock, a unified time baseline and phase reference field are constructed. In the phase reference field, abrupt changes in the vibration mode of the metal mesh are identified and the dominant frequency is extracted. The dominant frequency is then compared with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information, which includes frequency coupling risk regions and corresponding phase locking windows. The frequency coupling risk area is mapped to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and an energy isolation boundary and an adjustable energy transfer channel are set up at the contact boundary to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone. Within the multi-ring resonance isolation zone, based on the high-risk period determined by the phase locking window, the anchor bolt is subjected to prestress progressive correction, and the stress wave propagation characteristics are adjusted by using smart material patches set on the surface of the anchor bolt, so that the vibration response of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh achieves phase synchronization. In the phase-synchronized connection region, a multi-channel energy consumption path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism is constructed to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path, which is used to acquire real-time vibration status. Based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration state fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase-locked window, an active suppression signal is generated; the active suppression signal is used to drive at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, so as to suppress vibration abrupt changes based on the reverse control command.

[0005] According to the dynamic optimization method for impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided by the present invention, the method for constructing a unified time baseline and phase reference field based on a synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock includes: Multiple measurement points were set at the contact surface between the surrounding rock and the support structure. A triaxial accelerometer was installed at each measurement point and three-dimensional attitude and spatial position calibration was performed. Each of the three-axis accelerometers is connected to the central optical time reference device via optical fiber to achieve time synchronization of the signals collected by all sensors, so as to establish the unified time baseline. The synchronized triaxial vibration signal is acquired at a fixed sampling frequency, and processed by a dual differential algorithm to filter out local interference and extract persistent disturbance features, forming a time-continuous and spatially consistent three-dimensional vector disturbance field. A spatial vector network is constructed based on the three-dimensional vector perturbation field, and the phase reference field is generated by measuring the vector angle changes between nodes and the synchronization response time difference.

[0006] According to the dynamic optimization method for impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided by the present invention, the step of identifying abrupt changes in the vibration mode of the metal mesh and extracting the dominant frequency in the phase reference field, and comparing the dominant frequency with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information includes: Based on the three-dimensional vibration data in the unified time baseline and the phase reference field, the dominant frequency shift, phase change and energy diffusion behavior are identified by continuous sliding window, the vibration mode change of the metal mesh is judged, and the start time, center position, dominant frequency change and phase change range of the change are recorded. The dominant frequency of the vibration mode abrupt change is compared with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock. The coupling abrupt change point is screened according to whether the frequency difference falls within the preset judgment range. The phase consistency and spatial energy accumulation characteristics of the coupling abrupt change point are analyzed in the phase reference field to generate frequency coupling risk areas. Within the frequency coupling risk region, the phase locking window is calibrated according to the time tag, and integrated to form the resonance risk information containing the frequency coupling risk region and the corresponding phase locking window.

[0007] According to the dynamic optimization method for impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided by the present invention, the step of mapping the frequency coupling risk area to the contact boundary position between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and setting up an energy isolation boundary and an adjustable energy transfer channel at the contact boundary position to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone includes: Based on the spatial boundary and dominant frequency range of the frequency coupling risk area, determine its corresponding mapping position on the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock; An energy isolation boundary for preventing the propagation of vibration is set at the mapped location. The energy isolation boundary includes a functional material region, a vibration damping medium band, or a frequency-sensitive energy reduction layer. An adjustable energy transfer channel is arranged outside the energy isolation boundary. By adjusting the material damping, local stiffness, or energy absorption characteristics of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the vibration propagation path is changed. Based on the playback data of the unified time baseline, the changes in energy propagation trajectory are evaluated. When the vibration amplitude decreases and the phase disturbance shrinks, the energy isolation boundary and adjustable energy transfer channel are continued to be deployed along the periphery of the frequency coupling risk region to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone surrounding the frequency coupling risk region.

[0008] According to the dynamic optimization method for impact resistance of the anchor-mesh support system provided by the present invention, the method involves, within the multi-ring resonance isolation zone, performing prestressed progressive correction on the anchor bolts based on the high-risk period determined by the phase locking window, and adjusting the stress wave propagation characteristics using smart material patches disposed on the surface of the anchor bolts, including: During the high-risk period, the dominant frequency, phase trajectory and amplitude change of the metal mesh vibration are obtained, and the axial stress change, dominant frequency distribution and phase response of the anchor are obtained by the stress monitoring device installed on the anchor, and the frequency deviation and phase difference between the metal mesh and the anchor are determined. The anchor bolt tensioning device applies axial preload to adjust the stress state of the anchor bolt, and the preload is slightly modified based on the frequency deviation and phase difference between the metal mesh and the anchor bolt, so that the vibration frequency and phase of the two gradually become consistent. After completing the prestressed progressive correction, the local dynamic stiffness and stress waveguide characteristics of the anchor are adjusted in the excitation field by using smart material patches deployed on the surface of the anchor, thereby changing the propagation speed of the stress wave in the anchor.

[0009] According to the dynamic optimization method for impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided by the present invention, the smart material patch is a piezoelectric smart material patch; the adjustment process further includes: Continuously track the changing trends of the time difference and phase difference between the vibration peak of the anchor bolt and the vibration peak of the metal mesh; Based on the changing trends of the time difference and phase difference, the piezoelectric excitation signal and magnetostrictive coupling parameters applied to the piezoelectric smart material patch are finely adjusted in real time to ensure that the vibration synchronization of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh remains stable under continuous impact.

[0010] According to the dynamic optimization method for shock resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided by the present invention, the step of constructing a multi-channel energy dissipation path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism in the phase-synchronized connection region to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path includes: Based on the phase synchronization results, a multi-channel energy dissipation path is laid in the connection area between the anchor bolt and the metal mesh. The multi-channel energy dissipation path includes a viscoelastic damping material, a composite damping coating, and a frequency-sensitive energy dissipation medium. An adjustable energy distribution mechanism is introduced into the multi-channel energy consumption path. The adjustable energy distribution mechanism dynamically adjusts the response intensity of each energy consumption path according to the real-time frequency characteristics of the impact energy. The energy propagation behavior is verified using the playback data of the unified time baseline, confirming that the energy is dispersed and absorbed, forming the high-bandwidth feedback gain path.

[0011] According to the dynamic optimization method for shock resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided by the present invention, the active suppression signal is generated based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration state fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase locking window; the active suppression signal is used to drive at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, including: Based on the unified time baseline, the amplitude growth points and frequency mutation points of the metal mesh fed back by the high bandwidth feedback gain path within the phase-locked window are extracted to construct a time-inversion excitation sequence. A phase modulation signal corresponding to the time-reversal excitation sequence is generated using an optical frequency comb device to drive the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, or the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to produce phase modulation behavior opposite to the direction of vibrational abrupt change. During the phase traction process of the optical frequency comb, a micro-traction control mechanism is simultaneously activated to release a micro-amplitude reverse traction force opposite to the vibration direction.

[0012] According to the dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided by the present invention, the step of extracting the amplitude growth points and frequency mutation points of the metal mesh fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path within the phase-locked window based on the unified time baseline, and constructing a time-reversal excitation sequence includes: The vibration response data within the phase-locked window is acquired, and the moment when the amplitude growth rate exceeds the first threshold is identified as the amplitude growth point, and the moment when the frequency change rate exceeds the second threshold is identified as the frequency mutation point. The amplitude growth points and frequency change points are mapped onto the time axis of the unified time baseline to obtain the vibration phase, frequency and spatial location information corresponding to each point. Using the amplitude growth point and frequency change point as anchor points, the corresponding vibration response waveform is reversed on the time axis, and the time-reversed excitation sequence is reconstructed based on the phase, frequency and spatial location information.

[0013] This invention also provides a dynamic optimization system for the impact resistance of an anchor mesh support system, comprising: The extraction module is used to construct a unified time baseline and phase reference field based on a synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock; in the phase reference field, it identifies abrupt changes in the vibration mode of the metal mesh and extracts the dominant frequency, and compares the dominant frequency with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information, which includes frequency coupling risk areas and corresponding phase locking windows. The mapping module is used to map the frequency coupling risk area to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and to set up an energy isolation boundary and an adjustable energy transfer channel at the contact boundary to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone. The correction module is used to perform prestress progressive correction on the anchor bolt within the multi-ring resonance isolation zone according to the high-risk period determined by the phase locking window, and to adjust the stress wave propagation characteristics by using smart material patches set on the surface of the anchor bolt, so that the vibration response of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh can achieve phase synchronization. A construction module is used to construct a multi-channel energy dissipation path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism in the phase-synchronized connection area to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path, which is used to acquire real-time vibration status. The control module is used to generate an active suppression signal based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration state fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase-locked window; and to use the active suppression signal to drive at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, so as to suppress vibration abrupt changes based on the reverse control command.

[0014] The present invention provides a dynamic optimization method and system for the impact resistance of an anchor-mesh support system. This method constructs a unified time baseline and phase reference field based on a synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock. Within the phase reference field, abrupt changes in the vibration mode of the metal mesh are identified and the dominant frequency is extracted. This dominant frequency is then compared with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information, which includes frequency coupling risk regions and corresponding phase-locking windows. The frequency coupling risk regions are mapped to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and energy isolation boundaries and adjustable energy transfer channels are deployed at these boundaries to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone. Within this multi-ring resonance isolation zone, based on the high-risk period determined by the phase-locking window, prestressed progressive correction is applied to the anchor bolts, and intelligent material patches on the anchor bolt surface are used to adjust stress wave propagation. The characteristics enable phase synchronization of the vibration response of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh. In the phase-synchronized connection region, a multi-channel energy dissipation path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism is constructed to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path, which is used to acquire real-time vibration status. Based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration status fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase locking window, an active suppression signal is generated. This active suppression signal drives at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, which suppresses vibration abrupt changes. This invention identifies vibration frequency abrupt changes and coupling risks by constructing a unified time baseline and phase reference field, and reconstructs the impact propagation path using energy isolation and adjustment mechanisms, thereby improving structural stability. Simultaneously, phase synchronization between the anchor bolt and the metal mesh is achieved through preload correction and piezoelectric smart material patch control. Combined with multi-channel energy dissipation and time-reversal closed-loop control, different frequency bands of energy are weakened, enhancing the impact resistance and resonance resistance of the support system. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a functional structure diagram of the dynamic optimization system for impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0018] Figure 1 The flowchart is as follows: This is a method for dynamic optimization of the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: Step 101: Based on the synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock, a unified time baseline and phase reference field are constructed; in the phase reference field, the vibration mode abrupt change of the metal mesh is identified and the dominant frequency is extracted, and the dominant frequency is compared with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information, which includes frequency coupling risk area and corresponding phase locking window. Step 102: Map the frequency coupling risk area to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and set up an energy isolation boundary and an adjustable energy transfer channel at the contact boundary to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone; Step 103: Within the multi-ring resonance isolation zone, based on the high-risk period determined by the phase locking window, the anchor bolt is subjected to prestress progressive correction, and the stress wave propagation characteristics are adjusted by using smart material patches set on the surface of the anchor bolt, so that the vibration response of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh achieves phase synchronization. Step 104: In the phase-synchronized connection area, a multi-channel energy consumption path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism is constructed to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path, which is used to collect real-time vibration status. Step 105: Based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration state fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase-locked window, generate an active suppression signal; use the active suppression signal to drive at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, so as to suppress vibration abrupt changes based on the reverse control command.

[0019] In traditional anchor-mesh support systems, the anchor-mesh coordination mechanism is the core of support stability. Once the steel mesh falls off, it will lead to concentrated stress on the anchor bolts, local rock instability, severely weaken the dynamic bearing capacity of the overall support system, and even cause large-scale support failure or roadway damage.

[0020] The dynamic optimization method for impact resistance of the anchor-mesh support system provided in this invention constructs a unified time baseline and phase reference field based on a synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock. In the phase reference field, abrupt changes in the vibration mode of the metal mesh are identified and the dominant frequency is extracted. This dominant frequency is then compared with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information, which includes frequency coupling risk regions and corresponding phase locking windows. The frequency coupling risk regions are mapped to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and energy isolation boundaries and adjustable energy transfer channels are deployed at these boundaries to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone. Within this multi-ring resonance isolation zone, based on the high-risk period determined by the phase locking window, prestressed progressive correction is applied to the anchor bolts, and smart material patches on the anchor bolt surface are used to adjust stress wave propagation. The characteristics enable phase synchronization of the vibration response of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh. In the phase-synchronized connection region, a multi-channel energy dissipation path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism is constructed to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path, which is used to acquire real-time vibration status. Based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration status fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase locking window, an active suppression signal is generated. This active suppression signal drives at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, which suppresses vibration abrupt changes. This invention identifies vibration frequency abrupt changes and coupling risks by constructing a unified time baseline and phase reference field, and reconstructs the impact propagation path using energy isolation and adjustment mechanisms, thereby improving structural stability. Simultaneously, phase synchronization between the anchor bolt and the metal mesh is achieved through preload correction and piezoelectric smart material patch control. Combined with multi-channel energy dissipation and time-reversal closed-loop control, different frequency bands of energy are weakened, enhancing the impact resistance and resonance resistance of the support system.

[0021] Based on any of the above embodiments, the construction of a unified time baseline and phase reference field based on a synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock includes: Step 201: Set up multiple measurement points at the contact surface between the surrounding rock and the support structure, install a triaxial accelerometer at each measurement point and perform three-dimensional attitude and spatial position calibration; In this embodiment of the invention, at least nine locations are selected as measurement points at the contact interface between the surrounding rock and the support structure within the area to be monitored. At each point, a set of triaxial accelerometers is installed sequentially along orthogonal three-dimensional directions. The triaxial accelerometers can be triaxial MEMS accelerometers or ICP triaxial accelerometers widely used in engineering monitoring, capable of simultaneously acquiring vibration response signals in the X, Y, and Z directions, and possessing high sampling rates and anti-interference capabilities. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data acquired by the sensors, each set of sensors undergoes initial calibration using a three-dimensional attitude calibration device, aligning its three sensitive axes with the longitudinal, transverse, and vertical directions of the tunnel coordinate system, respectively. The installation spatial position of the sensors is then re-measured using a total station to ensure that the positional error does not exceed 1 mm, thereby avoiding data distortion caused by installation deviations.

[0022] Step 202: Connect each of the three-axis accelerometers to the central optical time reference device via optical fiber to achieve time synchronization of the signals collected by all sensors, so as to establish the unified time baseline; In this embodiment of the invention, to ensure that the signals acquired by each triaxial accelerometer have a uniform time starting point and sampling frequency, each sensor is connected to a central optical time reference device via a single-core single-mode optical fiber. This device employs a stability better than 10... -12 A rubidium atom-pumped laser source is used as the time reference source, and a temperature-controlled stabilizing cavity is set up to ensure the stability of its wavelength during long-term operation. Each fiber signal chain is connected to the optoelectronic interface at the sensor end through a photoelectric conversion device. After the time signal is decoded, the sampling clock synchronization accuracy can be improved to the sub-microsecond level, so that the sampling data time error of all sensors at any time is less than 0.5 microseconds. Before data synchronization is started, optical pulse synchronization packets are alternately injected into each fiber, and the optical path transmission delay is checked by combining echo detection technology, thereby ensuring that all sensors use a consistent time reference value as the sampling benchmark.

[0023] Step 203: Acquire the synchronized triaxial vibration signal at a fixed sampling frequency, process it through a dual differential algorithm to filter out local interference and extract persistent disturbance features, forming a time-continuous and spatially consistent three-dimensional vector disturbance field; In this embodiment of the invention, after all sensors are activated and time synchronization is completed, a multi-point synchronous acquisition task is initiated. Each triaxial accelerometer records triaxial vibration signals at a fixed sampling frequency (e.g., not less than 10kHz). Each sampling automatically generates a corresponding absolute timestamp and synchronously calculates the vibration vector magnitude and direction change rate. The continuously acquired data is synchronously transmitted to the signal decoding device via multi-channel optical fiber and stored in matrix form. During the data processing stage, to eliminate errors that may be caused by local disturbances or random mechanical noise, a dual-difference algorithm is used to dynamically compare the signal amplitude and phase change rate between adjacent time periods and adjacent points to screen out the main excitation trajectory that conforms to the overall disturbance trend, and to calibrate the initial impact response point accordingly. This method can construct a three-dimensional vector disturbance field with temporal continuity and spatial consistency, and visualize the propagation trajectory, propagation speed, and path differences of the impact energy in space, thereby providing a basic support for subsequent phase reference processing.

[0024] Step 204: Construct a spatial vector network based on the three-dimensional vector perturbation field, and generate the phase reference field by measuring the vector angle changes between nodes and the synchronization response time difference.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, a spatial vector network is established between adjacent points based on the constructed three-dimensional vector perturbation field, with each sensor as a node. The phase offset is calculated by measuring the vector angle change and synchronization response time difference between nodes, and an overall phase synchronization analysis is performed based on the graph structure. After the graph structure is generated, the main excitation path with the earliest response and highest frequency energy density is selected as the reference path, and the propagation delay and vector phase change along this path are defined as the phase reference baseline. Subsequently, using the starting point of the main excitation path as the reference origin, the relative phase change results of each node are mapped to a unified time baseline system, completing the phase alignment of the three-dimensional perturbation field. Finally, a unified reference field with continuous spatial distribution, consistent time labels, and clear phase relationships is formed to support subsequent technical processes such as impact spectrum analysis, vibration mode abrupt change identification, and resonance propagation path deduction.

[0026] Based on any of the above embodiments, the step of identifying abrupt changes in the vibration modes of the metal mesh and extracting the dominant frequency in the phase reference field, and comparing the dominant frequency with the natural frequencies of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information includes: Step 301: Based on the three-dimensional vibration data in the unified time baseline and the phase reference field, identify the dominant frequency shift, phase change and energy diffusion behavior through a continuous sliding window, determine the abrupt change of the metal mesh vibration mode, and record the start time, center position, dominant frequency change and phase change range of the abrupt change. In this embodiment of the invention, three-dimensional vibration data recorded by a triaxial accelerometer in a unified time baseline and phase reference field are used as input. Centered on each sensor location, the three-dimensional acceleration response changes in a continuous time series are extracted, including magnitude changes, rate of change of direction, and angular acceleration changes between adjacent sampling points. A time series is constructed with a sampling frequency of at least 10 kHz, and a sliding window of 5 milliseconds is used to extract the local vibration characteristics of all sensor locations. Within each time window, the dominant frequency position, harmonic occurrence, dominant frequency energy density changes, and the evolution of phase relationships between adjacent points are identified. If the following characteristic behaviors occur simultaneously within three or more consecutive time windows: (1) The main vibration frequency continues to shift to higher frequency bands; (2) The phase abrupt change points show a diffusion trend along space; (3) Vibration energy expands outward from the central region; then it is determined that the metal mesh support structure in that region has undergone a sudden change in vibration mode. The result of this sudden change is recorded as parameters such as the start time, the location of the center point, the dominant frequency before and after the sudden change, the range of phase difference change, and the duration of the sudden change.

[0027] Step 302: Compare the dominant frequency of the vibration mode change with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock, screen out the coupling change point according to whether the frequency difference falls within the preset judgment range, and analyze the phase consistency and spatial energy accumulation characteristics of the coupling change point in the phase reference field to generate frequency coupling risk area. In this embodiment of the invention, the identified vibration mode abrupt change frequencies are compared with the natural frequencies of the surrounding rock measured by excitation experiments at the engineering site. The natural frequencies of the surrounding rock typically consist of multiple frequency ranges, corresponding to different lithological conditions. During the comparison, a frequency similarity of less than 2 Hz is used as the coupling criterion to screen all abrupt change points that may have frequency coupling relationships. Then, these abrupt change points are mapped back to the phase reference field to determine whether their phase change directions across multiple sensor locations show a consistent trend, and to analyze whether their spatial distribution forms energy accumulation, wavefront enhancement, or interference enhancement phenomena. When the abrupt change frequency simultaneously exhibits enhanced phase consistency at multiple spatial locations, and the vibration amplitude exceeds twice the static average value, it is determined that the abrupt change frequency and the natural frequency of the surrounding rock constitute an effective coupling.

[0028] Step 303: In the frequency coupling risk region, the phase locking window is calibrated according to the time tag, and the resonance risk information containing the frequency coupling risk region and the corresponding phase locking window is integrated to form the resonance risk information.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, based on the identified frequency coupling regions, the earliest occurrence positions and peak response times of these coupling points are traced back within a unified time baseline to determine the start and end points of the phase-locked window. By tracking the vibration direction changes, dominant frequency drift trajectory, and phase development trend of each sensor point within this time interval second by second, the dynamic resonance evolution curve for this stage can be constructed.

[0030] Furthermore, these curves are time-normalized to extract parameters such as the frequency increase slope, phase change rate, and duration of each vibration mode abrupt change, and their critical phase response model is derived. Based on this, phase reversal points, phase surge points, and energy accumulation convergence points are identified in the three-dimensional phase reference field, constructing a spatial frequency coupling risk region composed of points, lines, and surfaces, and quantifying its spatial range, frequency range, and frequency of occurrence. This region will serve as an important basis for subsequent resonance risk shielding and energy path reconstruction.

[0031] All frequency coupling risk areas are integrated into a resonance exclusion list. This list is a set of risk representation entities containing spatial, temporal, frequency, and abrupt mode attributes. Each entity includes the following information: three-dimensional spatial coverage (defined by the sensor coordinate extreme value envelope), corresponding time period (represented by a unified time baseline), parameter description of vibration mode abrupt changes (including frequency change range, growth slope, energy density changes, etc.), coupling level with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock (divided into levels one to three according to the degree of coupling), and energy isolation strategy number applicable to the area. This list is used to guide subsequent energy isolation boundary layout, energy propagation path reconstruction, and dynamic control design, and indicates where structural vibration enhancement response should not occur.

[0032] Based on any of the above embodiments, the step of mapping the frequency coupling risk region to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and setting up an energy isolation boundary and an adjustable energy transfer channel at the contact boundary to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone, includes: Step 401: Based on the spatial boundary and dominant frequency range of the frequency coupling risk area, determine its corresponding mapping position on the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock; In this embodiment of the invention, based on the three-dimensional spatial boundaries, dominant frequency ranges, and phase-locking window start and end times recorded in the resonance exclusion list, these regions are mapped to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock. This location is typically the contact area between the end of the metal mesh and the shotcrete layer or the exposed section of the anchor bolt.

[0033] Step 402: Deploy an energy isolation boundary at the mapped position to prevent the propagation of vibrations from the screen. The energy isolation boundary includes a functional material region, a vibration damping medium band, or a frequency-sensitive energy reduction layer. In this embodiment of the invention, after spatial mapping is completed, an energy isolation boundary for screening vibration propagation is deployed in the aforementioned area. This type of energy isolation boundary can be achieved through functional material regions, vibration damping media strips, or frequency-sensitive energy reduction layers commonly used in engineering vibration control (such as flexible damping strips, composite vibration-absorbing coatings, and engineering vibration-absorbing materials). Its function is to screen, weaken, or redistribute energy along the vibration propagation path, thereby significantly attenuating the vibration amplitude and phase disturbances entering the high-risk area. To ensure the isolation effect, the energy isolation boundary can be continuously deployed along its perimeter according to the outer edge morphology of the resonance exclusion zone, forming a complete vibration screening zone in space.

[0034] Step 403: An adjustable energy transfer channel is arranged outside the energy isolation boundary. The vibration propagation path is changed by adjusting the material damping, local stiffness or energy absorption characteristics of the adjustable energy transfer channel. In this embodiment of the invention, an adjustable energy transfer channel is arranged in the adjacent area outside the energy isolation boundary to further control the propagation path of the shock wave. This type of channel can achieve directional guidance of vibration propagation by adjusting material damping, local stiffness, or energy absorption characteristics. Its technical basis can refer to adjustable damping materials, variable stiffness dielectric layers, or segmented energy-absorbing material strips commonly used in engineering. By adjusting the energy transfer characteristics of the channel, changes in velocity, phase, or amplitude can be caused when the vibration passes through this area, thereby deflecting or attenuating the energy path originally pointing towards the restricted area.

[0035] Step 404: Evaluate the changes in energy propagation trajectory based on the playback data of the unified time baseline. When the vibration amplitude decreases and the phase disturbance shrinks, continue to deploy the energy isolation boundary and adjustable energy transfer channel along the periphery of the frequency coupling risk region to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone surrounding the frequency coupling risk region.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, after the energy isolation boundary and adjustable energy transfer channel are deployed, the impact propagation behavior in the intervention area is compared and evaluated using playback data from a unified time baseline. The energy propagation trajectory, phase propagation velocity, and amplitude change rate at the same time points before and after the intervention are analyzed. If the energy transfer path changes significantly, the amplitude decreases by more than 30%, the phase disturbance range shrinks by more than 40%, and the duration of the frequency coupling point is shortened to less than half of its original value, then the path reconstruction is effective.

[0037] Based on this, an additional energy isolation boundary and energy transfer regulation channel can be deployed along the perimeter of the original restricted area, forming a second resonant isolation zone. When the restricted area is large or has a wide frequency range, a third or more isolation zones can be deployed. Appropriate spatial spacing should be maintained between the multiple isolation zones to avoid mutual coupling between them. The number of isolation zones is usually positively correlated with the dominant resonant frequency range. When the frequency coverage is wide, more isolation rings should be set to achieve a more effective vibration screening effect.

[0038] Based on any of the above embodiments, the step of performing prestressed progressive correction on the anchor bolt within the multi-ring resonant isolation zone according to the high-risk period determined by the phase locking window, and adjusting the stress wave propagation characteristics using smart material patches disposed on the anchor bolt surface, includes: Step 501: During the high-risk period, obtain the dominant frequency, phase trajectory and amplitude change of the metal mesh vibration, and obtain the axial stress change, dominant frequency distribution and phase response of the anchor rod through the stress monitoring device installed on the anchor rod, and determine the frequency deviation and phase difference between the metal mesh and the anchor rod. Step 502: Apply axial preload through the anchor tensioning device to adjust the stress state of the anchor rod, and slightly correct the preload based on the frequency deviation and phase difference between the metal mesh and the anchor rod, so that the vibration frequency and phase of the two gradually become consistent. In this embodiment of the invention, after constructing the multi-ring isolation zone, the wave propagation path within the resonance-free zone is evaluated again based on a unified time baseline and phase reference field, using energy attenuation rate, propagation delay change, and vibration consistency convergence as indicators. If, after multi-ring isolation, the frequency abrupt change amplitude in the original high-risk area decreases by more than 40%, the phase disturbance area shrinks by more than 50%, and the number of repeated excitations decreases by two-thirds, it indicates that the resonance suppression effect of the isolation zone is significant. Finally, the layout parameters, adjustment methods, and temporal response characteristics of each isolation zone are recorded in the structural intervention log to provide a basis for subsequent dynamic control.

[0039] Prestressed progressive correction is implemented within the multi-ring resonant isolation zone, and the propagation speed of the anchor rod traveling wave is adjusted by combining the piezoelectric smart material patch to keep it in phase synchronization with the vibration of the metal mesh. After the multi-ring resonance isolation zone is constructed, in order to further ensure that the metal mesh and anchor bolts form a stable coordinated response in the impact environment, it is necessary to perform prestressed progressive correction on the anchor bolts within the phase locking window, and adjust their traveling wave propagation speed by using piezoelectric smart material patches to keep the vibration process of the anchor bolts consistent with the main vibration phase of the metal mesh, thereby improving the overall impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system.

[0040] Step 503: After completing the prestressed progressive correction, the local dynamic stiffness and stress waveguide characteristics of the anchor are adjusted in the excitation field by using smart material patches deployed on the surface of the anchor, thereby changing the propagation speed of the stress wave in the anchor.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, based on the resonance exclusion list and phase-locked window established in the previous stage, the axial vibration response of the anchor bolt is analyzed using the vibration dominant frequency, phase trajectory, and amplitude variation data obtained at the metal mesh nodes. Stress monitoring devices (such as resistance strain gauges, fiber optic strain gauges, or charge-type accelerometers, commonly used engineering measuring equipment) deployed on the anchor bolt are used to acquire the stress variation trend, dominant frequency distribution, and phase response of the anchor bolt along the axial direction in real time. When a frequency deviation is detected between the anchor bolt vibration dominant frequency and the metal mesh dominant frequency, or when the phase difference between the two exceeds a set threshold, it indicates that the two are not yet synchronized.

[0042] In this situation, a gradual prestressing correction process is initiated. Axial prestress is applied incrementally in small steps using existing anchor tensioning or loading equipment, gradually adjusting the overall stress state of the anchor without damaging its original anchoring structure. After each adjustment, the vibration response curves of the anchor and the metal mesh are compared over the same time period until the difference in their dominant frequencies and phases stabilizes and reaches synchronous coupling conditions. This gradual adjustment method avoids local structural instability caused by excessive one-time loading, while ensuring the stable progress of the phase synchronization process.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, the smart material patch is a piezoelectric smart material patch; the adjustment process further includes: Continuously track the changing trends of the time difference and phase difference between the vibration peak of the anchor bolt and the vibration peak of the metal mesh; Based on the changing trends of the time difference and phase difference, the piezoelectric excitation signal and magnetostrictive coupling parameters applied to the piezoelectric smart material patch are finely adjusted in real time to ensure that the vibration synchronization of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh remains stable under continuous impact.

[0044] After prestress correction, to achieve even higher precision synchronous control, the propagation velocity of the traveling wave inside the anchor bolt needs to be dynamically adjusted. This adjustment process relies on piezoelectric smart material patches deployed on the anchor bolt surface. Through the synergistic effect of the piezoelectric responsive material and the electromagnetic coupling material in the excitation field, the dynamic stiffness or stress waveguide characteristics of a local area of ​​the anchor bolt are changed, thereby controlling the propagation velocity of the traveling wave. When the piezoelectric material is subjected to an external control signal, it undergoes slight deformation, thus changing the local wave velocity; the electromagnetic coupling material adjusts the vibration propagation path through magnetoelastic effects. With the help of these existing control technologies, the frequency range of the traveling wave propagating in the anchor bolt can be made close to the main vibration bandwidth of the metal mesh, achieving more precise synchronization between the two in the time-frequency domain.

[0045] During the control process, the synchronization accuracy is gradually improved by continuously fine-tuning the piezoelectric excitation signal and magnetostrictive coupling parameters by comparing the time difference between the peaks and troughs, the phase drift trend, and the degree of frequency overlap between the two. The control objective is to keep the phase difference between the anchor bolt and the metal mesh within a small range and ensure that their dominant vibration frequency has good consistency under continuous excitation conditions.

[0046] After prestress correction and wave velocity adjustment were completed, the overall coordinated response capability of the anchor and mesh was tested through multi-point excitation experiments. Using a unified time baseline as a reference, the response waveforms at multiple points were compared. When the main frequency error, phase difference, and vibration duration of the anchor and mesh remained stable and within the allowable range in multiple repeated tests, it indicated that the two had formed an effective coordinated response relationship and could maintain high stability and anti-resonance capability under impact disturbances.

[0047] Based on any of the above embodiments, the step of constructing a multi-channel power consumption path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism in the phase-synchronized connection region to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path includes: Step 601: Based on the phase synchronization results, a multi-channel energy dissipation path is laid out in the connection area between the anchor bolt and the metal mesh. The multi-channel energy dissipation path includes a viscoelastic damping material, a composite damping coating, and a frequency-sensitive energy dissipation medium. Step 602: Introduce an adjustable energy distribution mechanism into the multi-channel energy consumption path. The adjustable energy distribution mechanism dynamically adjusts the response intensity of each energy consumption path based on the real-time frequency characteristics of the impact energy. Step 603: Verify the energy propagation behavior using the playback data of the unified time baseline, and confirm that the energy is dispersed and absorbed to form the high-bandwidth feedback gain path.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, a multi-channel energy consumption and adjustment mechanism is constructed on the basis of phase synchronization. By dynamically adjusting the energy distribution method of the system, the impact energy is weakened in different frequency bands, thereby improving the tolerance of the support system to frequency deviation and forming a high-bandwidth feedback gain path covering a wide frequency range. After completing the dynamic phase synchronization adjustment between the anchor bolt and the metal mesh, to further enhance the anchor mesh structure's response to impact loads at different frequencies, a multi-channel energy dissipation and regulation mechanism capable of operating over a wide frequency range needs to be constructed. This mechanism dynamically regulates the distribution of impact energy across different frequency bands, allowing energy to be dispersed and absorbed before entering the structure. This improves the system's adaptability to frequency shifts and abrupt changes, and forms a high-bandwidth feedback gain path with sustained response capability. Specifically, the following steps are included: Based on the vibration paths of the anchor bolts and metal mesh that have achieved phase synchronization, a multi-channel energy dissipation path is established in the connection area between the two. This energy dissipation path can utilize viscoelastic damping materials, composite damping coatings, and frequency-sensitive energy-dissipating media, which are widely used in the field of engineering vibration control, and apply them to different frequency vibration components that may occur in the system. When excited, these materials can convert input energy into heat energy or microscale displacement energy through viscous shear, molecular chain relaxation, or internal friction, thereby effectively weakening the vibration amplitude and partially absorbing the energy before it enters the main structure.

[0049] An adjustable energy distribution mechanism is introduced into a multi-channel energy dissipation system to adjust the response intensity of each energy dissipation path based on the real-time frequency characteristics of the impact energy. This adjustable mechanism can be implemented using common engineering variable damping control methods, such as temperature-regulating damping bands, magnetorheological damping media, and programmable damping films. These materials can change their damping characteristics or deformation rates at different frequencies or excitation intensities, thereby achieving automatic energy distribution among different paths. When the impact frequency drifts or multiple frequency components appear, the aforementioned adjustment mechanism can actively change the damping capability of the main energy dissipation channels, allowing high-frequency energy, low-frequency energy, or transitional frequency energy to be absorbed separately, thus maintaining the overall structural response stability.

[0050] After the multi-channel energy dissipation and regulation mechanism was constructed, the impact propagation behavior in this region was verified and analyzed using playback data under a unified time baseline. The focus was on comparing indicators such as the transmission delay, amplitude attenuation rate, and phase stability of multi-frequency energy to determine the energy attenuation effect. Experimental results show that after energy in each frequency band is absorbed separately, the frequency offset tolerance of the structure is significantly improved, and the feedback path maintains high stability over a wide frequency range, thus forming a dynamic gain path with high bandwidth characteristics.

[0051] Based on the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, it can further work in conjunction with the unified time baseline and phase reference field, providing a foundation for subsequent time-inversion closed-loop control, enabling the system to maintain strong stability and adaptability in transient shock and frequency change environments.

[0052] A time-reversal excitation sequence is constructed based on the vibration response signal collected by the feedback gain path in the previous stage. By analyzing the dominant frequency response, energy evolution curves over time, and phase drift trajectory of the metal mesh and anchor rods, key points of rapid amplitude growth or frequency abrupt changes are identified and used as anchor points for time reversal. Subsequently, using these anchor points as references, the vibration response process is remapped in reverse time order within a unified time baseline, generating an inversion sequence that includes the phase change direction, frequency change trend, and instantaneous energy distribution characteristics. This sequence serves as the basis for subsequent optical frequency comb phase traction signals, guiding the system's directional intervention in structural vibration.

[0053] In the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, time-reversal closed-loop control is enabled. The response unit in the adjustment mechanism is driven by the phase traction of the optical frequency comb, and a small reverse traction force is dynamically applied to the system to lock the vibration change process of the metal mesh and suppress resonance. After constructing the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, a time-reversal closed-loop control method with active modulation capability is needed to further suppress abrupt changes in vibration modes and resonance behavior of the metal mesh structure under impact. This method relies on a unified time baseline and phase reference field, using optical frequency comb phase traction technology to drive the response unit in the modulation mechanism for synchronous modulation. Furthermore, it applies a small-amplitude reverse traction force in a timely manner during the dynamic feedback process to lock in the vibration abrupt change process and suppress resonance energy.

[0054] Based on any of the above embodiments, the step of generating an active suppression signal based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration state fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase-locked window; and using the active suppression signal to drive at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, including: Step 701: Based on the unified time baseline, extract the metal mesh amplitude growth points and frequency change points fed back by the high bandwidth feedback gain path within the phase-locked window, and construct a time-reversal excitation sequence; Step 702: Use an optical frequency comb device to generate a phase modulation signal corresponding to the time reversal excitation sequence, so as to drive the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch or the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate phase modulation behavior opposite to the direction of vibration abrupt change; Based on the constructed inversion excitation sequence, an optical signal with controllable phase and frequency distribution is generated using an optical frequency comb device. Optical frequency comb technology, as a verifiable and precise phase control method, can achieve fine-tuning of the target vibration mode by adjusting the phase rhythm of its output pulses. The generated optical signal is input to the response unit in the adjustment mechanism (such as a piezoelectric response material, adjustable damping unit, or frequency-sensitive control module), prompting it to produce phase adjustment behavior consistent with the inversion sequence, thereby forming active control over the vibration propagation path, vibration velocity, and phase development. This phase-guiding process can correct the phase propagation trend in advance before the vibration abrupt change becomes critical, weakening the energy concentration effect and blocking the formation of the resonance process.

[0055] Step 703: During the phase traction process of the optical frequency comb, a micro-traction control mechanism is simultaneously activated to release a micro-amplitude reverse traction force opposite to the vibration direction.

[0056] Building upon the synchronous control of the optical frequency comb phase traction, the system further employs a pre-set micro-traction control mechanism to apply a micro-amplitude reverse traction force to the structure. This traction mechanism can be implemented using piezoelectric actuators, shape memory material actuators, or micro-magnetic-responsive components commonly used in engineering. It generates a regulating force opposite to the vibration direction through instantaneous, minute deformation. This reverse traction force is time-synchronized with the phase traction signal, effectively suppressing the phase drift rate during abrupt changes in vibration modes, reducing the cumulative effect of high-energy vibrations, and blocking potential resonant amplification paths.

[0057] During the overall closed-loop control process, the phase modulation signal provided by the optical frequency comb, the response behavior in the modulation mechanism, and the application of micro-traction force are all coordinated in real time by a unified time baseline and phase reference field. The system automatically adjusts the phase traction intensity and traction force duration based on the transmitted vibration data, ensuring that the modulation behavior neither induces new vibration modes nor fails to suppress existing abrupt changes. Experimental results show that, through this time-reversal closed-loop modulation method, the stable range of the dominant frequency of the metal mesh vibration is significantly extended, the peak resonance energy is significantly reduced, and the number of vibration transitions is significantly decreased, demonstrating superior response suppression and modal stabilization capabilities under complex impact environments.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of extracting the amplitude growth points and frequency abrupt change points of the metal mesh feedback within the phase-locked window based on the unified time baseline, and constructing a time-reversal excitation sequence, includes: Step 7011: Obtain the vibration response data within the phase-locked window, identify the moment when the amplitude growth rate exceeds the first threshold as the amplitude growth point, and identify the moment when the frequency change rate exceeds the second threshold as the frequency mutation point. Step 7012: Map the amplitude growth points and frequency change points onto the time axis of the unified time baseline to obtain the vibration phase, frequency and spatial location information corresponding to each point; Step 7013: Using the amplitude growth point and frequency change point as anchor points, reverse the corresponding vibration response waveform on the time axis, and reconstruct the time-reversal excitation sequence based on the phase, frequency and spatial location information.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, a time-reversal excitation sequence is constructed based on the vibration response signal collected by the feedback gain path in the previous stage. By analyzing the dominant frequency response, energy evolution curves over time, and phase drift trajectory of the metal mesh and anchor rods, key points of rapid amplitude growth or frequency abrupt changes are identified and used as anchor points for time reversal. Subsequently, using these anchor points as references, the vibration response process is remapped in reverse time order within a unified time baseline to generate an inversion sequence containing the phase change direction, frequency change trend, and instantaneous energy distribution characteristics. This sequence serves as the basis for subsequent optical frequency comb phase traction signals, guiding the system's directional intervention on structural vibrations.

[0060] The dynamic optimization method for impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided by this invention, by constructing a unified time baseline and phase reference field, allows for precise calibration of the propagation law of impact disturbances in space and time. Based on this, it identifies vibration mode abrupt changes and frequency coupling regions, making the support system predictable for potential resonance processes. The setting of energy isolation boundaries and adjustable energy transfer channels redistributes impact energy before it enters the critical structure, significantly reducing high-energy concentration and making the vibration path more controllable. Through active control of the propagation path, key factors causing metal mesh bulging, warping, and local energy accumulation can be effectively suppressed, ensuring the support system maintains high stability under high-energy impacts. Utilizing prestressed progressive correction and piezoelectric coupling adjustment mechanisms, the propagation velocity of the anchor bolt traveling wave is synchronized with the vibration phase of the metal mesh, providing a controlled vibration environment for constructing an efficient energy-dissipating system. The multi-channel energy dissipation mechanism can dynamically adjust the energy absorption mode according to the frequency characteristics of the impact energy, weakening energy in different frequency bands and avoiding system instability caused by frequency drift. By combining time-reversal closed-loop control, phase evolution can be actively intervened before the critical vibration change occurs, weakening the sudden energy and extending the stable period before the structure enters the resonance range, so that the overall support system can exhibit higher impact resistance and modal stability under strong disturbance conditions.

[0061] The following describes the dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of anchor mesh support systems provided by the present invention. The dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of anchor mesh support systems described below can be referred to in correspondence with the dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of anchor mesh support systems described above.

[0062] Figure 2 The functional structure diagram of the dynamic optimization system for impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided in the embodiments of the present invention is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the dynamic optimization system for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: Extraction module 201 is used to construct a unified time baseline and phase reference field based on a synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock; in the phase reference field, it identifies abrupt changes in the vibration mode of the metal mesh and extracts the dominant frequency, and compares the dominant frequency with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information, the resonance risk information including frequency coupling risk region and corresponding phase locking window; The mapping module 202 is used to map the frequency coupling risk area to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and to set up an energy isolation boundary and an adjustable energy transfer channel at the contact boundary to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone. The correction module 203 is used to perform prestress progressive correction on the anchor bolt within the multi-ring resonance isolation zone according to the high-risk period determined by the phase locking window, and to adjust the stress wave propagation characteristics by using smart material patches set on the surface of the anchor bolt, so that the vibration response of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh can achieve phase synchronization. The construction module 204 is used to construct a multi-channel energy dissipation path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism in the phase-synchronized connection area to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path, which is used to acquire real-time vibration status. The control module 205 is used to generate an active suppression signal based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration state fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase locking window; and to use the active suppression signal to drive at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, so as to suppress vibration abrupt changes based on the reverse control command.

[0063] The dynamic optimization system for impact resistance of the anchor-mesh support system provided in this invention constructs a unified time baseline and phase reference field based on a synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock. In the phase reference field, abrupt changes in the vibration mode of the metal mesh are identified and the dominant frequency is extracted. This dominant frequency is then compared with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information, which includes frequency coupling risk regions and corresponding phase locking windows. The frequency coupling risk regions are mapped to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and energy isolation boundaries and adjustable energy transfer channels are deployed at these boundaries to form multi-ring resonance isolation zones. Within these multi-ring resonance isolation zones, based on the high-risk periods determined by the phase locking windows, prestressed progressive correction is applied to the anchor bolts, and intelligent material patches on the anchor bolt surface are used to adjust the stress wave propagation characteristics. The invention achieves phase synchronization between the vibration response of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh. In the phase-synchronized connection region, a multi-channel energy dissipation path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism is constructed to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path, which is used to acquire real-time vibration status. Based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration status fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase-locking window, an active suppression signal is generated. This active suppression signal drives at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, which suppresses vibration abrupt changes. This embodiment of the invention identifies vibration frequency abrupt changes and coupling risks by constructing a unified time baseline and phase reference field, and reconstructs the impact propagation path using energy isolation and adjustment mechanisms, thereby improving structural stability. Simultaneously, phase synchronization between the anchor bolt and the metal mesh is achieved through preload correction and piezoelectric smart material patch control. Combined with multi-channel energy dissipation and time-reversal closed-loop control, energy in different frequency bands is weakened, enhancing the impact resistance and resonance resistance of the support system.

[0064] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0065] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the parts that contribute to the related technology, can be embodied in the form of software products. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic optimization of the impact resistance of an anchor mesh support system, characterized in that, include: A unified time baseline and phase reference field are constructed based on a synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock. In the phase reference field, abrupt changes in the vibration mode of the metal mesh are identified and the dominant frequency is extracted. The dominant frequency is then compared with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information, which includes frequency coupling risk regions and corresponding phase locking windows. The frequency coupling risk area is mapped to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and an energy isolation boundary and an adjustable energy transfer channel are set up at the contact boundary to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone. Within the multi-ring resonance isolation zone, based on the high-risk period determined by the phase locking window, the anchor bolt is subjected to prestress progressive correction, and the stress wave propagation characteristics are adjusted by using smart material patches set on the surface of the anchor bolt, so that the vibration response of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh achieves phase synchronization. In the phase-synchronized connection region, a multi-channel energy consumption path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism is constructed to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path, which is used to acquire real-time vibration status. Based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration state fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase-locked window, an active suppression signal is generated; the active suppression signal is used to drive at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, so as to suppress vibration abrupt changes based on the reverse control command.

2. The dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The network of synchronous vibration sensors deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock constructs a unified time baseline and phase reference field, including: Multiple measurement points were set at the contact surface between the surrounding rock and the support structure. A triaxial accelerometer was installed at each measurement point and three-dimensional attitude and spatial position calibration was performed. Each of the three-axis accelerometers is connected to the central optical time reference device via optical fiber to achieve time synchronization of the signals collected by all sensors, so as to establish the unified time baseline. The synchronized triaxial vibration signal is acquired at a fixed sampling frequency, and processed by a dual differential algorithm to filter out local interference and extract persistent disturbance features, forming a time-continuous and spatially consistent three-dimensional vector disturbance field. A spatial vector network is constructed based on the three-dimensional vector perturbation field, and the phase reference field is generated by measuring the vector angle changes between nodes and the synchronization response time difference.

3. The dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves identifying abrupt changes in the vibration modes of the metal mesh within the phase reference field and extracting the dominant frequency. This dominant frequency is then compared with the natural frequencies of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information, including: Based on the three-dimensional vibration data in the unified time baseline and the phase reference field, the dominant frequency shift, phase change and energy diffusion behavior are identified by continuous sliding window, the vibration mode change of the metal mesh is judged, and the start time, center position, dominant frequency change and phase change range of the change are recorded. The dominant frequency of the vibration mode abrupt change is compared with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock. The coupling abrupt change point is screened according to whether the frequency difference falls within the preset judgment range. The phase consistency and spatial energy accumulation characteristics of the coupling abrupt change point are analyzed in the phase reference field to generate frequency coupling risk areas. Within the frequency coupling risk region, the phase locking window is calibrated according to the time tag, and integrated to form the resonance risk information containing the frequency coupling risk region and the corresponding phase locking window.

4. The dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of mapping the frequency coupling risk region to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and setting up an energy isolation boundary and an adjustable energy transfer channel at the contact boundary to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone, includes: Based on the spatial boundary and dominant frequency range of the frequency coupling risk area, determine its corresponding mapping position on the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock; An energy isolation boundary for preventing the propagation of vibration is set at the mapped location. The energy isolation boundary includes a functional material region, a vibration damping medium band, or a frequency-sensitive energy reduction layer. An adjustable energy transfer channel is arranged outside the energy isolation boundary. By adjusting the material damping, local stiffness, or energy absorption characteristics of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the vibration propagation path is changed. Based on the playback data of the unified time baseline, the changes in energy propagation trajectory are evaluated. When the vibration amplitude decreases and the phase disturbance shrinks, the energy isolation boundary and adjustable energy transfer channel are continued to be deployed along the periphery of the frequency coupling risk region to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone surrounding the frequency coupling risk region.

5. The dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within the multi-ring resonant isolation zone, based on the high-risk period determined by the phase-locking window, the anchor bolts undergo progressive prestress correction, and the stress wave propagation characteristics are adjusted using smart material patches disposed on the anchor bolt surface, including: During the high-risk period, the dominant frequency, phase trajectory and amplitude change of the metal mesh vibration are obtained, and the axial stress change, dominant frequency distribution and phase response of the anchor are obtained by the stress monitoring device installed on the anchor, and the frequency deviation and phase difference between the metal mesh and the anchor are determined. The anchor bolt tensioning device applies axial preload to adjust the stress state of the anchor bolt, and the preload is slightly modified based on the frequency deviation and phase difference between the metal mesh and the anchor bolt, so that the vibration frequency and phase of the two gradually become consistent. After completing the prestressed progressive correction, the local dynamic stiffness and stress waveguide characteristics of the anchor are adjusted in the excitation field by using smart material patches deployed on the surface of the anchor, thereby changing the propagation speed of the stress wave in the anchor.

6. The dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The smart material patch is a piezoelectric smart material patch; The adjustment process also includes: Continuously track the changing trends of the time difference and phase difference between the vibration peak of the anchor bolt and the vibration peak of the metal mesh; Based on the changing trends of the time difference and phase difference, the piezoelectric excitation signal and magnetostrictive coupling parameters applied to the piezoelectric smart material patch are finely adjusted in real time to ensure that the vibration synchronization of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh remains stable under continuous impact.

7. The dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the phase-synchronized connection region, a multi-channel energy dissipation path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism is constructed to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path, including: Based on the phase synchronization results, a multi-channel energy dissipation path is laid in the connection area between the anchor bolt and the metal mesh. The multi-channel energy dissipation path includes a viscoelastic damping material, a composite damping coating, and a frequency-sensitive energy dissipation medium. An adjustable energy distribution mechanism is introduced into the multi-channel energy consumption path. The adjustable energy distribution mechanism dynamically adjusts the response intensity of each energy consumption path according to the real-time frequency characteristics of the impact energy. The energy propagation behavior is verified using the playback data of the unified time baseline, confirming that the energy is dispersed and absorbed, forming the high-bandwidth feedback gain path.

8. The dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active suppression signal is generated based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration state fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase-locked window; the active suppression signal is used to drive at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, including: Based on the unified time baseline, the amplitude growth points and frequency mutation points of the metal mesh fed back by the high bandwidth feedback gain path within the phase-locked window are extracted to construct a time-inversion excitation sequence. A phase modulation signal corresponding to the time-reversal excitation sequence is generated using an optical frequency comb device to drive the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, or the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to produce phase modulation behavior opposite to the direction of vibrational abrupt change. During the phase traction process of the optical frequency comb, a micro-traction control mechanism is simultaneously activated to release a micro-amplitude reverse traction force opposite to the vibration direction.

9. The dynamic optimization method for the impact resistance of the anchor mesh support system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Based on the unified time baseline, the high-bandwidth feedback gain path extracts the metal mesh amplitude growth points and frequency abrupt change points within the phase-locked window, constructing a time-reversal excitation sequence, including: The vibration response data within the phase-locked window is acquired, and the moment when the amplitude growth rate exceeds the first threshold is identified as the amplitude growth point, and the moment when the frequency change rate exceeds the second threshold is identified as the frequency mutation point. The amplitude growth points and frequency change points are mapped onto the time axis of the unified time baseline to obtain the vibration phase, frequency and spatial location information corresponding to each point. Using the amplitude growth point and frequency change point as anchor points, the corresponding vibration response waveform is reversed on the time axis, and the time-reversed excitation sequence is reconstructed based on the phase, frequency and spatial location information.

10. A dynamic optimization system for the impact resistance of an anchor mesh support system, characterized in that, include: The extraction module is used to construct a unified time baseline and phase reference field based on a synchronous vibration sensor network deployed at the contact surface between the support structure and the surrounding rock. In the phase reference field, abrupt changes in the vibration mode of the metal mesh are identified and the dominant frequency is extracted. The dominant frequency is then compared with the natural frequency of the surrounding rock to generate resonance risk information, which includes frequency coupling risk regions and corresponding phase locking windows. The mapping module is used to map the frequency coupling risk area to the contact boundary between the metal mesh and the surrounding rock, and to set up an energy isolation boundary and an adjustable energy transfer channel at the contact boundary to form a multi-ring resonance isolation zone. The correction module is used to perform prestress progressive correction on the anchor bolt within the multi-ring resonance isolation zone according to the high-risk period determined by the phase locking window, and to adjust the stress wave propagation characteristics by using smart material patches set on the surface of the anchor bolt, so that the vibration response of the anchor bolt and the metal mesh can achieve phase synchronization. A construction module is used to construct a multi-channel energy dissipation path with an adjustable energy distribution mechanism in the phase-synchronized connection area to form a high-bandwidth feedback gain path, which is used to acquire real-time vibration status. The control module is used to generate an active suppression signal based on the unified time baseline and phase reference field, the real-time vibration state fed back by the high-bandwidth feedback gain path, and the phase-locked window; and to use the active suppression signal to drive at least one of the adjustable energy transfer channel, the smart material patch, and the adjustable energy distribution mechanism to generate a reverse control command, so as to suppress vibration abrupt changes based on the reverse control command.

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