A global wind-capturing vertical axis wind turbine

Abstract

This invention relates to a full-range wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine, belonging to the field of wind power generation technology. Specifically, it includes a central generator assembly, an upper support frame, and a lower support frame. The upper support frame is mounted on the top of the central generator assembly, and the lower support frame is mounted on the bottom. Multiple first wind-catching blades are installed between the outer edges of the upper and lower support frames, and multiple second wind-catching blades are installed between their inner edges. The second wind-catching blades are arranged between the intervals of the first wind-catching blades and are located behind the first wind-catching blades. The first wind-catching blades are symmetrical streamlined blades with a variable cross-section structure, and the leading edge of the blade has a wave-shaped concave-convex structure arranged along the length of the blade. The second wind-catching blades are asymmetrical power function fused reference curve curved blades. This invention has a reasonable structural design, and through the reasonable distribution of airflow by the wind-catching blades, it can fully capture the stable airflow on the outer diameter of the wind turbine and the chaotic vortex inside the wind turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a full-range wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine, belonging to the field of wind power generation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical axis wind turbines have attracted attention due to their simple structure and insensitivity to wind direction. However, their practical application faces a core challenge: low aerodynamic efficiency. The root cause lies in the fact that traditional designs have not adequately considered the non-uniformity of the flow field in the swept region during rotor rotation.

[0003] Existing mainstream lift-type VAWTs (such as the Darrieux type) use a single type of symmetrical airfoil blades. These blades operate efficiently in the outer diameter region (high linear velocity region), but are prone to dynamic stall at certain azimuth angles, leading to a sharp drop in power and vibration. More importantly, the flow field in the central region of the rotor (from the outer diameter to the main shaft) is affected by the disturbance of the outer diameter blades and the centrifugal effect of rotation, forming a large number of low-speed vortices and turbulence. This affects the wind-catching ability of traditional aero-blades on the rotor diameter. Although some vertical axis wind turbines install "S" drag-type blades on the central main shaft, the actual thrust is not significant after the thrust and drag are offset due to the limitations of shape and size. This results in extremely low efficiency of traditional rotor and blade designs in such chaotic, low-energy flow fields, leading to a near-waste of the swept area in the central region of the rotor, becoming an "aerodynamic dead zone."

[0004] Currently, there are attempts to improve performance by increasing the swept area or adding a flow guide, but these are all optimizations of the same aerodynamic principle and have failed to fundamentally solve the systemic contradiction of "instability of the high-energy flow field in the outer diameter" and "idleness of the low-energy flow field in the middle diameter". Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a full-range wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine with a reasonable structural design that can fully capture the stable airflow on the outer diameter of the wind turbine and the chaotic vortex inside the wind turbine by rationally distributing airflow through wind-catching blades.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a full-range wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine, including a middle generator assembly, an upper support frame and a lower support frame. The upper support frame is installed on the top of the middle generator assembly and the lower support frame is installed on the bottom. A plurality of first wind-catching blades are installed between the outer edges of the upper support frame and the lower support frame, and a plurality of second wind-catching blades are installed between the inner edges. The second wind-catching blades are arranged between the intervals of the first wind-catching blades and are located at the rear of the first wind-catching blades.

[0007] The first wind-catching blade is a symmetrical streamlined blade with a variable cross-section structure, and the leading edge of the blade has a wave-shaped concave-convex structure. The concave-convex structure is arranged along the length of the blade. The second wind-catching blade is an asymmetric power function fused reference curve curved blade. The back of the curved blade forms a wind-catching groove, and the surface forms a curved arc surface.

[0008] Preferably, the ratio of the spacing between the crests of the first wind-catching blade's concave-convex structure to the blade length is 0.15-0.35, and the height difference between the crests and troughs of the first wind-catching blade's concave-convex structure is 5-25 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the leading edge of the second wind-catching blade is a power function Y=X. 2 With Y=X 1 / 2 The leading, middle, and trailing edges of the bullet-shaped curve formed by the function curves are related to the power function Y=X. 2 The curves merge and connect to form a concave structure, and have an asymmetrical curve structure.

[0010] Preferably, the chord length of the second wind-catching blade is less than the chord length of the first wind-catching blade.

[0011] Preferably, the upper support frame and the lower support frame have the same structure and include a regular polygonal inner ring and a plurality of connecting rods installed on the regular polygonal inner ring. One end of the connecting rod of the upper support frame and the lower support frame is connected to the middle generator assembly, and a first wind-catching blade is installed between the other end of the connecting rod of the upper support frame and the lower support frame. A second wind-catching blade is installed between the regular polygonal inner rings of the upper support frame and the lower support frame.

[0012] Preferably, the middle generator assembly includes a generator, a bottom connecting sleeve, a top fixed housing, and an upper fixed plate. The bottom connecting sleeve is installed at the bottom of the generator, and the top fixed housing is installed at the top. The generator's rotating shaft extends into the top fixed housing and is connected to a connecting shaft via a planetary mechanism. The connecting shaft is rotatably installed inside the top fixed housing, and its top extends outside the top fixed housing and is connected to the upper fixed plate. Multiple support rods are installed on the bottom circumference of the upper fixed plate, and the bottom of the support rods is connected to a support ring. The connecting rod of the lower support frame is connected to the support ring. A transmission main shaft is also installed on the upper fixed plate, and a top support plate is installed on the upper part of the transmission main shaft. The connecting rod of the upper support frame is connected to the top support plate.

[0013] Preferably, a sloping top plate is also installed on the top of the transmission spindle, and the circumference of the sloping top plate is connected to the connecting rod of the upper support frame by multiple tie rods.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0015] 1. Significantly Improved Overall Efficiency: The external first wind-catching blade suppresses dynamic stall, enabling the wind turbine to maintain stable output even at high tip speed ratios. The second wind-catching blade improves low-wind-speed start-up performance and rectification, generating greater thrust and lift. Together, these two features broaden the wind turbine's efficient operating range, achieving full-range wind capture. Simultaneously, the curved blades of the second wind-catching blade capture eddy current energy that would otherwise be wasted in traditional designs, effectively increasing the wind turbine's working area and significantly improving the overall power coefficient.

[0016] 2. Improved operational stability: The first wind-catching blade smooths out the torque pulsation caused by dynamic stall, while the alternating arrangement of the two types of blades may disrupt the periodicity of the wake, which helps to reduce aerodynamic noise and structural vibration.

[0017] 3. Highly practical structure: The wind turbine employs upper and lower support frames with regular polygonal structures. These frames are connected via a drive shaft and generator, forming a stable load-bearing structure. This structure boasts high strength, uniform and distributed stress, better dynamic balance, and excellent process continuity. The system is ingeniously designed, without incorporating complex mechanisms, resulting in high reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the central generator assembly in this invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first wind-catching blade in this invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second wind-catching blade in this invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application example of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1 is the middle generator assembly, 2 is the upper support frame, 3 is the lower support frame, 4 is the first wind-catching blade, 5 is the second wind-catching blade, 6 is the inner ring of a regular polygon, 7 is the connecting rod, 8 is the generator, 9 is the bottom connecting sleeve, 10 is the top fixed shell, 11 is the upper fixed plate, 12 is the planetary mechanism, 13 is the connecting shaft, 14 is the inclined top plate, 15 is the support rod, 16 is the support ring, 17 is the transmission main shaft, 18 is the top support plate, and 19 is the tie rod. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a full-range wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine includes a middle generator assembly 1, an upper support frame 2, and a lower support frame 3. The upper support frame 2 is installed on the top of the middle generator assembly 1, and the lower support frame 3 is installed on the bottom. A plurality of first wind-catching blades 4 are installed between the outer edges of the upper support frame 2 and the lower support frame 3, and a plurality of second wind-catching blades 5 are installed between their inner edges. The second wind-catching blades 5 are arranged between the intervals of the first wind-catching blades 4 and are located at the rear of the first wind-catching blades 4.

[0027] This invention employs a central generator assembly 1 as the main support. An upper support frame 2 and a lower support frame 3 are installed at the top and bottom of the central generator assembly 1, respectively, forming the main frame structure of the wind turbine. Then, multiple first wind-catching blades 4 and multiple second wind-catching blades 5 are arranged between the upper support frame 2 and the lower support frame 3. The first wind-catching blades 4 are arranged on the outer ring of the wind turbine main frame structure, and the second wind-catching blades 5 are arranged on the inner ring. Simultaneously, the first wind-catching blades 4 and the second wind-catching blades 5 are arranged in a staggered manner, with the second wind-catching blades 5 positioned precisely between the intervals of two adjacent first wind-catching blades 4. This structural design effectively captures the vortices within and around the wind turbine, maximizing wind energy capture, increasing the turbine's working area, and significantly improving the overall power coefficient.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the first wind-catching blade 4 is a symmetrical streamlined blade with a variable cross-section, and its leading edge has a wavy, concave-convex structure arranged along the length of the blade. This design allows the incoming airflow to generate local vortices when it contacts the leading edge of the blade, increasing air density and kinetic energy, acting as a "capacitor" to amplify power and propel the blade forward. Because of the wavy, concave-convex structure at the leading edge, airflow in the concave areas flows more quickly along the outer surface of the blade, generating greater lift and propelling the blade forward. Simultaneously, the ratio of the distance between the crests of the concave-convex structure of the first wind-catching blade 4 to the blade length is 0.15-0.35, and the height difference between the crests and troughs of the concave-convex structure of the first wind-catching blade 4 is 5-25 mm. In this way, the wave-shaped concave-convex structure can also serve as a passive vortex generator. When the blade's angle of attack increases to near stall during rotation, it can actively disturb the boundary layer on the blade surface and inject high-energy airflow, thereby effectively delaying or suppressing the occurrence of dynamic stall and maintaining its aerodynamic performance within the efficient angle of attack range.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the second wind-catching blade 5 is an asymmetric power function fused reference curve curved blade. A wind-catching groove is formed on the back of this curved blade, and its surface forms a curved arc surface. Thus, when the wind-catching groove faces the wind, it has a "wind-catching" effect, generating forward thrust. Simultaneously, lift is generated on the outside of the second wind-catching blade, and its forward component propels the blade forward. Furthermore, the leading edge of the second wind-catching blade 5 is a power function Y=X. 2 With Y=X 1 / 2 The leading, middle, and trailing edges of the bullet-shaped curve formed by the function curves are related to the power function Y=X. 2 The curved blades merge to form a concave structure with an asymmetrical curve. This design minimizes drag when the blade's leading edge forms a "bullet" shape after a 180-degree rotation, while lift is generated on the outer surface, propelling the blade forward. This structural design allows the concave surface to effectively trap turbulent airflow (vortices, turbulence, radial flow) from various directions, converting it into tangential thrust that drives the rotor. The convex surface, with its gradually curving shape, generates lift and can be used to capture low-speed, multi-directional airflow.

[0030] The system employs the coordinated action of a first wind-catching blade 4 and a second wind-catching blade 5. The same number of first wind-catching blades 4 and second wind-catching blades 5 are used, and they are arranged in a staggered pattern, with the second wind-catching blade 5 positioned precisely between the intervals of two adjacent first wind-catching blades 4. The chord length of the second wind-catching blade 5 is shorter than that of the first wind-catching blade 4 to accommodate the lower linear velocity and space constraints in the mid-diameter region.

[0031] This layout allows the first wind-catching blade 4 on the outer diameter to efficiently and stably capture high-energy wind energy when the wind turbine rotates. Simultaneously, the second wind-catching blade 5 on the middle diameter is located in the wind turbine's "aerodynamic dead zone," activating the vortex kinetic energy within and acting as a straightener. The groove "catch" the wind, generating thrust, while the curved surface generates a forward airflow that blows towards the outer blade, propelling it forward. These two elements complement each other in terms of space and aerodynamic function, jointly expanding the wind turbine's effective wind-catching area and operating range.

[0032] Furthermore, Bates Law states that wind energy utilization is 59.3%, while the highest utilization rate of conventional vertical axis wind turbines is likely only 42%, a difference of 17.3%. If the wind energy inside the wind turbine can be captured and generated into positive thrust, the utilization rate can be significantly improved. The only way to achieve this is to install power-function curved blades on the mid-diameter of the turbine to capture the wind energy inside. Power-function curved blades function as both drag-generating and lift-generating blades. Simultaneously, the leading edge shape of the power-function blades resembles a bullet, minimizing drag when moving against the wind direction, and generating thrust through the grooves when moving in the same direction as the wind. The power-function curved surface, resembling an aircraft wing, generates lift, further producing tangential thrust and accelerating the turbine's motion.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper support frame 2 and the lower support frame 3 have the same structure and include a regular polygonal inner ring 6 and multiple connecting rods 7 installed on the regular polygonal inner ring 6. One end of the connecting rods of the upper support frame 2 and the lower support frame 3 is connected to the middle generator assembly 1, and the other end of the connecting rods of the upper support frame 2 and the lower support frame 3 is connected to a first wind-catching blade 4. A second wind-catching blade 5 is installed between the regular polygonal inner rings of the upper support frame 2 and the lower support frame 3. The upper support frame 2 and the lower support frame 3 adopt the same structural design, and by installing multiple connecting rods 7 on the regular polygonal inner ring 6, this structure facilitates the arrangement of the first wind-catching blade 4 and the second wind-catching blade 5, making installation more convenient. At the same time, by adjusting the number of sides of the regular polygonal inner ring 6 and the number of connecting rods 7, wind turbine structures of different diameters can be formed.

[0034] like Figure 3As shown, the middle generator assembly 1 includes a generator 8, a bottom connecting sleeve 9, a top fixed housing 10, and an upper fixed plate 11. The bottom connecting sleeve 9 is installed at the bottom of the generator 8, and the top fixed housing 10 is installed at the top. The rotating shaft of the generator 8 extends into the top fixed housing 10 and is connected to the connecting shaft 13 through a planetary mechanism 12. The connecting shaft 13 is rotatably installed inside the top fixed housing 10, and the top of the connecting shaft 13 extends to the outside of the top fixed housing 10 and is connected to the upper fixed plate 11. Multiple support rods 15 are installed on the bottom circumference of the upper fixed plate 11. The bottom of the support rods 15 is connected to the support ring 16. The connecting rod of the lower support frame 3 is connected to the support ring 16. A transmission main shaft 17 is also installed on the upper fixed plate 11. A top support plate 18 is installed on the upper part of the transmission main shaft 17. The connecting rod of the upper support frame 2 is connected to the top support plate 18. The central generator assembly 1 consists of a bottom connecting sleeve 9 and a top fixed housing 10 mounted on the generator 8. The bottom connecting sleeve 9 is used to connect to external components, such as utility poles. A connecting shaft 13 is installed inside the top fixed housing 10. The connecting shaft 13 is connected to the generator 8 via a planetary mechanism 12, and its other end is connected to an upper fixed plate 11. The upper fixed plate 11 is connected to the upper support frame 2 and the lower support frame 3 via a support rod 15, a support ring 16, a transmission main shaft 17, and a top support plate 18, forming a stable transmission structure that can transfer the kinetic energy of the wind turbine to the generator 8 for power generation.

[0035] In addition, a sloping top plate 14 is installed on the top of the drive shaft 17. The circumference of the sloping top plate 14 is connected to the connecting rod of the upper support frame 2 by multiple tie rods 19. The connection between the sloping top plate 14 and the connecting rod of the upper support frame 2 via the tie rods 19 can further stabilize the structure of the entire wind turbine and ensure the stability and reliability of the structure.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, this is a practical application example of the present invention. The entire vertical axis wind turbine is installed on the pole, which is simple and convenient to install and can adapt to the usage requirements of different scenarios.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-range wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that: It includes a middle generator assembly, an upper support frame, and a lower support frame. The upper support frame is installed on the top of the middle generator assembly, and the lower support frame is installed on the bottom. Multiple first wind-catching blades are installed between the outer edges of the upper support frame and the lower support frame, and multiple second wind-catching blades are installed between their inner edges. The second wind-catching blades are arranged between the intervals of the first wind-catching blades and are located behind the first wind-catching blades. The first wind-catching blade is a symmetrical streamlined blade with a variable cross-section structure, and the leading edge of the blade has a wave-shaped concave-convex structure. The concave-convex structure is arranged along the length of the blade. The second wind-catching blade is an asymmetric power function fused reference curve curved blade. The back of the curved blade forms a wind-catching groove, and the surface forms a curved arc surface.

2. The all-area wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the spacing between the crests of the first wind-catching blade's concave-convex structure to the blade length is 0.15-0.35, and the height difference between the crests and troughs of the first wind-catching blade's concave-convex structure is 5-25mm.

3. The all-area wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leading edge of the second wind-catching blade is a power function Y=X 2 With Y=X 1 / 2 The leading, middle, and trailing edges of the bullet-shaped curve formed by the function curves are related to the power function Y=X. 2 The curves merge and connect to form a concave structure, and have an asymmetrical curve structure.

4. A full-range wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The chord length of the second wind-catching blade is less than that of the first wind-catching blade.

5. A full-range wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper support frame and the lower support frame have the same structure and include a regular polygonal inner circle and multiple connecting rods installed on the regular polygonal inner circle. One end of the connecting rod of the upper support frame and the lower support frame is connected to the middle generator assembly. A first wind-catching blade is installed between the other end of the connecting rod of the upper support frame and the lower support frame. A second wind-catching blade is installed between the regular polygonal inner circles of the upper support frame and the lower support frame.

6. A full-range wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The central generator assembly includes a generator, a bottom connecting sleeve, a top fixed housing, and an upper fixed plate. The bottom connecting sleeve is installed at the bottom of the generator, and the top fixed housing is installed at the top. The generator's rotating shaft extends into the top fixed housing and is connected to a connecting shaft via a planetary mechanism. The connecting shaft is rotatably installed inside the top fixed housing, and its top extends outside the top fixed housing and is connected to the upper fixed plate. Multiple support rods are installed on the bottom circumference of the upper fixed plate, and the bottom of the support rods is connected to a support ring. The connecting rod of the lower support frame is connected to the support ring. A transmission main shaft is also installed on the upper fixed plate, and a top support plate is installed on the upper part of the transmission main shaft. The connecting rod of the upper support frame is connected to the top support plate.

7. A full-range wind-catching vertical axis wind turbine generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the transmission spindle is also equipped with a sloping top plate, and the circumference of the sloping top plate is connected to the connecting rod of the upper support frame by multiple tie rods.

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